Python Programming Questions and Answers

(Part 1: Q1–Q20)

Questions and Answers

1. Write a Python program to read two integers and print their
sum, difference, product, and quotient.
Answer:
a = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ first ␣ integer : ␣ " ) )
b = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ second ␣ integer : ␣ " ) )

print ( " Sum ␣ = " , a + b )

print ( " Difference ␣ = " , a - b )
print ( " Product ␣ = " , a * b )

if b != 0:
print ( " Quotient ␣ = " , a / b )
else :
print ( " Division ␣ by ␣ zero ␣ not ␣ possible " )

Output:

Enter first integer: 10

Enter second integer: 4
Sum = 14
Difference = 6
Product = 40
Quotient = 2.5

2. Write a Python program to check whether a given number is

even or odd without using the modulus operator.
Answer:

1
 2

n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ a ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

if ( n // 2) * 2 == n :
print ( " Even " )
else :
print ( " Odd " )

Output:

Enter a number: 7
Odd

3. Write a Python program to find the largest of three numbers.

Answer:
a = float ( input ( " Enter ␣ first : ␣ " ) )
b = float ( input ( " Enter ␣ second : ␣ " ) )
c = float ( input ( " Enter ␣ third : ␣ " ) )

largest = a
if b > largest :
largest = b
if c > largest :
largest = c

print ( " Largest ␣ = " , largest )

Output:

Enter first: 12
Enter second: 5
Enter third: 30
Largest = 30.0

4. Write a Python program to check whether a given year is a

leap year.
Answer:
year = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ year : ␣ " ) )

if ( year % 400 == 0) or ( year % 4 == 0 and year %

100 != 0) :
 3

print ( " Leap ␣ year " )

else :
print ( " Not ␣ a ␣ leap ␣ year " )

Output:

Enter year: 2024

Leap year

5. Write a Python program to check whether a character is a

vowel or consonant.
Answer:
ch = input ( " Enter ␣ a ␣ character : ␣ " )

if len ( ch ) != 1 or not ch . isalpha () :

print ( " Invalid ␣ input " )
elif ch . lower () in " aeiou " :
print ( " Vowel " )
else :
print ( " Consonant " )

Output:

Enter a character: e
Vowel

6. Write a Python program to compute the factorial of a number

using a loop.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

if n < 0:
print ( " Factorial ␣ not ␣ defined ␣ for ␣ negative ␣
numbers " )
else :
fact = 1
for i in range (1 , n +1) :
fact *= i
print ( " Factorial ␣ = " , fact )

Output:
 4

Enter number: 5
Factorial = 120

7. Write a Python program to generate the first n Fibonacci

numbers.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )

if n <= 0:
print ( " Enter ␣ positive ␣ n " )
else :
a, b = 0, 1
for _ in range ( n ) :
print (a , end = " ␣ " )
a, b = b, a + b

Output:

Enter n: 7
0 1 1 2 3 5 8

8. Write a Python program to check whether a number is prime.

Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

if n <= 1:
print ( " Not ␣ prime " )
else :
prime = True
for i in range (2 , int ( n **0.5) +1) :
if n % i == 0:
prime = False
break
print ( " Prime " if prime else " Not ␣ prime " )

Output:

Enter number: 29
Prime
 5

9. Write a Python program to print all prime numbers between

two integers.
Answer:
start = int ( input ( " Start : ␣ " ) )
end = int ( input ( " End : ␣ " ) )

for n in range ( start , end +1) :

if n > 1:
for i in range (2 , int ( n **0.5) +1) :
if n % i == 0:
break
else :
print (n , end = " ␣ " )

Output:

Start: 10
End: 30
11 13 17 19 23 29

10. Write a Python program to reverse the digits of an integer

without converting it to a string.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )
rev = 0
temp = n

while temp != 0:
digit = temp % 10
rev = rev * 10 + digit
temp //= 10

print ( " Reversed ␣ = " , rev )

Output:

Enter number: 12340

Reversed = 4321

11. Write a Python program to check whether a number is a palin-

drome.
Answer:
 6

n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

temp = n
rev = 0

while temp != 0:
rev = rev *10 + temp %10
temp //= 10

print ( " Palindrome " if rev == n else " Not ␣ palindrome "
)

Output:

Enter number: 1221

Palindrome

12. Write a Python program to check whether a number is an

Armstrong number.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )
s = str ( n )
power = len ( s )

total = 0
for d in s :
total += int ( d ) ** power

print ( " Armstrong " if total == n else " Not ␣ Armstrong "
)

Output:

Enter number: 153

Armstrong

13. Write a Python program to compute the sum of digits of an

integer.
Answer:
 7

n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

s = 0
temp = n

while temp != 0:
s += temp % 10
temp //= 10

print ( " Sum ␣ of ␣ digits ␣ = " , s )

Output:

Enter number: 987

Sum of digits = 24

14. Write a Python program to find the GCD of two numbers

using the Euclidean algorithm.
Answer:
a = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ a : ␣ " ) )
b = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ b : ␣ " ) )

while b != 0:
a, b = b, a % b

print ( " GCD ␣ = " , a )

Output:

Enter a: 36
Enter b: 60
GCD = 12

15. Write a Python program to find the LCM of two integers.

Answer:
a = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ a : ␣ " ) )
b = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ b : ␣ " ) )

if a == 0 or b == 0:
print ( " LCM ␣ = ␣ 0 " )
else :
 8

x, y = a, b
while y != 0:
x, y = y, x % y
gcd = x
lcm = abs ( a * b ) // gcd
print ( " LCM ␣ = " , lcm )

Output:

Enter a: 12
Enter b: 18
LCM = 36

16. Write a Python program to print the multiplication table of

a number.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

for i in range (1 , 11) :

print (n , " x " , i , " = " , n * i )

Output:

Enter number: 7
7 x 1 = 7
7 x 2 = 14
...
7 x 10 = 70

17. Write a Python program to print all factors of a number.

Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

if n <= 0:
print ( " Enter ␣ positive ␣ number " )
else :
for i in range (1 , n +1) :
if n % i == 0:
print (i , end = " ␣ " )

Output:
 9

Enter number: 12
1 2 3 4 6 12

18. Write a Python program to count the number of digits in an

integer.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )
temp = abs ( n )
count = 0

if temp == 0:
count = 1
else :
while temp > 0:
temp //= 10
count += 1

print ( " Digits ␣ = " , count )

