ADEL AHMED ALHAJJ

Reference

ADEL AHMED ALHAJJ

 Python The elif Conditions

Let’s create an application in Python to calculate percentage and

grade according to percentage of marks of three subjects. Use
Python if-elif-else ladder statement.

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Python The elif Conditions

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Python The elif Conditions

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Python The elif Conditions

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 Python The elif Conditions

Write a program that reads the sides of a triangle (L1, L2, L3)
and then:
a. Prints the word "Equilateral" in the case of equal sides
(L1 = L2 and L1 = L3 and L2 = L3)
b. Prints the word "Isosceles" in the case of two equal sides
(L1 = L2 or L1 = L3 or L2 = L3)
c. Prints the word "Scalene" in the case of all sides being
different
(L1 ≠ L2 and L1 ≠ L3 and L2 ≠ L3)

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 Python The elif Conditions

Write a program that checks the input from the user :

a. Prints the phrase "You entered a digit" if the input is a digit
(from 0 to 9)
b. Prints the phrase "You entered an uppercase letter" if the input
is an uppercase letter (from A to Z)
c. Prints the phrase "You entered a lowercase letter" if the input is
a lowercase letter (from a to z)
d. Prints the phrase "That is not a digit or a letter" if the input is
none of the above

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 Python match .. Case

In Python, the match...case statement allows us to execute a block of

code among many alternatives.

The match...case evaluates a given expression and based on the evaluated

value, it executes the certain associated statement(s).

It was first introduced in Python 3.10 which is similar to

the switch...case statement in other programming languages.

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Python match .. Case

match expression :

case 1:

block of case 1

case 2:

block of case 2

case 3:

block of case 3

case _:

block of default case

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Python match .. Case

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Python match .. Case

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Python match .. Case

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Python match .. Case with OR

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Python match .. Case with IF

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Python match .. Case with OR and IF

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Python match .. Case with OR and IF

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 Python match .. Case with OR and IF

1- Write a program to display the days of the week. When entering 1, it

prints "Sat"; when entering 2, it prints "Sun", and so on ?

2- Write a program to display the name of the month when entering the

month number (e.g., 1 for January) ?

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Python match .. Case with OR and IF

(3x − 7)if ( x = −5) 

 2 
y= (5 x )if ( x = 2)or ( x = 5) 
( x − 4 x 3 )if ( x = −4)or ( x = 4)
 

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 Python Data Type

Python List Data Type

List is an ordered collection of similar or different types of items separated by

commas and enclosed within brackets [ ].

‫القائمة عبارة عن مجموعة مرتبة من أنواع متشابهة أو مختلفة من العناصر مفصولة بفواصل ومحاطة‬
.][ ‫بأقواس‬

.‫وهي عبارة عن مصفوفة حجمها غير ثابت و يمكنها تخزين قيم من مختلف األنواع في وقت واحد‬

A = [ ]

B = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

C = ['Mhamad', 'Samer', 'Abdullah']

D = [1, 'two', 'three', 4]

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 Python Data Type

Create a Python List

We create a list by placing elements inside square brackets [], separated by

commas. For example,

# a list of three elements

ages = [19, 26, 29]

print(ages)

# Output: [19, 26, 29]

# a list containing strings and numbers

student =['Jack', 32, 'Computer’,12]

print(student) 21
 Python Data Type

Accessing Elements of a List

To access any element in a list, whether to retrieve its value or change it,

we use the index number of that element.

In Python, you can access elements in a list in two ways:

From left to right (forward indexing):

If you want to access the elements of the list from left to right, i.e.,

starting from the first element entered, then the index of the first element

will be 0, the second element will be 1, and so on.

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 Python Data Type

Accessing Elements of a List

From right to left (reverse/negative indexing):

If you want to access the elements of the list from right to left, i.e.,

starting from the last element entered, then the index of the last element

will be -1, the second last will be -2, and so on.

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 Python Data Type

Access List Elements

each element in a list is associated with a number, known as an index.

The index of first item is 0, the index of second item is 1, and so on.

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 Python Data Type

Access List Elements

languages = ['Python', 'Swift', 'C++’]

# Access the first element

print(languages [ 0 ] ) # Python

# Access the third element

print(languages [ 2 ] ) # C++

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 Python Data Type

Access List Elements

Python also supports languages = ['Python', 'Swift', 'C++’]

negative indexing. The index # Access the first element

of the last element is -1,
print(languages [ -1 ] ) # C++
the second-last element is -
2, and so on. # Access the third element

print(languages [ -3 ] ) # Python

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Python Data Type

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 Python Data Type

list ‫الوصول لعناصر الـ‬

names = ['Rami', 'Sara', 'Nada', 'Mhamad', 'Salem']

print(names [ 0 ] )
print(names [ 1 ] )

names = ['Rami', 'Sara', 'Nada', 'Mhamad', 'Salem']

print(names [ -1 ] )
print(names [ -2 ] )

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 Python Data Type

Deleting Elements from a List Using

arr = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
the del Statement del arr[0]

The del statement is used to delete the del arr[1]

print(arr)
entire list from memory or to delete

specific elements from it.

