CHAPTER 1- APPLICATIONS OF MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS

5 MARK

[ ]
8 −6 2
1. If A= −6 7 −4 , Verify that A(adj A)=(adj A) A¿| A| I 3
2 −4 3

[ ]
−8 1 4
1
2. If A= 9 4 4 7 , prove that A−1= AT
1 −8 4

[ ]
6 −3 a
1
3. If A= 7 b −2 6 is orthogonal, find a,b and c and hence A
−1

2 c 3

[5
4. If A= −1
3
−2 ], show that A -3A-7I =O , hence find A
2
2 2
−1

[ ]
0 1 1
1
5. If A= , show that = 2 ( A −3 I )
−1 2
1 0 1 A
1 1 0

[ ]
3 1 4
6. Show that the matrix 2 0 −1 is non-singular and reduce it to the
5 2 1
identity matrix by elementary row transformations.

[ ] [ ]
−4 4 4 1 −1 1
7. If A= −7 1 3 and B= 1 −2 −2 , find the products AB and BA and
5 −3 −1 2 1 3
hence solve the system of equations x-y+z=4, x-2y-2z=9, 2x+y+3z=1.
8. Solve the following systems of linear equations by matrix inversion
method.
(i) 2x+3y-z=9, x+y+z=9 , 3x-y-z=-1 (ii) x+y+z-2=0, 6x-4y+5z-
31=0, 5x+2y+2z=13
9. Solve the following systems of linear equations by cramer’s rule:
(i) 3x+3y-z=11, 2x-y+2z=9, 4x+3y+2z=25
3 4 2 1 2 1 2 5 4
(ii) − −
x y z - 1= 0 , + + −2=0 ,
x y z
− − +1=0
x y z
10. The prices of three commodities A,B and C are : x,y and z per unit
respectively. A person P purchases 4 units of B and sells two units of A
and 5 units of C. Person Q purchases 2 units of C and sells 3 units of A
and one unit of B. Person R purchases one unit of A and sells 3 units of
B and one unit of C. In the process, P, Q and R earn Rs.15000/-, Rs
1,000/- and Rs. 4,000/- respectively. Find the prices per unit of A,B
and C. (Use matrix inversion method to solve the problem).
11. In a T20 match, Chennai Super Kings needed just 6 runs to win
with 1 ball left to go in the last over. The last ball bowled and the
batsman at the crease hit it high up. The ball traversed along a path in
a vertical plane and the equation of the path is y=a x2+bx+c with
respect to a xy coordinate system in the vertical plane and the ball
traversed through the points (10,8), (20,16), (40,22). Can you
conclude that Chennai Super Kings won the match? Justify your
answer ( All distances are measured in metres and the meeting point
of the plane of the path with the farthest boundary line is (70,0).
( Cranmer's rule).
12. A family of 3 people went out for dinner in a restaurant. The cost
of two dosai, three idlis and two vadais is Rs.150. The cost of two
dosai, two idlis and four vadais is Rs. 200. The cost of five dosai, four
idlis and two vadais is Rs.250. The family has Rs. 350 in hand and they
ate 3 dosai and six idlis and six vadais. Will they be able to manage to
pay the bill within the amount they had ?
13. Solve the following system of linear equations, by Gaussian
elimination method:
(i ) 4 x+3 y +6 z=25 , x +5 y +7 z=13 , 2 x +9 y + z=1

(ii ) 2 x−2 y+ 3 z =2, x +2 y−z=3 , 3 x− y +2 z =1

14. The upward speed of v(t) of a rocket at the time t is approximated

by v (t )=at 2+bt+c, 0 ≤ t ≤ 100, where a, b and c are constants. It has been
found that the speed at times t=3, t=6 and t=9 seconds are
respectively 64, 133 and 208 miles per second. Find the speed at time
t=15 seconds. ( Use Gaussian elimination method).
15. If a x 2 +bx +c is divided by x+3, x-5 and x-1, the remainders are 21,61
and 9 respectively. Find a,b and c. ( Use Gaussian elimination method).
16. An amount of Rs.65000 is invested in three bonds at the rates of 6
%, 8 % and 9 % per annum respectively. The total annual income is
Rs.4,800. The income from the third bond is Rs.600 more than that
from the second bond. Determine the price of each bond. ( Use
Gaussian elimination method).
17. A boy is walking along the path y=a x2 +bx +c ,through the points (-
6,8), (-2,12), and (3, 8). He wants to meet his friend at P (7,60). Will he
meet his friend? ( Use Gaussian elimination method).
18. Test for consistency of the following system of linear equations
and, if possible, solve:
(i) x+2y-z=3, 3x-y+2z=1, x-2y+3z=3, x-y+z+1=0
(ii) 4x-2y+6z=8 , x+y-3z= -1, 15x-3y+9z=21
19. Find the condition on a , b and c so that the following system of
linear equations has one parameter family of solutions: x+y+z=a,
x+2y+3z=b, 3x+5y+7z=c.
20. Investigate what values of λ and µ the system of linear equations
has (i) no solution, (ii) a unique solution (iii) an infinite number of
solutions:
(i) X+2y +z=7, x+y+λz=µ, x+3y-5z=5
(ii) 2x+3y+5z=9, 7x+3y-5z=8, 2x+3y+λz=µ
21. Find the value of k for which the equations kx-2y+z=1, x-2ky+z= -
2, x-2y+kz=1, have (i) no solution (ii) unique solution (iii) infinitely
many solutions.
22. Determine the values of λ for which the following system of
equations (3 λ-8)x+ 3y+3z=0, 3x+(3 λ-8)y+3z=0, 3x+3y+(3 λ-8)=0
has a non-trivial solution.
23. By the Gaussian elimination method, balance the chemical
equation: (i) C 5 H 8 +O2 →C O 2+ H 2 O
ii) C 2 H 6❑+O2 → H 2 O+ C O2

24. If the system of equations px+ by+cz=0, ax+qy+cz=0, ax+by+rz=0

has a non trivial solution and if the system of equations px+by+cz=0,
ax+qy+cz=0, ax+by+rz=0 has a non trivial solution and p≠ a , q ≠ b, r≠ c ,
prove that
 p q r
+ + =2.
p−a q−b r−c

25. Determine the values of λ for which the following system of

equations x+y+3z=0, 4x+3y+ λz=0, 2x+y+2z=0 , had (i)a unique
solution (ii) a non trivial solution.

3 MARK:

[ ]
2 −1 3
26. Find the inverse of the matrix −5 3 1
−3 2 3

[ ]
7 7 −7
27. Find matrix A if adj(A)= −1 11 7
11 5 7

[ ]
−1 2 2
28. If adj(A)= 1 1 2 find A
−1

2 2 1

[ 2 97]
29. Verify the property with( AT )−1=( A−1)T with A= 1

30. Verify ( AB¿ ¿ = B A with A=[ 1 4 ], B=[ 0 −1 ]

−1 −1 0 −3
−1 −2 −3

31. Prove that [ sin ∅ cos ∅ ] is orthogonal.

cos ∅ −sin ∅

[ ]
2 2 1
1
32. Find the adjoint of 3
−2 1 2
1 −2 2

[ ]
cos α 0 sin α
33. If F(α ¿= , show that [ F (α )]
−1
0 1 0 =F (−α )
−sin α 0 cos α

[ ]
1 0 1
34. Find adj(adj(A)) if adj A= 0 2 0
−1 0 1

[ 1
35. A= −tanx ], show that A A =[cossin 22xx −sin
tan x
1 cos 2 x ]
2x
T −1

36. Find the matrix A for which A[−1 −2 ]=[ 7 7 ]

5 3 14 7

37. Find the ranksType equation here . of each of the following matrices
 [ ]
3 2 5
(i) 1 1 2
3 3 6

38. Solve the following system of linear equations using matrix

inversion method.
(i) 5x+2y=3, 3x+2y=5 (ii) 2x+5y=-2 , x+2y=3
39. Solve the following systems of linear equations by Cramer’s rule
3 2
(i) 5x-2y+16=0, x+3y-7=0 (ii) x
+2 y=12 , +3 y =13
x
40. A man is appointed in a job with a monthly salary of certain
amount and a fixed amount of annual increment. If his salary was
Rs.19800/- per month at the end of the first month after 3 years of
service and Rs.23400/- per month at the end of the first month after 9
years of service, find his starting salary and his annual increment.
( Use matrix inversion method to solve the problem).
41. 4 men and 4 women can finish a piece of work jointly in 3 days
while 2 men and 5 women can finish the same work jointly in 4 days.
Find the time taken by one man alone and that of one women alone to
dinish the same work by using matrix inversion method.
42. In a competitive examination, one mark is awarded for every
1
correct answer while 4 mark is deducted for every wrong answer. A
student answered 100 questions and got 80 marks. How many questions
did he answer correctly? ( use Cramer’s rule to solve the problem).
43. A chemist has one solution which is 50% acid and another solution
which is 25% acid. How much each should be mixed to make 10 litres of a
40% acid solution. ( Use Cramer’s rule to solve the problem).
44. A fish tank can be filled in 10 minutes using both pumps A and B
simultaneously. However , pump B can pump water in or out at the same
rate. If pump B is inadvertently run in reverse, then the tank will be filled
in 30 minutes. How long would it take each pump to fill the tank by itself?
( Use Cramer’s rule to solve the problem).
45. Test the consistency of the following system of linear equations
x-y+z=-9, 2x-y+z=4, 3x-y+z=6
47. Decrypt the received encoded message[ 2−3 ] [ 20 4 ] with the encryption
matrix [−12 −11 ] and the decryption matrix as its inverse, where the
system of codes are described by the numbers 1-26 to the letters AZ
respectively, and the number 0 to a blank space.
2 MARK
48 . Find the inverse (if it exists) of (i) [−21 −34 ] (ii) [ ac bd ]
49. Find the rank of the following matrices by minor method.

[ ] [ ]
−1 3 1 −2 3
(i) [ 2 −4
−1 2 ] (ii) 4 −7
3 −4
(iii) 2 4 −6
5 1 −1

50. Test the consistency of the following system of linear equations

x-y+z=9, 2x-2y+2z=18, 3x-3y+3z+27=0
51. If a square matrix has an inverse, then it is unique.
1
52. If A is non-singular, prove that (i) | A−1|=| A|
1 −1
(ii) (λ A)−1= λ A , where λ is a non-zero scalar.

