Name:
Roll Number: Signature
CE403: Assignment 3
Time: 45 minutes | Total Marks: 25
Instructions: Show steps for numerical. State assumptions clearly if required.
A municipal wastewater treatment plant treats 17,000 m3 /dusing a completely mixed
activated sludge process. The influent BOD concentration is 𝑆0 = 260 mg/L, and the
desired effluent BOD is 25 mg/L. The system operates at a sludge age of 7 days with
MLSS concentration of 3000 mg/L . The return sludge concentration is 𝑋𝑟 =
10,000 mg/L, and effluent suspended solids may be neglected. The kinetic coefficients
are: 𝜇𝑚 = 0.85 day−1 , 𝐾𝑠 = 45 mg/L, 𝑘𝑑 = 0.055 day−1 , and 𝑌 = 0.6. Determine the
specific growth rate. Check whether the assumed effluent BOD is consistent. Calculate
hydraulic retention time and required aeration tank volume. Determine observed yield
and estimate the mass of daily sludge produced. Calculate sludge wasting and recycling
flow rates and comment on how increasing sludge age would affect sludge production
and recycle ratio.
𝑆0 = 260 mg/L, 𝑆 = 25 mg/L
𝑋 = 3000 mg/L = 3 kg/m3
𝑋𝑟 = 10,000 mg/L = 10 kg/m3
𝜃𝑐 = 7 days
𝜇𝑚 = 0.85, 𝐾𝑠 = 45
𝑘𝑑 = 0.055, 𝑌 = 0.6
Based on Monod kinetics,
μ= μm*S/(Ks + S)
0.85 × 25 21.25
𝜇= = = 0.304 d−1
45 + 25 70
Given sludge age is 7 days, which is expected to give 25 mg/L as effluent substrate.
1
𝜇= + 𝑘𝑑
𝜃𝑐
μ=(1/7)+0.055 = 0.143+0.055 = 0.198 d−1
At a given sludge age of 7 days, actual specific growth rate is less than that based on
Monod kinetics. This indicates that the effluent BOD of 25 mg/L is not achievable with
the current design.
D
Name:
Roll Number: Signature
Substrate Utilization Rate 𝑈
𝑆0 − 𝑆
𝑈=
𝜃𝑋
𝜇
𝑈=
𝑌
0.198
𝑈= = 0.33 d−1
0.6
Aeration Tank Volume
𝑉𝜇𝑋
𝑄(𝑆0 − 𝑆) =
𝑌
𝑆0 − 𝑆 = 260 − 25 = 235 mg/L = 0.235 kg/m3
𝑄(𝑆0 − 𝑆)𝑌
𝑉=
𝜇𝑋
17,000 × 0.235 × 0.6
𝑉=
0.198 × 3
V = 4040 m3
Observed Yield
𝑌
𝑌𝑜𝑏𝑠 =
1 + 𝑘𝑑 𝜃𝑐
0.6 0.6
𝑌𝑜𝑏𝑠 = = = 0.433
1 + (0.055 × 7) 1.385
Sludge Production 𝑃𝑥
𝑃𝑥 = 𝑌𝑜𝑏𝑠 𝑄(𝑆0 − 𝑆)
𝑃𝑥 = 0.433 × 17,000 × 0.235
17,000 × 0.235 = 3995
𝑃𝑥 = 0.433 × 3995 = 1730
Sludge Wasting Flow 𝑄𝑤
𝑉𝑋
𝜃𝑐 =
𝑄𝑤 𝑋𝑟
𝑉𝑋
𝑄𝑤 =
𝜃𝑐 𝑋𝑟
4036 × 3 12108
𝑄𝑤 = = = 173
7 × 10 70
D
Name:
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Return Sludge Flow 𝑸𝒓
𝑄𝑋
𝑄𝑟 = − 𝑄𝑤
𝑋𝑟
17,000 × 3000
𝑄𝑟 = − 173
10,000
= 5100 − 173 = 4927
R = 4927 / 17000 = 0.289
Higher sludge age = ~ Lower Sludge Production