Output:

Enter number: -12345

Digits = 5

19. Write a Python program to convert a decimal number to bi-

nary without using built-in functions.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

if n == 0:
print ( " Binary ␣ = ␣ 0 " )
else :
bits = []
temp = n
while temp > 0:
bits . append ( str ( temp % 2) )
temp //= 2
bits . reverse ()
print ( " Binary ␣ = " , " " . join ( bits ) )

Output:
 10

Enter number: 13
Binary = 1101

20. Write a Python program to convert a binary string to decimal.

Answer:
b = input ( " Enter ␣ binary : ␣ " ) . strip ()

valid = all ( ch in " 01 " for ch in b )

if not valid or b == " " :

print ( " Invalid ␣ binary " )
else :
decimal = 0
for ch in b :
decimal = decimal * 2 + int ( ch )
print ( " Decimal ␣ = " , decimal )

Output:

Enter binary: 10101

Decimal = 21
Python Programming Questions and Answers
(Part 6: Q101–Q120)

Questions and Answers

1. Write a Python program to implement a menu-driven calcu-
lator using functions.
Answer:
def add (a , b ) : return a+b
def sub (a , b ) : return a-b
def mul (a , b ) : return a*b
def div (a , b ) : return a / b if b !=0 else " Error "

print ( " 1. Add ␣ 2. Sub ␣ 3. Mul ␣ 4. Div " )

ch = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ choice : ␣ " ) )
a = float ( input ( " Enter ␣ a : ␣ " ) )
b = float ( input ( " Enter ␣ b : ␣ " ) )

if ch ==1: print ( add (a , b ) )

elif ch ==2: print ( sub (a , b ) )
elif ch ==3: print ( mul (a , b ) )
elif ch ==4: print ( div (a , b ) )
else : print ( " Invalid " )

Output:

[Link] [Link] [Link] [Link]

Enter choice: 1
Enter a: 10
Enter b: 5
15

2. Write a Python program to simulate a grading system for n

students.

1
 2

Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number ␣ of ␣ students : ␣ " ) )

for i in range ( n ) :
m = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ marks : ␣ " ) )
if m >=90: g = " A "
elif m >=75: g = " B "
elif m >=60: g = " C "
else : g = " D "
print ( " Grade : " , g )

Output:

Enter number of students: 3

Enter marks: 92
Grade: A
Enter marks: 70
Grade: C
Enter marks: 55
Grade: D

3. Write a Python program to generate Pascal’s triangle up to

n rows.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )

for i in range ( n ) :
num = 1
for j in range ( i +1) :
print ( num , end = " ␣ " )
num = num * (i - j ) // ( j +1)
print ()

Output:

Enter n: 5
1
1 1
1 2 1
1 3 3 1
1 4 6 4 1
 3

4. Write a Python program to generate all permutations of a

string.
Answer:
def permute (s , ans = " " ) :
if len ( s ) ==0:
print ( ans )
else :
for i in range ( len ( s ) ) :
permute ( s [: i ]+ s [ i +1:] , ans + s [ i ])

s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

permute ( s )

Output:

Enter string: abc

abc
acb
bac
bca
cab
cba

5. Write a Python program to compute the sum of the series 1

+ 1/2² + ... + 1/n².
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
s = 0

for i in range (1 , n +1) :

s += 1/( i * i )

print ( " Sum ␣ = " , s )

Output:

Enter n: 5
Sum = 1.463611...

6. Write a Python program to print all Pythagorean triplets with

c limit.
Answer:
 4

limit = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ limit : ␣ " ) )

for a in range (1 , limit ) :

for b in range (a , limit ) :
c = ( a * a + b * b ) **0.5
if c . is_integer () and c <= limit :
print (a , b , int ( c ) )

Output:

Enter limit: 20
3 4 5
5 12 13
8 15 17

7. Write a Python program to simulate a contact book using a

dictionary.
Answer:
contacts = {}

while True :
print ( " 1. Add ␣ 2. Search ␣ 3. Update ␣ 4. Delete ␣ 5. Exit " )
ch = int ( input ( " Choice : ␣ " ) )

if ch ==1:
name = input ( " Name : ␣ " )
num = input ( " Number : ␣ " )
contacts [ name ] = num

elif ch ==2:
name = input ( " Name : ␣ " )
print ( contacts . get ( name , " Not ␣ found " ) )

elif ch ==3:
name = input ( " Name : ␣ " )
if name in contacts :
contacts [ name ] = input ( " New ␣ number : ␣ " )

elif ch ==4:
name = input ( " Name : ␣ " )
contacts . pop ( name , None )
 5

else :
break

Output:

[Link] [Link] [Link] [Link] [Link]

...

8. Write a Python program to partition a list into negative, zero,

and positive lists.
Answer:
lst = list ( map ( int , input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split () ) )

neg = [ x for x in lst if x <0]

zero = [ x for x in lst if x ==0]
pos = [ x for x in lst if x >0]

print ( neg )
print ( zero )
print ( pos )

Output:

Enter list: -3 0 5 -1 2 0
[-3, -1]
[0, 0]
[5, 2]

9. Write a Python program to perform matrix addition and mul-

tiplication.
Answer:
A = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ matrix ␣ A : ␣ " ) )
B = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ matrix ␣ B : ␣ " ) )

add = [[ A [ i ][ j ] + B [ i ][ j ] for j in range ( len ( A [0]) ) ]

for i in range ( len ( A ) ) ]

mul = [[ sum ( A [ i ][ k ]* B [ k ][ j ] for k in range ( len ( B ) ) )

for j in range ( len ( B [0]) ) ]
 6

for i in range ( len ( A ) ) ]

print ( " Addition : " , add )

print ( " Multiplication : " , mul )

Output:

Enter matrix A: [[1,2],[3,4]]

Enter matrix B: [[5,6],[7,8]]
Addition: [[6, 8], [10, 12]]
Multiplication: [[19, 22], [43, 50]]

10. Write a Python program to compute the determinant of 2×2

and 3×3 matrices.
Answer:
import numpy as np

mat = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ matrix : ␣ " ) )

det = np . linalg . det ( np . array ( mat ) )

print ( " Determinant ␣ = " , det )

Output:

Enter matrix: [[1,2],[3,4]]

Determinant = -2.0

11. Write a Python program for a number guessing game.

Answer:
import random

num = random . randint (1 , 50)

for i in range (5) :

g = int ( input ( " Guess : ␣ " ) )
if g == num :
print ( " Correct ! " )
break
elif g < num :
print ( " Too ␣ low " )
 7

else :
print ( " Too ␣ high " )
else :
print ( " Number ␣ was " , num )

Output:

Guess: 20
Too low
...

