001 Introduction
001 Introduction
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
Chennai is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu was known as Madras
until 1996.
Chennai was a popular trading centre for spices and clothes for more than 2000
years. In 1639 the British East India Company established a settlement in the fishing
village of Madraspattinam. The Britishers constructed Fort St. George and George
Town grew in the area of Fort and neighbouring villages. The town ultimately became
the oldest Municipality of India in 1668.
The City is divided into four broad regions: North, Central, South and West. North
Madras is primarily an industrial area. South Madras and West Madras, previously
mostly residential, are fast becoming commercial, home to a growing number of
information technology firms, financial companies and call centres.
Chennai, located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal, it is the biggest
industrial and commercial centre of South India, and a major cultural, economic and
educational centre. It is also known for its automobile industry.
The Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) has population of about 89 lakh (Census 2011)
which generates about 11 million daily trips including about 6 million vehicular trips.
Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL) carried out a Feasibility Report for Phase-II
Corridors in 2015. The following corridors with total length of 88.9 km have been
proposed in Feasibility Study:
As per Census 2011, the population of CMA and City area is 89.17 Lakh & 46.81 Lakh
respectively. CMA and City area have registered an annual growth rate of 2.39% &
0.75% in the last decade from 2001-11. The population growth of City and CMA is
shown in Table 1.1 and Figure 1.1. The area of Chennai Metropolitan is shown in
Figure 1.2.
The City has regional connectivity with other major cities with National Highways and
major roads. City level transportation demands are catered by Metropolitan
Transport Corporation buses (MTC), Phase-I Metro Rail System (Partly under
operation and implementation), Commuter Rail System including elevated MRTS.
Road Network
The CMA has approximately 1,320 km of major roads over an area of 1189 sq. km.
The city has more or less a radial circumferential arrangement of road network. The
radial pattern road network converges at George Town. Chennai is connected to
other cities by four major National Highways (NH) that originate in the City.
The City is expanding quickly along the old Mahabalipuram Road and the Grand
Southern Trunk Road (GST Road) in the South and towards Ambattur, Koyambedu,
Sriperumbudur in the west.
The Metropolitan Transport Corporation operates 845 routes with a fleet of 3,531
buses (as on April 30th 2016, Source: MTC). During peak hours, the buses operate
with crushed capacity indicating substantial overcrowding. The MTC covers most of
the CMA and even covers up to 50 km to places beyond CMA limit.
The Chennai Metro Phase-I had two corridors with a total length of 45.1 km.
However, an additional 9 km has been approved for extension in Corridor 1 from
Washermanpet to Thiruvottiyur.
The commuter rail system in CMA, operated by the Southern Railways, consists of
following three broad gauge lines:
Besides, a Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) operates on Chennai Beach - Velachery
section for a length of about 20 km. The linkage network map of the city is presented
in Figure 1.3.
As per Chennai Second Master Plan – 2026, the projected population for the Chennai
Metropolitan Area (CMA) and City would be 125.82 lakhs and 58.55 lakhs respectively
in the year 2026. The existing traffic congestion on major roads necessitating an
expansion of metro system is shown in Figures 1.5 & 1.6. Hence there is a need for
expansion of mass transit corridor in order to meet the future traffic demand. There
is a case for considering expansion of Mass Transit options. Nationally and globally it
is seen that the metro network expands progressively to cover entire city. Hence, it is
essential that in Chennai also, such expansion of Metrorail network is taken up in
time, so that before fully commissioning the Phase-I covering 45 Km, Phase II
construction can be commenced.
With a view of developing effective and efficient mass transit system in addition to
the existing public transportation and Phase-I Metro rail system, the Government of
Tamil Nadu has decided to implement 3 corridors as a part of Phase-II Metro rail
network and engaged RITES Ltd. to prepare a Detailed Project Report for Chennai
Metro Rail Phase-II Corridors.
The Feasibility Report, 2015 for Phase-II corridors submitted by CDM Smith Pvt Ltd in
July 2015 has been made available to RITES. The Phase-II corridors (Figure 1.6) as per
Feasibility Report are presented below:
DPR is now prepared for the corridors shown in Figure 1.7 as decided by CMRL
following site inspections.
FIGURE 1.6: METRO CORRIDORS FOR CHENNAI METRO PHASE-II AS PER FEASIBILITY REPORT
FIGURE 1.7: FINALISED METRO CORRIDORS FOR CHENNAI METRO PHASE-II FOR DPR
3. To collect data about the existing underground/overhead utilities along the alignment
from various agencies and identify such utilities likely to be affected permanently
requiring diversion or temporarily during construction.
