Science hhw

Q1. Food Chain Worksheet

(i) Food Chain Diagram
A food chain shows how living things get their food.
Here is the correct order of who eats whom:

Grass (Producer) $\rightarrow$ Grasshopper

(Herbivore) $\rightarrow$ Frog (Carnivore)
$\rightarrow$ Snake (Carnivore) $\rightarrow$ Eagle
(Top Predator)

(ii) What will happen if frogs disappear?

If frogs disappear from this food chain, it will disturb
the entire ecosystem in two main ways:

1.​The Grasshopper population will increase rapidly

because there will be no frogs left to eat them. Too
many grasshoppers will eat up all the grass,
destroying the green cover.
2.​The Snake population will decrease because they
will lose their main source of food (frogs) and may
starve or have to compete for other food.

Q2. Components of a Forest Ecosystem

An ecosystem is made up of living (biotic) and
non-living (abiotic) parts interacting with each other.

Living (Biotic) Non-Living (Abiotic)

Components Components

1. Trees and Plants (like 1. Soil (provides nutrients

Teak, Neem, ferns) and anchors plants)
2. Animals and Insects 2. Water (from streams and
(like Deer, Tigers, Birds) rain, essential for life)

Q3. Plant Adaptations

(i) Cactus (Desert Habitat)
●​ Leaves modified into spines: The leaves are
reduced to sharp spines. This prevents water loss
through transpiration and protects the plant from
being eaten by animals.
●​ Thick, fleshy green stem: The stem performs
photosynthesis instead of leaves. It is covered with
a thick waxy layer that retains moisture and stores
water inside.

(ii) Pine Tree (Mountain Habitat)

●​ Cone-shaped structure: The trees are naturally
shaped like a cone with sloping branches. This
allows heavy snow and rainwater to slide off easily
without breaking the branches.
●​ Needle-like leaves: The leaves are thin and
needle-shaped. This design helps them lose very
little water and withstand cold, piercing winds.

Q4. Rainwater Harvesting System

Diagram Concept
How it Helps the Environment
Rainwater harvesting is the process of collecting and
storing rainwater from rooftops for future use instead
of letting it run off. It helps the environment because:
 ●​ Conserves Water: It saves freshwater that can be
used for gardening, washing, and cleaning,
reducing our demand on municipal water supplies.
●​ Recharges Groundwater: If the collected water is
directed into a deep pit in the ground, it seeps
down and raises the underground water table,
ensuring a steady supply of water during dry
seasons.

Q5. Three Ways to Re-use Common Items

(i) Plastic Bottle
1.​Cut the top off to use it as a pen stand or a small
flower pot for plants.
2.​Fill it with water and use it to water plants using a
DIY drip system.
3.​Cut it into creative shapes to make colorful
wall-hanging decorations.
(ii) Clothes
1.​Convert old, soft t-shirts into cleaning rags or
dusters for the house.
2.​Stitch old jeans or dresses together to make a
durable tote bag or a doormat.
3.​Donate clothes that still fit well to people in need
or younger siblings.
(iii) Jute Bags/Items
1.​Use old jute sacks as a protective mat for keeping
flower pots to prevent muddy stains on floors.
2.​Cut and wrap jute ropes around empty tin cans to
make rustic storage containers.
3.​Place wet jute sacks over newly planted seeds to
keep the soil moist and cool.
(iv) Newspaper
 1.​Use old newspapers to cover school textbooks and
notebooks to keep them clean.
2.​Use them to cleanly wipe down glass windows and
mirrors without leaving lint behind.
3.​Fold them neatly to make paper bags for disposing
of dry kitchen waste

Q6. Plant Observation and Diversity

Observation Table

Plant Unique Feature

Name

1. Rose Woody stem with sharp thorns for

Plant protection.

2. Peepal Heart-shaped leaves with reticulate

Tree (net-like) venation.

3. Grass Long, narrow leaves with parallel

venation.

4. Money Weak stem with aerial roots that help

Plant it climb up.

5. Green leaves with jagged edges and

Hibiscus bright red flowers.

Why do plants have such diverse features?

