MIDTERMS (RLE) ★ Benefits
➢ Treat bronchitis
HERBAL PLANTS APPROVED BY DOH ➢ dyspnoea;
➢ relieving symptoms of asthma;
➢ the use of locally available medicinal plants and herbs ➢ laxative to purge out intestinal
in the Philippines backyard and field have been found to ➢ Parasites & other stomach problems.
be effective in the treatment of common ailments ➢ good in treating cough and fever.
LEGAL BASIS Note: Not advisable for pregnant the leaves
➢REPUBLIC ACT 8423 (TAMA) extraction can induce abortion
➢TRADITIONAL AND ALTERNATIVE ACT OF 1997
↪Signed by the late Pres. Fidel V. Ramos [Link] - NIYOGAN ( Rangoon Creeper)
↪This act created the Philippine Institute of
Traditional and Alternative Health Care ★Indications
(PITAHC) ➢Anti-helminthic - It is effective in the elimination of
intestinal worms particularly the Ascaris and Trichina
PITACH
➢ further development of traditional and alternative ★Preparations
medicine in the Philippines. ➢ Only the dried matured seeds are medicinal;
➢useful for the patients who have difficulty in accessing ➢ Fruit (kernel) anthelminthic; leaves poultice for
commonly sold drugs in the pharmacy. headache
➢ The seeds are taken 2 hours after supper. If no
10 HERBAL MEDICINES APPROVED BY THE DOH worms are expelled, the dose may be repeated after
SANTALUBBY one week.
[Link]
★Indications
➢ Anti- edema
➢ Diuretic
➢ Anti-urolithiasis
Note: Follow recommended dosage. Overdose
★Preparations DECOCTION causes Hiccups and NOT to be given to children
Boil chopped leaves in a glass of water for below 4 y/o
15 minutes until one glassful remains
★ Benefits [Link] GUBAT (Scorpion Bush)
➢ to treat fever
➢ Headaches ★Indications
➢ Remedy Cuts & Wounds ➢ Tooth decay prevention because of its fluoride
Special precautions: Content
Avoid using with other diuretics. When taking diuretics, ➢ Stomach flu (Diarrhea)
eat at least one banana a day. ➢ Abdominal pain (Stomach ache)
Note: Sambong is not a medicine for kidney ➢ Anti-spasmodic effect/ Abdominal cramping
infection. ★Preparations
(for diarrhea)
[Link] ( Ringworm bush) ➢Boil chopped leaves into 2 glasses of water
for 15 minutes.
★Indications ➢ Divide decoction into 4 parts.
➢Scabies ➢Drink 1 part every 3 hours
➢ Tinea flava (for stomachache)
➢ Athlete’s foot – Boil chopped leaves in 1 glass of water for 15 minutes.
➢ Ringworm Cool and strain.
★Preparations POULTICE ★ Benefits
Fresh, matured leaves are pounded. Apply ➢ Treat skin allergies
soap to the affected area 1-2 times a day ➢ can treat mild psoriasis
➢ Improve symptoms of allergic rhinitis
5. AMPALAYA (Bitter gourd) pains; pounded
- It lowers blood sugar levels Special precautions:
★Indications Avoid using with other pain relievers, diuretics
➢ Potent ati- oxidant
➢ Aphrodisiac PANSIT PANSITAN
➢ Indigestion & Constipation ➢has a heart shaped leaves, succulent stems with tiny
➢ Type 2 Diabetes mellitus flowers on spike
★Preparations ★ Benefits
Boil 6 tablespoons in two glassfuls of water for 15 ➢ Arthritis
minutes under low fire. Do not cover the pot. Cool and
strain. 8. BAWANG
➢Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day after meals.
★Indications
★ Benefits ➢ Hypertension
➢ Treats hemorrhoids, ➢ Toothache
➢ Cough ➢ Normalize Cholesterol Level
➢ Anti - inflammatory body detoxification
➢ Strengthening the immune system & fertility
Regulation
Special precautions:
Blood sugar levels should be monitored regularly.
The native variety with small bitter fruit is recommended
6. LAGUNDI (Five - leaved chaste tree)\
★Indications
➢ Skin diseases and wounds
➢ Headache, fever, for aromatic bath
➢ Asthma, cough and colds
➢ Rheumatism, sprains and contusions
➢ Eczema 9. BAYABAS
➢ Dysentery/Bloody Diarrhea
★Indications
➢ Stomach flu
➢ Ulcer (gastric ulcer, mouth ulcer)
➢ Gingivitis
➢ Antiseptic for wound washing
➢ Toothache
Special precautions:
Eating too much guava fruit may cause constipation
7. ULASIMANG BATO/PANSIT PANSITAN ( Clear
weed/ Silver bush) 10. YERBA BUENA ( Mint)
★Indications ★Indications
➢ GOuty arthritis ➢ Mens pain/ cramp ➢Swollen gums
➢ Uric acid lowering agent ➢ Arthritis
➢ Tophi prevention ➢ Nausea & vomiting
➢ Yucky abscess- boils and pimples ➢ Syncope ( fainting)
➢ Pruritus
★Preparations ➢ Insect bites
Infusion, decoction or salad for gout and rheumatic ➢Toothache
➢ Implementing tobacco control initiatives:
smoke-freeplaces , increase tax of tobacco &
alcohol (RA9211), (House Bill 5727)
RISK FACTOR — “An aspect of personal behavior or
lifestyle, an environmental exposure, or a hereditary
characteristic that is associated with an increase in the
occurrence of a particular disease, injury, or other health
condition.”
