PRACTICE TEST 1

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Questions 1–20

Choose the best answer.

1. The speaker’s argument, though eloquently presented, was fundamentally

______.
A. flawed B. defective C. mistaken D. invalid
2. The committee was sharply divided ______ the ethical implications of the
project.
A. on B. over C. about D. in
3. Hardly had the software been launched ______ users began reporting
serious flaws.
A. when B. than C. that D. then
4. His interpretation of the data rests on a rather ______ premise.
A. vulnerable B. fragile C. weak D. delicate
5. The journalist was accused of deliberately ______ certain facts.
A. suppressing B. concealing C. withholding D. obscuring
6. Her speech was delivered with such ______ that it left a lasting
impression.
A. articulation B. eloquence C. fluency D. expression
7. The decision was taken in ______ disregard of expert advice.
A. total B. sheer C. absolute D. complete
8. The proposal was deemed financially ______ and therefore rejected.
A. impractical B. unviable C. untenable D. unsustainable
9. He is widely acknowledged as a ______ figure in computational linguistics.
A. dominant B. leading C. prominent D. influential
10. The success of the experiment was contingent ______ precise
calibration.
A. with B. on C. upon D. to
11. She showed remarkable ______ in the face of sustained criticism.
A. endurance B. resistance C. resilience D. persistence
12. The company attempted to ______ its reputation after the scandal.
A. reclaim B. recover C. restore D. retrieve
13. His remarks were taken out of ______ and sparked controversy.
A. situation B. condition C. context D. circumstance
14. The negotiations were suspended ______ further notice.
A. until B. by C. for D. in
 15. There has been a dramatic ______ in the adoption of AI-driven
technologies.
A. increase B. rise C. surge D. escalation
16. She has the ability to ______ complex theories into accessible
language.
A. condense B. compress C. abbreviate D. reduce
17. The report aims to ______ light on the long-term impact of
automation.
A. give B. throw C. shed D. cast
18. His explanation failed to adequately ______ the core issue.
A. approach B. tackle C. confront D. address
19. The findings are largely ______ with existing research.
A. aligned B. compatible C. consistent D. coherent
20. The initiative was abandoned due to severe ______ constraints.
A. resource B. budget C. financial D. economic

II. WORD FORMATION – PASSAGE (21–30)

Use the correct form of the word given in brackets.

The rapid expansion of digital technology has fundamentally altered modern

society. While these developments have undeniably increased efficiency, they
have also generated growing concerns regarding job (21) ______ (SECURE)
and social inequality. Many workers fear that automation will lead to large-scale
(22) ______ (EMPLOY), particularly in industries that rely heavily on routine
tasks. Moreover, the speed of technological change has outpaced the ability of
educational institutions to adapt, resulting in a workforce that is often (23) ______
(ADEQUATE) prepared for emerging roles.

In addition, the widespread use of algorithmic systems has raised questions

about ethical (24) ______ (RESPOND). Decisions once made by humans are
now increasingly delegated to machines whose operations are largely (25)
______ (TRANSPARENT) to the public. This lack of clarity has contributed to
public (26) ______ (SUSPICIOUS) and mistrust. Without effective regulation,
technological progress may exacerbate existing (27) ______ (EQUAL), rather
than alleviate them. It is therefore (28) ______ (IMPERATIVE) that policymakers
take a proactive approach to ensure that innovation proceeds in a socially (29)
______ (RESPOND) manner, balancing economic growth with human (30)
______ (WELL).

III. ERROR IDENTIFICATION – PASSAGE (31–40)

The following passage contains 10 errors. Identify and correct them.

Technological innovation have become a defining feature of contemporary

society, reshaping not only how information is produced and consumed, but also
the ways in which individuals interacts with one another. While such
advancements are often praised for their efficiency, they also present challenges
that cannot be simply ignore. One significant concern involve the increasing
reliance on automated systems, which are frequently assumed to be neutral but
may, in reality, reflects the biases of those who design them. Furthermore, the
rapid pace of technological change mean that legal and ethical frameworks
struggle to keep pace, result in unresolved dilemmas that continue to provoke
debate.

IV. CLOZE TEST (MCQ) – PASSAGE

Questions 41–50

Choose the best answer for each blank.

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence into modern society has triggered
widespread debate among experts and policymakers alike. While supporters
emphasize its potential to enhance productivity and streamline decision-
making, critics warn that its unchecked development may give (41) ______ to
a host of ethical, social, and economic challenges. One pressing concern
involves the opaque nature of many AI systems, whose internal mechanisms
remain largely inaccessible, making it difficult to (42) ______ responsibility
when errors occur.

Furthermore, the increasing reliance on automated processes risks

diminishing human agency, particularly in areas where moral judgment and
contextual awareness are crucial. As algorithms come to play a more
decisive role in shaping outcomes in employment, healthcare, and criminal
justice, society may become excessively (43) ______ on technologies that it
does not fully comprehend. This problem is further compounded by the fact
that technological innovation often advances at a pace that (44) ______
existing regulatory frameworks, leaving legislators struggling to keep up.

Without effective oversight, there is a danger that AI-driven systems may

inadvertently (45) ______ social inequalities rather than mitigate them.
Indeed, biased datasets and flawed design choices can reinforce patterns of
 discrimination, thereby undermining public trust. To address these concerns,
experts argue that transparency and accountability must be (46) ______ into
the development process from the outset. Only through such measures can
societies hope to (47) ______ the benefits of artificial intelligence while
minimizing its potential harms. Failure to do so may result in consequences
that extend far (48) ______ technical malfunction, affecting the very fabric of
social cohesion. Ultimately, the challenge lies in striking a balance between
technological progress and the preservation of fundamental human (49)
______, a task that will require sustained cooperation among governments,
corporations, and civil society. If this balance is not achieved, the long-term
implications could prove deeply (50) ______.