5. Identify locations for car maintenance depot(s) and concept Plan for the rolling stock
Maintenance Depot.
6. Ascertain land acquisition requirements for the project. Govt. and Private Lands
should be identified separately. R&R requirements based on State Government policy
and as per new LA Act to be determined.
7. To review the impact of proposed road improvement works along the alignment and
recommended changes, if any needed for proper integration.
8. Recommend the final alignment for the corridor after considering all aspects.
9. To prepare preliminary structural design for the viaduct as per standards of loading
specified by Client, Consultants will however review and recommend if any changes
are considered appropriate. Design should be in sufficient details to ascertain its
adequacy and to estimate the cost reasonable accurate.
(ii) Stations
To identify station locations taking into account catchment area, adequacy of R.O.W,
feasibility of entry/exit facilities, availability of parking areas, air funnel locations of
stations in the vicinity of the airport and any other factor having impact on
constructability and functioning of the station.
January 2017 Page 1-12
Detailed Project Report for Chennai Metro Rail Phase-II Corridors
DRAFT DETAILED PROJECT REPORT Chapter 1: Introduction
(v) Signaling
Consultants shall propose suitable signaling system i.e. CBTC to serve the Train
operation Plan effectively. The recommended system has to be cost-effective.
(vii) Communication
Consultant shall recommend appropriate Communication System to serve all the
operational requirements of the system.
SN Deliverable
1 Submission and Approval of Inception Report
2 Submission and Approval of Topographic and Geo Technical Survey Report
Submission and Approval of Corridor Alignment, Station and Depot Layout
3
Plan covering Corridor 1, Corridor 2, Corridor 3, Depot 1 & Depot 2
Submission and Approval of Land Acquisition and Utilities Inventory Report
4
covering Corridor 1, Corridor 2, Corridor 3, Depot 1 & Depot 2
Submission and Approval of Environmental & Social Impact Assessment
5
Report
6 Submission and Approval of Draft Detailed Project Report
7 Submission and Approval of Draft Detailed Project Report
TABLE 1.4: PROPOSED LANDUSE AS PER CHENNAI SECOND MASTER PLAN 2026
Chennai City Rest of CMA
SN Landuse
Extent (ha) % Extent (ha) %
1 Primary Residential use zone 5916.35 33.6% 31090.68 30.7%
2 Mixed Residential use zone 2426.9 13.8% 13503.1 13.3%
3 Commercial use zone 714.24 4.1% 880.35 0.9%
4 Institutional use zone 2868.97 16.3% 3888.85 3.8%
5 Industrial use zone 691.83 3.9% 7274.33 7.2%
6 Special and haxardous Industrial use zone 130.67 0.7% 3416.08 3.4%
7 Open Space & Recreational use zone 1000.65 5.7% 392.86 0.4%
8 Agriculture use zone - - 7295.81 7.2%
9 Non Urban 113.31 0.6% 2332.92 2.3%
10 Urbanisable - - 2075.89 2.0%
Others (Roads, water bodies, hills, Redhills
11 3754.79 21.3% 28147.55 27.8%
catchments area, forests etc.,)
Master Plan has estimated a population of 125.82 for year 2026 and Daily person
trips of 207.60 lakh. With a modal split of 30:70 towards private and public
transportation, total public transport trips of 145.32 lakh have been estimated for
2026.
The Master Plan has also recommended medium term and long term traffic &
transport proposals for implementation within 2026 with estimated costs of Rs.
47811.9 Crore and Rs. 33998.89 Crore respectively.
A higher per capita trip rate with 1.60 is observed in 2008 as compared to 1.44 in
2005,1.28 in 1992-95, 1.14 in 1984 and 0.86 in 1971 study. The observed trip rate in
2008 is higher than the predicted trip rate (1.50) for 2011 from CTTS (1992 - 95).
FIGURE 1.8: PROPOSED LANDUSE AS PER CHENNAI SECOND MASTER PLAN 2026
Substantial decrease in the percentage of trips by public transport (bus & train) as per
house hold survey is observed viz; 31% in 2008 when compared with previous studies
that indicated 54% in 1970, 55% in 1984 and 42 % in 1992-95.
The problems of public transport remain largely unsolved and the public transport
system continues to be road based. Need has been felt to provide Mass Transit
System (such as Metro) along the congested corridors to overcome the public
transport needs.
1.6.2 Detailed Project Report for Development of Hybrid Monorail System in Chennai
A detailed project report for development for hybrid monorail system in Chennai was
undertaken for a length of 25 km comprising parts of Periyar EVR Salai and Anna
Salai. The project cost was estimated at Rs. 947 Crore and it was proposed to be
implemented over a period of 27 months.
