1. What is testing and Features of testing ?

2. What is annotation ?
3. What is @test annotation ?
4. If multiple @test annotations are present in testNg class then execution
will happen in which order ?
5. Explain the terminologies we use for testing?
6. How to create maven project file in eclipse ?
7. What is group id and artifact id in maven project ?
8. What is pom in maven project ?
9. Advantages of maven project ?
[Link] we go for batch , group and parallel execution ?
[Link] is chronological order for configuration annotation and Explain the
order ?
[Link] to create Suite file in testing and which format ?
[Link] to make dependency between the test Cases ?
[Link] all the helper methods in testNg?
[Link] to generate report in testNg and types of report?
[Link] is data provider annotation , use and Syntax to create Data
provider ?
[Link] is listeners Annotation ?
[Link] is ItestListeners and IRetryAnalyser ?
[Link] many ways are there to connect to listeners implemented class ?
[Link] is data driven testing and its advantages ?
[Link] to read the data from excel file ?
[Link] to read data from properties file ?
[Link] to read data from xml file ?
[Link] is hardcoding in automation ?
[Link] is assertion and why we go for assertion ?
[Link] between hard and soft assert ?
[Link] out the methods of hard and soft assert ?
[Link] is POM in Selenium ?
[Link] we go for Pom ?
[Link] of Pom ?
1)What is testng and its features ?

• Full form is test next generation

• It is a unit testing framework tool like Junit and Nunit and it is
inspired from Junit
• And it having an advanced features , as well as it is used for unit
, functional , integration ,end to end testing etc .
• Its is used by both developers and test engineers
• And it is plug in for eclipse so we need install the plug-in in
eclipse

Features

• Batch Execution
• Group Execution
• Parallel Execution
• Parameterization
• Prioritization
• Create dependencies between test cases
• Skip test cases
• Generate report and more

2. What is annotation?

Annotation is a symbol or templates which is used to give information

to the compiler , test engineer and developer etc

Which can be used on top of class, variable , method .

3. What is @test annotation?

@Test Annotation: it is one of the important annotation of testng and

it acts like a main method in execution .

Syntax : public void anyName(){

Statement ;

}
4. If multiple @test annotations are present in TestNG class then
execution will happen in which order?

Execution Order: By default, TestNG executes test methods in

alphabetical order of their names to be exact based on ascii value.
However, we can control the order of execution using the priority
attribute of the @Test annotation.

5. Explain the terminologies we use for testing?

Common Testing Terminologies:

• Testng Class : A class which is having @test method , that

class we call it as a testng class
• Test Case : A method which is prefix with @test annotation
that is called asTestcase
• Test Script : A Steps which is present in @test method , that is
called as Test Steps

6. How to create maven project file in Eclipse?

To create a Maven project in Eclipse:

1. Go to File > New > Other.

2. Select Maven > Maven Project and click Next.
3. Choose a workspace location and click Next.
4. Select an archetype (e.g., maven-archetype-
quickstart) and click Next.
5. Fill in the Group Id and Artifact Id.
6. Click Finish to create the Maven project.

7. What is group id and artifact id in maven project?

• Group Id: It defines the unique identifier of the project group,

typically based on the domain name (e.g., [Link]).
• Artifact Id: It defines the unique base name of the primary
artifact being generated by the project (e.g., myapp).
8. What is POM in maven project?

POM (Project Object Model): It is an XML file ([Link]) that

contains information about the project and configuration details used
by Maven to build the project. It includes dependencies, plugins,
goals, and other build configurations.

9. Advantages of Maven project?

Advantages of Maven:

• Dependency Management: Automatically handles project

dependencies.
• Build Automation: Simplifies the build process using standard
conventions.
• Project Structure: Enforces a standard project structure.
• Consistent Builds: Ensures consistent and reproducible builds.
• Extensible: Supports a wide range of plugins for various tasks.
• Documentation: Automatically generates project
documentation.

10. Why we go for batch, group, and parallel execution?

• Batch Execution: Running a set of tests together, useful for

nightly or regression testing.
• Group Execution: Organizing tests into groups for modular and
organized testing.
• Parallel Execution: Running tests concurrently to reduce the
overall execution time.

11. What is chronological order for configuration annotation and

Explain the order?

Configuration Annotations in TestNG:

1. @BeforeSuite: Runs before all tests in the suite.

2. @BeforeTest: Runs before any test method in the <test> tag
in the [Link] file.
 3. @BeforeClass: Runs before the first method in the current
class.
4. @BeforeMethod: Runs before each test method.
5. @Test: Test method.
6. @AfterMethod: Runs after each test method.
7. @AfterClass: Runs after all the test methods in the current
class.
8. @AfterTest: Runs after all test methods in the <test> tag in
[Link].
9. @AfterSuite: Runs after all tests in the suite.

12. How to create Suite file in testing and which format?

Creating a Suite File:

• Create a new XML file (e.g., [Link]).

