UT-ENG-

Diss – learning
Technical Knowledge
Course

for Engine ratings

 Module (4)
Fire fighting Equipment
 Fire fighting Equipment

Learning Outcome

After completion of the module the

students will able to:

➢ Understand the muster list and

Emergency Instructions
➢ Understand Fire control plan
➢ Understand Fire classes
➢ Understand Fire doors and dampers
➢ Understand Potable fire Extinguishers
➢ Understand Fixed fire installations
Safety
Safety
 Fire fighting Equipment

- Fire is one of the main cause of

accidents onboard.

-Because of the presence of high

temperature, excess quantity of
flammable oil and other
combustible materials.

-A ship is approved to sail in

international waters only if it is
constructed as per Fire Safety
System code and carries required
Fire Fighting Appliances approved
by the concerned authority .
 Fire onboard

Fire onboard
Fire onboard Container Ship
Container ship

Fire onboard
Tanker ship
Fire Fighting
 Muster list

The crewmembers and other personal

onboard must familiarize themselves with
the muster list and Emergency
Instructions which are displayed onboard.
 Fire classes
.
Class A: Fires burning wood, paper,
upholstery and furnishings
Class B: Fire burning liquids such as
lubrication oil and fuels
Class C: Fire burning gas fuels such as
liquid petroleum gas
Class D: Fire burning combustibles material
such as magnesium and Aluminum.
Class E: Fire burning any of the above
material together with high voltage electricity
 Fire

Fire is the result of combination of

three factors:
-A substance that will burn
( Combustible Material)(fuel)
-An ignition source (Heat)
-A supply of oxygen, usually from the air
 FIRE CONTROL PLAN

➢ In all ships, general arrangement plans

shall be permanently exhibited for the
guidance of the ship’s officer.
➢ Fire plan should include particulars of
fire detection and fire alarm system,
sprinkler installations, fire extinguishing
appliances and fire exits ..

➢ A duplicate set of fire control plan shall

be permanently stored in a prominently
marked weather-tight enclosure outside
deckhouse.
 Fight the fire

To fight the fire

➢ Remove the combustible
material
➢ Remove the heat
➢ Remove the oxygen
 Fight the fire
Class A Fire: fibrous
Extinguishing Media - Water, Foam
(powder is unsuitable in special
circumstances).
The best way to extinguish a fire involving
Class A material is water, applied in the
form of a spray.

Class B Fire : oil

Extinguishing Media – Foam, powder, Co2 .
Class B fire are fires with oil and other
flammable liquids. Cutting off the available
supply of oxygen by covering the surface
with foam is considered to be the best
method for extinguishing an oil fire.
 Fight the fire

Class C Fire: Gas

Extinguishing Media- Powder, Co2 Class C
fires are gas fire, all inert gasses work by
limiting the oxygen supply to fires in
enclosed area.
Class D Fire: Metal
Class D fire are comparatively rare and
usually require special extinguishing
method and Special powder required.
Class E Fire : electrical
Extinguishing media - Co2, Powder
-Co2 gas does not conduct electricity and is
the most suitable medium for extinguishing
electrical fire.
-Powder extinguishers can also be used.
 Fire Retardant Bulkhead
-Different Class of bulkhead such Class-A,
Class-B and Class-C are used on
board ship for construction of bulkhead in
areas like accommodation, machinery
space, pump room etc.
-The main applications of such bulkhead
are to contain or restrict the spread of fire
in sensitive areas.
Bulkhead
 . Fire doors

-Fire doors are fitted in fire retardant

bulkhead.
-Fire doors in the accommodations are
self closing type doors with no hold back
arrangement.
 Fire Dampers
-Dampers are provided in the ventilation
system of cargo holds, engine room,
accommodation etc. in order to block out
excessive oxygen supply to the fire
-it is necessary that open and shut
position clearly marked for fire dampers
Fire damper
flaps

Ship Funnel flaps

 Fire Pumps

-As per regulation, a ship must have main

fire pump and an emergency power pump
of approved type and capacity.
-The location of the emergency fire
pump must be outside the space
where main fire pump is located.
Emergency
fire pump

Main fire pump

 Fire Main Piping and Valves :

-The Fire Main piping which is connected

to the main and emergency fire pump
must be of approve type and capacity.
-Isolation and relief valves must be
provided in the line to avoid over pressure
of the same.
 Fire Hose and Nozzles :

-Fire hoses with length of at least 10

meters are used in ships. Number and
diameter of the hoses are determined by
the classification society.
-Nozzle of diameters 12 m, 16 m and 19 m
used on ship are of dual purpose types-
Jet and spray mode.

