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NLP Set1 Answers

The document provides an overview of various concepts in Natural Language Processing (NLP), including Best-First Parsing, thematic and semantic roles, and probabilistic language processing. It discusses techniques for encoding ambiguity, word sense ambiguity, sentence generation from logical forms, and the importance of part-of-speech tagging. Additionally, it highlights statistical methods used for ambiguity resolution in NLP.

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3 views1 page

NLP Set1 Answers

The document provides an overview of various concepts in Natural Language Processing (NLP), including Best-First Parsing, thematic and semantic roles, and probabilistic language processing. It discusses techniques for encoding ambiguity, word sense ambiguity, sentence generation from logical forms, and the importance of part-of-speech tagging. Additionally, it highlights statistical methods used for ambiguity resolution in NLP.

Uploaded by

cme23740015
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Natural Language Processing - Set 1 Answers

PART-A (2 Marks Each)


1. What is Best-First Parsing?
Best-First Parsing is a search-based parsing technique that selects and expands the most
promising parse node first according to a heuristic score or probability. It aims to find the most likely
parse efficiently.
2. Define Thematic Roles with Examples.
Thematic roles describe the relationship between a participant and an action in a sentence.
Examples: Agent: Ram kicked the ball. (Ram = Agent); Theme/Patient: Ram kicked the ball. (Ball =
Theme); Instrument: He cut the cake with a knife. (Knife = Instrument).
3. What are Semantic Roles?
Semantic roles indicate the function of entities in an event or action. Common roles: Agent, Patient,
Instrument, Location.

PART-B (7 Marks Each)


4(a) Explain Probabilistic Language Processing. (3 Marks)
Probabilistic Language Processing uses probability theory to handle ambiguity and uncertainty in
natural language. Features: Assigns probabilities to words and sentences; Selects the most likely
interpretation; Learns patterns from large text corpora. Applications: Speech Recognition, Machine
Translation, POS Tagging, Parsing. Example: For an ambiguous sentence, the interpretation with
the highest probability is chosen.
4(b) Explain Techniques for Efficient Encoding of Ambiguity. (4 Marks)
Ambiguity occurs when a sentence has multiple interpretations. Techniques: Parse Trees, Packed
Parse Forests, Feature Structures, Probabilistic Models. Advantages: Reduces storage
requirements, improves parsing efficiency, helps select the correct meaning.
5(a) Explain Word Sense Ambiguity with Examples. (3 Marks)
Word Sense Ambiguity occurs when a word has more than one meaning. Examples: Bank (river
bank/financial bank), Bat (flying animal/cricket bat). Context is used to determine the intended
meaning.
5(b) Describe the Process of Generating Sentences from Logical Form. (4 Marks)
Steps: Logical Form Creation, Content Selection, Sentence Planning, Surface Realization.
Example: Love(Ram, Sita) → Ram loves Sita. Applications: Chatbots, Machine Translation, Text
Generation Systems.
6(a) Describe Part-of-Speech Tagging and its Importance. (4 Marks)
POS Tagging is the process of assigning grammatical categories to words. Example:
The→Determiner, Boy→Noun, Plays→Verb, Cricket→Noun. Importance: Improves parsing
accuracy, machine translation, information extraction, text analysis.
6(b) Discuss Statistical Methods Used for Ambiguity Resolution in NLP. (3 Marks)
Methods: N-gram Models, Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), Bayesian Models. Advantages:
Handles uncertainty effectively, improves accuracy, learns automatically from data.

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