53. (i) State and prove left cancellation law (ii) Right cancellation law
(iii) Reversal law of inverse (iv) Law of double inverse.
[Link] A is a non-singular square matrix of order n, then prove
1
(i) ( Adj A)−1= Adj ( A)−1=| A| A (ii) | Adj A| = | A|n−1
54. If A is a non-singular matrix of odd order, prove that| Adj A| is positive.
55. If A is symmetric, prove that adj A is also symmetric.
56. If A and B are any two non-singular matrices of order n, than
adj(AB)= adj(B) adj( A).

( )
−1 2 2
57. If adj A = 1 1 2 , find A-1
2 2 1

CHAPTER -2 COMPLEX NUMBERS

5 MARK
1. If z = x+iy is a complex number such that Im ( 2iz+x +11 )=0 , show that the
locus of z is 2 x 2+2 y 2 + x−2 y=0.
2. If z=x+iy and arg ( z−1 ) π
z +1 2 , show that
= x + y =1
2 2

3. If z=x+iy and arg ( z +2 )= 4 , show that x + y + 3 x−3 y +2=0

z−1 π 2 2

4. If ( x 1 +iy1 ) ( x 2+iy 2 ) ( x3 +iy 3 ) ...... ( x n +iyn )=a+ib, show that

(i) ( x 21 + y 21 )( x 22 + y 22 )( x 23 + y 23 ) .... ( x 2n+ y 2n )=a2 +b2

( ) ()
n
yr −1 b
(ii) ∑ tan
−1
=tan +2 k π
r=1 xr a
1+ z
5. If 1−z = cos2θ+isin2θ show that z= itanθ
6. Solve the equation z 3 +8 i=0 where z ϵ C
1 1
7. If 2cosα =x + x and 2cos β= y + y show that
x y
(i) + =2 cos ( α −β )
y x
1
(ii) xy - xy =2isin
(α +β )
m n
x y
(iii) n
y x
− m = 2iSin( mα −nβ )
m n 1
(iv) x y+ m
x y
n = 2cos( mα +nβ )
8. Find all the cube roots of √ 3 + I
9. Suppose z 1 z 2∧z 3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in
the circle |z|=2. If z 1=i+ √ 3 , then find z 2∧z 3.
10. If cosα +cos β + cosγ = sinα +sin β+ ¿sinγ =0 show that
(i) cos3 α + ¿cos3 β +cos 3 γ = 3cos( α + β+ γ )
(ii) Sin3α +sin 3 β +sin3γ = 3sin( α + β+ γ )
11. If z 1 , z 2 , z 3 are three complex numbers such that
|z 1|=1, |z 2|=2, |z 3|=3 and |z 1 + z 2+ z 3|=1, show that
 |9 z 1 z 2 + 4 z 1 z 3+ z2 z 3=6|
12. Let z1 , z2 , z3 are three complex numbers such that
|z 1|=|z 2|=|z 3|=r > 0 and z 1+ z2 + z 3 ≠0 , Prove that

| z 1 z 2+ z1 z 3+ z2 z 3
z 1 + z 2+ z 3 |= r.
13. Find the values of the real numbers x and y, if the complex numbers
(3-i)x - (2-i)y +2i + 5 and 2x + (-1+2i)y + 3 + 2i are equal.
14. Find the values of the real numbers x and y, if the complex numbers
(2+ i) x +(1- i)y+2i-3 and x+(-1+2i)y+1+i are equal.
15. Show that (i) ( 2+i √3 )10−( 2−i √3 )10is purely imaginary

( ) ( )
12 12
19−7 i 20−5i
(iii) 9+i
+
7−6 i
is real
−1 √ 3 −1 √ 3
16. Show that the points 1, 2
+i
2
and 2
−i
2
are vertices of an
equilateral triangle.
3 MARK:
17. Find the square root of the following complex numbers
(i) 4+3i (ii) -6+8i (iii) -5-12i (iv) 6-8i
−2
18. Find the principal argument Argz, when z = 1+ i √ 3
19. Show that the following equation represent a circle, also find centre
and radius (i) |z−2−i|=3 (ii) |2 z +2−4 i|=2
(ii) |3 z−6+ 12i|=8 (iv) |3 z−5+i|=¿4
20. Show that |z +2−i|< ¿2 represent interior points of a circle. Find its
centre and radius.
21. If z=x+iy is a complex number such that | z−4
z +4 i |=1. Show that the locus
i

of z is real axis.
22. Obtain the Cartesian equation for the locus z=x+iy in each of the
following cases
(i) |z−4|=16 (ii) |z−4|2−|z−1|2 =16.
23. Given complex number z=3+2i, represent the complex numbers, z iz
and z+iz in Argand plane. Show that these complex numbers form the
vertices of an isosceles right triangle.
24. Show that the equation z 3 +2 z=0 had five solutions.
25. Show that the equation z 2=z has four solutions.
26. If |z|=2 , show that 3≤|z+ 3=4 i| ≤ 7.
27. If |z|=1, show that 2≤|z 2−3|≤ 4.
28. For any two complex numbers z 1∧z 2, such that |z 1|=| z2|=1and z 1 z 2 ≠ 1,
z1 + z2
then show that 1+ z1 z 2
is real.
29. Find z−1, if z = (2+3i)(1-i).
1 1 1
30. The complex numbers u,v and w are related by = +
u v w if v=3-4i and
w= 4+3i, find u in rectangular form.
31. Which one of the points i, -2+i, and 3 is farthest from origin.
32. Which one of the points 10-8i, 11+6i is closest to 1+i.
[Link] z 1 z 2∧z 3 are complex numbers such that |z 1|=| z2|=¿ ǀZ3ǀ |z 1|=1

2 MARK
33. If the area of the triangle formed by the vertices z, iz , z+iz is 50
square units. Find the value of |z|.
34. Write in polar form (i) -1-i (ii) 3-i√ 3 (iii) 2+i√ 3
35. Simplify the following
10

(i ) i 1948
−i
1869
(ii) ii 2 3 4
i i ...i
2000
(iii) ∑ in +50
n =1

36. Evaluate the following if z = 5 - 2i and w = -1 +3 I

(i) Z - iw (ii) z 2+ 2 z +w 2 (iii) 2z + 3w (iv) zw

( ) ( ) into rectangular form.

3 3
1+i 1−i
37. Simplify 1−i
−
1+i
z +3 1+4 i
38. If z−5 i
=
2 , find the complex number z in rectangular form.
39. If z = x + iy , find the following in rectangular form
(i) Re ( 1z ) (ii) Re( iz ) (iii) Im(3z+4 z -4i)
2i
40. Find the modulus of the following complex numbers (i) 3+4 i
2−i 1−2 i
(ii) +
1+i 1−i (iii) ( 1−i )10 (iv) 2i(3 - 4i) ( 4 - 3i).
41. Obtain the Cartesian form of the locus of z = x + iy in each of the
following cases
(i) [ ℜ(iz)] =3 (ii) Im[(1−i) z+ 1 ]= 0 (iii) |z +i|=| z−1|
2

(iii) z = z−1
42. If ω=1 is the cube root of unity show that
(i) ( 1−ω+ω 2 )6 + ( 1+ω−w 2 )6= 128
(ii) (1 + ω ¿ (1+ω2 )(1+ω 4 )(1+ω8 )....(1+ ω2 )=1
11

CHAPTER 3- THEORY OF EQUATIONS

5 MARK:
1. If the equation x 2+ px +q=0 and x 2+ ṕ x + q́ = 0 have a common root, show
p q́− ṕ q q−q́
that it must be equal to q− q́ or ṕ− p .
2. If 2 + i and 3-√ 2 are roots of the equation
x −13 x + 62 x −126 x + 65 x +127 x−140=0, find all the roots.
6 5 4 3 2

3. Find all the zeroes of the polynomial x 6−3 x 5−5 x 4 +22 x3 −39 x2−39 x +135 , if it
is known that 1+2i and √ 3 are two of its zeroes.
4. Determine k and solve the equation 2 x 3−6 x 2 +3 x+ k=0 if one of its roots is
twice the sum of the other two roots.
5. Solve the following equation: x 4 −10 x 3 +26 x 2−10 x+ 1=0
6. Solve the equations (i) 6 x 4 −35 x 3 +62 x 2−35 x+6=0
(iii) 4 3
x +3 x −3 x−1=0
1
7. Solve the equations 6 x 4 −5 x 3−38 x 2−5 x +6=0if it is known that 3 is a
solution.
8. Solve the equation x 3−9 x 2 +14 x+ 24=0 if it is given that two of its roots are
in the ratio 3 : 2 .
9. Find a polynomial equation of minimum degree with rational
coefficients, having √ 5− √3 as a root.
3 MARK

construct a quadratic equation whose roots are α +¿2 and β +¿2.

10. If α ∧β are the roots of the quadratic equation 17 x 2+ 43 x−73=0,

11. If α ∧β are the roots of the quadratic equation 2 x 2−7 x +13=0 , construct
a quadratic equation whose roots are α 2∧β 2.
12. Find the sum of the squares of the roots of a x 4 +b x 3 +c x2+dx+e=0.
13. If p is real, discuss the nature of the roots of the equation 4
x + 4 px + p+2=0 , in terms of p.
2

14. If α , β andγ are the roots of the cubic equation x 3 +2 x 2 +3 x+ 4=0 , form a
cubic equation whose roots are
(i) 2α ,2 β ,2γ (iii) - α ,−β , -γ .
1 1 1
(ii) , ,
α β γ

15. Find the sum of squares of the roots of the equation 2 x 4 −8 x3 +6 x 2-3=0.
16. If α , β ,γ and δ are the roots of the polynomial equation 2

roots are α + β+ γ + δ and αβγδ .

x +5 x −7 x + 8=0, find a quadratic equation with integer coefficients whose
4 3 2

17. If p and q are the roots of the equation, lx2+nx+x = 0, show that

√ √ √
p
q
+ q
p
+ n
l
=0

18. A 12 metres tall tree was broken into two parts. It was found that the
height of the part which was left standing was the cube root of the length
of the part that was cut away. Formulate this into a mathematical
problem to find the height of the part which was cut away.
19. Form a polynomial equation with integer coefficients with √ as a
root.
2
√ √3

20. Solve the cubic equation with 2 x 3−x 2−18 x+ 9=0 if sum of two of its
roots vanishes.
21. Discuss the maximum possible number of negative and positive zeros
of the polynomials x 2−5 x+ 6 and x 2−5 x+ 16. Also draw rough sketch of their
graphs.
2 MARK
22. If α , β∧γ are the roots of the equation x 3 + p x 2 +qx +r =0, find the value of
1
∑ βγ in terms of coefficients.

