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Introduction to Python
1. It is general purpose, interpreted, object-oriented, high level and multi-pu
rpose programming language
2. Simple and platform independent
3. Beginner Friendly
4. Open source and portable

Variables

It is one kind of identifier.

Identifier

User defined words

Rules to define and identifier

1. It may contain alphabets (upper & lower case), digits (0-9) and and undersco
re(_)
2. It should not start with digit
3. Should not be Keyword
4. Strickly case sensitive
5. Length may be anything

Assigning single value to multiple variables

a = b = c = 100

a,b,c = 10,20,30

Operators

Arithmetic Operators

+ --> Addition
- ==> Substraction
* ==> Multiplication
/ ==> Division
// ==> Floor Division
% ==> Modulus
** ==> Power

Relational

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> ==> Greater than

>= ==> Greater than or equal to
<
<=
==
!=

Logical

and
or
not

Bitwise

& AND
| OR
^ XOR
~ NOT
>> Right shift
<< Left shift

Assignment

=
+=, -=, *=, /=, //=, %=, **=
&=, |=, ^=, >>=, <<=

Membership

in
not in

In [2]:

a = 10
b = 20
c = a & b
print (c)

a = 10
b = 20
c = a | b
print (c)

30

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In [4]:

# a = 10
# b = 20
# c = a ^ b
# print (c)
x = 143
key = 1000
x = x ^ key
print(x)

871

In [5]:

x = x ^ key
print(x)

143

In [6]:

x=10
y = ~x
print(y)

-11

In [7]:

x=10
y = x >> 2
print(y)

In [8]:

x=10
y = x << 3
print(y)

80

In [9]:

a = 10
b = 20
a += b # a = a + b
print(a)

30

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In [10]:

a+=1
print(a)

31

In [11]:

char = 'a'
print (char in "aeiouAEIOU")

True

In [13]:

import string
print(dir(string))

['Formatter', 'Template', '_ChainMap', '__all__', '__builtins__', '__cache

d__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__s
pec__', '_re', '_sentinel_dict', '_string', 'ascii_letters', 'ascii_lowerc
ase', 'ascii_uppercase', 'capwords', 'digits', 'hexdigits', 'octdigits',
'printable', 'punctuation', 'whitespace']

In [15]:

print (string.ascii_letters)

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

In [18]:

char = 'J'
print (char in string.ascii_letters and char not in "aeiouAEIOU")

True

In [19]:

a = 10
b = 10
#checking whether both objects refer same memory
print (a is b)

True

In [20]:

print (a==b)

True

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In [21]:

print (id(a))
print(id(b))

2973664018960
2973664018960

In [22]:

l1 = [1,2,3]
l2 = [1,2,3]
print(l1 is l2)

False

In [23]:

print(l1==l2)

True

In [25]:

#keywords or reserved words

import keyword
print([Link])
print(len([Link]))
"""
['False', 'None', 'True', 'and', 'as', 'assert', 'async', 'await', 'break', 'class', 'co
'def', 'del', 'elif', 'else', 'except', 'finally', 'for', 'from', 'global', 'if', 'import
'is', 'lambda', 'nonlocal', 'not', 'or', 'pass', 'raise', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'wit

"""

['False', 'None', 'True', 'and', 'as', 'assert', 'async', 'await', 'brea

k', 'class', 'continue', 'def', 'del', 'elif', 'else', 'except', 'finall
y', 'for', 'from', 'global', 'if', 'import', 'in', 'is', 'lambda', 'nonloc
al', 'not', 'or', 'pass', 'raise', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'with', 'yiel
d']
35

In [26]:

#Numeric data types

'''
int
float
complex
'''
#string data type - str
#boolean - bool
a = 10
print(type(a)) # returns the data type of a

<class 'int'>

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In [27]:

a = "Selvam"
print(type(a))

<class 'str'>

In [28]:

a = 10.5
print(type(a))

<class 'float'>

In [29]:

age = 10
print(age.__sizeof__())

28

In [30]:

single = True
print(type(single))

<class 'bool'>

In [31]:

a = 0o10
print(a)

In [32]:

a=0O123
print(a)

83

In [33]:

a = 0x123
print(a)

291

In [34]:

a = 0b10100
print(a)

20

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In [35]:

b = 0O10.5
print(b)

Cell In [35], line 1

b = 0O10.5
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

In [36]:

b = 10.5e5
print(b)

1050000.0

In [37]:

b = 10.5e-5
print(b)

0.000105

In [38]:

salary = 994_31_15_155
print(salary)

9943115155

In [39]:

data = 10+20j
print(type(data))

<class 'complex'>

In [40]:

print([Link])
print([Link])

