The recruitment notifications cover a Common Recruitment Examination for the various power

utilities in Andhra Pradesh (APGENCO, APEPDCL, APSPDCL, APTRANSCO, and APCPDCL).

The exam pattern assigns 70 marks to the Core Engineering branch and 30 marks to the Common
Syllabus. There are no negative marks in the Computer Based Test (CBT).
1. Core Engineering Syllabus (70 Marks)
a) Electrical Branch
 Electric Circuits: Network graph, KCL, KVL, node and mesh analysis, star/delta
transformation, electromagnetic induction; mutual induction; AC fundamentals; harmonics,
transient response of DC and AC networks; sinusoidal steady state analysis, resonance, ideal
current and voltage sources, Thevenin's, Norton's, Superposition and Maximum Power
Transfer theorems, two-port networks, three-phase circuits, power measurement.
 Electrical Machines: Single-phase transformer-equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, tests,
regulation and efficiency; three-phase transformers connections, parallel operation; auto-
transformer; DC machines types, windings, generator/motor characteristics, armature reaction
and commutation, starting and speed control of motors; three-phase induction motors-
principles, types, performance characteristics, starting and speed control; single-phase
induction motors; synchronous machines performance, regulation and parallel operation of
generators, motor starting, characteristics and applications.
 Power Systems: Basic power generation concepts; transmission line models and
performance; underground cable, string insulators; corona; distribution systems; per-unit
quantities; bus impedance and admittance matrices; load flow; voltage control, power factor
correction; economic operation; symmetrical components; fault analysis; principles of over-
current, differential and distance protection; protection of alternator, transformer, transmission
lines neutral earthing, solid-state relays and digital protection; circuit breakers; system
stability concepts, swing curves and equal area criterion.
 Control Systems & Utilization: Principles of feedback; transfer function; block diagrams,
steady-state errors; Routh and Nyquist techniques; Bode plots; root loci, lag, lead and lead-lag
compensation; Heating - resistance, induction, dielectric; Welding - spot, seam and butt;
Electric traction - speed-time curves, tractive effort.
 Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers; PMMC, moving iron, dynamometer and
induction type instruments; measurement of voltage, current, power, energy and power factor,
digital voltmeters and multimeters; phase, time and frequency measurement; Q-meters;
oscilloscopes.
 Analog & Digital Electronics: Characteristics of diodes, BJT, FET; amplifiers - biasing,
equivalent circuit and frequency response; oscillators and feedback amplifiers; Combinational
and sequential logic circuits; multiplexer, Schmitt trigger, A/D and D/A converters; 8-bit
microprocessor basics, architecture, programming and interfacing.
 Power Electronics and Drives: Semiconductor power diodes, transistors, thyristors, triacs,
GTOs, MOSFETs and IGBTs - static characteristics and principles of operation, triggering
circuits, phase control rectifiers; bridge converters - fully controlled and half controlled
principles of choppers and inverters; basic concepts of adjustable speed DC and AC drives.
b) Mechanical Branch (APGENCO Specific)
 Strength of Materials: Simple stresses and strains, Hooke's law, elastic constants, stress-
strain curve of mild steel, bars of uniform strength, compound bars, temperature stresses,
stresses on oblique planes, principal stresses and strains, Mohr's stress circle, shear force and
bending moment diagrams, bending and shear stresses in beams, deflections of beams,
columns and struts, strain energy, torsion of circular shafts and springs.
 Fluid Mechanics and Machinery: Basic fluid properties, fluid static pressure measurements,
buoyancy and flotation, fluid kinematics, fluid dynamics, Euler's, Bernoulli's and Impulse
momentum equations, laminar and turbulent flows, flow and losses in pipes, bends, boundary
layer theory, compressible fluid flow, impact of jets, Hydraulic turbines and pumps, Ram,
Accumulator and intensifier.
 Material Science and Metallurgy: Structure and properties of engineering materials,
bonding in solids, imperfections in crystals and metals, structure of alloys, manufacture of
iron and steel, heat treatment, alloy steels, principles of powder metallurgy.
 Theory of Machines & Vibrations: Displacement, velocity and acceleration analysis of
plane mechanisms, dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism, gear trains, flywheels. Free
and forced vibrations, effect of damping, resonance, vibration isolation, critical speeds of
shafts.
 Design of Machine Elements: Design for static and dynamic loading, failure theories,
fatigue strength, S-N diagram, design of joints, shafts, bearings, gears, brakes, clutches,
screws, springs, cranks, piston, gyroscopes, balancing and governors.
 Heat Transfer: Modes of heat transfer, fins, heat exchangers, LMTD & NTU methods,
unsteady state heat conduction, dimensionless parameters, free and forced convective heat
transfer, thermal boundary layer, radiative heat transfer, shape factors, network analysis,
condensation and boiling.
