UNIT –I

CONTROL SYSTEMS CONCEPTS

For the mechanical system shown in Fig, determine the transfer [L3,CO1] 10M
𝐗𝟏(𝐬) 𝐗𝟐(𝐬)
functions &
𝐅(𝐬) 𝐅(𝐬)

Write the differential equations governing the mechanical rotational systemshown in [L3,CO1] 10M
the figure and find transfer function.

For the mechanical system shown in the figure draw the force-voltage andforce- [L6,CO1] 10M
current analogous circuits.

[L2,CO1] 6M

Compare open loop and closed loop control systems based on different [L2,CO1] 4M
a. aspects?
b. Distinguish between Block diagram Reduction Technique and Signal Flow
Graph?

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 1

Using Block diagram reduction technique find the Transfer Function of thesystem. [L5,CO1] 10M

a. Give the block diagram reduction rules to find the transfer function of the
system.
[L2,CO1] 8M
a. List the properties of signal flow graph. [L1,CO1] 4M

For the system represented in the given figure, determine transfer function [L3,CO1] 10M
C(S)/R(S).

Find the overall transfer function of the system whose signal flow graph isshown [L5,CO1] 10M
below.

Obtain the transfer function of the system whose signal flow graph is shownbelow. [L3,CO1] 10M

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 2

 𝐂
Using mason gain formula find the transfer function for the signal flow graph [L3,CO1] 10M
𝐑
shown in figure.

i) ii) iii) Define control systems? [L1,CO1] 1M

iv) What is feedback? What type of feedback is employed in control systems? [L2,CO1] 1M
v) Define transfer function? [L1,CO1] 1M

What is block diagram? What are the basic components of block diagram? [L2,CO1] 1M

Explain transmittance [L4,CO1] 1M

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 3

 UNIT-II
TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS

List out the time domain specifications and derive the expressions for Risetime, Peak [L1,CO2] 10M
time and Peak overshoot.

Find all the time domain specifications for a unity feedback control system [L2,CO2] 10M
whose open loop transfer function is given by G(S) = 𝟐𝟓 .
𝑺(𝑺+𝟓)

𝟐
𝒄
A closed loop servo is represented by the differential equation: 𝒅 + 8𝒅𝒄 = [L3,CO2] 10M
𝒅𝒕𝟐 𝒅𝒕

64e. Where ‘c’ is the displacement of the output shaft, ‘r’ [L3,CO2] 5M
the displacementof the input shaft and e =r – c. Determine
undamped natural frequency, damping ratio and
percentage maximum overshoot for unit step input.
[L3,CO2] 5M
a. Measurements conducted on a servo mechanism, show the system response to be c(t)
= 1+0.2e-60t- 1.2e-10t When subject to a unit step [Link] an expression
for closed loop transfer function, determine the undamped natural frequency,
damping ratio?
b. For servo mechanisms with open loop transfer function given below what type
of input signal give rise to a constant steady state error and calculate their
values.
G(s)H(s)= 𝟏𝟎 .
𝑺𝟐(𝑺+𝟏)(𝑺+𝟐)
A unity feedback control system has an open loop transfer function, G(s) = [L5,CO2] 10M
𝟏𝟎
. Find the rise time, percentage overshoot, peak time and settling time
𝑺(𝑺+𝟐)

for a step input of 12 units.

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 4

Define steady state error? Derive the static error components for Type 0, Type 1 &Type
2 systems? [L1,CO2] 10M
A positional control system with velocity feedback shown in figure. What is the
response c(t) to the unit step input. Given that damping ratio=[Link]
[L3,CO2] 10M
determine rise time, peak time, maximum overshoot and settling time.

a. A For servo mechanisms with open loop transfer function given below what type of
input signal give rise to a constant steady state error and calculate theirvalues. [L3,CO2] 5M
G(s)H(s)= 𝟐𝟎(𝑺+𝟐)
𝑺(𝑺+𝟏)(𝑺+𝟑)

b. Consider a unity feedback system with a closed loop transfer function 𝑪(𝑺)= [L3,CO2] 5M
𝑹(𝑺)
𝑲𝑺+𝒃 . Calculate open loop transfer function G(s). Show that steady state
(𝑺𝟐+𝒂𝑺+𝒃)

error with unit ramp

input is given by(𝒂−𝑲) [L3,CO2] 10M
𝒃

For a unity feedback control system the open loop transfer function
𝟏(𝑺+𝟐)
G(S) = .
𝑺𝟐(𝑺+𝟏)

(i) Determine the position, velocity and acceleration error constants.