When you delete an element from a list

using the del statement, the Python

interpreter rearranges its elements and

updates the index number of each

element. 29
Python Data Type

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 Python Data Type

arr = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

del arr[0 : 3]
print(arr)

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 Python Data Type

arr1 = [1, 2, 3]
arr2 = [4, 5, 6 arr = ['python'] * 3

arr3 = arr1 + arr2 print(arr)

print(arr3)

arr = ['Mhamad', ‘ali', ‘adel', 'Sara']

x = ‘adel’
print(‘Is adel in the?')
print(x in arr)
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Python Data Type

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Python Data Type append( ) ,insert( ) ,extend( )

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 Python Data Type

Change List Items

We can change the items of a list by assigning new values using

the = operator. For example,

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 Python Data Type

Python Tuple Data Type

A tuple is similar to the list in many ways. Like lists, tuples also contain the

collection of the items of different data types. The items of the tuple are

separated with a comma (,) and enclosed in parentheses ().

A tuple is a read-only data structure as we can't modify the size and value of

the items of a tuple.

languages = ('Arabic', 'French', 'English', 'Spanish')

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 ‫‪Python Data Type‬‬

‫‪Python Tuple Data Type‬‬

‫)‪A = (10,‬‬
‫)‪print(A‬‬

‫وضع فاصلة بعد القيمة ‪ 10‬هنا يعتبر أمر إجباري حتى يفهم مترجم بايثون أنك تنوي‬

‫تعريف ‪ tuple‬و ليس متغير عادي قيمته ‪.10‬‬

‫طريقة الوصول لعناصر ال ‪ tuple‬نفس ما تم شرحه في ‪List‬‬

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Python Data Type

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 Python Data Type

Python Set Data Type

A Set is an array with no fixed size, whose values are immutable (unchangeable),
and it can store values of different data types at the same time.

You cannot directly modify or delete its values. Also, it cannot contain duplicate
values. If you add the same value twice, only one value will be stored, not two.

In Python, we use curly braces { } to define a one-dimensional array with no fixed

size and whose values are immutable (unchangeable).

In Sets, data is stored randomly and not in the order in which it was entered. The
reason is that in this type of array, no index number is assigned to each element.

For this reason, you also cannot directly access a specific element in a Set because
it simply does not have an index number.

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Python Data Type

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 Python Data Type

Python Dictionary Data Type

Python Dictionary Data Type

The idea of a Dictionary is to assign a key to each value. This way, you can
access the value of each element through its specific key.

So, a Dictionary is a table in which you store data in the form

of keys and values.

As for the data types stored inside a Dictionary, you can store keys and values
of any type you want.

In Python, we use curly braces {} to define a Dictionary.

d = { 1: 'One', 2: 'Tow', 3: 'Three', 4: 'Four', 5: 'Five‘ }

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 Python Data Type

Python Dictionary Data Type

# creating a dictionary
country_capitals = {
"Germany": "Berlin",
"Canada": "Ottawa",
"England": "London"
}
# printing the dictionary
print(country_capitals)

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Python Data Type

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Python Data Type

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 Python Operators >> Membership Test Operators
The in Operator

The in operator is used to check whether a collection (such as a list, tuple,

set, or dictionary) contains a specific value or not.

If there is an element in the collection that has the same value being
searched for, it returns True.

If there is no element in the collection that has the same value being
searched for, it returns False.

Function Example in Python

in [Link](a,b) nums = [1,2,3,4,5] 1 in nums True 10 in nums False
import operator [Link](nums, 2) True
not in not [Link](a,b) nums = [1,2,3,4,5] 1 not in nums False 10 not in nums True
import operator not [Link](nums, 2) False

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 Python Operators >> Membership Test Operators
The not in Operator

The not in operator is used to check whether a collection does not contain a
specific value.

If there is no element in the collection that has the same value being
searched for, it returns True.

If there is an element in the collection that has the same value being
searched for, it returns False.

Function Example in Python

in [Link](a,b) nums = [1,2,3,4,5] 1 in nums True 10 in nums False
import operator [Link](nums, 2) True
not in not [Link](a,b) nums = [1,2,3,4,5] 1 not in nums False 10 not in nums True
import operator not [Link](nums, 2) False

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Python Operators >> Membership Test Operators

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 Function Range( )

start is the index of the list where slicing starts.

stop is the index of the list where slicing ends.

step allows you to select nth item within the range start to stop.

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 Function Range( )

Python range() function generates the immutable sequence of

numbers starting from the given start integer to the stop integer.

The range() is a built-in function that returns a range object that

consists series of integer numbers,

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 Function Range( )

Note: As you can see in the output, We got six integers starting from 0

to 5. If you notice, range() didn’t include 6 in its result because it

generates numbers up to the stop number but never includes the stop

number in its result.

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Function Range (Start , Stop)

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Function Range (Start , Stop , Step )

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