23. Construct a cubic equation with roots (i) 1, 2 and 3 (ii) 1,1 and -2
1
(ii) 2, 2 and 1.
24. Find the monic polynomial equation of minimum degree with real
coefficients having 2-√ 3i as a root.
25. Find a polynomial equation of minimum degree with real coefficients
having 2-√ 3 as a root.
26. Show that the equation 2 x 2−6 x +7=0 cannot be satisfied by any real
values of x.
27. If x 2+ 2(k +2) x+ 9 k =0 has roots, find k.
28. Show that if p,q,r are rational, the roots of the equation
x −2 px + p −q +2 qr +r =0 are rational.
2 2 2 2

29. Solve the following equations

(i) 2 x 3−9 x 2 +10 x =3 (ii) 8 x 3−2 x 2−7 x+ 3=0 (iii) x 4 −14 x 2+ 45=0
30. Determine the number of positive and negative roots of the following
polynomial equations
(i) 9 x 9−4 x 8+ 4 x 7−3 x 6 +2 x 5+ x 3 +7 x 2+ 7 x+2=0
(ii) x 9−5 x 8−14 x 7=0
31. Find the exact number of real zeros and imaginary zeros of the
polynomial x 9 +9 x 7+ 5 x 5 +5 x 3+ 3 x .

CHAPTER 4 INVERSE TRIGNOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

5 MARK
1. Find the domain of sin−1 ¿ ¿)

( )
2
x +1
2. Find the domain of the following f(x)=sin −1
2x

3. Find the domain of cos ( 2+sin3 x ) −1

4. Find the domain of f(x)=sin ( 3 )+ cos ( 4 )

|x|−2 1−|x| −1 −1

−1 x
5. Prove that tan(sin x ¿=
√1−x 2 , -1
¿ ¿ x <¿ 1.

6. Evaluate sin sin [ () −1

( )]
3
5
+ sec−1
5
4

7. Find the value of (i) sin( tan ( 2 )−cos ( 5 ))

1 4 −1 −1

(iii) cos(sin ( 5 )−tan ( 4 )).

4
−1 3 −1

3 MARK
8. Sketch the graph of y= sin ( 13 x ) for 0 ≤ x< ¿ 6π
−1 π
9. Find the domain of the following g(x)= 2sin ( 2 x−1 )
4

10. Find the value of sin

−1
( sin 59π cos π9 + cos 59π sin π9 )
11. Is cos−1 (−x ) =π −cos−1 ( x) true? Justify your answer.
12. Find the value of (i) cos
−1
( 12 )+sin −1
(−1 )

−1
(ii) tan (−1)+ cos
−1 1
2 +
−1 −1
sin (
2
) (iii) sec−1 ( −23√3 )
(iii) tan−1 ( √3 )- sec−1 (−2) (v) cot−1 (1)+sin−1 ( −2√3 )−sec −1
(− √ 2 )
13. Find the value of cos
−1
( ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )).
cos
π
7
cos
π
17
−sin
π
7
sin
π
17
π
14. For what value of x , the inequality 2
−1
¿ cos (3 x−1)< π holds ?

15. Find the value of cos ( ( ) ( ))

−1
cos
4
5
+sin
−1 4
5

16. Find the value of cos−1 ( ( ))+ ( ( )).

cos
4π
3
cos
−1
cos
5π
4

17. Find the domain of the tan−1 ( √ 9−x 2 )

18. Find the value of (i) tan ( 2

( 1
)−sin (
−1
cos
2 )
−1
) (ii)
−1
sin( 2 1
5 )
tan ( )−cos ( )
4 −1 −1

19. Show that cot

−1
(√ ) 1
2
x −1
=sec x ,|x|> 1
−1

2 MARK
20. Find the principal value of (i) sin
−1
()
1
2 (ii) sin−1 (2) (iii) sin
−1
( )
1
√2

(iv) cos−1 √2
3
( ) ( −1
(v)cos√ 2 ) (vi)
−1
tan ( √ 3 ) (viii) csc (−1) (viii)
−1 −1

sec (−2) (ix) sec ( ) (x) cot ( √ 3)(xi) csc (− √ 2 )

−1 2
−1 −1 −1
√3

21. Find the principal value of (i) sin ( sin ( 6 )) (ii) sin ( sin ( 3 )) (iii)
5π −1 2π −1

−1
( 54π )) (iv) sin ( sin ( −π3 )) (v) cos (cos ( −π3 )) (vi)
sin sin (
−1 −1

cos
−1
( ( )) (vii) ( ( )) (viii) (
cos
−π
3
tan
−1
tan
3π
5
tan−1 tan
3π
5 )
22. Find all the values of x such that −10 π ≤ x ≤ 10 π and sin x=0
23. Find all the values of x such that −8 π ≤x ≤ 8 π and sin x=-1
24. Find the period and amplitude(i) y= sin 7x (ii)y= -sin ( 13 x )
(iii) y= 4 sin(-2x)
25. Fin all values of x such that −6 π ≤ x ≤ 6 π and cos x=0
26. Find all values of x such that −5 π ≤ x≤ 5 π and cos x=1
27. State the reason for
−1
cos
( ( )) -
cos
−π
6
≠
π
6.

28. Find the domain of g(x)=sin−1 x +cos−1 x

1 −1 π
29. Find the domain of the following : tan ( 1−x ) −
2
2 4

30. Find the value of (i) tan ( ( )) (ii) tan(

tan
−1 7π
4
tan (1947 ))
−1
(iii) tan ( tan−1 (−0.2021 ) )
(iv) tan ( tan−1 ( 2019 ) )
31. If cot( 71 )= θ, find the value of cos θ.
−1

32. Find the value of sin (−1 ) +cos ( 2 )+cot

1 −1 −1 −1
(2)

33. Find the value of sin[ 3 −sin ( 2 )].

π −1 −1

−1 x
34. Prove that sin x=
√ 1−x 2 for
|x|<¿ 1.

CHAPTER 5- TWO DIMENSIONAL ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY

5 MARK
1. A bridge has a parabolic arch that is 10 m high in the centre and 30 m
wide at the bottom. Find the height of the arch 6m from the centre on
either sides.
2. At a water fountain, water attains a maximum height of 4m at
horizontal distance of 0.5m from its origin. If the path of water is a
parabola, find the height of water at a horizontal distance of 0.75m from
the point of origin.
3. Assume that water issuing from the end of a horizontal pipe, 7.5m
above the ground, describes a parabolic path. The vertex of the parabolic
path is at the end of the pipe. At a position 2.5m below the line of the
pipe, the flow of water has curved outward 3m beyond the vertical line
through the end of the pipe. How far beyond this vertical line will the
water strike the ground?
4. On lighting a rocket cracker it gets projected in a parabolic path and
reaches a maximum height of 4m when it is 6m away from the point of
projection. Finally if reaches the ground 12m away from the starting
point. Find the angle of projection.
5. A engineer designs a satellite dish with a parabolic cross section. The
dish is 5m wide at the opening, and the focus is places 1.2 m from the
vertex.
(a) Position a coordinate system with the origin at the vertex and the x-
axis on the parabola’s axis of symmetry and find an equation of the
parabola.
(b) Find the depth of the satellite dish at the vertex.
6. Parabolic cable of a 60m portion of the roadbed of a suspension bridge
are positioned as shown below. Vertical cables are to be spaced every 6m
along this portion of the roadbed. Calculate the lengths of first two of the
vertical cable from the vertex.
7. A rod of length 1.2m moves with its ends always touching the
coordinate axis. The locus of a point P on the rod, which is 0.3m form the
end in contact with x-axis is an ellipse. Find the eccentricity.
8. A tunnel through a mountain for a four lane highway is to have a
elliptical opening. The total width of the highway( not the opening) is to
be 16m, and the height at the edge of the road must be sufficient for a
truck 4m high to clear if the highest point of the opening is to be 5m
approximately. How wide must the opening be?
9. A semi-elliptical archway over a one-way road has a height of 3m and a
width of 12m. The truck has a width of 3m and a height of 2.7m. Will the
truck clear the opening of the archway?
10. Cross section of a nuclear cooling tower is in the shape of a hyperbola
2 2
x y
with equation 2
30 44
− 2 =1. The tower is 150m tall and the distance from
the top of the tower to the cnetre of the hyperbola is half the distance
from the bases of the tower to the centre of the hyperbola. Find the
diameter of the top and base of the tower.
11. Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (1,1), (2,-1)
and (3,2).
12. Find the vertex, focus directrix and length of the latus rectum of the
parabola (i) x 2−4 x−5 y−1=0 (ii) x 2−2 x+ 8 y+17=0 (iii) y 2−4 y−8 x +12=0.
13. Find the foci, vertices and length of major an minor axis of the conic
4 x 2+ 36 y 2+ 40 x−288 y +532=0
14. For the ellipse 4 x 2+ y 2+24x-2y+21=0 find the centre, vertices and foci.
Also prove that the length of latus rectum is 2.
15. Find the centre, foci, and eccentricity of the hyperbole:
2 2
11 x −25 y −44 x+ 50 y −256=0

