Statements in JAVA

Decision Making & Branching

if statement
//A java program to find if statement

import [Link].*;

class iftest

public static void main() throws IOException

int age=25;
if (age>=18)

[Link]("enterd age is major");

Output:
Entered age is major

ifelse statement
/*a java program to find if else statement*/

import [Link].*;

class ifelsetest

public static void main() throws IOException

{
int age=25;

1|P a ge
 if(age>=18)

[Link]("entered age is major");

else

[Link]("entered age is minor");

Ouput:
entered age is major

nestedifelse statement
(1)//a java program to find nestedifelse statement
import [Link].*;

class nestedifelse

public static void main() throws IOException

{

double n1=-1.0, n2=4.5, n3=-5.3, largestnumber;

if(n1>=n2)
{

if(n1>=n3)

largestnumber=n1;

else

largestnumber=n3;

2|P a ge
}

else

if(n2>=n3)

largestnumber=n2;

else

largestnumber=n3;

}
[Link]("largest is:"+largestnumber);

Output:
largest is:4.5

(2) //a java program to find nestedifelse statement

import [Link].*;

class nestedifelsetest

public static void main() throws IOException

double n1=-1.0, n2=4.5, n3=-5.3;

if(n1>=n2)

if(n1>=n3)

[Link](n1);

}
else

3|P a ge
 {

[Link](n3);

else

if(n2>=n3)

[Link](n2);

else

{
[Link](n3);

}
[Link]("largest is");

Output:
largest is:4.5

elseifladder statement
//a java program to find elseifladder statement

import [Link].*;

class elseifladdertest

public static void main() throws IOException

int number=0;

if(number>0)

4|P a ge
 [Link]("number is positive");

else if(number<0)

[Link]("number is negative");

else

[Link]("number is zero");

Output:
number is zero

switch statement
//a java program to find switch statement

import [Link].*;
class switchtest

public static void main() throws IOException

{

int a=4;

switch (a)

case 1:

[Link]("sunday");

break;

case 2:

[Link]("monday");

5|P a ge
 break;

case 3:

[Link]("tuesday");

break;

case 4:

[Link]("wednesday");

break;

case 5:

[Link]("thursday");

break;

case 6:

[Link]("friday");
break;

case 7:

[Link]("saturday");
break;

default:

[Link]("invalid input");

break;

Output:
Wednesday

Looping
for statement
//a java program to find for loop statement

import [Link].*;

6|P a ge
class fortest

public static void main() throws IOException

int i=1, f=1, n=5;

for(i=1;i<=n;i++)

f=f*i;

[Link]("the factorial value"+f);

Output:
the factorial value120

while statement
//a java prgram to find whileloop statement

import [Link].*;

class whiletest
{

public static void main() throws IOException

{
int i;

i=1;

while(i<=10)

[Link](i);

i++;

7|P a ge
Output:
1

10

dowhile statement
//a java program to find dowhileloop statement

import [Link].*;
class dowhiletest

public static void main() throws IOException

{
int i;

i=1;

do
{

[Link](i);

i++;

while(i<=10);

Output:
1

8|P a ge
2

10

break statement
//a java program to find break statement

import [Link].*;

class breaktest

public static void main() throws IOException

int i=10;

for(i=1;i<=10;i++)

{
if(i==5)

break;

[Link](i);

Output:
1

9|P a ge
3

continue statement
//a java program to find break statement

import [Link].*;

class continuetest

public static void main() throws IOException

int n=10;

for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)

if(i==5)

continue;

[Link](i);

}
}

Output:
1

10

10 | P a g e
Classes, Objects & Methods
Creating an object
import [Link].*;

class salestaxcalculator

float amount=100.0f;
float taxrate=10.2f;

public static void main()throws IOException

salestaxcalculator object1=new salestaxcalculator();

[Link]("Amount in object1:"+[Link]) ;

[Link]("Taxrate in object1:"+[Link]);

salestaxcalculator object2=new salestaxcalculator();

[Link]("Amount in object2:"+[Link]);