The Study indicates that the modalities of implementing 62 km long Outer Ring Road
project as a multi-modal corridor with area development on either side to a depth of
25 metre at an approx cost of Rs. 800 Crore in the public-private-partnership mode.
A feasibility study was carried out in 2003 to select and prioritise the corridors for
Chennai Metro. The following corridors were recommended for implementation:
Corridor 1: NH-45 (Airport)- Guindy- Sardar Patel Road- Kotturpuram High road -
Cenotaph Road- Anna Salai – Gemini – Spencers - Tarapore Towers - Along Cooum
River upto Rippon building - Central Station - Broadway (Prakasam Road) – Old Jail
road - Tiruvottiyur High Road (upto Tiruvottiyur)
Corridor 2: Along Poonamallai High Road (Corporation limits) - EVR Periyar Salai -
Rajaji Road (North Beach Road) covering Koyambedu - Anna Nagar Arch - Aminjikarai
– Kilpauk Medical College – Egmore - Central-Fort- Beach
Corridor 3: Ambathur Industrial Area (Mogapair) - Ring Road - Arcort road - Panagal
Park - Theagaraya road - Eldams road - Luz Church Road - RK Mutt Road - Adyar
Bridge - Lattice Bridge Road - Tiruvanmiyur
Corridor 4: Porur – Kodambakkam (Arcot Road) - Panagal Park - Thyagaraya road -
Eldams road - Luz Church Road - Kutchery Road - Kamaraja Salai
Corridor 5: Ring Road
Corridor 6: Radhakrishnan Salai - Nugambakkam High Road- McNiccols Road –
Kilpauk Medical College.
Corridor 7: Along NH 5 Road.
1.6.5 Detailed Project Report of Chennai Metro Rail Phase-I Project Washermenpet-
Chennai Airport and Chennai fort – St. Thomas Mount, 2007
Detailed Project Report for two Phase I corridors was prepared by DMRC in year
2007. The salient features of the recommended system and engineering are
summarized below:
Standard Gauge (1435 mm); ballastless track with long welded head hardened
rails on mainline in underground and elevated stretches and in Depot except
inside the Workshops, inspection lines and washing plant lines.
750 V dc third rail traction
Scheduled speed 34 kmph, minimum headway 150 seconds, 4 car rake to be
upgraded to 6 car rake; Automatic Train Protection and Automatic Train
Supervision
Rolling Stock similar to the one adopted in Delhi.
Desirable Minimum horizontal radius: 300m in underground sections and
200m in elevated sections and 1000m at stations
Rail level 12 m below ground in tunnel and 12.5m in underground stations
Fare structure for Chennai Metro Phase-I is as shown in Table 1.4.
1.6.6 Feasibility Study for Chennai Metro Phase-II – Three Metro Corridors, 2015
The feasibility study was submitted by CDM Smith India Pvt Ltd. in July 2015 to
analyse feasibility for the three proposed metro rail corridor under Phase-II.
Study area of this Report was CMA covering the City Corporation Area, adjoining ULBs
and villages which are part of Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) with a total area of
1189 [Link]. and population of 89.17 lakh as per Census 2011.
As per the feasibility study, the following corridors with total length of 88.9 km have
been proposed. The corridors are depicted in Figure 1.4.
1.7 MILESTONES
SN Milestone Date
1 Contract Agreement signed for Corridor length 76 km 18.09.15
2 Approval Inception Report 20.10.15
SN Milestone Date
3 Topographic survey agencies approved 31.10.15
4 Discussion with DP/CMRL on corridors 5.11.15
5 First set of clarifications on corridors received 27.11.15
6 Preparatory topographic survey commenced and suspended between 17.11.15
and 17.12.15
7 Heavy rainfall and floods 10.11.15 to 20.12.15
8 Geotechnical survey agencies approved 17.12.15
9 Joint site inspection with MD/CMRL. Identification of corridor 22.12.15 and 25.12.15
and station locations from Madhavaram Depot to KMC via
Perambur, Purusawalkamon Corridor 3, Lighthouse to Grain
Market on Corridor 4 and Madhavaram to Maduravoyal on
Corridor 5
10 Joint site inspection with MD/CMRL. Identification of corridor 15.01.16
and station locations from KMC to SIPCOT via Gemini, 1000
Lights, Government Hospital, TIDEL Park, Tharamani Link Road
on Corridor 3
and Madhavaram, Thappalpetti, Kumarannagar, Retteri,
Villivakkam, Annanagar, Collector nagar, Mogappir, Koyambedu,
CMBT, Maduravoyil, CTC, Wesley Church, Adambakkam to
Sholinganalluron Corridor 5. Options from Wesley church to
Adambakkam to be examined.