MODIFIABLE RISK FACTOR — A behavioral risk
factor that can be reduced or controlled by intervention,
thereby reducing the probability of disease.
NON MODIFIABLE RISK FACTOR — cannot be
reduced or controlled by intervention;
✓ Age ✓ Race
✓ Gender ✓ Family history (genetics)
METABOLIC RATE — biochemical processes
involved in the body's normal functioning
PROCEDURES & PREPARATIONS – WHO Has prioritized the following 4 metabolic risk
✓ High Blood Pressure
➢ DECOCTION — Extracting by boiling herbal plant / ✓ Overweight / Obesity
material to dissolve the chemicals ✓ Increased blood sugar
✓ High level of fat in the blood
➢ POULTICE (Cataplasm) — It is a paste made out of
herbs, clays, activated charcoal, * other beneficial. It
is Done by pounding / chewing leaves used by
herbolaryo.
➢ INFUSION — To steep an ingredient in a liquid until
the flavor of the ingredient has been extracted and
infused into the liquid. Ex. Papaya Juice
➢CREAM / OINTMENT — Semi- solid preparations
intended for external applications to the skin /
mucous membranes Integrated Community Based Non-
Communicable Diseases Prevention and
➢TINCTURE — alcoholic/ hydroalcoholic solutions Control Program
prepared from vegetables materials
➢ Aim at preventing the four main Non-
CD/Chronic/Lifestyle related diseases, Cardiovascular
NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES diseases, cancers, COPD,
PREVENTION & CONTROL DM
───────୨ৎ────———
Non Communicable Disease ( NCD)
✓ A chronic conditions that do not result from an
(acute) infectious process and hence are “not
communicable.
✓ also known as Chronic Diseases are not
passed from person to person.
✓ Major global Challenge
➢ Acc. DOH The leading causes of death are diseases
of the heart, diseases of the vascular system,
pneumonias, malignant neoplasms/cancers, all forms of
tuberculosis, accidents, COPD and allied conditions,
diabetes mellitus, nephritis/nephritic syndrome and other
diseases of respiratory system.
➢ Among these diseases, six are non-communicable
and four are the major NCDs such as CVD, cancers,
COPD and diabetes mellitus.
➢ DM T1 ( INSULIN DEPENDENT MELLITUS)
✓ Lacks insulin → damaged pancreas, prone to
ketosis and other may be genetic
➢ DM T2 ( NON - INSULIN DEPENDENT MELLITUS)
✓ more common, occurring in about 90-95% of all
persons with diabetes.
✓ more preventable because it is associated
with obesity and diet.
➢ LDL (low-density lipoprotein)
✓ fasting hyperglycemia despite availability of
✓ “bad” cholesterol
insulin.
✓ makes up most of your body’s cholesterol.
➢ SCREENING FOR DIABETE MELLITUS
✓ risk for heart disease and stroke.
✓ Hallmark –Presence of Hyperglycemia
➢ HDL (high-density lipoprotein)
✓ For those with history of DM
✓ “good” cholesterol
✓ Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)
✓ absorbs cholesterol and carries it back to the
- 109mg/dl- Normal or 70-100mg/dl
Liver. The liver then flushes it from the body.
- 110-125 mg/dl- Impaired Glucose Tolerance
✓ can lower your risk for heart disease and
(IGT)
stroke.
- 126 mg/dl- possible DM
➢ Plaque
✓ cholesterol can build up on the walls of your
blood vessels. → atherosclerosis.
✓ When blood flow to the heart is blocked, it can
cause angina (chest pain) or a heart attack.
✓ Made up of Cholesterol deposits
OBESITY
➢ Obesidat – A natural way to set weight & boost
Metabolism
➢ Health Risk of obesity is CORONARY HEART
DISEASE
➢Apple shape body – higher risk for heart
disease,T2D, Premature death
➢ Cancer develops when cells in a part of the
➢According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a
body begin to grow out of control.
healthy WHR is:
➢ Not all tumors are cancerous.
✓ 0.9 or less in men
➢ Benign (non- cancerous) tumors usually grow
✓ 0.85 or less for women
slowly, do not spread to other parts of the body
Note: WHR of 1.0 or higher → risk in Heart disease
➢ Malignant (cancerous) tumors grow more rapidly,
tend to metastasize, and usually cause deathunless
HYPERTENSION
growth can be controlled
METASTASIS
Cancer cells often travel to other parts of the
body where they begin to grow and replace
normal tissue.
➢ Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
(COPD)
✓ airflow limitation
✓ due to chronic bronchitis and emphysema
✓ Cigarette smoking is the primary cause
✓ Cough, sputum production, dyspnea, chest
Tightness, Weight loss
✓ Diagnoses is confirmed by SPIROMETRY
✓ To give oxygen at 1 to 3 liter even if hypoxia
is severe