 Thermodynamics & Applied Thermodynamics: Zeroth, first and second laws, systems and
processes, Carnot cycle, Air-standard cycles, irreversibility and availability, pure substances,
psychrometrics, Refrigeration and Air conditioning. Compressors, I.C. Engines,
performances, combustion chambers for C.I. & S.I. Engines, knocking, fuel rating,
lubrication, ignition systems.
 Turbo Machines: Working principles of gas turbines, steam turbines, Rankine's cycle,
Modified Rankine's cycle, jet propulsion and nozzles.
 Metal Cutting and Machine Tools: Mechanics of machining, cutting tools, tool geometry,
tool life wear, cutting force analysis, micro-finishing (EDM, ECM, USM), NC machines, jigs
and fixtures. Limits, fits, tolerances, metrology, lathes, drilling, shaping, planning, milling,
gear cutting, broaching and grinding.
 Foundry, Welding and Forging: Pattern, mould and core design, solidification,
runner/riser/gate design. Physics of welding, brazing, soldering, adhesive bonding. Hot and
cold working processes, forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing, shearing and bending.
 Production and Operation Management: Plant layout, material handling, production
planning and control, materials management, work studies, inspections, quality control, cost
analysis, operations research, basic concepts of CAD/CAM, inventory control.
c) Telecom / Electronics Branch
 Basics of Circuits and Network Analysis: Kirchhoff's laws, mesh and nodal analysis, circuit
theorems. One-port and two-port network functions. RC, RL & RLC circuits, transient and
steady-state analysis. Laplace transforms and applications to signal analysis. Z, Y, ABCD
parameters, poles and zeros. LP, HP, BP, and Band Stop filters; T, 𝜋 & Lattice networks,
attenuators and equalizers.
 Fourier Series & Signal Processing: Continuous and discrete Fourier transforms, z-
transforms. Convolution, correlation, and characteristics of LTI systems. Discrete-time
systems, IIR and FIR filters.
 Electronic Devices & Circuits: PN Junction, PNP/NPN transistors, biasing. Tunnel diode,
FET, UJT, SCR characteristics. CB, CE, CC transistor amplifiers analysis. RC coupled and
push-pull amplifiers, feedback, negative feedback, oscillators (including Phase Shift
Oscillator).
 Analog & Digital Electronics: Operational amplifiers, characteristics, circuit configurations,
instrumentation amplifiers. Precision rectifiers, V-to-I and I-to-V converters, active filters.
Combinational logic circuits, Boolean minimization. IC families (TTL, MOS, CMOS).
Arithmetic circuits, comparators, Schmitt triggers, timers, multivibrators. Sequential circuits
(flip-flops, counters, shift registers), S/H circuits, A/D and D/A converters. Microprocessor &
Microcontroller architectures and interfacing.
 Control Systems & Process Control: Feedback principles, signal flow graphs. Transient
response, steady-state errors. Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist criteria, Bode plots, root loci. State-
space representation. Phase and gain margin. Controllers: On-off, cascade, P, P-I, P-I-D, feed-
forward, derivative, and Fuzzy controllers. Synchro pairs, servo and step motors.
 Transmission Lines & Antennas: Transmission line equation, primary/secondary
parameters, propagation constants. Open/short-circuited lines, standing waves, reflection
coefficient, VSWR, impedance matching. Maxwell's equations, plane waves, radiation, half-
wave dipole, antenna arrays.
 Waveguides and Components: Reciprocal and non-reciprocal components, couplers, tees,
microwave sources, microwave communication, and link design.
 Communication Systems: Modulation techniques (all types), SNR, analog & digital
communication, multiplexers, demodulators, radio receivers/transmitters. Basics of Fiber
Optics and Satellite Communication Systems.
 Measurements & Industrial Instrumentation (Electronics Specific): Static/dynamic
characteristics, error/uncertainty analysis. Resistive, capacitive, inductive, and piezoelectric
transducers. Measurement of displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, torque, vibration,
shock, pressure, flow, temperature, liquid level, pH, conductivity, viscosity, and humidity.
 Electrical and Electronic Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers (R, L, C). AC & DC
current probes. Extension of instrument ranges. Q-meter, waveform analyzer, digital
voltmeters, multimeters, CRO. Serial/parallel communication, shielding, and grounding.