16. Identify the type of conic and find the centre, foci, vertices and
directrices of each of the following:
(i) 18 x 2+ 12 y 2−144 x+ 48 y +120=0
(ii) 9 x 2− y 2−36 x−6 y+ 18=0
17. Show that the line x-y+4=0 is tangent to the ellipse x 2+ 3 y 2=2. Also find
the coordinates of the point of contact.
3 MARK
18. Find the equation of the circle describe on the chord 3x+y+5=0 of the
circle x 2+ y 2=16 as a diameter.
19. A line 3x+4y+10=0 cuts a chord of length 6 units on a circle with
centre of the circle (2,1). Find the equations of the circle in general form.
20. A circle of radius 3 units touches both axis. Find the equation of all
possible circles formed in the general form.
21. Find the centre and radius of the circle3 x 2+(a+1) y 2 +6 x−9 y +a+ 4=0.
22. Find the equations of the tangent and normal to the circle x 2+ y 2=25 at
P(-3,4).
23. Find the equation of the circles that touch both the axes and pass
through (-4,-2) in general form.
24. Find the equation of the circle with centre (2,3) and passing through
the intersection of the lines 3x-2y-1=0 and 4x+y-27=0.
25. A circle of area 9 π square units has two of its diameters along the
lines x+y=5 and x-y=1. Find the equation of the circle.
26. Find the equation of the tangent and normal to the circle
x + y −6 x +6 y−8=0 at (2,2).
2 2

27. Determine whether the points (-2,1) (0,0) and (-4,-3) lie outside, on or
inside the circle x 2+ y 2−5 x+ 2 y −5=0.
28. If the equation 3 x 2+(3−p) xy +qy 2−2 px=8 pq represents a circle, find p and
q. Also determine the centre and radius of the circle.
29. Find the equation of the parabola whose vertex is (5,-2) and focus (2,-
2).
30. Find the equation of the parabola with vertex (-1,-2) axis parallel to y-
axis and passing through (3,6).
31. Find the equation of the ellipse with foci (± 2 ,0 ¿ vertices ¿3,0)
1
32. Find the equation of the ellipse whose eccentricity is 2 , one of the
foci is (2,3) and a directrix is x=7. Also find the length of the major and
minor axes of the ellipse.
33. Find the equation of the hyperbola with vertices (0,± 4 ¿∧foci ¿6).
34. Find the vertices, foci for the hyperbola 9 x 2−16 y 2=144.

35. Find the equation of the ellipse in each of the cases given:
1
(i) Foci (± 3 , 0¿ e= 2
(ii) foci (0,± 4 ¿and end points of major axis are (0,± 5 ¿
3
(iii) Length of latus rectum 8, eccentricity= 5 and major axis on x-axis.
(iv) Length of latus rectum 4, distance between foci 4√ 2 and major axis as
y axis.
36. Find the equation of the hyperbola in each of the cases given below:
3
(i) Foci (± 2 ,0 ¿, eccentricity= 2
(ii) Centre (2,1) one of the foci (8,1) and corresponding directrix=4
(iii) Passing through (5,-2) and length of the transverse axis along x-axis
and of length 8 units
37. Find the vertex, focus equation of directrix and length of the latus
rectum of the following:
(i) 2
y =16 x (ii) x 2=24 y (iii) 2
y =−8 x

38. Identify the type of conic and find the centre, foci, vertices and
directrices of each of th following:
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
x y x y x y y x
(i) + =1
25 9
(ii) + =1
3 10
(iii 25 −
144
=1 (iv) − =1
16 9
39. Show that the absolute value of difference of the focal distances of
any point P on the hyperbola is the length of its transverse axis.
40. Identify the type of conic and find the centre, foci, vertices and
directrices of the following:
( x−3 )2 ( y−4 )2 ( x+1 )2 ( y−2 )2 ( x+3 )2 ( y−4 )2
(i) 225
+
289
=1 (ii) 100
+
289
=1 (iii) 225
−
64
=1
( y−2 )2 ( x +1 )2
iv) 25
−
16
=1
42. Find the equations of tangent and normal to parabola x 2+ 6 x+ 4 y +5=0
at (1,-3).
[Link] the equations of two tangents that can be drawn from (5,2) to
the ellipse 2 x 2+7 y 2=14.
2 2
x y
[Link] the equations of tangents to the hyperbola −
16 64
=1 which are
parallel to 10x-3y+9=0
45. Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola y =16 x ,
2

perpendicular to 2x+2y+3=0.
46. Find the equation of the tangent at t=2 to the parabola 2
y =8 x

47. Find the equations of the tangent and normal to hyperbola

π
12 x −9 y =108 at θ= .
2 2
3

48. Prove that the point of intersection of the tangent t 1∧t 2 on the
parabola y 2=4 ax is [ a t 1 t 2 , a ( t1 +t 2 ) ].
49. If the normal at the point t 1on the parabola 2
y =4 ax meets the
parabola at the point t 2, then prove that t 2= t1 + t1 . ( ) 2
50. Find the equations of tangent and normal to the ellipse x 2+ y 2=32 whenθ
=
π
4.

51. The maximum and minimum distances of the earth from the sun
respectively are 152 * 106km and 94.5 *106km. The sun is at one focus of
the elliptical orbit. Find the distance from the sun to the other focus.
52. The parabolic communication antenna has a focus at 2m distance
from the vertex of the antenna. Find the width of the antenna 3m from
the vertex.
1
53. The equation y = 32 x models cross sections of parabolic mirrors that
2

are used for solar energy. There is a heating tube located at the focus of
each parabola; how high is this tube located above the vertex of the
parabola?
2 2
x y
54. An equation of the elliptical part of an optical lens system is +
16 9
=
1 . The parabolic part of the system has a focus in common with the right
focus of the ellipse. The vertex of the parabola is at the origin and the
parabola opens to the right. Determine the equation of the parabola.
( x−11)2 y 2
55. If the equation of the ellipse is 484
+
64
=1 and (x and y are
measured in centimetres) where to the nearest centimeter, should the
patient’s kidney stone be placed so that the reflected sound hits the
kidney stone?

2 MARK
[Link] the general equation of a circle with centre( -3,-4) and radius 3
units.
57. Determine whether x+y-1=0 is the equation of a diameter fo the circle
x + y −6 x +4 y+ c=0 for all possible vaules of c.
2 2

58. Find the general equation of the circle whose diameter is the line
segment joining the points ( -4,-2) and (1,1).
59. Examine the position of the point ( 2,3) with respect to the circle
x + y −6 x−8 y +12=0.
2 2
60. The line 3x+4y-12=0 meets the coordinate axes A and B. Find the
equation of the circle drawn on AB as diameter.
61. If y = 4x+c is a tangent to the circle x 2+ y 2=9, find c.
62. Obtain the equation of the circles with radius 5 cm and touching x-
axis at the origin in general form.
63. Find the equation of the circle with centre (2,-1) and passing through
the point(3,6) in standard form.
64. Obtain the equation of the circle for which (3,4) and (2,-7) are the
ends of a diameter.
65. If y=2√ 2 x +c is a tangent to the circle x 2+ y 2=16 , find the value of c.
66. Find the center and radius of the following circles:
(i) x 2+( y +2)2=0 (ii) x 2+ y 2+ 6 x−4 y+ 4=0 (iii) x 2+ y 2−x+ 2 y −3=0 (iv)
2 x +2 y −6 x + 4 y +2=0 .
2 2

67. Find the length of latus rectum of the parabola y =4 ax .

2

2 2
x y
68. Find the length of latus rectum of the ellipse 2
a b
+ 2 = 1
69. Find the equation of the parabola with focus (-√ 2 ,0 ¿∧directrix x=√ 2.
70. Find the equation of the parabola in each of the cases given below:
(i) Focus (4,0) and directrix = -4 (ii) passes through (2,-3) and
symmetric about y axis. (iii) vertex (1,-2) and focus (4,-2)
iv) end points of latus rectum (4,-8) and (4,8).
71. Identify the type of conic sections for the equations y2 + 4x + 3y - 4 = 0

CHAPTER 6 APPLIATIONS OF VECTOR ALGEBRA

5 MARK
1. Using vector method , prove that cos(α −β )=cosα cos β + sinα sin β .
2. Prove by vector method that sin(α + β )= sinα cos β + cosα sin β .
3. By vector method, prove that cos(α +¿=cosα cosβ −sinα sinβ .
4. Prove by vector method sin(α −β )= sinα cos β - cosα sin β .
5. Prove by vector method that the perpendiculars( altitudes) from the
vertices to the opposite sides of a triangle are concurrent.
6. If a⃗ =i−
^ ^j, ^ ^j−4 k^ , c⃗ =3^j−k^
⃗ i−
b= and ^ ^j+ 4 k^ ,
⃗ 2i+5
d= verify that
(i) (a⃗∗b⃗ ¿∗(⃗c∗d⃗ )=[ ⃗a , b⃗ , d⃗ ] c⃗ −[ ⃗a , ⃗b , ⃗c , ] ⃗d .
(ii) (a⃗∗b⃗ ¿∗(⃗c∗d⃗ )=[ ⃗a , ⃗c , ⃗d ] ⃗b−[ ⃗b , ⃗c , ⃗d , ] ⃗a.
7. If ^ ^j-k^ ,
a⃗ =2 i+3 ⃗
b=3 ^ ^j+ 2 k^ , c⃗ =−i−2
i+5 ^ ^j+ 3 k^ , verify that
(i) (a⃗∗b⃗ ¿∗⃗c = (a⃗ . c⃗ ¿ ⃗b - (b⃗ . c⃗ ) a⃗
(ii) a⃗∗(⃗b . ⃗c )=(⃗a . c⃗ )b−(⃗
⃗ a . ⃗b)⃗c

x−3 y−3 x−6 z−1

8. Show that the lines 3 = −1 , z-1=0 and 2
=
3 , y-2=0 intersect.
Also find the point of intersection.
x−1 y −2 z−3
9. Find the point of intersection of the lines 2
=
3
=
4 and
x−4 y −1
5
=
2
= z.

