Python Programming Introduction & Installation

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Installation
WEB
Go to [Link]/downloads and install the latest version

Check Python Version Run Python

python --version python [Link]

python3 --version
py --version

Basic Hello World Syntax

PYTHON FILE

print("Hello, World!")
Python Programming Variables & Data Types
Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Variables
STRING INTEGER FLOAT
name = "Harry" age = 25 price = 99.99

BOOLEAN MULTIPLE SAME VALUE

is_active = True x, y = 10, 20 a = b = c = 0

Data Types
TEXT NUMBER SEQUENCE
str int, float, complex list, tuple, range

MAPPING SET BOOLEAN

dict set, frozenset bool

Type Checking

PYTHON

x = 5
print(type(x))
print(isinstance(x, int))

Constant Naming Convention

Constant names are typically written in uppercase letters. This is a convention, not enforced!

PI = 3.14 MAX_SIZE = 100

Python Programming Operators & Type Conversion

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Operators
ARITHMETIC ASSIGNMENT COMPARISON LOGICAL
+, -, *, /, %, =, +=, -=, *=, ==, !=, >, <, >=, and, or, not
//, ** /=, %= <=

MEMBERSHIP IDENTITY
in, not in is, is not

Operator Precedence
1. PARENTHESES 2. POWER 3. MULTIPLY 4. ADD
() first ** *, /, //, % +, -

5. COMPARE 6. NOT 7. AND 8. OR

==, !=, <, >, in, not and or
is

Operator Syntax
ADD FLOOR DIV POWER EQUAL
x + y x // y x ** y x == y

LOGIC MEMBER IDENTITY

x > 10 and x < 20 "a" in "harry" x is None

Type Conversion
INTEGER (immutable) FLOAT (immutable) STRING (immutable)
int("10") float("10.5") str(100)

BOOLEAN (immutable) LIST (mutable) TUPLE (immutable)

bool(0) is False; list("abc") tuple([1, 2])
bool("False") is True
Python Programming Strings

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Create Strings
SINGLE DOUBLE MULTILINE RAW
s = 'hello' s = "hello" s = '''hello''' r"C:\new\file"

Indexing & Slicing

Assume s = "Harry"

FIRST LAST SLICE STEP

s[0] -> "H" s[-1] -> "y" s[1:4] -> "arr" s[::2] -> "Hry"

REVERSE LENGTH
s[::-1] -> "yrraH" len(s) -> 5

String Methods
Assume s = "Harry"

UPPER LOWER SPACES REPLACE

[Link]() -> [Link]() -> [Link]() -> [Link]("a",
"HARRY" "harry" "Harry" "o") -> "Horry"

SPLIT JOIN FIND

[Link]("r") -> "-".join(s) -> [Link]("r") -> 2
["Ha", "", "y"] "H-a-r-r-y"

Formatting

PYTHON

name = "Harry"
age = 25
print(f"{name} is {age}")
Python Programming Lists

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

List Syntax
CREATE MIXED EMPTY LIST
lst = [1, 2, 3] lst = [1, "a", True] lst = []

LENGTH
len(lst)

Access & Slice

FIRST/LAST RANGE REVERSE
lst[0] / lst[-1] lst[1:4] lst[::-1]

List Methods
ADD ONE ADD MANY INSERT
[Link](x) adds one [Link](items) [Link](i, x)
element

REMOVE POP CLEAR

[Link](x) removes [Link]() [Link]()
first match

SORT REVERSE
[Link]() [Link]()

Comprehension

PYTHON

squares = [x*x for x in range(5)]

evens = [x for x in nums if x % 2 == 0]
Python Programming Tuples, Sets & Dictionaries

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Tuples
CREATE ONE ITEM ACCESS
t = (1, 2, 3) t = (1,) t[0], t[-1]

UNPACK
a, b = (1, 2)

Sets
CREATE EMPTY SET ADD
s = {1, 2, 3} s = set() [Link](4)

REMOVE UNION INTERSECTION

[Link](2) # error if a | b a & b
not present
[Link](2) # safer

Dictionaries
CREATE ACCESS GET
d = {"name": "Harry"} d["name"] [Link]("age")

UPDATE KEYS ITEMS

d["age"] = 25 [Link]() [Link]()
Python Programming Conditional Statements

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

if / elif / else

PYTHON

if condition:
statement
elif another_condition:
statement
else:
statement

Comparisons
EQUAL/ NOT EQUAL GREATER/LESS GTE/LTE
x == y x > y x >= y
x != y x < y x <= y