 Analytical, Optical Instrumentation (Electronics Specific): Mass spectrometry, UV, visible
and IR spectrometry, X-ray and nuclear radiation measurements. LEDs, lasers, photo-diodes,
photo-resistors. Interferometers in metrology.
d) Civil Branch
 Strength of Materials: Simple stresses and strains, Hooke's law, stress-strain curve for mild
steel, elastic constants, compound bars, temperature stresses, strain energy, resilience, impact
loading. SFD and BMD for cantilever and overhanging beams. Centre of gravity, moment of
inertia, bending and shear stress distributions. Pure torsion, helical springs, thin/thick
cylinders. Analysis of trusses (joints/sections). Combined direct and bending stresses,
columns, struts. Beam deflections (double integration, moment area, conjugate beam).
 Reinforced Concrete: Reinforcing materials, cement/aggregate tests, structural concrete
grades, workability, mix design. Singly/doubly reinforced beams, working stress design
(rectangular/flanged), shear bond, development length, torsion. One-way/two-way slabs.
Axially/eccentrically loaded columns, isolated/combined footings. Limit state design
concepts.
 Soil Mechanics & Foundation Engineering: Physical properties, classification,
permeability, capillarity, seepage, compaction, shear strength, earth pressure, slope stability.
Stress distribution, bearing capacity, settlement analysis, pile foundations, coffer dams,
caissons, dewatering, bracing for excavations, site investigations, Newmark charts, machine
foundations.
 Steel Structures: Steel grades, simple/compound beams, riveted/welded joints and
connections (eccentric framed/seated). Simple/compound columns, slab/gusseted bases,
grillage foundations, roof trusses. Plastic analysis: plastic bending, shape factor, theorems,
static/kinematic methods for fixed/propped cantilever beams.
 Fluid Mechanics & Machinery: Fluid properties, pressure measurement, manometers,
forces on surfaces, buoyancy, floating/submerged body stability, metacentre. Kinematics,
continuity equation, Euler's and Bernoulli's equations, impulse-momentum. Flow devices
(orifices, mouthpieces, notches, weirs), flow through pipes, open channel flow. Impact of jets
(stationary/moving, flat/curved), radial vanes, hydraulic turbines, pumps, and machinery.

2. Common Syllabus for All Branches (30 Marks)

(i) Reasoning and General Intelligence (5 Marks)
 Verbal and non-verbal reasoning.
 Semantic Analogy, Symbolic operations, Symbolic/Number Analogy, Trends, Figural
Analogy, Space Orientation.
 Semantic Classification, Venn Diagrams, Symbolic/Number Classification, Drawing
inferences, Figural Classification.
 Punched hole/pattern-folding & unfolding, Semantic Series, Figural Pattern-folding and
completion, Number Series, Embedded figures, Figural Series.
 Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, Emotional Intelligence, Word Building, Social
Intelligence, Coding and decoding, Numerical operations.
(ii) General Awareness (5-7 Marks*)
*Note: Worth 7 marks for APTRANSCO/APSPDCL/APCPDCL/APEPDCL and 5 marks for
APGENCO.
 General awareness of the environment and its application to society.
 Current events and everyday scientific observations/experience.
 History, Culture, Geography, Economic Scene, General policy, and scientific research relating
to India and its neighboring countries.
(iii) Quantitative Aptitude (5-8 Marks*)
*Note: Worth 8 marks for APTRANSCO/APGENCO/APCPDCL/APEPDCL and 5 marks for
APSPDCL.
 Computation of whole numbers, decimals, fractions, and relationships between numbers.
 Sense of order among numbers, translation from one name to another, order of magnitude.
 Estimation/prediction of outcomes, selecting operations for real-life problems, alternative
computation procedures.
 Arithmetical concepts (Standard of questions is 10 + 2 level, focusing on concepts rather
than complicated computations).
(iv) English Language and Comprehension (5-7 Marks*)
*Note: Worth 7 marks for APGENCO and 5 marks for
APTRANSCO/APCPDCL/APEPDCL/APSPDCL.
 Vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms, and correct usage.
 Spot the Error, Fill in the Blanks, Synonyms/Homonyms, Antonyms, Spellings/Detecting mis-
spelt words, Idioms & Phrases, One-word substitution.
 Improvement of Sentences, Active/Passive Voice, Direct/Indirect narration, Shuffling of
Sentence parts/passages, Cloze Passage.
 Comprehension: Two or more paragraphs (one simple story/book-based and one based on
current affairs editorials or reports) with follow-up questions.
(v) Computer Knowledge/Proficiency (5 Marks)
 Computer Basics: Organization of a computer, CPU, input/output devices, computer
memory, memory organization, backup devices, PORTS, Windows Explorer, Keyboard
shortcuts.
 Software: Windows Operating system; MS Office basics (MS Word, MS Excel, PowerPoint).
 Internet and Emails: Web Browsing & Searching, Downloading & Uploading, Managing an
E-mail Account, e-Banking.
 Networking and Cyber Security: Devices and protocols, security threats (hacking, viruses,
worms, Trojan, etc.), and preventive measures.