12. Write a Python program to simulate rolling two dice 1000

times and display frequency of sums.
Answer:
import random

freq = { i :0 for i in range (2 ,13) }

for _ in range (1000) :

s = random . randint (1 ,6) + random . randint (1 ,6)
freq [ s ] += 1

print ( freq )

Output:

{2: 28, 3: 55, ..., 12: 30}

13. Write a Python program to remove all elements that appear

more than once in a list.
Answer:
lst = input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split ()

result = [ x for x in lst if lst . count ( x ) ==1]

print ( result )

Output:

Enter list: a b a c d d e
[’b’, ’c’, ’e’]
 8

14. Write a Python program to group words by their length.

Answer:
words = input ( " Enter ␣ words : ␣ " ) . split ()

d = {}
for w in words :
d . setdefault ( len ( w ) , []) . append ( w )

print ( d )

Output:

Enter words: cat dog apple hi

{3: [’cat’, ’dog’], 5: [’apple’], 2: [’hi’]}

15. Write a Python program to implement a command-line to-do

list.
Answer:
todo = []

while True :
print ( " 1. Add ␣ 2. View ␣ 3. Remove ␣ 4. Exit " )
ch = int ( input ( " Choice : ␣ " ) )

if ch ==1:
todo . append ( input ( " Task : ␣ " ) )
elif ch ==2:
print ( todo )
elif ch ==3:
task = input ( " Task ␣ to ␣ remove : ␣ " )
if task in todo :
todo . remove ( task )
else :
break

Output:

[Link] [Link] [Link] [Link]

...
 9

16. Write a Python program to compress a string using run-length

encoding.
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

res = " "

i = 0
while i < len ( s ) :
count = 1
while i +1 < len ( s ) and s [ i ]== s [ i +1]:
count += 1
i += 1
res += s [ i ] + str ( count )
i += 1

print ( res )

Output:

Enter string: aaabbc

a3b2c1

17. Write a Python program to validate a password.

Answer:
import string

pwd = input ( " Enter ␣ password : ␣ " )

valid = (
len ( pwd ) >=8 and
any ( c . isupper () for c in pwd ) and
any ( c . islower () for c in pwd ) and
any ( c . isdigit () for c in pwd ) and
any ( c in string . punctuation for c in pwd )
)

print ( " Valid " if valid else " Invalid " )

Output:

Enter password: Abc@1234

Valid
 10

18. Write a Python program to validate a date in DD/MM/YYYY

format.
Answer:
d , m , y = map ( int , input ( " Enter ␣ date ␣ ( DD / MM / YYYY ) : ␣ "
) . split ( " / " ) )

valid = True

if m <1 or m >12:
valid = False
elif d <1 or d >31:
valid = False
elif m in [4 ,6 ,9 ,11] and d >30:
valid = False
elif m ==2:
leap = ( y %400==0) or ( y %4==0 and y %100!=0)
if ( leap and d >29) or ( not leap and d >28) :
valid = False

print ( " Valid " if valid else " Invalid " )

Output:

Enter date (DD/MM/YYYY): 29/02/2024

Valid

19. Write a Python program to simulate an inventory system us-

ing a dictionary.
Answer:
inv = {}

while True :
print ( " 1. Add ␣ 2. Update ␣ 3. Display ␣ 4. Exit " )
ch = int ( input ( " Choice : ␣ " ) )

if ch ==1:
item = input ( " Item : ␣ " )
qty = int ( input ( " Qty : ␣ " ) )
price = float ( input ( " Price : ␣ " ) )
inv [ item ] = [ qty , price ]
 11

elif ch ==2:
item = input ( " Item : ␣ " )
if item in inv :
inv [ item ][0] = int ( input ( " New ␣ qty : ␣ " ) )
inv [ item ][1] = float ( input ( " New ␣ price : ␣ "
))

elif ch ==3:
print ( inv )

else :
break

Output:

[Link] [Link] [Link] [Link]

...

20. Write a Python program to summarize log levels (INFO, WARN-

ING, ERROR) in a log file.
Answer:
filename = input ( " Enter ␣ log ␣ file : ␣ " )

counts = { " INFO " :0 , " WARNING " :0 , " ERROR " :0}

with open ( filename , " r " ) as f :

for line in f :
for level in counts :
if level in line :
counts [ level ] += 1

print ( counts )

Output:

{’INFO’: 12, ’WARNING’: 3, ’ERROR’: 1}

Python Programming Questions and Answers
(Part 5: Q81–Q100)

Questions and Answers

1. Write a Python program to read a text file and count the
number of lines, words, and characters.
Answer:
filename = input ( " Enter ␣ filename : ␣ " )

with open ( filename , " r " ) as f :

text = f . read ()

lines = text . count ( " \ n " ) + 1

words = len ( text . split () )
chars = len ( text )

print ( " Lines : " , lines )

print ( " Words : " , words )
print ( " Characters : " , chars )

Output:

Lines: 5
Words: 20
Characters: 110

2. Write a Python program to print only the lines from a file

that contain a given substring.
Answer:
filename = input ( " Enter ␣ filename : ␣ " )
sub = input ( " Enter ␣ substring : ␣ " )

1
 2

with open ( filename , " r " ) as f :

for line in f :
if sub in line :
print ( line , end = " " )

Output:

(Displays only matching lines)

3. Write a Python program to copy the contents of one file to

another.
Answer:
src = input ( " Source ␣ file : ␣ " )
dst = input ( " Destination ␣ file : ␣ " )

with open ( src , " r " ) as f1 , open ( dst , " w " ) as f2 :

f2 . write ( f1 . read () )

print ( " File ␣ copied . " )

Output:

File copied.