10. Find the nonparametric form of vector equation and cartesian

equation of the plane passing through (2,3,6) and parallel to the straight
x−1 y +1 z−3 x+3 y −3 z +1
lines 2 = 3 = 1 and 2 = −5 = −3 .
11. Find the parametric form of vector equation and Cartesian equations
of the plane passing through the points (2,2,1), (9,3,6) and perpendicular
to the plane 2x+6y+6z=9
12. Find parametric form of vector equation and cartesian equations of
the plane passing through the points (2,2,1), ) 1,-2,3) and parallel to the
straight line passing through the points (2,1,-3) and ( -1,5,-8).
13. Find the non-parametric form of vector equation and cartesian
equation of the plane passing through the point (1,-2,4) and
perpendicular to the plane x+2y-3z=11 and parallel to the line
x+7 y +3 z
= = .
3 −1 1

14. Find the parametric form of vectro equation and cartesian equations
^ ^j+ 3 k^ )+ t(2 i−
of the plane containing the line r⃗ =(i− ^ ^j+ 4 k^ ) and perpendicular
^ ^j+ k^ )=8.
to the plane r⃗ .(i+2
15. Find the parametric vector, non-parametric vector and cartesian form
of the equations of the plane passing through the three non-collinear
points (3,6,-2), (-1,-2,6) and (6,-4,-2).
16. Find the non-parametric form of vector equation, and cartesian
equation of the plane passing through the point (0,1,-5) and parallel to
^ ^j−4 k^ )+ s(2 i+3
the straight lines r⃗ =(i+2 ^ ^j+6 k^ ) and r⃗ =( i−3
^ ^ + t(i+
^j+5 k) ^ ^j−7 k^ ).

17. Find the vector parametric, vector non-parametric and cartesian form
of the equation of the plane passing through the points (-1,2,0) , (2,2,-1)
x−1 2 y +1 z+1
and parallel to the straight line 1 = 2 = −1 .
18. Find the foot of the perpendicular drawn form the point (-1,2,3) to
the straight line r⃗ =(i−4
^ ^j+3 k^ )+ t(2 i+3
^ ^j+ k^ ). Also find the shortest distance
form the given point to the straight line.
19. Find the foot of the perpendicular drawn form the point (5,4,2) to
x+1 y−3 z−1
the straight line 2 = 3 = −1 . Also find the equation of perpendicular.
20. Find the parametric form of vector equation of a straight line passing
^ ^j− k^ )+ t(2
through the point of intersection of the straight lines r⃗ =(i+3
^ ^j+2 k^ ) and x−2 = y −4 = z +3 and perpendicular to both straight line.
i+3
1 2 4
^ ^j-2 k^ , b=3
21. If a⃗ =−2 i+3 ⃗ ^ ^j+3 k^ , c⃗ =2 i−5
i− ^ ^j+ k^ , find (a⃗∗b⃗ ¿∗⃗c and a⃗∗( ⃗b∗⃗c ). State
whether they are equal.
22. Find the vector equation in parametric form and cartesian equations
of a straight line passing through points (-5,7,-4) and (13,-5,2) . Find the
point where the straight line crosses the xy plane.
23. Find the points where the straight line passes through (6,7,4) and
(8,4,9) cuts the xz and yz planes. Find the point of intersection of the lines
x−1 y −2 z−3 y −1
2
=
3
=
4
and 5=
2
=¿z.

24. Find the parametric form of vector equation of a straight line passing
^ ^j−4 k^ )+ t(2
through the point of intersection of the straight line r⃗ =(i+3
^ ^j+2 k^ ) and x−2 = y −4 = z +3 , and perpendicular to both straight lines.
i+3
1 2 4
25. Determine whether the pair of straight lines r⃗ =(2 i+ ^ 6 ^j+3 k^ )+ t(2
^ ^j+4 k^ ) and r⃗ =(2 i−3
i+3 ^ k^ )+ s( i+2
^ ^j+3 k^ ) are parallel. Find the shortest
distance between them.
26. Show that the lines r⃗ =(−i−3 ^ ^j−5 k^ )+ s(3 i+5 ^ 4 ^j+ 6 k^ )+ t(
^ ^j+7 k^ ) and r⃗ =(2 i+
^
i+4 ^j+7 k^ ) are coplanar. Also, find the non parametric form of vector
equation of the plane containing these lines.
27. Show that the straight lines r⃗ =(5 i+7 ^ + s(4i+4
^ ^j−3 k) ^ ^j−5 k^ ) and
^
r⃗ =(8 i+4 ^j+5 k^ )+ t(7 i+
^ ^j+3 k^ ) are coplanar. Find the vector equation of the
plane in which they lie.
x−2 y −3 z−4 x−1 y −4 z−5
28. Show that the lines 1 = 1 = 3 and −3
=
2
=
1 are coplanar.
Also find the plane containing these lines.
x−1 y +1 z x+1 y +1 z
29. If the straight lines 2 = γ = 2 and 5 = 2 = γ are coplanar, find γ
and equations of the planes containing these two lines.
3 MARK
1. Cosine formulae, with usual notations, in any triangle ABC, prove the
following by vector method
(i) a 2=b2 +c 2−2 bc cos A
(ii) b 2=c 2+ a2−2 ca cos B
(iii) c 2=a2+ b2−2 ab cos C
2. Projection formulae, with usual notations, in any triangle ABC, prove
the following by vector method
(i) a = b cos C +c cos B (ii) b = c cos A + a cos C (iii) c= a cos B+b cosA
3. In triangle ABC , the points D, E,F are the midpoints of the sides BC, CA
and AB respectively. Using the vector method, show that the area of
1
triangle DEF is equal to 4 area of ABC.
^ ^j+ 6 k^ and −i−2
4. A particle acted upon by constant forces 2 i+5 ^ ^j−k^ is
displaced from the point (4,-3,-2) to the point (6,1,-3). Find the total
work done by the forces.
5. With usual notations, in any triangle ABC ,prove by vector method that
 a b c
= =
sin A sin B sin C

6. Apollonius’s theorem, If D is the midpoint of the side BC of triangle

ABC, then show by vector method that |⃗ AC| =2 (|⃗ BD| ) .
2 2 2 2
AB| +|⃗ AD| +|⃗

7. A particle is acted upon by the forces 3 i−2

^ ^j+2 k^ and 2 i+
^ ^j−k^ is displaced
from the point (1,3,-1) to the point (4,-1,γ ). If the work done by the forces
is 16 units. Find the value of γ .
8. Find the magnitude and the direction cosines of the torque about the
^ ^j−k^ , whose line of action passes through the
point (2,0,-1) of a force 2 i+
origin.
9. Prove by vector method that if a line is drawn from the centre of a
circle to the midpoint of a chord, then the line is perpendicular to the
chord.
10. Prove by vector method that the median to the base of an isosceles
triangle is perpendicular to the base.
11. sta
12. prove by vector method that the diagonals of a rhombus bisect each
other at right angles.
13. Using vector method, prove that if the diagonals of a parallelogram
are equal, then it is a rectangle.
14. Prove by vector method that the area of the quadrilateral
1
ABCD having diagonals AC and BD is 2 |⃗ BD|.
AC∗⃗

15. Prove by vector method that the parallelograms on the same base
between the same parallels are equal in area.
16. If G is the centroid of ∆ ABC , prove that area 0f ∆ GAB=area of ∆
1
GBC=area of ∆ GCA= 3 area of ∆ ABC.
^ ^j−6 k^ and 6 i+2
17. A particle acted on by constant forces 8 i+2 ^ ^j−2 k^ is
displaced from the point (1,2,3) to the point ( 5,4,1). Find the total work
done by the forces.
18. Forces of magnitude 5√ 2and 10√ 2 units actind in the directions
^ 4 ^j+ 5 k^ and10 i+
3 i+ ^ 6 ^j−8 k^ respectively, act on a particle which is displaced
from the point with position vector 4 i−3
^ ^j−2 k^ to the point 6 i+
^ ^j−3 k^ . Find
the work done by the forces.
19. Find the magnitude and direction cosines of the torque of a force
^ 4 ^j−5 k^ about the point with position vector 2 i−3
represented by 3 i+ ^ ^j+4 k^
acting of through a point whose position vector is 4 i+2^ ^j−3 k^ .

20. Find the torque of the resultant of the three forces represented by
^ 6 ^j−3 k^ , 3 4−10 ^j+12 k^ and 4 i+7
−3 i+ ^ ^j acting at the point with position vector
^
8 i−6 ^j−4 k^ , about the point with position vector18 i+ ^ 3 ^j−9 k^ .

21. Show that the four points ( 6,-7,0), (16,-19,-4), (0,3,-6) and ( 2,-5,10)
lie on a same plane.
22. If the vectors a⃗ b∧⃗
⃗ c are coplanar, then prove that the vectors a⃗ +b⃗ ,b⃗ + c⃗ ,
c⃗ + a⃗ are also coplanar.

23. If a⃗ b∧⃗
⃗ c are three non-coplanar vectors represented by concurrent
edges of a parellelepied of volume 4 cubic units, find the value of (a⃗ +b⃗ ).(b⃗
*c⃗ )+(b⃗ + c⃗ ).(c⃗∗⃗a)+ (c⃗ + a⃗ ).(a⃗∗b⃗ ).
24. Find the altitude of a parallelopiped determined by the vectors
^ ^j+ 3 k^ , b=
a⃗ =−2 i+5 ^ ^j+ 4 k^ if the base is taken as the
^ 3 ^j−2 k^ , c⃗ =−3 i+
⃗ i+
parallelogram determined by b⃗ and c⃗ .
^ ^j+ k^ , b=
25. Let a⃗ =i+ ⃗ i^ and ^ c 2 ^j+ c3 k^
c⃗ =c1 i+ . If c 1=1 and c 2=2 find c3 such that
⃗ c are coplanar.
a⃗ b∧⃗
^ k^ , b=x
26. If a⃗ =i− ⃗ ^ x ^j+(1+ x− y ) k^ , show that [ a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ ] depends
^ ^j+(1−x ) k^ , c⃗ = y i+
i+
on neither x or y.
^ ^j+ c k^ , i+
27. If the vectors ai+a ^ k^ , ci+c
^ ^j+b k^ are coplanar, prove that c is the
geometric mean of a and b.
28. Let a⃗ b∧⃗
⃗ c be three non-zero vectors such that c⃗ is a unit vector
π
perpendicular to both a⃗ ∧⃗b. IJF the angle between a⃗ ∧⃗b is 6 , show that
[ a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ ] = 1 |a|2|b|2
2

29. Prove that [ a⃗∗b⃗ , b∗⃗

⃗ c , ⃗b∗⃗a ] = [ a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ ] 2

30. For any four vectors a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ d ¿ ¿ =[ a⃗ , b⃗ , d⃗ ] ⃗c -[ a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ ] ⃗d

and d⃗ , we have (a⃗∗b⃗ )*(c⃗∗⃗
= [ b⃗ , c⃗ , ⃗d ] ⃗a.
31. If ^
a⃗ =i−2 ^j+3 k^ , ⃗
b=2 i+ ^ ^j+ k^
^ ^j−2 k^ , c⃗ =3 i+2 , find
(i) (a⃗∗b⃗ )*c⃗ (ii) a⃗ * (b∗⃗
⃗ c)

32. For any vector a⃗ , prove that i⃗ * (a⃗∗i⃗ )+ ⃗j * (a⃗∗⃗j)+ k⃗ * (a∗k⃗ )= 2a⃗
33. Prove that [ a⃗ −⃗b , ⃗b−⃗c , ⃗c −⃗a ]=0
34. ^ ^j−k^ ,
a⃗ =2 i+3 ⃗
b=− i+2 ^ ^j+ k^
^ ^j−4 k^ , c⃗ =i+ find (a⃗∗b⃗ )*(a⃗∗⃗
c ¿ ¿.

