Engineering Graphics
CAD Question & Answer Notes
Q.1 What are the Uses / Advantages of Using CAD?
CAD (Computer Aided Design) is used for creating, modifying, analyzing, and optimizing designs.
Advantages
• High accuracy in drawing.
• Saves time and effort.
• Easy modification of designs.
• Better visualization of objects.
• Improves productivity.
• Reduces design errors.
• Easy storage and retrieval of drawings.
Q.2 Name and Explain Five Editing Commands Used in CAD.
1. Move
Used to move an object from one location to another.
2. Copy
Creates duplicate copies of selected objects.
3. Rotate
Rotates an object through a specified angle.
4. Mirror
Creates a mirror image of an object.
5. Trim
Removes unwanted portions of objects.
Q.3 Explain the Coordinate System Used in CAD.
A coordinate system is used to specify the location of points in a drawing.
1. Absolute Coordinate System
Coordinates are measured from the origin (0,0).
Example: (50, 30)
2. Relative Coordinate System
Coordinates are measured relative to the previous point.
Example: @40, 20
3. Polar Coordinate System
Location is specified using distance and angle.
Example: @50 < 30°
Q.4 Explain Methods of Drawing a Circle in CAD.
Different methods for drawing circles are:
1. Center-Radius
Specify center point and radius.
2. Center-Diameter
Specify center point and diameter.
3. Two Point Circle
Circle passing through two points.
4. Three Point Circle
Circle passing through three specified points.
5. Tangent-Tangent-Radius
Circle tangent to two objects with a specified radius.
Q.5 Explain the Dimensioning in CAD. List the Various Dimensioning Systems.
Dimensioning is the process of indicating sizes and positions of objects in a drawing.
Importance
• Provides manufacturing information.
• Ensures accuracy.
• Helps interpretation of drawings.
Dimensioning Systems
• Aligned System
• Unidirectional System
• Linear Dimension
• Angular Dimension
• Radius Dimension
• Diameter Dimension
Q.6 Explain the Geometric Modeling in CAD.
Geometric modeling is the mathematical representation of an object in a computer.
Purpose
• Create engineering models.
• Visualize products.
• Perform design analysis.
Types
• Wireframe Modeling
• Surface Modeling
• Solid Modeling
Advantages
• Accurate representation.
• Easy modification.
• Better visualization.
Q.7 Explain Wireframe Models in CAD.
A wireframe model represents an object using points, lines, and curves.
Features
• Shows edges and boundaries only.
• No surface information.
• Fast and easy to create.
Advantages
• Requires less memory.
• Simple representation.
Limitations
• Difficult to visualize complex shapes.
• Hidden surfaces are not shown.
Q.8 Explain ISO and ANSI Standards for Drawing.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
• International standard.
• Widely used worldwide.
• Uses metric units (mm).
ANSI (American National Standards Institute)
• Used mainly in the USA.
• Uses inch-based dimensions.
• Defines drawing formats and symbols.
Importance
• Uniformity in engineering drawings.
• Easy communication among engineers.
Q.9 Explain Four Drawing Commands.
1. Line
Draws straight lines between points.
2. Circle
Draws circles using different methods.
3. Arc
Draws a portion of a circle.
4. Rectangle
Creates rectangular shapes by specifying corners.
These commands are commonly used in AutoCAD.
Q.10 Explain the Solid Modeling in CAD.
Solid modeling is the representation of a complete three-dimensional object with volume and mass
properties.
Features
• Represents shape, size, and volume.
• Provides realistic visualization.
• Allows interference checking.
Advantages
• Accurate representation.
• Better visualization.
• Easy analysis and simulation.
• Suitable for manufacturing applications.
Applications
• Mechanical design
• Product development
• Engineering analysis
Q.11 Explain the Advantages of CAD over Conventional Design and its
Applications.
Advantages of CAD over Conventional Design
• Higher accuracy and precision.
• Faster drawing and design process.
• Easy modification and editing of designs.
• Better visualization through 2D and 3D models.
• Reduced design errors.
• Easy storage and retrieval of drawings.
• Increased productivity and efficiency.
Applications of CAD
• Mechanical Engineering
• Civil Engineering
• Architecture
• Electrical Engineering
• Automobile Industry
• Aerospace Industry
• Product Design and Manufacturing
Q.12 Define Computer Aided Drafting (CAD).
Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) is the use of computer software to create, modify, analyze, and
document engineering drawings and designs accurately and efficiently.
Features
• Fast drawing creation
• High accuracy
• Easy editing
• Better documentation
Q.13 Write Down the Names of Different Software Used in Design.
Software Software
• AutoCAD • Autodesk Inventor
• SolidWorks • ANSYS
• CATIA • SketchUp
• Creo (Pro/ENGINEER) • Revit
• Fusion 360 • NX (Unigraphics)
Q.14 What are the Reasons for Implementation of a CAD System?
• To improve design quality.
• To increase productivity.
• To reduce design time.
• To minimize drafting errors.
• To simplify design modifications.
• To improve communication through standard drawings.
• To reduce overall design cost.
Q.15 What are the Applications of CAD?
• Mechanical component design.
• Building and architectural design.
• Electrical circuit design.
• Automobile design.
• Aerospace engineering.
• Industrial product development.
• Machine tool design.
• Interior and structural design.
Q.16 Write Down the Benefits and Limitations of CAD.
Benefits of CAD
• High accuracy.
• Faster drafting.
• Easy editing and modification.
• Better visualization.
• Efficient storage of drawings.
• Increased productivity.
Limitations of CAD
• High initial cost.
• Requires trained operators.
• Dependence on computer systems.
• Software and hardware maintenance cost.
• Risk of data loss due to system failure.
Q.17 Write Down the Various Software Used for Drafting.
Software Software
• AutoCAD • MicroStation
• DraftSight • BricsCAD
• LibreCAD • NanoCAD
• TurboCAD • ZWCAD
These software packages are used for creating 2D and 3D engineering drawings.
Q.18 Define AutoCAD.
AutoCAD is a Computer Aided Design (CAD) software developed by Autodesk, used for creating, editing,
and analyzing 2D and 3D engineering drawings.
Features
• Accurate drafting
• 2D and 3D modeling
• Easy editing
• Layer management
• Dimensioning and annotation
Q.19 Explain the Various Steps of Design Process Using CAD.
1. Problem Identification – Define the design requirements.
2. Conceptual Design – Generate design ideas and concepts.
3. Preliminary Design – Prepare initial sketches and layouts.
4. CAD Modeling – Create detailed CAD drawings or models.
5. Analysis and Evaluation – Check performance and feasibility.
6. Design Modification – Improve the design if necessary.
7. Documentation – Prepare final drawings and specifications.
8. Manufacturing/Production – Use the design for production.
Q.20 What are the Various Components of an Engineering Drawing?
Components of Engineering Drawing
• Drawing Sheet
• Border Lines
• Title Block
• Drawing Views
• Dimension Lines
• Extension Lines
• Leader Lines
• Symbols and Notations
• Scale
• Notes and Specifications
Importance
These components help in presenting engineering information clearly, accurately, and according to
standard drawing practices.