4. Write a Python program to read a file and display word fre-

quencies in sorted order.
Answer:
filename = input ( " Enter ␣ filename : ␣ " )

with open ( filename , " r " ) as f :

words = f . read () . split ()

freq = {}
for w in words :
freq [ w ] = freq . get (w , 0) + 1

for k in sorted ( freq , key = freq . get , reverse = True ) :

print (k , " : " , freq [ k ])

Output:
 3

word1 : 5
word2 : 3
word3 : 1

5. Write a Python program to append text to a file and display

the updated contents.
Answer:
filename = input ( " Enter ␣ filename : ␣ " )
text = input ( " Enter ␣ text ␣ to ␣ append : ␣ " )

with open ( filename , " a " ) as f :

f . write ( " \ n " + text )

with open ( filename , " r " ) as f :

print ( f . read () )

Output:

(Displays updated file contents)

6. Write a Python program to read a CSV file of student marks

and print the student with the highest total.
Answer:
import csv

filename = input ( " Enter ␣ CSV ␣ filename : ␣ " )

max_total = -1
top_student = " "

with open ( filename , " r " ) as f :

reader = csv . reader ( f )
for row in reader :
name = row [0]
marks = list ( map ( int , row [1:]) )
total = sum ( marks )
if total > max_total :
max_total = total
top_student = name

print ( " Top ␣ student : " , top_student , " Total : " ,

max_total )
 4

Output:

Top student: Ram Total: 275

7. Write a Python program to remove blank lines from a text

file.
Answer:
src = input ( " Source ␣ file : ␣ " )
dst = input ( " Destination ␣ file : ␣ " )

with open ( src , " r " ) as f1 , open ( dst , " w " ) as f2 :

for line in f1 :
if line . strip () :
f2 . write ( line )

print ( " Blank ␣ lines ␣ removed . " )

Output:

Blank lines removed.

8. Write a Python program to print the longest line in a file.

Answer:
filename = input ( " Enter ␣ filename : ␣ " )

with open ( filename , " r " ) as f :

lines = f . readlines ()

longest = max ( lines , key = len )

print ( " Longest ␣ line : " , longest )

print ( " Length : " , len ( longest ) )

Output:

Longest line: This is the longest line.

Length: 27

9. Write a Python program to count occurrences of a word in a

file (case-insensitive).
Answer:
 5

filename = input ( " Enter ␣ filename : ␣ " )

word = input ( " Enter ␣ word : ␣ " ) . lower ()

with open ( filename , " r " ) as f :

text = f . read () . lower ()

print ( " Count ␣ = " , text . split () . count ( word ) )

Output:

Count = 4

10. Write a Python program to merge two files line by line into a
third file.
Answer:
f1 = open ( input ( " File ␣ 1: ␣ " ) , " r " )
f2 = open ( input ( " File ␣ 2: ␣ " ) , " r " )
f3 = open ( input ( " Output ␣ file : ␣ " ) , " w " )

for a , b in zip ( f1 , f2 ) :
f3 . write ( a . strip () + " ␣ " + b )

f1 . close ()
f2 . close ()
f3 . close ()

print ( " Merged . " )

Output:

Merged.

11. Write a Python program to define a Rectangle class with area

and perimeter methods.
Answer:
class Rectangle :
def __init__ ( self , l , b ) :
self . l = l
self . b = b
 6

def area ( self ) :

return self . l * self . b

def perimeter ( self ) :

return 2 * ( self . l + self . b )

r = Rectangle (5 , 3)
print ( " Area : " , r . area () )
print ( " Perimeter : " , r . perimeter () )

Output:

Area: 15
Perimeter: 16

12. Write a Python program to define a BankAccount class with

deposit, withdraw, and display methods.
Answer:
class BankAccount :
def __init__ ( self , bal =0) :
self . bal = bal

def deposit ( self , amt ) :

self . bal += amt

def withdraw ( self , amt ) :

if amt <= self . bal :
self . bal -= amt
else :
print ( " Insufficient ␣ balance " )

def display ( self ) :

print ( " Balance : " , self . bal )

acc = BankAccount (1000)

acc . deposit (500)
acc . withdraw (300)
acc . display ()

Output:

Balance: 1200
 7

13. Write a Python program to define a Student class with total

and grade calculation.
Answer:
class Student :
def __init__ ( self , name , m1 , m2 , m3 ) :
self . name = name
self . m1 = m1
self . m2 = m2
self . m3 = m3

def total ( self ) :

return self . m1 + self . m2 + self . m3

def grade ( self ) :

avg = self . total () / 3
if avg >= 90: return " A "
elif avg >= 75: return " B "
elif avg >= 60: return " C "
else : return " D "

s = Student ( " Ram " , 85 , 90 , 80)

print ( " Total : " , s . total () )
print ( " Grade : " , s . grade () )

Output:

Total: 255
Grade: B

14. Write a Python program to implement a ComplexNumber

class with addition and subtraction.
Answer:
class Complex :
def __init__ ( self , r , i ) :
self . r = r
self . i = i

def add ( self , other ) :

return Complex ( self . r + other .r , self . i +
other . i )
 8

def sub ( self , other ) :

return Complex ( self . r - other .r , self . i -
other . i )

def __str__ ( self ) :

return f " { self . r }+{ self . i } i "

c1 = Complex (3 , 4)
c2 = Complex (1 , 2)

print ( " Sum : " , c1 . add ( c2 ) )

print ( " Difference : " , c1 . sub ( c2 ) )

Output:

Sum: 4+6i
Difference: 2+2i

15. Write a Python program to demonstrate single inheritance.

Answer:
class Person :
def __init__ ( self , name ) :
self . name = name

class Employee ( Person ) :

def __init__ ( self , name , salary ) :
super () . __init__ ( name )
self . salary = salary

e = Employee ( " Ram " , 50000)

print ( e . name , e . salary )

Output:

Ram 50000

16. Write a Python program to demonstrate method overriding

using Shape, Circle, and Rectangle classes.
Answer:
 9

class Shape :
def area ( self ) :
return 0

class Circle ( Shape ) :

def __init__ ( self , r ) :
self . r = r
def area ( self ) :
return 3.14 * self . r * self . r

class Rectangle ( Shape ) :

def __init__ ( self , l , b ) :
self . l = l
self . b = b
def area ( self ) :
return self . l * self . b

print ( " Circle ␣ area : " , Circle (5) . area () )

print ( " Rectangle ␣ area : " , Rectangle (4 , 6) . area () )

Output:

Circle area: 78.5

Rectangle area: 24

17. Write a Python program to implement a Stack class using a

list.
Answer:
class Stack :
def __init__ ( self ) :
self . s = []

def push ( self , x ) :

self . s . append ( x )

def pop ( self ) :

if self . s :
return self . s . pop ()
return " Empty "

def peek ( self ) :