41. A. rise B. birth C. emergence D. origin

42. A. impose B. allocate C. assign D. attribute
43. A. dependent B. conditional C. subject D. reliant
44. A. surpasses B. exceeds C. overtakes D. outpaces
45. A. intensify B. amplify C. exacerbate D. aggravate
46. A. integrated B. embedded C. inserted D. incorporated
47. A. exploit B. utilize C. harness D. employ
48. A. than B. beyond C. over D. above
49. A. values B. principles C. ethics D. rights
50. A. severe B. profound C. critical D. drastic

V. CLOZE TEST – FILL IN THE BLANK (51–60)

Fill in ONE word for each blank.

As digital platforms increasingly dominate modern communication, concerns

about data privacy have come (51) ______ the forefront of public debate. Many
users remain unaware (52) ______ the extent to which their personal information
is collected, stored, and analyzed by technology companies. This lack of
awareness has been compounded (53) ______ vague privacy policies that few
individuals take the time to read. As a result, calls (54) ______ greater
transparency and stricter regulation have grown louder. Without effective
safeguards put (55) ______ place, individuals risk losing control (56) ______
their digital identities. Moreover, the misuse of personal data may lead (57)
______ consequences that extend far (58) ______ targeted advertising, including
discrimination and social manipulation. It is therefore essential (59) ______ both
governments and corporations acknowledge their responsibility (60) ______
protecting user privacy.

VI. READING COMPREHENSION (TECHNOLOGY – ADVANCED)

Questions 61–70

Read the passage and choose the best answer.

The rapid development of digital technologies has fundamentally altered the

structure of modern economies. Automation, artificial intelligence, and
machine learning have increased productivity across numerous industries,
while simultaneously reshaping labor markets. Tasks once performed
exclusively by humans are now routinely delegated to algorithms capable of
processing vast datasets with remarkable speed and accuracy. Proponents
of this transformation argue that such innovations free workers from repetitive
labor, enabling them to focus on more creative and strategic roles.

However, critics caution that the benefits of technological progress are

unevenly distributed. While high-skilled workers often experience enhanced
productivity and wages, those engaged in routine or manual tasks face
displacement and job insecurity. Moreover, the pace of technological change
frequently outstrips the capacity of educational systems to adapt, leaving
many workers ill-prepared for emerging roles. This mismatch exacerbates
existing social inequalities and raises pressing questions about the
responsibility of governments and corporations in managing technological
transitions.

Beyond economic considerations, the ethical implications of advanced

technologies demand careful examination. The widespread deployment of
algorithmic decision-making systems has sparked debates about
accountability, transparency, and bias. When automated systems influence
decisions in areas such as hiring, credit allocation, or law enforcement, the
consequences for individuals can be profound. Without clear mechanisms for
oversight, these systems risk entrenching existing prejudices under the guise
of objectivity.

Questions 61–70
61. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The economic advantages of automation outweigh its disadvantages.

B. Technological progress brings both benefits and challenges that must be

carefully managed.

C. Artificial intelligence is replacing human labor at an alarming rate.

D. Governments are unprepared for technological change.

62. According to the passage, proponents of automation believe that it:

A. Eliminates the need for human workers entirely.

B. Reduces inequality in the labor market.

C. Allows workers to focus on higher-level tasks.

D. Slows down economic development.

63. Which group is most likely to experience job insecurity?

A. Workers in creative industries

B. Highly educated professionals

C. Those performing routine or manual tasks

D. Technology developers

64. What difficulty do educational systems face?

A. A lack of funding for technological training

B. Resistance to adopting new technologies

C. An inability to adapt quickly enough to change

D. Overemphasis on theoretical knowledge

65. The phrase “this mismatch” in paragraph 2 refers to:

A. The gap between wages and productivity

B. The imbalance between job creation and job loss

C. The difference between technological change and workers’ skills

D. The contrast between public and private sectors

66. Why are algorithmic decision-making systems criticized?

A. They are inefficient and unreliable

B. They eliminate human oversight completely

C. They may reinforce existing biases

D. They are too costly to implement

67. Which assumption about technology is questioned in the passage?

A. That technology always increases productivity

B. That automation inevitably leads to unemployment

C. That algorithms are objective and neutral

D. That technological change is unavoidable

68. Which issue is described as extending beyond economic concerns?

A. Labor displacement

B. Wage inequality

C. Ethical implications of technology

D. Educational reform

69. What responsibility is implied for governments and corporations?

A. To slow down technological development

B. To replace human workers with machines

C. To regulate and manage technological transitions

D. To prioritize profits over social concerns

70. What best describes the author’s overall attitude?

A. Strongly supportive of technological advancement

B. Completely critical of modern technology

C. Balanced and cautiously analytical

D. Indifferent to technological change

VII. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

Questions 81–90

A. ADVANCED STRUCTURES (81–85)

Rewrite the sentence without changing its meaning.

81.

The moment the software was updated, new problems emerged.

82.

It was only after public pressure that the company issued an apology.

83.
He is widely believed to have manipulated the data.

84.

The complexity of the issue makes a quick solution impossible.

85.
She would never have succeeded without their support.

B. IDIOM-BASED (ONE WORD GIVEN) (86–90)

Rewrite using the word given. DO NOT change the word.

 86.

The plan failed completely.

87.

He avoided answering the question directly.

88.

The scandal was deliberately kept secret.

89.

She finally accepted the reality of the situation.

90.

The new policy caused widespread anger.

C. WRITTING

Topic: The impact of artificial intelligence on future employment