35. If a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ and d⃗ are coplanar vectors, then show that (a⃗∗b⃗ )*(c⃗∗⃗
d ¿ ¿ =0
^ ^j+3 k^ , b=2
36. If a⃗ =i+2 ⃗ i− ^ ^j+ k^ and
^ ^j+ k^ , c⃗ =3 i+2 a⃗ * (b∗⃗
⃗ c )= l a⃗ +m b⃗ + nc⃗ . Find
the values of l,m and n.
37. If a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ are three unit vectors such that b⃗ and c⃗ are non-parallel and a⃗
⃗ c )= 1 b⃗ . Find the angle between a⃗ and c⃗ .
* (b∗⃗ 2

38. A straight line passes through the point (1,2,-3) and parallel to
4^i+5 ^j−7 k^ . Find (i) the vector equation in parametric form (ii) vector
equation in non-parametric form (iii) cartesian equations of the straight
line.
39. The vector equation in parametric form of a line is r⃗ =(3 i−2 ^ ^ + t(2
^j+6 k)
^ ^j+ 3 k^ ) . Find (I) the direction cosines of the straight line (ii) vector
i−
equation in non-parametric form of the line (iii) cartesian equations of
the line.
40. Find the vector equation in parametric form and cartesian equations
of the line passing through ( -4,2 ,-3) and is parallel to the line
−x−2 y+ 3 2 z−6
4
=
−2
=
3
.
x+3
41. Find the angle between the straight line 2
=2=−z with the
coordinate axes.
^ ^j+4 k^ )+ t(2i+2
42. Find the acute angle between the lines r⃗ =(i+2 ^ ^j+ k^ ) and the
straight line passing through the points (5,1,4) and (9,2,12).
x−4 y z +1
43. Find the angle between the straight lines 2
= =
1 −2 and
x−1 y +1 z−2
4
=
−4
=
2
and state whether they are parallel or perpendicular.
44. Find the direction cosines of the straight line passing through the
points (5,6,7) and (7,9,13). Also, find the parametric form of vector
equation and cartesian equations of the straight line passing through
two given points.
45. The vertices of ∆ ABC are A (7,2,1), B (6,0,3) and C (4,2,4). Find angle
ABC
46. IF the straight line joining the points (2,1,4) and ( a-1,4,-1) is parallel
to the line joining the points (0,2,b-1) and (5,3,-2) find the values of a and
b.
x−5 2− y 1−z 2 y+1 1−z
47. If the straight lines 5 m+2 = 5 = −1 and x= 4 m =
−3 are
perpendicular to each other, find the value of m.
48. Find the shortest distance between the two given straight lines
^ ^j−2 k^ ) and x−3 = y = z +2 .
^ 3 ^j+4 k^ )+ t(-2i+
r⃗ =(2 i+
2 −1 2

49. Find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the
point (-1,2,3) to the straight line r⃗ =(i−4
^ ^j+3 k^ )+ t(2i+3
^ ^j+ k^ ). Also, find the
shortest distance from the point to the straight line.
50. Find the parametric form of vector equation and cartesian equations
of a straight line passing through (5,2,8) and is perpendicular to the
^ ^j−k^ )+ s(2i^ −2
straight lines r⃗ =(i+ ^ ^j−3 k^ )+ t(i+
^j+ k^ ) and r⃗ =(2 i− ^ 2^j+2 k^ ).

51. Show that the lines r⃗ =(6 i+ ^ ^j+2 k^ )+ s(i+2 ^ ^j−2 k^ )+ t(2
^ ^j−3 k^ ) and r⃗ =(3 i+2
^
i+4 ^j−5 k^ ) are skew lines and hence find the shortest distance between
them.
x−1 y +1 z−1 x−3 y−m
52. If the two lines 2
=
3
=
4 and 1
=
2
=z intersect at a point,
find the value of m.
53. Show that the straight line x+1=2y= -12z and x=y+2=6z-6 are skew and
hence find the shortest distance between them.
54. Find the parametric form of vector equation of the straight line
^ 3 ^j−k^ )+ t(
passing through (-1,2,1) and parallel to the straight line r⃗ =(2 i+
^
i−2 ^j+ k^ ) and hence find the shortest distance between the lines.

55. Find the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point (5,4,2) to the
x+1 y−3 z−1
line 2 = 3 = −1 . Also find the equation of the perpendicular.
56. If a plane meets the coordinate axes at A,B,C such that the centriod of
the triangle ABC is the point (u,v,w) find the equation of the plane.
57. Find the non-parametric form of vector equation and cartesian
equation of the plane passing through the point (0,1,-5) and parallel to
^ ^j−4 k^ )+ s(2^i+3 ^j+ 6 k^ ) and r⃗ =( i−3
the straight lines r⃗ =(i+2 ^ ^ + t(i+
^j+5 k) ^ ^j− k^ ).

58. Find the non-parametric form of vector equation, and cartesian

^ ^j+ k^ )+ s(-i+2
equations of the plane r⃗ =(6 i− ^ ^j+ k^ )+t(-5i−4
^ ^j−5 k^ ).

x−1 y −2 z−3 x−3 y−2 z−1

59. If the straight lines 1
=
2
= 2
m
and 1
= 2 =
m 2 are coplanar,
find the distinct real value of m.
60. Find the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection
of the planes r⃗ .(2 i−7
^ ^j+ 4 k^ )=3 and 3x-5y+4z+11=0 and the point (-2,1,3).

61. Find the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection
2
of the planes x+2y+3z=2 and x-y+z=3 and at a distance √3 from the
point(3,1,-1).
62. Find the equation of the plane which passes through the point ( 3,4,-
1) and is parallel to the plane 2x-3y+5z+7=0 . Also find the distance
between the two planes.
y
63. Find the point fo intersection of the line x-1 = 2 = z+1 with the plane
2x-y+2z=2. Also, find the angle between the line and the plane.
2 MARK
^ ^j+5 k^ ,
64. If a⃗ =−3 i− ⃗ i−2
b= ^ ^j+ k^ , c⃗ =4 ^j−5 k^ , Find a⃗ .( b⃗ * c⃗ ).
65. Find the volume fo the parallelepiped whose co-terminus edges are
given by the vectors 2i−3
^ ^j+ 4 k^ , i+2
^ ^j−k^ and 3i−
^ ^j+ 2 k^ .

^ ^j−3 k^ ,2i−
66. Show that the vectors i+2 ^ ^j+ 2 k^ and 3i+
^ ^j− k^ are coplanar.

67. If 2^i− ^j+3 k^ , 3^i+ 2 ^j+ k^ and i+m

^ ^j+ 4 k^ are coplanar, find the value of m.

68. If a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ are three vectors, prove that [ a⃗ + ⃗c , a⃗ + ⃗b , ⃗a + b+

⃗ ⃗c ]= - [ a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ ] .

69. If a⃗ =i−2
^ ^j+3 k^ , ⃗
b=2 i+ ^ ^j+ k^
^ ^j−2 k^ , c⃗ =3 i+2 , find a⃗ .( b⃗ * c⃗ ).
70. Find the volume of the parallelepiped whose co-terminus edges are
represented by the vectors −6 i+14
^ ^j+10 ^k , 14 i−10
^ ^j−6 k^ 2i+
^ ^j−2 k^ .
71. The volume of parallelepiped whose co-terminus edges 7 i+γ ^ ^j−3 k^ ,
^ ^j−k^ and -3i+7
i+2 ^ ^j+5 k^ is 90 cubic units. Find the value of γ .

72. Determine whether the three vectors are 2^i+3 ^j+ k^ , i−2
^ ^j+2 k^ and 3^i+ ^j+3 k^
are coplanar.
73. Prove that ( a⃗ .( b⃗ * c⃗ ))= ( a⃗ *b⃗ )*(a⃗∗¿ c⃗ ).
74. Show that the straight line passing through the points A (6,7,5) and B
(8,10,6) is perpendicular to the straight line passing through the points C
(10,2,-5) and D (8,3,-4).
x−1 2− y z−4 x−3 y−3 5−z
75. Show that the lines 4
=
6
=
12 and −2
=
3
=
6 are parallel.
76. Find the non-parametric form of vector equation and cartesian
equations of the straight line passing through the point with position
^ ^j−7 k^ and parallel to 2^i−6 ^j+7 k^ .
vector4 i+3
77. Find the parametric form of vector equation and cartesian equations
of the straight line passing through the point ( -2,3,4) and parallel to the
x−1 y +3 8−z
straight line −4 = 5 = 6 .
78. Find the acute angle between the following lines:
(i) r⃗ =( 4^i− ^j)+ t(i+2
^ ^j−2 k^ ) and r⃗ =( i−2
^ ^j+ 4 k^ )+s(−i−2
^ ^j+2 k^ ).

x+ 4 y−7 z +5
(ii) = = , r⃗ =( ^
4 k )+ ^ ^j+ k^ ).
t(2i+
3 4 5

(iii) 2x = 3y = -z and 6x = -y = -4z

79. Show that the points (2,3,4) , (-1,4,5) and (8,1,2) are collinear.
80. Find the vector and cartesian form of the equations of a plane which s
^ ^j−3 k^ .
at a distance of 12 units form the origin and perpendicular to 6i+2
81. If the cartesian equation of a plane is 3x-4y+3z= -8 , find the vector
equation of the plane in standard form.
82. Find the direction cosines of the normal to the plane and length of
the perpendicular from the origin to the plane r⃗ .(3 i−4
^ ^j−12 k^ )=5.