• Define the suite, tests, classes, and methods within the XML
structure.
xml
Copy code
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM
"[Link] >
<suite name="SuiteName">
<test name="TestName">
<classes>
<class
name="[Link]" />
</classes>
</test>
</suite>

13. How to make dependency between the test cases?

Test Dependency:

• Use the dependsOnMethods attribute in the @Test

annotation to create dependencies between test methods
@Test
public void testMethod1() {
// test code
}

@Test(dependsOnMethods = {"testMethod1"})
public void testMethod2() {
// test code
}

14. Explain all the helper methods in TestNG?

Priority : it helps to give preference or customize the test cases to

execute in our order and return type is int

innvocationCount : it helps to execute the test cases for multiple

times and return type is int

threadPoolSize : it helps to execute the test cases in multiple

platform and retuen type is int

enable : it helps to disable or enable the test cases and return type is
Boolean

dependsOnMethod : it helps to create dependencies between the test

cases

name : used to give identifier

group : used for group execution and group execution is occurs based
on group helper method

timesOut : it is used to give execution time to the testcase

alwaysRun : it helps to execute the testcase without skip or fail

15. How to generate report in TestNG and types of report?

Generating Reports in TestNG:

• TestNG generates two types of reports:

1. HTML Reports: Generated in the test-output folder,
providing a graphical view.
2. XML Reports: Generated in the test-output folder,
providing detailed test execution data.

16. What is data provider annotation, use and Syntax to create

Data provider?

DataProvider Annotation:

• It is one of the annotation which is present in testng

• Used to provide multiple data to the same test case .

Syntax:

@DataProvider(name = "dataProviderName")
public Object[][] dataProviderMethod() {

return new Object[][] {{"data1"},

{"data2"}};
}

@Test(dataProvider = "dataProviderName")
public void testMethod(String data) {
// test code
}

17. What is listeners Annotation?

Listeners Annotation:

• Used to listen to events in the TestNG lifecycle. Commonly

implemented to capture logs, screenshots, etc.
18. What is ITestListeners and IRetryAnalyzer?

ITestListeners:

• An interface used to define methods that are called on various

events in TestNG (e.g., onTestStart, onTestSuccess,
onTestFailure).

IRetryAnalyzer:

• An interface used to retry failed test cases.

19. How many ways are there to connect to listeners implemented

class?

Ways to Connect Listeners:

1. Using @Listeners Annotation: Add the annotation to the test

class.
2. In [Link] File: Define listeners in the XML configuration.

20. What is data-driven testing and its advantages?

Data-Driven Testing:

It is a testing methodology which is used to read the data from

external files like properties , excel , json ,xml , database etc

Advantages:

• Reduces the number of test scripts.

• Avoid hardcoding
• Data reusability
• Enhances test coverage.
• Allows easy maintenance of test data.
21. How to read the data from excel file?

Reading Data from Excel:

• Use libraries like Apache POI to read data from Excel files.

FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new

File("path"));

Workbook workbook = new WorkbookFactory(fis);

Sheet sheet = [Link]();

String
data=[Link]().getCell().toString();

22. what is properties File and How to read it?

A properties file is a simple key-value pair file often used to store

configuration data in Java applications. It's commonly used to keep
configuration parameters separate from the code, allowing for easy
updates and changes without altering the codebase.
Properties properties = new Properties();

FileInputStream fis = new

FileInputStream("path");

[Link](fis);

String value = [Link]("key");

[Link]();

23. How to read data from xml file?

With the help of @parameter annotation prefixing in method and the

data will be received from parameter tag in xml file
24. What is hardcoding in automation?

Hardcoding:

• Embedding fixed values directly into the source code. It’s

considered a bad practice as it reduces code flexibility and
maintainability.

25. What is assertion and why we go for assertion?

Assertion:

• It is a libraries or function in testNg which is used to verify or

validate the expected output with the actual output is known as
assertion
• And there are two types
• Hard assert and soft assert

26. Difference between hard and soft assert?

Hard assert Soft assert

All methods are static All methods are non-static
In case of failure ,the execution In case of failure ,the execution
will be terminated and will not will not terminate and it will
move to next steps move to next steps
There is no need to create an We should create object for
object for accessing the methods accessing the methods
No need to use assertAll() for Need to use assertAll() for
exception report exception report

27. List out the methods of hard and soft assert?

Hard Assert Methods:

• assertEquals(), assertTrue(), assertFalse(),

assertNull(), assertNotNull(), etc.
Soft Assert Methods:

• Similar methods as hard asserts but used with SoftAssert

class.

28. What is POM in Selenium?

POM (Page Object Model):

• A design pattern in Selenium which make our test Script

independent of the webElement identification
• We write a separate java class for each and every of the
webpage
• It is also called as element and actions repository .

29. Why we go for POM?

Advantages of POM:

• Improves test maintenance.

• To avoid staleElementReference exception
• Enhances code readability and reusability.
• Reduces code duplication.
• Data Management etc

30. Explain the source folder in maven project ?

• src/main/java → used to store common data like base

class , pom class , listeners class , javaUtility class , FileUtility
class etc
• src/main/resources → used to store driver .exe & files related
projects
• src/test/java →used to store testScripts
• src/test/resources →used to store external files (excel ,
properties etc)