[Link]("Taxrate in object2:"+[Link]);

Output:
Amount in object1=100.0

Taxrate in object1=10.2
Amount in object2=100.0

Taxrate in object2=10.2

Constructor
Default constructor
//a java program to find default constructors

import [Link].*;

class Rectangle

11 | P a g e
{

int length,width;

Rectangle(int x,int y) //defining constructor

length=x;

width=y;

int rectArea()

return(length*width);

}
class RectangleArea

public static void main() throws IOException

{

Rectangle rect1=new Rectangle(15,10); //calling constructor

int area1=[Link]();

[Link]("Area1="+area1);

Output:
Enter x:15

Enter y:10

rectArea=150

parameterized constructor
//a java program to find parameterised constructor

import [Link].*;

class sum

12 | P a g e
 int length,breadth;

sum(int x,int y)

length=x;

breadth=y;

int area()

return (length*breadth);

class summation
{

public static void main(String args[])

{
sum sum1 =new sum(10,20);

sum sum2 =new sum(30,20);

int z1= [Link]();

int z2= [Link]();

[Link]("sum1="+z1);

[Link]("sum2="+z2);

}
}

Output:
Enter x:10

Enter y:30

area:300

short program for constructor

//a java program to find constructors

import [Link].*;

13 | P a g e
class Rectangle1

int length;

int width;

Rectangle1(int x,int y)

length=x;

width=y;

int rectArea()

return(length*width);
}

Output:
Enter x:2

Enter y:4

rectArea:8

Method overloading:
By changing datatype of arguments
//a java program to find method overloadng by changing datatype of arguments
import [Link].*;

class calculate

void sum(int a,int b)

[Link]("sum is:"+(a+b));

}
void sum(float a, float b)

14 | P a g e
 {

[Link]("sum is:"+(a+b));

public static void main() throws IOException

calculate cal =new calculate();

[Link](8,5);

[Link](4.6f,3.8f);

Output:
sum is:13

sum is:8.4

By changing no. of arguments

//a java program to find method overloading by changing [Link] arguments

import [Link].*;

class load

void volume(int x)

int volume=x*x*x;

[Link]("volume of cube is:"+volume);

void volume1(int r,int y)

double volume1=3.14*r*r*y;

[Link]("volume of cylinder is:"+volume1);

void volume2(int p,int q,int r)

15 | P a g e
 int volume2=p*q*r;

[Link]("volume of cuboid is:"+volume2);

public static void main() throws IOException

load object=new load();

[Link](10);

object.volume1(2,10);

object.volume2(10,10,20);

Output:
volume of cube is:1000

volume of cylinder is:125.60000000000001

volume of cuboid is:2000

Short program for method overloading

//a java program to find method overloading

import [Link].*;

class Room

float length;

float breadth;

Room(float x,float y)

length=x;

breadth=y;

Room(float x)

length=breadth=x;

16 | P a g e
 }

float area()

return (length * breadth);

Output:
Enter x=y=15

area:225

Nesting of methods
//a java program to find nesting of methods

import [Link].*;

class Nesting

{
int m,n;

Nesting(int x,int y)

m=x;
n=y;

int largest()
{

if(m>=n)

return(m);

else

return(n);

void display()

int large=largest();

17 | P a g e
 [Link]("Largest value="+large);

class NestingTest

public static void main(String args[])

Nesting nest=new Nesting(50,40);

[Link]();

Output:
Largest value=50

Inheritace
Method overriding
//a java program to find method overriding

import [Link].*;

class Super

{
int x;

Super(int x)

this.x=x;

void display() //method defined

[Link]("Super x="+x);

18 | P a g e
}

class Sub extends Super

int y;

Sub(int x, int y)

super(x);

this.y=y;

void display() //method defined again

{
[Link]("Super x=" +x);

[Link]("Sub y=" +y);

}
}

class OverrideTest

public static void main(String args[])

Sub sl= new Sub(100,200);

