Previous year questions ( class XII )
Ch – solutions , Electrochemistry , chemical kinetics
1) What happens when, (i) a pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied on the solution side
separated from solvent by a semipermeable membrane
(ii) acetone is added to pure ethanol?
2) Calculate the freezing point of a solution containing 60g of glucose (Molar mass = 180gmol-1) in
250g of water. (Kf of water = 1.86K kg mol-1) Delhi 2018 24)
3) Give reasons for the following: (i) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the
determination of molar masses of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.
(ii) Elevation of boiling point of 1M KCl solution is nearly double than of 1M sugar solution.
4) Define the following terms: (i) Colligative properties (ii) Molality (m)
Define the following terms: (i) Abnormal molar mass (ii) Van’t Hoff factor
5) (i) On mixing liquid X and liquid Y, volume of the resulting solution decreases. What type of
deviation from Raoult’s law is shown by the resulting solution? What change in temperature would
you observe after mixing liquids X and Y?
(ii) What happens when we place the blood cell in water (hypertonic solution)?
6) Calculate the mass of compound (molar mass = 256g mol-1) to be dissolved in 75g of benzene to
lower its freezing point by 0.48K (Kf = 5.12K kg mol-1)
7) An aqueous solution of sodium chloride freezes below 273K. Explain the lowering in freezing point
of water with the help of a suitable diagram.
8) 18g glucose, C6H12O6 (molar mass =180g mol-1) is dissolved in 1Kg of water in a sauce pan. At
what temperature, will this solution boil? (Kb for water = 0.52K kg mol-1, boiling point of pure water =
373.15K)
9) A 1.00 molal aqueous solution of trichloroacetic acid (CCl3COOH) is heated to its boiling point. The
solution has the boiling point100.18◦C. Determine the Van’t Hoff factor for trichloroacetic acid. (Kb for
water = 0.512K kg mol-1)
10) Define the terms: Osmosis and osmotic pressure. Is the osmosis pressure of a solution a
colligative property?
11) What is the advantage of using osmotic pressure as compared to other colligative properties for
determination of molar masses of solutes in solutions?
12) Find the boiling point of a solution containing 0.520g of glucose (C6H12O6) dissolved in 80.2g of
water. [Given, Kb for water = 0.52Km-1]
13) The standard electrode potential (E°) for Daniel cell is +1.1V. Calculate the ∆G° for the reaction.
Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) [1F=96500C mol-1]
14) The standard electrode potential (E°) for Daniel cell is +1.1V. Calculate the standard Gibbs energy
for the cell reaction. Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) [1F=96500C mol-1]
15) A zinc rod is dipped in 0.1M solution of ZnSO4. The salt is 95% dissociated at this dilution at 298K.
Calculate the electrode potential. E°Zn2+/ Zn = -0.76V
16) X and Y are two electrolytes. On dilution molar conductivity of ‘X’ increases 2.5 times, while that
of ‘Y’ increases 25 times. Which of the two is a weak electrolyte and why?
17) The conductivity of 0.001M acetic acid is 4 x 10-5S/cm. Calculate the dissociation constant of
acetic acid, if molar conductivity at infinite dilution for acetic acid is 390S cm2/mol.
18) The conductivity of a 0.01M solution of acetic acid at 298K is 1.65 x 10-4. m of the solution.
Calculate molar conductivity
19) Write the name of the cell which is generally used in hearing aids. Write the reactions taking place
at the anode and the cathode of this cell.
20) Write the name of the cell which is generally used in transistors. Write the reactions taking place
at the anode and the cathode of this cell.
21) From the given cells: Lead storage cell, Mercury cell, Fuel cell and Dry cell. Answer the following
(i) Which cell is used in hearing aids? (ii) Which cell was used in Apollo Space Programme? (iii)Which
cell is used in automobiles and inverters? (iv) Which cell does not have long life?
22) Calculate the time to deposit 1.27g of copper at cathode when a current of 2A was passed through
the solution of CuSO4. (Molar mass of Cu = 63.5g mol-1, 1F = 96500 C mol-1) .
23) )A reaction is of order in reactant A and of second order in reactant B. How is the rate of this
reaction affected when (i) the concentration of B alone is increased to three times? (ii) the
concentrations of A as well as B are doubled?
24)Discuss any four factors which affect the rate of a chemical reaction.
25) ) Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 (aq) decomposes to H2O (l) and O2(g) in a reaction that is first order in
H2O2 and has a rate constant k = 1.06 x 10-3min-1. (i) How long will it take for 15% of a sample of
H2O2 to decompose? (ii) How long will it take for 85% of the sample to decompose?
26)Define half-cell of a reaction. Write the expression of half-life for (i) zero order reaction. (ii) first
order
27)A first order reaction takes 40 min for 30% decomposition. Calculate t1/2 for this reaction. (Given,
log 1.428 = 0.154
28)A reactant has a half-life of 10 min. (i) Calculate the rate constant for the first order reaction.
(ii) What fraction of the reactant will be left after an hour of the reaction has occurred?
29)What are pseudo first order reactions? Give one example of such reactions.
30) In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant is reduced from 0.6 mol L-1 to 0.2 mol L-
1 in 5 min. Calculate the rate constant of the reaction.
31)The rate constant for a zero order reaction in A is 0.0030 mol L-1 s-1. How long will it take for the
initial concentration of A to fall from 0.10M to 0.075M?
32) What is the effect of temperature on the rate constant of a reaction? How can this temperature
effect on rate constant be expressed quantitatively?
33) ) A reaction is first order in A and in second order in B. (i) Write the differential rate equation. (ii)
How is the rate affected on increasing the concentration of B three times? (iii)How is the rate affected
when the concentration of both A and B are doubled?
34) A reaction is second order w.r.t. A and first order w.r.t. B.
(i) Write the differential rate equation. (ii) How is the rate affected on increasing the concentration of
B three times? (iii)How is the rate affected when the concentration of both A and B are doubled?
35) The decomposition of NH3 on platinum surface is zero order reaction. If rate constant (k) is 4 x 10-
3 M s-1, how long will it take to reduce the initial concentration of NH3 from 0.1 M to 0.064 M
36) The thermal decomposition of HCOOH is a first order reaction with a rate constant of 2.4 x 10-3 s-1
at a certain temperature. How long will it take for three fourth of initial quantity of HCOOH to
decompose? (log 0.25 = -0.6021)
37)A first order reaction has a rate constant value of 0.00510 min-1 . If we begin with 0.10M
concentration of the reactant, how much of the reactant will remain after 3.0 hour?
38) The rate of a reaction becomes four times when the temperature changes from 293K to 313K?
Calculate the energy of the activation (Eα) assuming that it does not change with temperature.
39) (i) A first order reaction is 50% completed in 30 minutes at 300K and in 10 minutes at 320K.
Calculate the activation energy, for the reaction. (Given: R = 8.314 J K -1 mol-1) [Given: log 2 = 0.3010,
log 3 = 0.4771, log 4 = 0.6021, log 5 = 0.6991]
40) Write the two conditions for collisions to be effective collisions. (ii)How order of reaction and
molecularity differ towards a complex reaction? [Given: log 2 = 0.3010, log 3 = 0.4771, log 4 = 0.6021,
log 5 = 0.6991]