10.0
20.0

In [41]:

data1 = 10j
print([Link])
print([Link])

0.0
10.0

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In [42]:

"""
string -> sequence characters
it should be enclosed within single or double or triple quotes
character of string can be extracted using its index. The index starts from 0
Python string supports negative indexing that means reverse index. the reverse index sta
substring of string can be extracted using slicing
string can be repeated using repetition operator (*)
"""
string1 = 'Murugan looks handsome'
print(string1)

Murugan looks handsome

In [43]:

string1 = 'Murugan looks "handsome"'

print(string1)

Murugan looks "handsome"

In [44]:

string1 = '''Murugan's friend looks sooo "handsome"'''

print(string1)

Murugan's friend looks sooo "handsome"

In [46]:

aboutRaja = """He is sooo brilliant. He is very good coder.

He is very very talented"""
print(aboutRaja)

He is sooo brilliant. He is very good coder.

He is very very talented

In [47]:

name = "Prabhakaran"
#printing last character of name
print(name[-1])

In [48]:

"""
slicing syntax
[<start_index>:<end_index>:<step_index>]
"""
print(name[:])

Prabhakaran

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In [50]:

print(name[:6])

Prabha

In [51]:

print(name[-5:])

karan

In [52]:

print(name[1:7])

rabhak

In [53]:

print(name[::-1]) #reverse string

narakahbarP

In [60]:

print(name[:-6:-1])

narak

In [61]:

print(name[-5:]::-1)

Cell In [61], line 1

print(name[-5:]::-1)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

In [63]:

print ((name+"\n") * 10)

Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran

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In [66]:

"""
list
It is mutal
collection of different elements enclosed with []
It maintain the sequence
It allows duplicated elements
Particular element can be extracted using its index. The index starts from 0.
It supports reverse indexing
sublist can be extracted using slicing
+ can be used to concatenate two list
* can be used to repeat N times

"""
l1 = ["Prabhakaran", "Male", 120000, True]
tinylist = ["Aasai" , "Jay"]
print(l1)

['Prabhakaran', 'Male', 120000, True]

In [67]:

print(l1)
print(l1[0])
print(l1[-1])
print(l1[:3])
print(l1[::2]) #print alternative elements
print(l1+tinylist)
print(tinylist * 5)

['Prabhakaran', 'Male', 120000, True]

Prabhakaran
True
['Prabhakaran', 'Male', 120000]
['Prabhakaran', 120000]
['Prabhakaran', 'Male', 120000, True, 'Aasai', 'Jay']
['Aasai', 'Jay', 'Aasai', 'Jay', 'Aasai', 'Jay', 'Aasai', 'Jay', 'Aasai',
'Jay']

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In [75]:

"""
tuple
It is like list
Collection of different elements enclosed with()
difference
1. It is immutable
2. occupy less memory
3. travesal will be faster
"""
t1 = (1,2,3)
print(type(t1))
l1 = [1,2,3]
print(t1, l1)
l1[0] = 100
print(t1,l1)
# t1[0] = 200 #error
del l1[0]
print(l1)
del t1[0] # error

<class 'tuple'>
(1, 2, 3) [1, 2, 3]
(1, 2, 3) [100, 2, 3]
[2, 3]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
TypeError Traceback (most recent call las
t)
Cell In [75], line 19
17 del l1[0]
18 print(l1)
---> 19 del t1[0]

TypeError: 'tuple' object doesn't support item deletion

In [76]:

l1 =[1,2,3] #list
t1 =(1,2,3) #tuple
print (l1.__sizeof__(), t1.__sizeof__())

72 48

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In [77]:

"""
input function
input()
syntax:
input(<prompt>)
"""
name = input()

Aasaithambi Jay

In [78]:

print(name)

Aasaithambi Jay

In [79]:

age = input("Enter your age :")

Enter your age :16

In [80]:

print(age)

16

In [83]:

"""
output function
print()
syntax:
print(*obj, sep=' ', end='\n', file=sys.)
where
*obj --> variable length objects

"""
print("Selvam")
print("Prabhakaran","is very","active in the class", sep="-")
print("Raja",120000,"Software Engineer", sep=",")

Selvam
Prabhakaran-is very-active in the class
Raja,120000,Software Engineer

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In [84]:

print("Selvam")
print("Prabhakaran","is very","active in the class", sep="\n")
print("Raja",120000,"Software Engineer", sep=",")

Selvam
Prabhakaran
is very
active in the class
Raja,120000,Software Engineer

In [86]:

print("You are all very active in the class",end="-")

print("You are all very good coder", end="-")
print("Coder never get tired")

You are all very active in the class-You are all very good coder-Coder nev
er get tired

In [ ]:

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