Sample Questions of Environmental Sciences (VAC00006)

Module - 1
1. Name the coldest region of the atmosphere
a. Mesosphere b. Troposhere
c. Stratosphere d. Ionosphere

2.
Identify the functions of Forest.

a. Accessory function b. Protective function

c. Productive function d. All of this

3.
Identify the sphere of the Earth where the maximum quantity of fresh water is present.
a. River b. Ground water
c. Polar ice caps and Glaciers d. Sea water

4.
Identify the temperature range of troposphere.
a. -2 to -92 °C b. 15 to -56 °C
c. -56 to -2 °C d. -92 to 1200 °C

5.

The temperature ........................................ at the interoundary layers in the structure of

atmosphere.
a. Increases b. Decreases
c. Remains same d. All of the above

6.

Identify the layer present immediately above the earth’s surface.

a. Troposphere b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere d. Ionosphere

7. The layer of the atmosphere closest to the Earth surface is

a. Troposphere b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere d. Ionosphere
8. Select the approximate percentage of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere.
a. 21% b. 50%
c. 78% d. 90%
9. Lapse rate refers to
a. Population increases in area b. Temperature decreases with increase in
with increase of temperature elevation
c. Temperature increases with d. Both temperature decreases and increases
increase in elevation with increase in elevation

10. Ozone hole in Antarctica is mostly due to

a. Methane b. CFC
c. CO2 d. Nitrogen

11. Which layer is the hottest region of the atmosphere?

a. Troposphere b. Thermosphere or Ionosphere
c. Mesosphere d. Stratosphere
12. World Environment Day is observed every year on
a. June 5 b. July 5
c. August 5 d. September 10

13. Which one of the following is not a forest product?

a. Gum b. Plywood
c. Kerosene d. Sealing wax

14. Tree hugging movement is

a. Chipko Andolan b. Silent valley movement
c. Narmada dam movement d. None of this

15. Select the correct one

Drought can be classified as
a. Metrological drought b. Hydrological drought
c. Agricultural drought d. All of this

16. Identify the layer that experiences positive lapse rate.

a. Troposphere and Stratosphere b. Troposphere and Thermosphere
c. Stratosphere and Mesosphere d. Troposphere and Mesosphere
17. Choose the layer in which ionization of gases takes place.
a. Troposphere b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere d. Thermosphere
18. What does SIMA layer contain?
a. Sulphur and Magnesium b. Silicon and Magnesium
c. Sulphur and Manganese d. Silicon and Manganese
19. Write the most potentially renewable energy resource from below.
a. Wind b. Sunlight
c. Tidal energy d. Biomass
20. What does SIAL layer contain?
a. Silicon and Aluminium b. Sulphur and Aluminium
c. Strontium and Ammonium d. Sulphur and Ammonium

21. The maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a given environment is
called
a. Carrying capacity b. Environmental resistance
c. Population size d. Biotic potential
22. Hygroscopic water remains after drying of
a. Gravitational water b. Capillary water
c. Combined water d. Distilled water

23. Choose the right one

The maximum sustainable yield is obtained when the population is
a. Half of the carrying capacity b. Double of the carrying capacity
 c. Two-third of the carrying d. Three-fourth of the carrying capacity
capacity
24. The imaginary line between crust and mantle is
a. Moho discontinuity b. Conred discontinuity
c. Gutenberg discontinuity d. Seismic discontinuity

25. Water quality is measured by using

a. DO b. BOD
c. COD d. All of these
26.

Mention the year and leadership of Chipko Movement.

a. In 1972, Sunder Lal Bahuguna b. In 1972, Amrita Devi Bishnoi
c. In 1973, Medha Patkar d. In 1973, Sunder Lal Bahuguna

27. Which of these is an exhaustible natural resource?

a. Wildlife b. Minerals
c. Soil fertility d. Aquatic animals
28. Sacred Groves are useful in
a. Preventing soil erosion b. Conserving endangered and rare species
c. Spreading environmental d. Ensuring the sustainable flow of water in
awareness rivers

29. In which of the following areas is renewable energy commonly used to replace
conventional fossil fuels?
a. Locomotives b. Space heating
c. Electricity generation d. All of the above
30. Atmosphere maintain the temperature of the earth because
a. It contains water vapour b. It holds air, which is a bad conductor heat
c. It reflects the heat rays d. It absorbs the heat rays
31. The percentage of oxygen and carbon dioxide in atmosphere, respectively, is
a. 20.95% and 0.004% b. 21% and 0.44%
 c. 20.0% and 0.40% d. 20.95% and 0.04%