 10

return self . s [ -1] if self . s else " Empty "

st = Stack ()
st . push (10)
st . push (20)
print ( st . pop () )
print ( st . peek () )

Output:

20
10

18. Write a Python program to implement a Queue class using a

list.
Answer:
class Queue :
def __init__ ( self ) :
self . q = []

def enqueue ( self , x ) :

self . q . append ( x )

def dequeue ( self ) :

if self . q :
return self . q . pop (0)
return " Empty "

qu = Queue ()
qu . enqueue (10)
qu . enqueue (20)
print ( qu . dequeue () )
print ( qu . dequeue () )

Output:

10
20

19. Write a Python program to demonstrate operator overloading

for a Vector2D class.
Answer:
 11

class Vector2D :
def __init__ ( self , x , y ) :
self . x = x
self . y = y

def __add__ ( self , other ) :

return Vector2D ( self . x + other .x , self . y +
other . y )

def __eq__ ( self , other ) :

return self . x == other . x and self . y == other
.y

def __str__ ( self ) :

return f " ({ self . x } ,{ self . y }) "

v1 = Vector2D (1 , 2)
v2 = Vector2D (3 , 4)

print ( v1 + v2 )
print ( v1 == v2 )

Output:

(4,6)
False

20. Write a Python program to implement a Library class that

manages book titles.
Answer:
class Library :
def __init__ ( self ) :
self . books = []

def add ( self , title ) :

self . books . append ( title )

def remove ( self , title ) :

if title in self . books :
self . books . remove ( title )
 12

def search ( self , title ) :

return title in self . books

lib = Library ()
lib . add ( " Python " )
lib . add ( " AI " )
print ( lib . search ( " Python " ) )
lib . remove ( " Python " )
print ( lib . search ( " Python " ) )

Output:

True
False
Python Programming Questions and Answers
(Part 4: Q61–Q80)

Questions and Answers

1. Write a Python program to create a dictionary from user in-
put (key–value pairs).
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number ␣ of ␣ pairs : ␣ " ) )
d = {}

for i in range ( n ) :
key = input ( " Key : ␣ " )
value = input ( " Value : ␣ " )
d [ key ] = value

print ( d )

Output:

Enter number of pairs: 3

Key: a
Value: 1
Key: b
Value: 2
Key: c
Value: 3
{’a’: ’1’, ’b’: ’2’, ’c’: ’3’}

2. Write a Python program to count the frequency of words in

a sentence using a dictionary.
Answer:

1
 2

s = input ( " Enter ␣ sentence : ␣ " ) . split ()

freq = {}
for w in s :
freq [ w ] = freq . get (w , 0) + 1

print ( freq )

Output:

Enter sentence: this is a test this is

{’this’: 2, ’is’: 2, ’a’: 1, ’test’: 1}

3. Write a Python program to find the key with the maximum

value in a dictionary.
Answer:
d = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ dictionary : ␣ " ) )

max_key = max (d , key = d . get )

print ( " Key ␣ with ␣ max ␣ value : " , max_key )

Output:

Enter dictionary: {’a’:10,’b’:25,’c’:15}

Key with max value: b

4. Write a Python program to invert a dictionary (swap keys

and values).
Answer:
d = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ dictionary : ␣ " ) )

inv = { v : k for k , v in d . items () }

print ( inv )

Output:

Enter dictionary: {’a’:1,’b’:2,’c’:3}

{1: ’a’, 2: ’b’, 3: ’c’}
 3

5. Write a Python program to merge two dictionaries and sum

values of common keys.
Answer:
d1 = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ dict ␣ 1: ␣ " ) )
d2 = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ dict ␣ 2: ␣ " ) )

merged = d1 . copy ()

for k , v in d2 . items () :
merged [ k ] = merged . get (k , 0) + v

print ( merged )

Output:

Enter dict 1: {’a’:1,’b’:2}

Enter dict 2: {’b’:3,’c’:4}
{’a’: 1, ’b’: 5, ’c’: 4}

6. Write a Python program to remove a key from a dictionary if

it exists.
Answer:
d = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ dictionary : ␣ " ) )
key = input ( " Enter ␣ key ␣ to ␣ remove : ␣ " )

if key in d :
del d [ key ]

print ( d )

Output:

Enter dictionary: {’a’:1,’b’:2,’c’:3}

Enter key to remove: b
{’a’: 1, ’c’: 3}

7. Write a Python program to sort a dictionary by keys.

Answer:
 4

d = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ dictionary : ␣ " ) )

sorted_dict = dict ( sorted ( d . items () ) )

print ( sorted_dict )

Output:

Enter dictionary: {’c’:3,’a’:1,’b’:2}

{’a’: 1, ’b’: 2, ’c’: 3}

8. Write a Python program to sort a dictionary by values.

Answer:
d = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ dictionary : ␣ " ) )

sorted_dict = dict ( sorted ( d . items () , key = lambda x : x

[1]) )
print ( sorted_dict )

Output:

Enter dictionary: {’a’:3,’b’:1,’c’:2}

{’b’: 1, ’c’: 2, ’a’: 3}

9. Write a Python program to check whether a given key exists

in a dictionary.
Answer:
d = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ dictionary : ␣ " ) )
key = input ( " Enter ␣ key : ␣ " )

print ( " Exists " if key in d else " Does ␣ not ␣ exist " )

Output:

Enter dictionary: {’a’:1,’b’:2}

Enter key: b
Exists

10. Write a Python program to create a nested dictionary of stu-

dents and marks, then print totals.
Answer:
 5

students = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ nested ␣ dictionary : ␣ " ) )

for name , marks in students . items () :

total = sum ( marks . values () )
print ( name , " Total : " , total )

Output:

Enter nested dictionary: {’Ram’:{’m1’:50,’m2’:60}, ’Sam’:{’m1’:40,’m2’:70}}

Ram Total: 110
Sam Total: 110

11. Write a Python function to compute factorial using recursion.

Answer:
def fact ( n ) :
if n == 0:
return 1
return n * fact (n -1)

n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ number : ␣ " ) )

print ( " Factorial ␣ = " , fact ( n ) )

Output:

Enter number: 5
Factorial = 120

12. Write a Python function to compute the nth Fibonacci num-

ber using recursion.
Answer:
def fib ( n ) :
if n <= 1:
return n
return fib (n -1) + fib (n -2)

n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )

print ( " Fibonacci ␣ = " , fib ( n ) )

