Genetics Problem Set – Selectividad
1. In a species of ornamental plants, red flowers crossed with white flowers produce all pink offspring.
a) What type of inheritance is represented? Justify your answer. [0.5] b) Indicate the genotypes of the
parental generation (P), F1, and F2. Perform the corresponding crosses. [0.5]
2. In a breed of cattle, some individuals are red, others are white, and some have both red and white hair
at the same time. a) What type of inheritance does this represent? Explain. [0.5] b) If a red individual is
crossed with a red-and-white individual, determine the genotypic and phenotypic proportions of the
offspring. Represent the cross. [0.5]
3. In pea plants, seed shape can be smooth (S) or wrinkled (s), and seed color can be yellow (Y) or green
(y). Smooth and yellow are dominant traits. Two heterozygous plants for both traits are crossed.
a) Indicate the genotypes of the parents. [0.2] b) Perform the Punnett square. [0.5] c) Determine the
expected phenotypic proportions. [0.3]
4. In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant over white fur (b), and short ears (E) are dominant over long ears
(e). A heterozygous black, short-eared rabbit is crossed with a white, long-eared rabbit. a) Write the
genotypes of both parents. [0.3] b) Perform the Punnett square. [0.4] c) Indicate the phenotypic
proportions of the offspring. [0.3]
5. In a plant species, tall stems (T) are dominant over short stems (t), and purple flowers (P) are dominant
over white flowers (p). A tall, purple plant that is heterozygous for both traits is crossed with a short,
white plant. a) Determine the genotypes of the parents. [0.3] b) Perform the cross using a Punnett
square. [0.4] c) What percentage of the offspring will be short and purple? [0.3]
6. In pea plants, yellow seeds (Y) are dominant over green seeds (y). Two heterozygous plants are crossed.
a) State Mendel’s First Law. [0.3] b) Perform the cross and determine genotypic and phenotypic ratios.
[0.5] c) Explain how the results demonstrate the Law of Segregation. [0.2]
7. Using the traits seed shape (S/s) and seed color (Y/y): a) State Mendel’s Second Law. [0.3] b) Perform a
dihybrid cross between two SsYy individuals. [0.5] c) Explain why a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio is expected.
[0.2]
8. A tall pea plant produces both tall and short offspring when crossed with a short plant.
a) What is a test cross? [0.3]
b) Deduce the genotype of the tall parent. [0.4]
c) Perform the cross and explain the result. [0.3]
9. In a species of insects, long wings are dominant over short wings.
Two long-winged insects produce some short-winged offspring.
a) Explain how this is possible according to Mendel’s laws. [0.5] b) Perform the cross and indicate
proportions. [0.5]
10. In a dihybrid cross between AaBb × AaBb:
a) What is the probability of obtaining an individual that is homozygous recessive for both traits? [0.5]
b) What is the probability of obtaining an individual showing both dominant phenotypes? [0.5]