32. Sustainable development is generalised by

a. meeting present needs without b. progress of human beings
compromising on future needs
c. balance between human needs d. all of this
and earth resources

33. Mangrove is a kind of

a. Salt water b. Fresh water
c. Brakish water d. Desert ecosystem
34. Incineration is a disposal method of
a. Water Pollutant b. Air Pollutant
c. Solid waste d. Sound pollutant

35. Ozone acts as a protective shield when it resides in

a. Mesosphere b. Stratosphere
c. Thermosphere d. Troposphere
36. The gas which is not responsible for green-house effect is
a. CO b. Hydrogen Sulphide
c. Water-vapour d. Methane

37. The first World Environment Day was observed in which year?
a. 1974 b. 1971
c. 1976 d. 1978

38. Recognise the characteristic of mangrove tree form the option below.
a. Thorn b. Pneumatophore
c. Sunken stomata d. Climber

39. Explain the formation and characteristics of psammosere in different zones.

a. Saline soil b. Rock
c. Sand d. Water

40. Select the name the microorganism who has the ability to convert nitrite to nitrate.
a. Nitrosomonus sp. b. Nitrobactor sp.
c. Paseudomonus sp. d. Bacillus sp.

41. The energy trapped in the form of organic matter is known as

a. Conventional energy b. Renewable energy
c. Biomass energy d. Bioenergy
42. Sustainable development is described as
a. Meeting present needs without b. progress of human beings
compromising on future needs
c. balance between human needs d. all of this
and earth resources

43. Explain the likely outcome when only two out of the three pillars of sustainable
development are achieved.
a. Economic+ Environmental b. Social+ Environmental sustainability =
sustainability = Viable Bearable
c. Social + Economic d. All of this
sustainability = Equitable

44. Thermocline is an identification of

a. Same temparature under water b. Same temparature of surface water
c. Abrupt changes of temparature d. Water
in subsurface water

45. Identify which is the mother committee of Sustainable Development (CSD)?

a. UNEP b. TERI
c. ECOSOC d. UNCED

46. Which one of the following statements is correct with reference to normal lapse rate?
 a. Temperature is highest at b. Temperature is lowest at ground level and
ground level and decreases with increases with increasing altitude.
increasing altitude.
c. Temperature remains stable d. Temperature first increases with increasing
with increasing altitude. altitude and gradually starts decreasing.
47. What is the composition of inner core of the earth?
a. Solid b. Liquid
c. Gas d. All of this
48. The imaginary line between crust and mantle is
a. Moho discontinuity b. Conrad discontinuity

c. Gutenberg discontinuity d. Seismic discontinuity

(Short Answer Type Questions)

State the composition of atmosphere.

Why are non-renewable energies not sustainable?

What are energy resources? Explain different types of energy resources with examples.

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of wind energy.

What is biomass energy? Explain with examples.

Define sustainable development. Give examples of few sustainable development approaches.

Describe the composition of earth's crust.

Describe the composition of earth's core.

Describe the composition of earth's mantle.

Write down the differences between renewable and non-renewable energy.

Explain the fermentation of biomass.

What are land resources? Explain the importance of land resource.

What is land degradation? Assess the impacts of land degradation.

What is desertification? What are the causes of desertification?

What are the causes of flood and drought?

Define resources. Give few examples.

Explain with examples the different types of energy resources.

Explain environmental lapse rate. Draw the plot of altitude vs temperature at the different layers of
atmosphere.

Explain tropopause, stratopause and mesopause.

Compare between hygroscopic water and combined water.

Distinguish between gravitational water and capillary water.

Write the components of forest resource.

List the causes and effects of deforestation.

Explain greenhouse gas effect. List few greenhouse gases.

Explain the importance of ozone gas in stratosphere.

Describe the different elements of our environment.

Write a short note on natural forest products.

Explain international water conflict with examples.

(Long Answer Type Questions)

Explain the effects of excessive ground water usage.

What is solar energy? Explain the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy.

Describe the causes and effects of earthquake.

Discuss the effects and prevention of land degradation.

Explain international and inter-state conflicts over water.
Explain the importance of mangroves.
Discuss the layers of lithosphere.
Describe positive, negative and zero lapse rate.
Describe the major components of the environment.
Discuss about sustainable development. How many goals do sustainable development have? Name
at least five.
Classify the different types of water present in soil.
Discuss the different layers of the atmosphere.
Write a short note on Chipko movement.
Explain the term 'Natural resources' and its different types.