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 5

a. What is the characteristic equation? List the significance of characteristic [L1,CO2] 2M
equation.
b. The system has G(s) = 𝑲 with unity feedback where K & T are constant. [L3,CO2] 8M
𝑺(𝟏+𝑺𝑻)
Determine the factor by which gain ‘K’ should be multiplied to reduce the
overshot from 75% to 25%?

i) ii) iii) How the system is classified depending on the value of damping ratio? [L4,CO2] 1M

iv) List the time domain specifications? [L1,CO2] 1M

v) Define peak overshoot? [L1,CO2] 1M

Define accelerating error constant? [L1,CO2] 1M

What is the need for a controller? [L2,CO2] 1M

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 6

 UNIT –III
STABILITY ANALYSIS IN CONTROL SYSTEMS
With the help of Routh’s stability criterion find the stability of the followingsystems [L5,CO3] 10M
represented by the characteristic equations:
(a) s4 + 8 s3 + 18 s2 + 16s + 5 = 0.

(b) s6 + 2s5 + 8s4 + 12s3 + 20s2 + 16s + 16 = 0.

With the help of Routh’s stability criterion find the stability of the followingsystems
represented by the characteristic equations:
(a) s5 + s4 + 2 s3 + 2 s2 + 3s + 5 = 0
(b) 9s5 -20s4 + 10 s3 - s2 - 9s - 10 = 0

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 7

Determine the range of K for stability of unity feedback system whose open [L3,CO3] 10M
𝐊
loop transfer function is G(s) H(s) = using Routh’s stability
𝑺(𝑺 + 𝟏) (𝑺+𝟐)

criterion.

Explain the procedure for constructing root locus. [L2,CO3] 10M

Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is [L3,CO3] 10M
G(s) H(s) = 𝐊 .
𝑺(𝑺 + 𝟐) (𝑺+𝟒)

Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is [L3,CO3] 10M
G(s) H(s) = 𝐊
𝑺 (𝑺𝟐+𝟒𝑺+𝟏𝟑)

Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is [L3,CO3] 10M
G(s) H(s) = 𝑲 (𝑺+𝟗)
𝑺(𝑺𝟐+𝟒𝑺+𝟏𝟏)

Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is [L3,CO3] 10M
(𝑺𝟐+𝟔𝑺+𝟐𝟓)
G(s) H(s) =
𝑺(𝑺 + 𝟏) (𝑺 + 𝟐)

Sketch the root locus of the system whose open loop transfer function is [L3,CO3] 10M
G(s)H(s) = 𝐊
𝑺 (𝑺𝟐+𝟔𝑺+𝟏𝟎)

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 8

i) ii)ii i Explain BIBO stability? [L12,CO3] 1M

v) What is the necessary condition for stability? [L2,CO3] 1M

i) Define root locus? [L1,CO3] 1M
v)
What is centroid? How the centroid is calculated? [L2,CO3] 1M

What is limitedly stable system? [L2,CO3] 1M

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 9

 UNIT-IV
FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS

Sketch the Bode plot for the following transfer function G(s)H(s) =
(𝐊 𝐞−𝟎.𝟏𝐬)

𝑺(𝑺+𝟏) (𝟏+𝟎.𝟏𝑺)

Sketch the Bode plot for the system having the following transfer function
𝟏𝟓 (𝑺+𝟓)
=
𝑺(𝐒𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔𝑺 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎)

a. Define and derive the expression for resonant frequency. [L1,CO4] 5M

b. Draw the magnitude bode plot for the system having the following [L3,CO4] 5M
transfer function: G(s) H(s) = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 (𝐒+𝟏)
𝑺(𝑺+𝟏𝟎) (𝑺+𝟒𝟎)

Derive the expressions for resonant peak and resonant frequency and hence [L3,CO4] 10M
establish the correlation between time response and frequency response.
Draw the Bode plot for the following Transfer Function G(s) H(s) =
𝟐𝟎(𝟎.𝟏𝑺+𝟏) [L3,CO4] 10M
𝑺𝟐(𝟎.𝟐𝑺 + 𝟏) (𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝑺 + 𝟏)

From the bode plot determine (a) Gain Margin (b) Phase Margin (c)
Comment on the stability
a. Given ξ = 0.7 and ωn = 10 rad/sec. Calculate resonant peak, resonant
frequency and bandwidth. [L3,CO4] 5M
b. Sketch the polar plot for the open loop transfer function of a unity feedback
system is given by G(s) = 𝟏 . Determine Gain Margin & Phase [L3,CO4] 5M
𝑺(𝟏 + 𝐒) (𝟏+ 𝟐𝑺)

Margin.
A system is given by G(s) H(s) = (𝟒𝑺+𝟏) Sketch the nyquist plot [L3,CO4] 10M
𝑺𝟐(𝑺+𝟏) (𝟐𝑺+𝟏)
and determine the stability of the system.
Draw the Nyquist plot for the system whose open loop transfer function is, [L3,CO4] 10M
G(s)H(s) = 𝑲 . Determine the range of K for which closed loop
𝑺(𝑺+𝟐) (𝑺+𝟏𝟎)

system is stable.
Obtain the transfer function of Lead Compensator, draw pole-zero plot andwrite the [L3,CO4] 10M
procedure for design of Lead Compensator using Bode plot.