Plants have diverse features due to adaptation.
Different plants grow in different climates and soils.
Their unique shapes of leaves, stems, and roots help
them survive, get sunlight, and protect themselves in
their specific surroundings.
Q7. Kitchen Food Components
Sorting of 15 Food Items
●​ Carbohydrates: Rice, Wheat Flour (Atta), Potato.
●​ Proteins: Moong Dal (Lentils), Paneer, Milk.
●​ Fats: Ghee, Mustard Oil, Butter, Almonds.
●​ Vitamins & Minerals: Apple, Spinach, Lemon,
Carrot, Banana.
Functions of Food Components
●​ Carbohydrates & Fats: These are energy-giving
foods. They provide fuel for our body to work, play,
and stay warm.
●​ Proteins: These are body-building foods. They help
our body grow bigger and repair injured parts.
●​ Vitamins & Minerals: These are protective foods.
They help our body fight against infections and
keep our eyes, bones, and teeth healthy.

Q8. Classification of Neighbourhood Plants

Left Half: Plant Classification
●​ Herbs (Short, green, soft stems): Mint (Pudina),
Tomato.
●​ Shrubs (Medium, woody stems branching near the
base): Rose, Lemon.
●​ Trees (Tall, thick brown trunk): Neem, Mango.
Right Half: Venation and Root System
(Note: You can paste pictures of any two plants from
above here.)

●​ Neem Tree: Reticulate venation | Taproot system

(one deep main root).
●​ Grass: Parallel venation | Fibrous root system (a
cluster of thin roots).
Q9. Animal Habitat Classification
1. Terrestrial (Land)
●​ Animals: Tiger, Camel.
●​ Reason: They live entirely on land. The tiger hunts
in forests, and the camel is adapted to walk on hot
desert sand.
2. Aquatic (Water)
●​ Animals: Dolphin.
●​ Reason: It lives completely in water and has a
streamlined body and flippers to swim.
3. Aerial (Air)
●​ Animals: Eagle.
●​ Reason: It spends most of its time flying in the sky
and has wings and light bones.
4. Amphibious / Semi-Aquatic (Both Land and Water)
●​ Animals: Frog, Turtle, Tortoise, Crocodile, Snake.
●​ Reason: They can survive or spend a significant
amount of time both on land and in water. For
example, a frog breathes through lungs on land
and through its wet skin in water.

Question 10

Day 1: The Rising Sun

●​ Observation: I noticed the sun rising earlier this morning. The sky changed
from dark blue to bright orange and pink.
●​ Sketch:
●​ Question: Why does the sky change colors during sunrise but look blue
during the day?

Day 2: Morning Dew on Leaves

 ●​ Observation: The grass and the leaves of the rose plant were wet this
morning, even though it did not rain last night.
●​ Sketch:​

●​ Question: Where does the water come from if there was no rain?

Day 3: Ants on a Mission

●​ Observation: I saw a long line of ants moving across the garden wall. They
were all following the exact same path.
●​ Sketch:
●​ Question: How do ants know which way to go without getting lost from the
group?

Day 4: Phases of the Moon

●​ Observation: Tonight, the moon looks like a thin silver crescent. Last week, it
looked much rounder.
●​ Sketch:
●​ Question: Why does the shape of the moon appear to change every few
days?

Day 5: Evaporation in a Puddle

●​ Observation: After a small spill of water on the balcony, I noticed the puddle
became much smaller after two hours of sunlight.
●​ Sketch:
●​ Question: Does the water turn into a gas, and can we see it happening?

Day 6: Plant Growth (The Money Plant)

●​ Observation: I measured the new vine on my money plant. It has grown
about 1 cm longer since I started this journal.
●​ Sketch:
●​ Question: Do plants grow faster during the day or at night?

Day 7: Shadows at Noon

●​ Observation: At 12:00 PM, I stood outside and noticed my shadow was very
short and directly under me.
●​ Sketch:
 ●​ Question: Why are shadows longer in the morning and evening but short at
midday?

Day 8: Bird Nesting Behavior

●​ Observation: A sparrow was carrying small twigs and pieces of dry grass to
the ledge of our roof to build a nest.
●​ Sketch:
●​ Question: How do birds make the nest stay together without using glue or
tape?

Day 9: Rusting of an Old Nail

●​ Observation: I found an old iron nail outside that has turned reddish-brown
and feels rough to the touch.
●​ Sketch:
●​ Question: Why does iron change color when it is left outside in the damp air?

Day 10: Touch-Me-Not Plant (Mimosa pudica)

●​ Observation: When I touched the leaves of the "Touch-me-not" plant, they
immediately folded inward and drooped.
●​ Sketch:
●​ Question: How does the plant sense my touch and move its leaves so
quickly?