Tharamani Link Road junction to SIPCOT and Sholinganallur to
OTA to be elevated, balance corridors underground.
11 Meeting and approval: 08.02.16
Corridor 3 as on 22/25.12.15 and 15.01.16
Corridor 4 as on 22/25.12.15 with Pondy Bazar detour
Corridor 5 as on 15.01.16 connecting Wesley Church, Alandur, St
Thomas Mount and Adambakkam. Corridor upto HCL ELCOT to
be underground, rising to meet Corridor 3 elevated at
Sholinganallur.
Revenue length plus depot connections: 114 km.
13 Approval of revisions to corridors sought: 25.02.16
KMC to SIPCOT on Corridor 3
Pondy Bazar detour on Corridor 4
Wesley Church to Adambakkam on Corridor 5
14 Based on CMRL instructions, further surveys from Madhavaram 03.03.16
to Retteri, Annanagar to Maduravoyil suspended.
In addition suspended further surveys on Aynavaram to KMC ,
Gemini to Tharamani Link Road, Sholinganallur to SIPCOT on
corridor 3; Wesley Church to Adambakkam on Corridor 5;
Formal approval of corridors sought from CMRL.
15 Deviation Statement for station locations on all 3 corridors 17.03.16& 29.03.16
submitted
SN Milestone Date
16 Functional travel demand model received 18.03.16
17 Travel ridership for alternative networks submitted 30.03.16
18 Approval of corridors sought 31.03.16& 06.04.16
19 Revisions suggested by CMRL 04.04.16
Corridor 4: Lighthouse to DMS/Pondy bazar
Corridor 5: Madhavaram to Retteri along JLN Road, Annanagar
to Maduravoyil via CMBT
20 Loads and opinion on new revisions submitted. 08/12/19/20. 04.16
Revenue corridor length 103.5 km
22 FIRR for revised network, revised passenger loads and two 19.05.16
alternate fare structures submitted
23 Presentation to joint CMRL-JICA meeting 24.05.16
24 Approval of revenue length of corridors received 104.5 km: 25.05.16
Corridor 3: As in SN 9 and 10 above
Corridor 4: Lighthouse to CMBT
Corridor 5: Madhavaram to Retteri, Annanagar to Maduravoyil
as in SN 19, balance as in SN 10/11
29 Topo and draft GT Survey Reports for Corridors 3 and 4 08.07.16
submitted
30 Technical Note on Travel demand review submitted 08/15.07.16
31 Station layouts sent for approval Elevated 05.07.16; UG
08.07.16
32 Presentation to joint CMRL-JICA meeting: 12/13.07.16
Apprised about Alignment and stations; Presentation made on
Systems; site visit
33 Discussion of alignment and stations on Corridors 3 and 4 13.07.16 to 16.07.16
34 Discussion on elevated and underground station layouts Elevated 13.07.16; UG
13/14/15.07.16
35 Post-discussion station layouts sent for approval Elevated 19.07.16; UG
22.07.16
37 Approval of Station layouts received Elevated 22.07.16;
38 Environmental monitoring Start 26.07.16
39 Presentation to MD CMRL: Revisions decided covering CMBT, 03.08.2016
Wheel India, Royapettah government hospitals and additional
stations
39 Revised Systems Report submitted 11.08.16
40 Meeting with MD CMRL: Elevated from Madhavaram to Retteri 17.08.16 & 18.08.16
and from Medavakkam to Sholinganallur. Additional common
station at Grain Market, land identified for elevated stabling at
SN Milestone Date
SIPCOT, etc.
41 Topo and GT Survey Reports for Corridors 3, 4 and 5 submission Topgraphic Survey
Reports in July and
Geotechnical Report
in August
42 High Power Committee Meeting 23.09.16
43 Review of Draft DPR Chapters and Revision of Depot facilities 08.11.2016
44 Discussion and revisions of Systems and Stations 17.11.2016 &
18.11.2016
45 Further Revisions to Station Underground Configuration 23.11.2016
Chapter 3: System design covering permanent way, traction system, signaling and
telecommunication, fare collection system, rolling stock and ventilation & air
conditioning systems
Chapter 11: Maintenance depot facilities, rolling stock maintenance and depot
layout
Chapter 15: Cost Estimates, Economic and Financial Analyses & funding options,
Implementation and Institutional Arrangements