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 10

Obtain the transfer function of Lag Compensator, draw pole-zero plot andwrite the [L3,CO4] 10M
procedure for design of Lag Compensator using Bode plot.

i) Define phase margine ? [L1,CO4] 1M

ii) Write the expression for resonant peak and resonant frequency? [L3,CO4] 1M
iii) What is phase and gain cross over frequency? [L2,CO4] 1M
iv)
What are the frequency domain specifications? [L2,CO4] 1M
v)
What is frequency response? [L2,CO4] 1M

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 11

 UNIT-V
STATE SPACE ANALYSIS

Determine the Solution for Homogeneous and Non homogeneous Stateequations [L3,CO5] 10M
 𝟎 𝟏 )X + 𝟎)U with the unit step input [L3,CO5] 10M
For the state equation:  X =( (
−𝟐 −𝟑 𝟏
𝟏
and the initial conditions are X(0) = ( ).Solve the following (a) State
𝟏
transition matrix
(b) Solution of the state equation.
A system is characterized by the following state space equations: [L3,CO5]
 
X 1 = -3 x1 + x2 ; X 2 = -2 x1 + u ; Y = x1
(a) Find the transfer function of the system and Stability of the 5M
system. 5M
(b) Compute the STM
a. State the properties of State Transition Matrix. [L1,CO5] 5M

0 6 −5 [L3,CO5] 5M
b. Diagonalize the following system matrix A = (1 0 2 )
3 2 4

Q.5 a. Find state variable representation of an armature controlled [Link]. [L2,CO5] 5M

b. A state model of a system is given as: [L3,CO5] 5M

 0 1 0 0
X =( 0 0 1 )X + (0) U and Y = (1 0 0)X
−6 −11 −6 1
Determine: (i) The Eigen Values. (ii) The State Transition Matrix.
Q.6 a. Derive the expression for the transfer function and poles of the system [L3,CO5] 5M

from the state model. X = Ax + Bu and y = Cx + Du
[L3,CO5] 5M
4 1 −2
b. Diagonalize the following system matrix A =(1 0 2)
1 −1 3
Obtain a state model for the system whose Transfer function is given by [L2,CO5] 10M
(𝟕𝑺𝟐+𝟏𝟐𝑺+𝟖)
G(s) H(s) =
(𝑺𝟑+𝟔𝑺𝟐+𝟏𝟏𝑺+𝟗)

a. State the properties of STM. [L1,CO5] 3M

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 12

  [L2,CO5] 7M
b. 𝟏 𝟎 𝟎 𝟏
For the state equation: X = ( )X +( )U when, X(0) =( ).
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟎
Find the solution of the state equation for the unit step input.
Find the state model of the differential equation is [L2,CO5] 5M
a.
  
y  2 y 3 y 4 y  u

0 1 0 [L1,CO5] 5M
b. Diagonalize the following system matrix A = ( 3 0 2 )
−12 −7 −6

a. Define state, state variable, state equation. [L1,CO5] 5M

b. Derive the expression for the transfer function from the state model. [L1,CO5] 5M

X = Ax + Bu and y = Cx + Du

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 13

i) ii) iii) List out the properties of STM? [L1,CO5] 1M

iv) Write the state equation? [L3,CO5] 1M

v) Define state variable? [L2,CO5] 1M

What is Diagonalize matrix? [L2,CO5] 1M

Write the formula for solutions of state equation? [L3,CO5] 1M

CONTROL SYSTEMS Page 14

 MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous Institution – UGC, Govt. of India)
UG Model question paper-I
CONTROL SYSTEMS
EEE
Time:3hoursMax Marks:70
Note: This question paper contains of 5 sections. Answer five questions, choosing one question from
each section and each question carries 14 marks.
SECTION-I

1. a) Explain about the basic elements of a control system? [6M]

b) Explain the advantages of signal flow graph over blockdiagramrepresentation. [8M]

(OR)

2. DrawasignalflowgraphfortheBlockdiagramshownbelowandfinditsclosedlooptransfer function.
[14M]

SECTION -II
[Link] transient responsespecifications.
i) Delay time ii) Rise time iii) Peak time iii) Peakovershoot
iv) Settling time of secondordersystem [14M]