Output:
 6

Enter n: 6
Fibonacci = 8

13. Write a Python program using a function to print all primes

in a range.
Answer:
def is_prime ( n ) :
if n <= 1:
return False
for i in range (2 , int ( n **0.5) +1) :
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True

start = int ( input ( " Start : ␣ " ) )

end = int ( input ( " End : ␣ " ) )

for n in range ( start , end +1) :

if is_prime ( n ) :
print (n , end = " ␣ " )

Output:

Start: 10
End: 20
11 13 17 19

14. Write a Python function that returns the greatest of three

numbers.
Answer:
def greatest (a , b , c ) :
return max (a , b , c )

a = int ( input () )
b = int ( input () )
c = int ( input () )

print ( " Greatest ␣ = " , greatest (a , b , c ) )

Output:
 7

10
25
7
Greatest = 25

15. Write a Python function that returns a list of unique elements.

Answer:
def unique ( lst ) :
u = []
for x in lst :
if x not in u :
u . append ( x )
return u

lst = input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split ()

print ( unique ( lst ) )

Output:

Enter list: a b a c b
[’a’, ’b’, ’c’]

16. Write a Python function that counts vowels in a string.

Answer:
def count_vowels ( s ) :
return sum (1 for ch in s if ch . lower () in " aeiou
")

s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

print ( " Vowels ␣ = " , count_vowels ( s ) )

Output:

Enter string: education

Vowels = 5

17. Write a Python function that returns mean, median, and

mode of a list.
Answer:
 8

def stats ( lst ) :

lst = sorted ( lst )
n = len ( lst )

mean = sum ( lst ) / n

median = lst [ n //2] if n % 2 == 1 else ( lst [ n
//2 -1] + lst [ n //2]) / 2

mode = max ( lst , key = lst . count )

return mean , median , mode

lst = list ( map ( int , input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split () ) )
print ( stats ( lst ) )

Output:

Enter list: 1 2 2 3 4
(2.4, 2, 2)

18. Write a Python function to check whether a string is a palin-

drome ignoring spaces and punctuation.
Answer:
def clean ( s ) :
return " " . join ( ch . lower () for ch in s if ch .
isalnum () )

s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

cs = clean ( s )

print ( " Palindrome " if cs == cs [:: -1] else " Not ␣

palindrome " )

Output:

Enter string: A man, a plan, a canal: Panama

Palindrome

19. Write a Python function that returns all indices of a target

value in a list.
Answer:
 9

def find_indices ( lst , target ) :

return [ i for i , x in enumerate ( lst ) if x ==
target ]

lst = input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split ()

target = input ( " Enter ␣ target : ␣ " )

print ( find_indices ( lst , target ) )

Output:

Enter list: a b c a d a
Enter target: a
[0, 3, 5]

20. Write a Python function to return the transpose of a matrix.

Answer:
matrix = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ matrix : ␣ " ) )

transpose = []
for col in range ( len ( matrix [0]) ) :
row = []
for r in matrix :
row . append ( r [ col ])
transpose . append ( row )

print ( transpose )

Output:

Enter matrix: [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]

[[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]]
Python Programming Questions and Answers
(Part 3: Q41–Q60)

Questions and Answers

1. Write a Python program to count vowels, consonants, digits,
and spaces in a string.
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

vowels = consonants = digits = spaces = 0

for ch in s :
if ch . isdigit () :
digits += 1
elif ch . isspace () :
spaces += 1
elif ch . isalpha () :
if ch . lower () in " aeiou " :
vowels += 1
else :
consonants += 1

print ( " Vowels : " , vowels )

print ( " Consonants : " , consonants )
print ( " Digits : " , digits )
print ( " Spaces : " , spaces )

Output:

Enter string: Hello World 123

Vowels: 3
Consonants: 7

1
 2

Digits: 3
Spaces: 2

2. Write a Python program to reverse a string without using

slicing.
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )
rev = " "

for ch in s :
rev = ch + rev

print ( " Reversed : " , rev )

Output:

Enter string: python

Reversed: nohtyp

3. Write a Python program to check whether a string is a palin-

drome (case-insensitive).
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " ) . lower ()

rev = " "

for ch in s :
rev = ch + rev

print ( " Palindrome " if s == rev else " Not ␣ palindrome "
)

Output:

Enter string: Madam

Palindrome

4. Write a Python program to count the frequency of each char-

acter in a string.
Answer:
 3

s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

freq = {}
for ch in s :
if ch in freq :
freq [ ch ] += 1
else :
freq [ ch ] = 1

print ( freq )

Output:

Enter string: banana

{’b’: 1, ’a’: 3, ’n’: 2}

5. Write a Python program to remove all occurrences of a sub-

string from a string.
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )
sub = input ( " Enter ␣ substring : ␣ " )

result = s . replace ( sub , " " )

print ( result )

Output:

Enter string: abcabcabc

Enter substring: abc

6. Write a Python program to find the longest word in a sen-

tence.
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ sentence : ␣ " )
words = s . split ()

longest = words [0]

for w in words :
if len ( w ) > len ( longest ) :
longest = w
 4

print ( " Longest ␣ word : " , longest )

Output:

Enter sentence: Python is a powerful language

Longest word: powerful

7. Write a Python program to remove duplicate characters from

a string while preserving order.
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

result = " "

for ch in s :
if ch not in result :
result += ch

print ( result )

Output:

Enter string: programming

progamin

8. Write a Python program to check whether two strings are

anagrams.
Answer:
s1 = input ( " Enter ␣ first : ␣ " )
s2 = input ( " Enter ␣ second : ␣ " )

print ( " Anagram " if sorted ( s1 ) == sorted ( s2 ) else "

Not ␣ anagram " )

Output:

Enter first: listen

Enter second: silent
Anagram
 5

9. Write a Python program to find the first non-repeating char-

acter in a string.
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

for ch in s :
if s . count ( ch ) == 1:
print ( " First ␣ non - repeating : " , ch )
break
else :
print ( " No ␣ unique ␣ character " )

Output:

Enter string: swiss

First non-repeating: w

10. Write a Python program to replace multiple spaces with a

single space.
Answer:
s = input ( " Enter ␣ string : ␣ " )

result = " ␣ " . join ( s . split () )

print ( result )

Output:

Enter string: Python is great

Python is great

11. Write a Python program to read n integers into a tuple and

find the maximum and minimum.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
t = []

for i in range ( n ) :
t . append ( int ( input () ) )

t = tuple ( t )
 6

print ( " Max ␣ = " , max ( t ) )

print ( " Min ␣ = " , min ( t ) )

Output:

Enter n: 4
10
3
25
7
Max = 25
Min = 3

12. Write a Python program to convert a list to a tuple and a

tuple to a list.
Answer:
lst = input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split ()
tpl = tuple ( lst )

print ( " Tuple : " , tpl )

print ( " List : " , list ( tpl ) )

Output:

Enter list: a b c
Tuple: (’a’, ’b’, ’c’)
List: [’a’, ’b’, ’c’]

13. Write a Python program to find the index of an element in a

tuple.
Answer:
t = tuple ( input ( " Enter ␣ tuple : ␣ " ) . split () )
x = input ( " Enter ␣ element : ␣ " )

if x in t :
print ( " Index ␣ = " , t . index ( x ) )
else :
print ( " Not ␣ found " )

Output:
 7

Enter tuple: a b c d
Enter element: c
Index = 2

14. Write a Python program to count occurrences of each element

in a tuple.
Answer:
t = tuple ( input ( " Enter ␣ tuple : ␣ " ) . split () )

freq = {}
for x in t :
freq [ x ] = freq . get (x , 0) + 1

print ( freq )

Output:

Enter tuple: a b a c b
{’a’: 2, ’b’: 2, ’c’: 1}

15. Write a Python program to concatenate two tuples.

Answer:
t1 = tuple ( input ( " Enter ␣ tuple ␣ 1: ␣ " ) . split () )
t2 = tuple ( input ( " Enter ␣ tuple ␣ 2: ␣ " ) . split () )

print ( " Concatenated : " , t1 + t2 )

Output:

Enter tuple 1: 1 2 3
Enter tuple 2: 4 5
Concatenated: (’1’, ’2’, ’3’, ’4’, ’5’)

16. Write a Python program to slice a tuple based on start and

end indices.
Answer:
t = tuple ( input ( " Enter ␣ tuple : ␣ " ) . split () )
start = int ( input ( " Start ␣ index : ␣ " ) )
end = int ( input ( " End ␣ index : ␣ " ) )

print ( " Slice : " , t [ start : end ])

 8

Output:

Enter tuple: a b c d e
Start index: 1
End index: 4
Slice: (’b’, ’c’, ’d’)

17. Write a Python program to check whether an element exists

in a tuple.
Answer:
t = tuple ( input ( " Enter ␣ tuple : ␣ " ) . split () )
x = input ( " Enter ␣ element : ␣ " )

print ( " Exists " if x in t else " Does ␣ not ␣ exist " )

Output:

Enter tuple: a b c d
Enter element: c
Exists

18. Write a Python program to find the sum and average of nu-
meric elements in a tuple.
Answer:
t = tuple ( map ( float , input ( " Enter ␣ tuple : ␣ " ) . split () )
)

total = sum ( t )
avg = total / len ( t )

print ( " Sum ␣ = " , total )

print ( " Average ␣ = " , avg )

Output:

Enter tuple: 2 4 6 8
Sum = 20.0
Average = 5.0

19. Write a Python program to flatten a tuple of tuples.

Answer:
 9

t = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ tuple ␣ of ␣ tuples : ␣ " ) )

flat = []
for sub in t :
for x in sub :
flat . append ( x )

print ( tuple ( flat ) )

Output:

Enter tuple of tuples: ((1,2),(3,4),(5,6))

(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

20. Write a Python program to sort a tuple of integers.

Answer:
t = tuple ( map ( int , input ( " Enter ␣ tuple : ␣ " ) . split () ) )

sorted_tuple = tuple ( sorted ( t ) )

print ( sorted_tuple )

Output:

Enter tuple: 5 1 4 2 3
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
Python Programming Questions and Answers
(Part 2: Q21–Q40)

Questions and Answers

1. Write a Python program to read n integers into a list and find
the largest and smallest elements.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( int ( input () ) )

largest = lst [0]

smallest = lst [0]

for x in lst :
if x > largest :
largest = x
if x < smallest :
smallest = x

print ( " Largest ␣ = " , largest )

print ( " Smallest ␣ = " , smallest )

Output:

Enter n: 5
10
3
25
7

1
 2

15
Largest = 25
Smallest = 3

2. Write a Python program to compute the sum and average of

elements in a list.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( float ( input () ) )

total = sum ( lst )

avg = total / n

print ( " Sum ␣ = " , total )

print ( " Average ␣ = " , avg )

Output:

Enter n: 4
2
4
6
8
Sum = 20.0
Average = 5.0

3. Write a Python program to remove duplicates from a list with-

out using set.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( input () )

unique = []
for x in lst :
if x not in unique :
 3

unique . append ( x )

print ( unique )

Output:

Enter n: 6
a
b
a
c
b
d
[’a’, ’b’, ’c’, ’d’]

4. Write a Python program to find the second largest element in

a list.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( int ( input () ) )

largest = second = None

for x in lst :
if largest is None or x > largest :
second = largest
largest = x
elif x != largest and ( second is None or x >
second ) :
second = x

print ( " Second ␣ largest ␣ = " , second )

Output:

Enter n: 5
10
20
 4

5
30
25
Second largest = 25

5. Write a Python program to separate even and odd numbers

from a list.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( int ( input () ) )

evens = []
odds = []

for x in lst :
if x % 2 == 0:
evens . append ( x )
else :
odds . append ( x )

print ( " Evens : " , evens )

print ( " Odds : " , odds )

Output:

Enter n: 6
1
2
3
4
5
6
Evens: [2, 4, 6]
Odds: [1, 3, 5]

6. Write a Python program to count the frequency of each ele-

ment in a list.
Answer:
 5

n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )

lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( input () )

freq = {}

for x in lst :
if x in freq :
freq [ x ] += 1
else :
freq [ x ] = 1

print ( freq )

Output:

Enter n: 5
a
b
a
c
b
{’a’: 2, ’b’: 2, ’c’: 1}

7. Write a Python program to rotate a list to the right by k

positions.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( input () )

k = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ k : ␣ " ) )

k = k % n

rotated = lst [ - k :] + lst [: - k ]

print ( rotated )
 6

Output:

Enter n: 5
1
2
3
4
5
Enter k: 2
[’4’, ’5’, ’1’, ’2’, ’3’]

