Name:
Roll Number: Signature
CE403: Assignment 3
Time: 45 minutes | Total Marks: 25
Instructions: Show steps for numerical. State assumptions clearly if required.
A completely mixed activated sludge system treats 14,000 m3 /d. The influent BOD
concentration entering the aeration tank is 280 mg/L. The system is required to achieve
88% BOD removal. The aeration tank operates at an HRT of 5 hours, and the MLSS
concentration is maintained at 3200 mg/L . The return sludge concentration is 𝑋𝑟 =
11,000 mg/L , and effluent solids are negligible. The kinetic coefficients are:
𝜇𝑚 = 0.9 day−1 , 𝐾𝑠 = 50 mg/L , 𝑘𝑑 = 0.06 day−1 , and 𝑌 = 0.65 . Determine effluent
BOD concentration. Calculate substrate utilization rate and specific growth rate.
Determine sludge age and aeration tank volume. Determine observed yield and estimate
the mass of sludge produced daily. Calculate sludge wasting and recycling flow
rates and omment on whether the system is balanced, underloaded or overloaded.
𝑆0 = 280 mg/L,Removal = 88%
⇒ 𝑆 = 0.12 × 280 = 33.6 mg/L
5
𝜃 = 5 hr = = 0.208 d
24
𝑋 = 3200 mg/L = 3.2 kg/m3
𝑋𝑟 = 11,000 mg/L = 11 kg/m3
𝜇𝑚 = 0.9, 𝐾𝑠 = 50
𝑘𝑑 = 0.06, 𝑌 = 0.65
S=33.6 mg/L
Substrate Utilization Rate 𝑼
𝑆0 − 𝑆
𝑈=
𝜃𝑋
𝑆0 − 𝑆 = 280 − 33.6 = 246.4 mg/L
246.4 246.4
𝑈= = = 0.37 d−1
0.208 × 3200 665.6
Specific Growth Rate 𝝁
𝜇 = 𝑌 ⋅ 𝑈 = 0.65 × 0.37 = 0.241 d−1
Sludge Age 𝜽𝒄
1
𝜇= + 𝑘𝑑
𝜃𝑐
1
= 0.241 − 0.06 = 0.181
𝜃𝑐
1
𝜃𝑐 = = 5.52 days
0.181
E
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Roll Number: Signature
Aeration Tank Volume
𝑉 = 𝑄𝜃 = 14,000 × 0.208 = 2912 m3
Observed Yield
𝑌
𝑌𝑜𝑏𝑠 =
1 + 𝑘𝑑 𝜃𝑐
0.65 0.65
𝑌𝑜𝑏𝑠 = = = 0.488
1 + (0.06 × 5.52) 1.331
Sludge Production 𝑷𝒙
𝑃𝑥 = 𝑌𝑜𝑏𝑠 𝑄(𝑆0 − 𝑆)
𝑄(𝑆0 − 𝑆) = 14,000 × 0.2464 = 3449.6
𝑃𝑥 = 0.488 × 3449.6 = 1683
Sludge Wasting Flow 𝑸𝒘
𝑉𝑋
𝑄𝑤 =
𝜃𝑐 𝑋𝑟
2912 × 3.2 9318
𝑄𝑤 = = = 153.5
5.52 × 11 60.72
Return Sludge Flow 𝑸𝒓
𝑄𝑋
𝑄𝑟 = − 𝑄𝑤
𝑋𝑟
14,000 × 3200
𝑄𝑟 = − 154
11,000
= 4073 − 154 = 3919
Recycle Ratio
𝑄𝑟 3920
𝑅= = = 0.28
𝑄 14,000
Balanced system, not overloaded or underloaded.