(OR)
4. a) Obtain the unit step response of a unity feedback system whose open loop transfer function
G(S)=4/S(S+5).[7M]
b) Determine the step, ramp and parabolic error constants of the unity feedback Control system.
The open loop transfer function is following.G(S)=1000/(1+0.1S)(1+10S) [7M]
 SECTION-III

5.a) Write the necessary conditionsforstability .[7M]

b) Consider a sixth order system with the characteristic equation,S 6 +2S5 +8S4 +13S 3+20S 2+16S+16
= 0. Using Routh’s stability criterion, find whether the system is stable or not, give the reasons?
[7M]
(OR)
[Link] the root locus plot of a unit feedback system with the open looptransferfunction
G(S)=K/S(S+2)(S+4).[14M]
SECTION-IV
[Link] the frequencydomainspecifications.[14M]

(OR)
[Link] the Bode plotforG(S)=200/S(S+5)(S+10).[14M]

SECTION-V
9.a) Define controllability and observability.[7M]
b) Evaluate the controllability of the system withthematrix. [7M]

(OR)

10.a)Obtain the state transition forthe system [7M]

b) Explain aboutdiagonalization?[7M]
 MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous Institution – UGC, Govt. of India)
UG Model question paper-II
CONTROL SYSTEMS
EEE
Time:3hours Max Marks:70

Note: This question paper contains of 5 sections. Answer five questions, choosing one question from
each section and each question carries 14 marks.
SECTION-I

1. a) Explain the differences between closed loop and open loop systems withexamples.[7M]
b) Explain the effect of feedback andfeedbackcharacteristics [7M]
(OR)
[Link] the Transfer function of the Block Diagram shown below using blockdiagram reduction
technique. [14M]

SECTION –II
[Link](S)= 4/S(S+5).FindWn,ξ.?[14M]

(OR)
[Link] the delay time, rise time, peak time, settling time and peak overshoot for unity feedback system
with open looptransferfunction. 𝐺(𝑆)=16/S(S+6). [14M]
 SECTION-III
5.a) The characteristics equations a feedback control system is givenass3+2Ks2+(K+2)s+4 = 0 Determine
the value of K for which the system to be stable with the help of Routh Hurwitzcriterion.
[7M]

b) write the various construction rules to develop therootlocus [7M]

(OR)
6. Sketch the root locus plot of a unit feedback system with the open loop transfer function
G(S)=K/S(S+2)(S+4). [14M]

SECTION-IV

7.a) Explain the general procedure to construct bodeplot. [7M]

b)For a certain control system sketch the polar plot𝐺(𝑆)𝐻(𝑆)= K/S(S+2)(S+4). [7M]
(OR)
[Link](S)=1/s(1+s)(1+2s)anddeterminethegainandphasemargins. [14M]

SECTION-V

[Link] the state transition matrix forthesystem [14M]

(OR)

[Link] Matrix A in thesystem. [14M]

 MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous Institution – UGC, Govt. of India)
UG Model question paper-III
CONTROLSYSTEMS
EEE
Time:3hours Max Marks:70

Note: This question paper contains of 5 sections. Answer five questions, choosing one question from
each section and each question carries 14 marks.
SECTION-I

1.a) Define and explain about the transfer function in control system.[6M]
b) Define effect of feedback on sensitivity, stabilityandgain [8M]
(OR)
[Link] and explain the Mason’sgainformula with an example. [14M]

SECTION-II

[Link] effects of proportional derivative and proportionalintegralcontrollers in system performance.

[14M]
(OR)
[Link] feedback system is characterized by an open loop transfer function G(s)= k/s(s +5 ) .
Determine the gain K so that the system will have a damping factor of 0.7. For this value of K
determinethenaturalfrequencyofthesystem. [Link] the closed loop
response of the system intimedomain.
[14M]

SECTION-III

[Link] the expressions for frequency domain specifications of a second ordersystem. [14M]

(OR)
[Link] the open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system G(s) = 10(S+2)/S(S+5).Draw the Bode
plot and measure fromtheplot the frequency at which the magnitude is0Db? [14M]

SECTION-IV

[Link] the various construction rules to develop therootlocus [14M]

(OR)
[Link] the open loop transfer function G(s) = k/(S+5)(S+10). Sketch the polar plot and investigate the
open loop and closed loopsystemsstability [14M]
 SECTION-V

[Link] the state equation of a system isgivenby [14M]

(OR)
10.a) Is the system controllable?[6M]
b)Compute the statetransitionmatrix [8M]