[Link]();
}

Output:
Super x=100

Sub y=200

Final
final variable

19 | P a g e
//a jva program to find final variable

import [Link].*;

class finalvariable

public static void main() throws IOException

final int hours=24;

[Link]("Hours in 6 days="+hours*6);

Output:
Hours in 6 days=144

final class
//a java program to find final class

import [Link].*;

class finalclass

int x,y;

class sum extends finalclass

int z;

class FinalclassDemo

public static void main(String args[])

sum sum1= new sum();

sum1.z=10;

sum1.x=5;

20 | P a g e
 sum1.y=5;

[Link]("X ="+sum1.x);

[Link]("Y ="+sum1.y);

[Link]("Z ="+sum1.z);

Output:
X=5

Y=5

Z=10

final method
//a java program to find final method

import [Link].*;

class finalmethod

final void m1()

[Link]("This is a final method.");

class FinalmethodDemo extends finalmethod

public static void main(String args[]) //void m1()

// COMPILE-ERROR! Can't override.

[Link]("Illegal!");

Output:

21 | P a g e
This is a final method

Illegal!

Abstract
abstract method
//a java program to find abstract method

import [Link].*;

//abstract parent class

abstract class Animal

//abstract method

public abstract void sound();

//Dog class extends Animal class

public class Dog extends Animal

public void sound()

[Link]("Woof");

public static void main(String args[])

{

Animal obj = new Dog();

[Link]();

abstract class
//a java program to find abstract class
import [Link].*;

abstract class square

22 | P a g e
{

abstract void draw();

class rectangle extends square

void draw()

[Link]("Draw clearly");

public static void main(String args[])

square fig= new rectangle();

[Link]();

Arrays, Strings, and Vectors

Array
1-D array
(1)first type
//a java program to find one dimensional array

import [Link].*;

class array
{

public static void main() throws IOException

int n=10;

int i=1;

for(i=1; i<=n; i++)

23 | P a g e
 {

[Link](+i);

Output:
1

10

(2)second type

//a java program to find one dimensional array

import [Link].*;

class onedimensionalarray

public static void main() throws IOException

int[] age = new int[5];

for(int i=0;i<5;i++)

[Link](age[i]);

Output:

24 | P a g e
0

(3)third type

//a java program to find one dimensional array

import [Link].*;

class onedarray

public static void main() throws IOException

{
int[] age={12,4,5,2,5};

for(int i=0;i<5;i++)

{
[Link]("Element at index"+i+":"+age[i]);

Output:
Element at index0:12

Element at index1:4

Element at index2:5

Element at index3:2

Element at index4:5

2-d array
(1)first type

//a java program to find twodimensionalarray

import [Link].*;

class twodimensionalarray

25 | P a g e
{

public static void main() throws IOException

int[][] arr ={{10,20,30},{40,50,60},{70,80,90},{11,21,31}};

[Link](" ");

int i,j;

for(i=0;i<=4;i++)

for(j=0;j<=3;j++)

[Link](" "+arr[i][j]);

}
[Link](" ");

}
}

Output:
10 20 30

40 50 60

70 80 90

11 21 31

(2) second type

//a java program to find twodimensionalarray

import [Link].*;

class twodarray

public static void main() throws IOException

//Array of size 4*3 to hold integers

int[][] values ={{10,20,30},{40,50,60},{70,80,90},{100,200,300}};

[Link](" ");

26 | P a g e
 //Nested loops to print the array in tabular form

for(int row=0;row<=4;row++)

for(int col=0;col<=3;col++)

[Link](" "+values[row][col]);

[Link](" "); //print new line

Output:
10 20 30

40 50 60

70 80 90

100 200 300

Strings
//the use of == for string comparison in java
import [Link].*;

class equalstrings

{
public static void main() throws IOException

String s1="computers";

String s2="computers";

[Link](s1+"=="+s2+":"+(s1==s2));

27 | P a g e
Output:
computers==computers:true

vector
(1)vector for add method

// Java code illustrating add() method

import [Link].*;

class Vector_Demo

{
public static void main(String args[])

// create default vector

Vector v = new Vector();

[Link](1);