Fire Hose

Jet and spray

mode nozzle
 Fire Hydrants
-Fire hoses are connected to fire hydrants
from which the water supply is controlled.
-They are made up of heat retardant
material to get least affected from the sub
zero temperatures and also to ensure that
hoses can be easily coupled with them.
 Portable Fire Extinguishers
-Portable fire extinguishers of CO2, Foam
and Dry Chemical Powder are provided in
accommodation, deck and machinery
spaces carried along with number of
spares as given by the regulation.
 Potable Extinguisher
Portable fire extinguisher (Water)
Water is the most suitable for class A fire.
Water extinguishes the fire by cooling it
below the ignition point. That means it
removes the heat side in the fire triangle.
Portable extinguisher (Foam)
Foam extinguishes the fire mainly by
cutting off the oxygen supply. Foam is
available through hoses, nozzle.

Portable extinguisher (Dry powder )

Dry powder is useful in dealing with liquid
spill fires but has no cooling effect .
Powder is suitable for electric fires as
well.
 Potable Extinguisher

Portable extinguisher (Co2 )

Co2 extinguishes the fire mainly by
cutting off oxygen supply.

Co2 gas does not conduct electricity

and is the most suitable medium for
extinguishing electrical fires and
operates on the principle of
smothering the fire by displacing the
oxygen.
 Fixed Fire extinguishing system: CO2
-CO2, Foam and water are used in this type
of system, which is installed at different
locations on the ship and is remotely
controlled from outside the space to be
protected. CO2

Sprinkler
Foam
Watermist System
 Inert Gas System
The inert gas system is provided in the oil
tankers of 20000 dwt and above and those
which are fitted with Crude oil washing.
The IG system is to protect Cargo space
from any fire hazards.
 Fire Detectors and Alarms

-Fire detection and alarm systems

are installed in Cargo area,
accommodation, deck areas, and
machinery spaces along with alarm
system to notify any outbreak of fire
or smoke at the earliest.
 Remote Shut and Stop System
.

The remote station shutdown is provided to

all fuel lines from fuel oil and diesel oil tanks
in the machinery space and which is done by
quick closing valves.
Remote stop system is also provided to stop
the machineries like fuel pumps, purifier,
ventilation fans, boiler etc. in the event of fire
in the engine room or before discharging
fixed fire fighting system in the E/R.
 EEBD (Emergency Escape Breathing
Device)
-EEBD is used to escape from a room on
fire or filled with smoke. The location and
spares of the same must be as per the
requirements given in FSS (Fire Safety
System )code.
 Fire Fighter’s Outfit or Fire man Outfit
Fire fighter’s outfit is used to fight a fire
on the ship made up of fire retardant
material of approved type.
International Shore Connection (ISC):

ISC is used to connect shore water to the

ship system to fight fire when the ship fire
pump system is not operational and is on
port, lay off or dry dock.
The size and dimensions are standard for
all the ship and at least one coupling with
gasket must be present onboard.
 Means of Escape
Escape routes and passages must be
provided at different location of the ship
along with ladders and supports leading to
a safe location.
The size and location are designed as per
the regulation.
Escape from engine
room
 Co2 gas does not conduct electricity and
is the most suitable medium for
extinguishing electrical fires
TRUE
FALSE

Foam is considered to be the best method

for extinguishing an oil fire and also can
.

use for Electrical Fire.

TRUE
FALSE

Dry powder is useful in dealing with liquid

spill fires but has no cooling effect
.

TRUE
FALSE