83. Find the vector and cartesian equations of the plane passing through
^ ^j−3 k^ and normal to vector 2i−
the point with position vector 4i+2 ^ ^j+ k^ .
84. A variable plane moves in such a way that the sum of the reciprocals
of its intercepts on the coordinate axes is a constant . Show that the
plane passes through a fixed point.
85. Find a parametric form of vector equation of a plane which is at a
distance of 7 units from the origin having 3,-4 ,5 as direction ratios of a
normal to it.
86. Find the direction cosines of the normal to the plane 12x+3y-4z=65.
Also, find the non-parametric form of vector equation of a plane and the
length of the perpendicular to the plane form the origin.
87. Find the vector and cartesian equations of the plane passing through
^ ^j+3 k^ and normal to the vector i+3
the point with position vector 2i+6 ^ ^j+5 k^ .

88. A plane passes through the point (-1,1,2) and the normal to the plane
of magnitude 3√ 3 makes equal acute angles with the coordinate axes.
Find the equation of the plane.
89. Find the intercepts cut off by the plane r⃗ .(6 i+4
^ ^j−3 k^ )=12 on the
coordinate axes.
x−3 y−4 z +3
90. Verify whether the line −4
=
−7
=
12 lies in the plane 5x-y+z=8.
91. Find the acute angle between the planes r⃗ .(2 i+ ^ =11 and 4x-
^ 2 ^j+ 2 k)
2y+2z=15.
^ 3 ^j+ k^ )+ t ( i−
92. Find the angle between the straight line r⃗ =(2 i+ ^ and the
^ ^j+ k)
plane 2x-y+z=5.
93. Find the distance of a point (2,5,-3) from the plane ^
r⃗ .(6 i−3 ^j+ 2 ^k) =5.

94. Find the distance of the point (5,-5,-10) from the point of intersection
of a straight line passing through the points A (4,1,2) and B (7,5,4) with
the plane x-y+z=5.
95. Find the distance between the parallel planes x+2y-2z+1=0 and 2x+4y-
4z+5=0.
96. Find the distance between the planes ^ =6
^ ^j−2 k)
r⃗ .(2 i− and
^
r⃗ .(6 i−3 ^j−6 k^ )=27.

97. Find the equation of the plane passing through the intersection of the
planes r⃗ .(i+ ^
^ ^j+ k)+1 =0 and r⃗ .(2 i−3
^ ^j+5 k^ )=2 and the point (-1,2,1).
98. Find the equation of the plane passing through the intersection of the
planes x+3y-z+7=0 and x+y-2z+5=0 and is perpendicular to the plane x+y-
3z-5=0.
^ ^j+ 3^k in the
99. Find the image of the point whose position vector is i+2
^ ^j+4 k^ )=38.
plane r⃗ .(i+2
100. Find the coordinates of the point where the straight line
^ ^j+2 k^ )+ t (3 i+
r⃗ =(2 i− ^ 4 ^j+2 k^ ) intersects the plane x-y+z-5=0.

101. Find the angle between the line r⃗ =(2 i− ^ + t ( i+

^ ^j+ k) ^ 2 ^j−2 k^ ) and the plane
^ ^j+2 k^ )=8.
r⃗ .(6 i+3

102. Find the angle between the planes r⃗ .(i+ ^ =3 and 2x-2y+z=2.
^ ^j−2 k)

103. Find the equation of the plane which passes through the point (3,4,-
1) and is parallel to the plane 2x-3y+5z+7=0. Also, find the distance
between the two planes
104. Find the length of the perpendicular from the point (1,-2,3) to the
plane x-y+z=5.
[Link] a⃗ ,b⃗ , c⃗ are three vectors , prove that
[a⃗ + ⃗c, a⃗ + ⃗b, a⃗ + ⃗b + c⃗ ]= [a⃗ b⃗ c⃗ ]

CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

5 MARKS
1. A particle moves along a horizontal line such that its position at any
time t≥ 0 is given by s(t)=t 3−6 t 2+9t+1, where s is measured in metres and t in
seconds. (a) At what time the particle is a rest (b) At what time the
particle changes direction? (c) Find the total distance travelled by the
particle in the first 2 seconds.
2. A particle moves along a line according to the law s(t)= 2t 3−9 t 2+12t-4
where t ≥ 0. (i) At what time the particle changes direction ? (ii) Find the
total distance travelled by the particle in the first 4 seconds. (iii) Find the
particles acceleration each time the velocity is zero.
3. If we blow air into a balloon of spherical shape at the rate of 1000 cm3
per second. At what rate the radius of the balloon changes when the
radius is 7 cm? Also compute the rate at which the surface area changes?
4. A camera is accidentally knocked off an edge of a cliff 400 ft high. The
camera falls a distance of s=16 t 2 in t seconds. (i) How lond does the
camera fall before it hits the ground? (ii) What is the average velocity
with which the camera falls during the last 2 seconds? (iii) What is the
instantaneous velocity of the camera when it hits the ground?
5. A conical water tank with vertex down of 12 metres height has a radius
of 5 metres at the top. If water flows into the tank at the rate of 10 cubic
m/min, how fast does the depth of the water increases when the water is
8 metres deep.
6. A ladder 17 metre long is leaning against the wall. The base of the
ladder is pulled away from the wall at the rate of 5 m/s. When the base
of the ladder is 8 metres from the wall (i) How fast is the top of the
ladder moving down the wall ? (ii) At what rate, the area of the triangle
formed by the ladder, wall and the floor is changing?
7. A police jeep, approaching an orthogonal intersection from the
northern direction, is chasing a speeding car that has turned and moving
straight east. When the jeep is 0.6 km north of the intersection and the
car is 0.8 km to the east, the police determine with a radar that the
distance between the car and them is increasing at 20 km/hr. If the jeep
is moving 60 km/hr at the instant of the measurement, what is the speed
of the car?
8. Find the acute angle between y=x
2
and y =( x−3)2.
9. If the curves a x 2 +b y 2=1 and ac +d y 2=1 intersect each other orthogonally,
1 1 1 1
show that a − b = c − d .
10. Find the equations of the tangents to the curve y=1+ x
3
for which the
tangent is orthogonal with the line x+12y=12.
11. Find the equation of tangent and normal to the curve given by x= 7
cos t and y = 2 sin t, tε R at any point on the curve.
12. For the function f(x)=4 x3 +3 x 2−6 x +1 find the intervals of monotonicity,
local extrema, intervals of concavity and points of inflection.
13. Find the local extrema of the function f(x)=4 x 6−6 x 4.
14. We have a 12 square unit piece of thin material and want to make an
open box by cutting small squares from the corners of our material and
folding the sides up. The question is, which cut produces the box of
maximum volume?
15. Find the points on the unit circle x 2+ y 2=1, nearest and farthes from
(1,1).
16. A garden is to be laid out in a rectangular area and protected by wire
fence. What is the largest possible area of the fenced garden with 40
metres of wire.
17. A rectangular page is to contain 24 cm2 of print. The margins at top
and bottom of the page are 1.5 cm and the margins at the other sides of
the page is 1 cm. What should be the dimensions of the page so that the
area of the paper used is minimum?
18. A farmer plans to fence a rectangular pasture adjacent to a river.
The pasture must contain1,80,000 [Link] in order to provide enough
grass for herds. No fencing is needed along the river. What is the length
of minimum needed fencing material?
19. Find the dimensions of the rectangle with maximum area that can be
inscribed in a circle of radius 10 cm.
20. A manufacturer wants to design an open box having a square base
and a surface area of 108 [Link]. Determine the dimensions of the box for
the maximum volume.
21. A hollow cone with base radius a cm and height b cm is placed on a
table. Show that the volume of the largest cylinder that cam be hidden
4
underneath is 9 times volume of the cone.
2 MARKS
1. The temperature in Celsius in a long rod of length 10 m, insulated at
both ends, is a function of length x given by T= x (10-x). Prove that the
rate of change of temperature at the midpoint of the rod is zero.
2. A person learnt 100 words for an English test. The number of words
the person remembers in t days, after learning is given by W(t)=100 *(1 -
0.1t 2 ¿ , 0 ≤ t ≤ 10. What is the rate at which the person forgets the words 2
days after learning?
3. If the mass m(x) (in kilograms) of a thin rod of length x (in metres) is
given by m(x)= √ 3 x , then what is the rate of change of mass with respect
to length when x=3 an x=27 metres.
4. A stone is dropped into a pond causing ripples in the form of
concentric circles. The radius r of the outer ripple is increasing at a
constant rate at 2 cm per second. When the radius is 5 cm, find the rate
of changing of the total area of disturbed water?
5. Using Rolle’s theorem, determine the value of x at which the tangent is
parallel to x-axis for the function f(x)= x 2−x , xϵ [ 0 , 1 ].
6. For what value of x the tangent of the curve 3 2
y=x −5 x + x−2 is parallel to
the line y=x.
n n
x −a
7. Compute the lim
x →a x−a
.
sinx
8. Evaluate the lim
x →0 x .
x
sinx e
9. Evaluate (i) x →0
lim
x
2 (ii) lim ( x log x)
x →0
(iii) x→ ∞
lim
x
m mϵ N

x
(iv) lim
x→ ∞ logx

10. Evaluate lim e−x √ x .

11. Prove that the function f(x)= x 2+ 2 is strictly increasing in the interval
(2,7) and strictly decreasing in the interval (-2,0).
12. Find the critical number of f(x)=6 x 3−3 x 3, [ −1 ,1 ].
13. Find the local extremum of the function f(x)= x 4 +32 x.
14. Find the points of inflexion for the f(x)= x (x−4)3.
15. Compute the value of c satisfied by the Rolle’s theorem for the
function f(x)= x 2 (1−x ¿¿ 2)¿, xϵ [ 0 , 1 ] .
16. If the volume of a cube of side length x is v= x 3. Find the rate of
change of volume with respect to x when x=5 units.
17.
18. Prove using the Rolle’s theorem that between any two distinct real
zeros of the polynomial a n x n+ ¿a x there is a zero of the polynomial
n−1+¿ ...+ a1 x+ a0 ¿
n−1 ¿

n a n x +n−1 a n−1 x + ...+ a1.