8. Write a Python program to merge two sorted lists into one

sorted list without using sort().
Answer:
n1 = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n1 : ␣ " ) )
a = []
for i in range ( n1 ) :
a . append ( int ( input () ) )

n2 = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n2 : ␣ " ) )

b = []
for i in range ( n2 ) :
b . append ( int ( input () ) )

i = j = 0
merged = []

while i < n1 and j < n2 :

if a [ i ] <= b [ j ]:
merged . append ( a [ i ])
i += 1
else :
merged . append ( b [ j ])
j += 1

merged . extend ( a [ i :])

merged . extend ( b [ j :])

print ( merged )

Output:
 7

Enter n1: 3
1
4
7
Enter n2: 4
2
3
6
8
[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8]

9. Write a Python program to find the union and intersection of

two lists without using set.
Answer:
n1 = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n1 : ␣ " ) )
a = []
for i in range ( n1 ) :
a . append ( input () )

n2 = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n2 : ␣ " ) )

b = []
for i in range ( n2 ) :
b . append ( input () )

union = []
for x in a + b :
if x not in union :
union . append ( x )

intersection = []
for x in a :
if x in b and x not in intersection :
intersection . append ( x )

print ( " Union : " , union )

print ( " Intersection : " , intersection )

Output:

Enter n1: 4
a
 8

b
c
d
Enter n2: 4
c
d
e
f
Union: [’a’, ’b’, ’c’, ’d’, ’e’, ’f’]
Intersection: [’c’, ’d’]

10. Write a Python program to remove all occurrences of a given

element from a list.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( input () )

target = input ( " Enter ␣ element ␣ to ␣ remove : ␣ " )

result = []
for x in lst :
if x != target :
result . append ( x )

print ( result )

Output:

Enter n: 6
a
b
a
c
a
d
Enter element to remove: a
[’b’, ’c’, ’d’]
 9

11. Write a Python program to sort a list of integers using bubble

sort.
Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( int ( input () ) )

for i in range ( n ) :
for j in range (0 , n -i -1) :
if lst [ j ] > lst [ j +1]:
lst [ j ] , lst [ j +1] = lst [ j +1] , lst [ j ]

print ( " Sorted ␣ list : " , lst )

Output:

Enter n: 5
5
1
4
2
3
Sorted list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

12. Write a Python program to sort a list using selection sort.

Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( int ( input () ) )

for i in range ( n ) :
min_index = i
for j in range ( i +1 , n ) :
if lst [ j ] < lst [ min_index ]:
min_index = j
lst [ i ] , lst [ min_index ] = lst [ min_index ] , lst [ i ]
 10

print ( " Sorted ␣ list : " , lst )

Output:

Enter n: 5
64
25
12
22
11
Sorted list: [11, 12, 22, 25, 64]

13. Write a Python program to perform linear search on a list.

Answer:
n = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ n : ␣ " ) )
lst = []

for i in range ( n ) :
lst . append ( int ( input () ) )

target = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ target : ␣ " ) )

found = False
for i in range ( n ) :
if lst [ i ] == target :
print ( " Found ␣ at ␣ index " , i )
found = True
break

if not found :
print ( " Not ␣ found " )

Output:

Enter n: 5
10
20
30
40
50
Enter target: 30
Found at index 2
 11

14. Write a Python program to perform binary search on a sorted

list.
Answer:
lst = list ( map ( int , input ( " Enter ␣ sorted ␣ list : ␣ " ) .
split () ) )
target = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ target : ␣ " ) )

low , high = 0 , len ( lst ) -1

found = False

while low <= high :

mid = ( low + high ) // 2
if lst [ mid ] == target :
print ( " Found ␣ at ␣ index " , mid )
found = True
break
elif lst [ mid ] < target :
low = mid + 1
else :
high = mid - 1

if not found :
print ( " Not ␣ found " )

Output:

Enter sorted list: 1 3 5 7 9

Enter target: 7
Found at index 3

15. Write a Python program to find the maximum sum of a con-

tiguous subarray (Kadane’s algorithm).
Answer:
lst = list ( map ( int , input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split () ) )

max_ending = max_so_far = lst [0]

for x in lst [1:]:

max_ending = max (x , max_ending + x )
max_so_far = max ( max_so_far , max_ending )

print ( " Maximum ␣ subarray ␣ sum ␣ = " , max_so_far )

 12

Output:

Enter list: -2 1 -3 4 -1 2 1 -5 4
Maximum subarray sum = 6

16. Write a Python program to check whether two lists are equal
(same elements in same order).
Answer:
a = input ( " Enter ␣ list ␣ A : ␣ " ) . split ()
b = input ( " Enter ␣ list ␣ B : ␣ " ) . split ()

print ( " Equal " if a == b else " Not ␣ equal " )

Output:

Enter list A: 1 2 3
Enter list B: 1 2 3
Equal

17. Write a Python program to find all pairs of elements in a list

whose sum equals a target value.
Answer:
lst = list ( map ( int , input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split () ) )
target = int ( input ( " Enter ␣ target : ␣ " ) )

for i in range ( len ( lst ) ) :

for j in range ( i +1 , len ( lst ) ) :
if lst [ i ] + lst [ j ] == target :
print ( lst [ i ] , lst [ j ])

Output:

Enter list: 1 2 3 4 5
Enter target: 6
1 5
2 4

18. Write a Python program to remove all negative numbers from

a list.
Answer:
 13

lst = list ( map ( int , input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split () ) )

result = [ x for x in lst if x >= 0]

print ( result )

Output:

Enter list: -5 3 -1 7 -2 9
[3, 7, 9]

19. Write a Python program to flatten a nested list (one level).

Answer:
nested = eval ( input ( " Enter ␣ nested ␣ list : ␣ " ) )

flat = []
for sub in nested :
for x in sub :
flat . append ( x )

print ( flat )

Output:

Enter nested list: [[1,2],[3,4],[5,6]]

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

20. Write a Python program to split a list into two halves.

Answer:
lst = input ( " Enter ␣ list : ␣ " ) . split ()
mid = len ( lst ) // 2

first = lst [: mid ]

second = lst [ mid :]

print ( " First ␣ half : " , first )

print ( " Second ␣ half : " , second )

Output:
 14

Enter list: a b c d e f
First half: [’a’, ’b’, ’c’]
Second half: [’d’, ’e’, ’f’]