[Link](2);
[Link]("java");

[Link]("programming language");

[Link](3);

[Link]("Vector is " + v);

}

Output:
1 2 java programming language 3

(2)working with vectors and arrays

import [Link].*;

class LanguageVector

{
public static void main(String args[])

Vector list = new Vector();

int length = [Link];

28 | P a g e
 for(int i=0;i<length;i++)

[Link](args[i]);

[Link]("COBOL",2);

int size=[Link]();

String listArray[]=new String[size];

[Link](listArray);

[Link]("List of Languages");

for(int i=0;i<size;i++)

[Link](listArray[i]);
}

Command line input and output are:

C:JAVA\prog>java LanguageVector Ada BASIC C++ FORTAN Java

List of Languagges

Ada

BASIC

COBOL

C++

FORTAN

Java

Wrapper classes
(1)Converting String Objects to Numeric Objects

//a java program for wrapper classes

import [Link].*;

public class WrapperExample

29 | P a g e
 public static void main(String args[])

int a=20;

Integer i= [Link](a);

Integer j=a;

[Link](a+" "+i+" "+j);

(2)Converting Primitive Numbers to Object Number using Constructor Methods

//a java program for wrapper class

import [Link].*;

public class JavaExample

{

public static void main(String args[])

{
//Converting int primitive into Integer object

int num=100;

Integer obj=[Link](num);

[Link](num+ " "+ obj);

Interfaces: Multiple Inheritance

Interfaces
Implementing Interfaces
//a java program to find interface area

import [Link].*;

interface Area //Interface defined

30 | P a g e
 final static float pi=3.14f;

float compute(float x,float y);

class Rectangle implements Area //Interface implemented

public float compute (float x,float y)

return(x*y);

class Circle implements Area //Another implementation

{
public float compute(float x,float y)

return(pi*x*x);
}

class InterfaceTest

public static void main(String args[])

Rectangle rect=new Rectangle();

Circle cir=new Circle();

Area area; //Interface object

area=rect; //Area refers to rect object

[Link]("Area of Rectangle=" +[Link](10,20));

area=cir;

[Link]("Area of Circle=" +[Link](10,0));

Output:

31 | P a g e
Area of Rectangle=200

Area of Circle=314

Implementing multiple inheritance

//a java program to find interface program

import [Link].*;

interface Area

float compute(float x,float y);

class Rectangle implements Area

public float compute(float x,float y)

return(x*y);

class Triangle implements Area

public float compute(float x,float y)

return(x*y/2);

}
}

class InterfaceArea

public static void main() throws IOException

{

Rectangle rect = new Rectangle();

Triangle tri = new Triangle();

Area area;

32 | P a g e
 area=rect;

[Link]("Area Of Rectangle="+[Link](1,2));

area=tri;

[Link]("Area Of Triangle="+[Link](10,2));

Output:
Area of Rectangle=2

Area of Triangle=10

Implementing multiple inheritance

//a java program for implementing multiple inheritance

import [Link].*;

class Student

int rollNumber;

void getNumber(int n)

rollNumber=n;

void putNumber()

[Link]("Roll no:"+rollNumber);

class Test extends Student

float part1,part2;

void getMarks(float m1,float m2)

part1=m1;

33 | P a g e
 part2=m2;

void putMarks()

[Link]("Marks obtained");

[Link]("Part1="+part1);

[Link]("Part2="+part2);

interface Sports

float sportWt=6.0F;
void putwt();

class Results extends Test implements Sports

{

float total;

public void putWt()

[Link]("Sports Wt ="+sportWt);

void display()
{

total=part1+part2+sportWt;

putNumber();

putMarks();

putWt();

[Link]("Total score="+total);

class Hybrid

34 | P a g e
{

public static void main(String args[])

Results student1=new Results();

[Link](1234);

[Link](27.5F,33.0F);

[Link]();

Output:
Roll No:1234

Marks Obtained

Part1=27.5

Part2=33

Sports Wt=6

Total score=66.5

35 | P a g e
36 | P a g e