Logical Conditions
AND/OR NOT TERNARY
x > 0 and x < 10 not is_active a if condition else b
x == 0 or x == 1

Match Case

PYTHON 3.10+

match value:
case 1:
print("one")
case _:
print("other")
Python Programming Loops

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

for Loop

PSEUDO CODE PYTHON

for item in iterable: for i in range(5):

statement print(i)

while Loop

PSEUDO CODE PYTHON

while condition: i = 0
statement while i < 5:
i += 1

Loop Tools
RANGE BREAK CONTINUE
range(start, stop, step) break continue

PASS ENUMERATE ZIP

pass enumerate(items) zip(a, b)

Loop else

PYTHON

for x in nums:
if x == target:
break
else:
print("not found")
Python Programming Functions

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Function Syntax

PYTHON

def function_name(parameters):
return value

result = function_name(arguments)

Parameters
NORMAL DEFAULT KEYWORD
def add(a, b): def greet(name="User"): greet(name="Harry")

ARGS KWARGS ANNOTATION

def f(*args): def f(**kwargs): def add(a: int) -> int:

Lambda

PYTHON

square = lambda x: x * x
print(square(5))

Scope
LOCAL GLOBAL
x inside function global x
Python Programming Exception Handling

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

try / except Full Block

PYTHON PYTHON

try: try:
risky_code() code
except Exception as e: except ValueError as e:
print(e) print(e)
else:
print("no error")
finally:
print("always runs")

Common Exceptions
VALUE TYPE INDEX
ValueError TypeError IndexError

KEY FILE ZERO DIV

KeyError FileNotFoundError ZeroDivisionError

Raise

PYTHON

if age < 0:
raise ValueError("Invalid age")
Python Programming File Handling

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Open File
READ WRITE APPEND
open("[Link]", "r") open("[Link]", "w") open("[Link]", "a")

BINARY
open("[Link]", "rb")

with Syntax

PYTHON

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

content = [Link]()

Read / Write
READ ALL READ LINE READ LINES
[Link]() [Link]() [Link]()

WRITE
[Link]("hello")
Python Programming Object Oriented Programming

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Class Syntax

PYTHON

class Person:
def __init__(self, name):
[Link] = name

def greet(self):
print([Link])

Object Syntax
CREATE ATTRIBUTE METHOD
p = Person("Harry") [Link] [Link]()

Inheritance

PYTHON

class Student(Person):
def __init__(self, name, marks):
super().__init__(name)
[Link] = marks

Special Methods
INIT STR LEN
__init__(self) __str__(self) __len__(self)

REPR
__repr__(self)
Python Programming Modules & pip

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Import Syntax
MODULE ALIAS FROM ALL
import math import numpy as from math import from module
np sqrt import *

Module Usage

PYTHON

import math
print([Link](16))

from random import randint

print(randint(1, 10))

pip Commands
INSTALL UNINSTALL LIST
pip install package pip uninstall package pip list

FREEZE UPGRADE REQUIREMENTS

pip freeze pip install -U package pip install -r
[Link]

Virtual Environment

TERMINAL

python -m venv .venv

.venv\Scripts\activate
source .venv/bin/activate
Python Programming Useful Built-in Functions

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

Data Functions
TYPE LENGTH INPUT
type(x) len(x) input("Name: ")

OUTPUT CONVERT BOOLEAN

print(x) int(), float(), str() bool(x)

Math Functions
SUM MIN MAX
sum(nums) min(nums) max(nums)

ROUND ABS POWER

round(x, 2) abs(x) pow(x, y)

Iterable Functions
RANGE ENUMERATE ZIP
range(5) enumerate(items) zip(a, b)

SORTED ANY ALL

sorted(items) any(values) all(values)

Examples

PYTHON

nums = [3, 1, 2]
print(len(nums))
print(sorted(nums))
print(sum(nums))
Python Programming Useful Built-in Functions

Cheatsheet by CodeWithHarry

USEFUL BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS

Python provides many built-in functions for common tasks.

print() len() type()

Display output Get length Get type

range() sum() min()/max()

Generate sequence Sum items Find min/max

sorted() enumerate() zip()

Sort items Index with items Combine iterables

map() filter() any()/all()

Apply function Filter items Test conditions

nums = [1, 2, 3]
print(sum(nums))
print(list(enumerate(nums)))
print(list(map(str, nums)))