n−1 n−2

19. Find the values in the interval (1,2) of the mean value theorem
satisfied by the function f(x)=x - x 2 for 1 ≤ x ≤ 2 .
20. A truck travels on a toll road with a speed limit of 80 km/hr. The truck
completes a 164 km journey in 2 hours. At the end of the toll road the
trucker is issued with a speed violation notice. Justify this using the Mean
Value Theorem.
21. Suppose f(x) is differentiable function for all x with f’(x) ≤ 29 and f(2)
=17. What is the maximum value of f(7).
22. A thermometer was taken from a freezer and placed in boiling water.
It took 22 seconds for the thermometer to raise from -100 C ¿ 1000 C . Show
that the rate of change of temperature at some time t is 50 C per second.
[Link] that for a function f(x), f ' ( x) ≤ 1 for all 1≤ x ≤ 4. Show that f(4) -
f(1) ≤ 3.
23. Expand log(1 + x) as a Maclaurin’s series upto 4 non zero terms -1 ¿ x ≤
1.
−π π
24. Expand tanx in ascending powers of x upto 5th power for 2
<¿ x 2.
1
25. Write the Taylor series expansion of x about x=2 finding the first
three non zero terms.
26. Write the Taylor series expansion of logx about x=1 upto three non
zero terms for x¿ 0.
27. Find the polynomial x 3−3 x+ 2 in powers x-1.
28. A particle moves along a straight line in such a way
3 MARKS
1. For the function f(x)= x 2 x ∈ [ 0 , 2 ] . Compute the average rate of change
in the subintervals [ 0 , 0.5 ] [ 0.5 , 1 ] [ 1 , 1.5 ] [ 1.5 2 ] and the instantaneous rate of
changes at the points x= 0.5 , 1, 1.5 , 2.
2. A particle moves so that the distance moved is according to the law
s(t)= t 3−t 2+3. At what time the velocity and acceleration are zero
respectively?
3. A particle is fired straight up from the ground to reach a height of s
feet in t seconds, where s(t) =12t - 16 t 2. (a) compute the maximum
height of the particle reached (b) What is the velocity when the particle
hits the ground?
4. The price of a product is related to the number of units
available(supply) by the equation Px +3P-16x=234, where P is the price of
the product per unit in rupees and x is the number of units. Find the rate
at which the price is changing with respect to time when 90 units are
available and the supply is increasing at a rate of 15 units/week.
5. Salt is poured from a conveyor belt at a rate of 30 cubic metre per
minute forming a conical pile with a circular base whose height and
diameter of base are always equal. How fast is the height of the pile
increasing when the pile is 10 metres high?
6. A beacon makes one revolution every 10 seconds. It is located on a
ship which is anchored 5 km form a straight shore line. How fast is the
beam moving along the shore line when it makes and angle of 45 0 with
the shore?
7. Find the equations of tangent and normal to the curve y= x 2+ 3 x −2 at
the point ( 1,2)..
8. Find the equation of the tangent and normal to the Lissajous curve
given by x= 2cos 3t and y = 3 sin 2t , t ∈ R .
9. Find the tangent and normal to the following curve x= cos t, y = 2
π
sin t at t= .
2
3

10. Find the acute angle between the curves y = x 2 and x = y

2
at their
points of intersection (0, 0 ) , (1 ,1 ).
11. Find the point on the curve y = x 2−5 x+ 4 at which the tangent is parallel
to the line 3x+y =7.
12. Find the points on the curve y = x 3−6 x 2 + x+ 3 where the normal is
parallel to the line x + y =1729.
13. Find the points on the curve 2 2
y −4 xy=x +5 for which the tangent is
horizontal.
π
14. Find the tangent and normal to x = cos t , y = 2sin 3.
2
t at t=

15. Show that the two curves x 2− y 2=r 2 and xy = c 2 where c,r are constants,
cut orthogonally.
16. If lim
θ→0
( 1−cos
1−cos nθ ) = 1, then prove that m =
mθ
±n

lim ¿
17. Evaluate x→ 1−¿ log(1−x) ¿
cot x

lim ¿
18. Evaluate x→ 0 ( 1x −
+¿
x
1
¿
) .
e −1

19. Find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum values fo the
function f(x)= 2 x3 +3 x 2−12 x on [ −3 , 2 ]
20. Find the absolute extrema of the function f(x)= 3 cos x on the closed
interval [ 0 , 2 π ].
21. Find the absolute extrema of the following function on the given
closed interval f (x)= 3 x 4−4 x 3, [ −1 ,2 ].
22. Discuss the monotonocity and local extrema of the function f (x)= log
x x
( 1+x) - 1+ x , x ¿−1, and hence find the domain where log ( 1+x) ¿ 1+ x .
23. Find the intervals of monotonocity and local extrema of the function
f(x) = x log x + 3x.
24. Determine the intervals of concavity of the curve f (x) = ( x−1 )3 .(x−5), x ∈
R and if any points of inflection.
25. Determine the intervals of concavity of the curve y = 3 + sin x.
26. Find the local maximum and minimum of the function x 2 y 2 on the line
x+y= 10.
27. Prove that among all the rectangles of the given area, square has the
least perimeter.
28. Find two positive numbers whose sum is 12 and their product is
maximum.
29. Find two positive numbers whose product is 20 and their sum in
minimum.
30. Find the smallest possible value of x 2+ y 2 given that x + y =10.
31. Prove that among all the rectangles of the given perimeter, the
square has the maximum area.
32. Find the dimensions of the largest rectangle that can be inscribed in a
semi circle of radius r cm.
33. The volume of a cylinder is given by the formula V = π r 2 h . Find the
greatest and least values of V if r + h =6.
1
34. Find the value in the interval ( 2 , 2) satisfied by the Rolle’s theorem
for the function f(x) = x +
1
x ,xϵ [ ]
1
2
,2

35. Compute the value of c satisfied that the Rolle’s theorem for the
( ) in the interval [ 2 ,3 ].
2
x +6
function f(x)=log 5x

36. Without actually solving show that the equation x 4 +2 x 3−2=0 has only
one real root in the interval ( 0 , 1).
37. Prove that there is zero of the polynomial 2 x3 −9 x 2−11 x+12 in the
interval ( 2,7) , given that 2 and 7 are the zeros of the polynomial
4 3 2
x −6 x −11 x +24 x +28.

38. Prove , using mean value theorem that |sinα−sinβ| ≤|α −β|, α , β ϵ R.

CHAPTER 11 PROBABIITY DISTRIBUTIONS

2 MARKS
1. If μ∧σ 2 are the mean and variance of the discrete random variable X
and E(X+3) = 10 and E( X + 3)2=116, find μ∧σ 2.
2. Three fair coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability mass
function for number of heads occurred.
3. Suppose two coins are tossed once. If X denotes the number of tails, (I)
write down the sample space (ii) Find the inverse image of 1 (iii) The
values of the random variable and number of elements in its inverse
image.
4. An urn contains 2 white balls and 3 red balls. A sample of 3 balls are
chosen at random from the urn. If X denotes the number of red balls
chosen, find the values taken by the random variable X and its number of
invere images.
5. Two fair coins are tossed simultaneously( equivalent to a fair coin
tossed twice). Find the probability mass function for number of heads
occurred.

{
−2 x
x >0
6. The probability density function of X is given by f(x)= kx e0 forfor
x ≤0
Find
the value of k.
7. The probaility that Mr.Q hits a target an any trial is 14. Suppose he
tries at the target 10 times. Find the probability that he hits the target (i)
exactly 4 times (ii) al least one time.
8. Using the Binomial distribution find the mean and variance of X for the
following experiments
i) A fair coin is tossed 100 times, and X denote the number of heads.]
ii) A fair die is tossed 240 times, and X denote the number of times that
four appeared.
9. The probability that a certain kind of component will survive a
electrical test is 34. Find the probability that exactly 3 of the 5
components tested will survive.
10. A retailer purchases a certain kind of electronin device from a
manufacturer. The manufacturer indicates that the defective rate of the
device is 5 %. The inspector of the retailer randomly picks 10 items from a
shipment. What is the probability that there will be (i) at least one
defective item. (ii) Exactly two defective items?
3 MARKS

1. Suppose a pair of unbiased dice is rolled once. If X denotes the total

score of two dice, write down i) the sample space ii) the values taken by
the random variable X iii) the inverse image of 1 (iv) the number of
elements in inverse image of X.

{
x 0< x<1
2. The probability density function of X is f(x)= 2−x 1≤ x <2 .
0 otherwise

Find P(1.2 ≤ x ≤ 1.8)

3. If X B(n,p) , such that 4P(X=4) = P(X=2) and n =6. Find the distribution
and mean.
4. The mean and variance of a binomial variate X are 2 and 1.5
respectively. Find P(X=0).
5. Three fair coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability mass
function for number of heads occurred.
6. Two balls are randomly chosed from a urn containing 6 white and 4
black balls. Suppose that we win Rs.30 for each black ball selected and we
lose Rs.20 for each white ball selected. If X denotes the winning amount,
find the values of X and number of points in its inverse images.
7. Suppose X is the number of tails occurred when three fair coins are
tossed once simultaneously. Find the values of the random variable X and
number of points in its inverse image.
8. In a pack of 52 playing cards, two cards are drawn at random
simultaneously. If the number of black cards drawn is a random variable,
find the values of the random variable and number of points in its inverse
images.
9. An urn contains 5 mangoes and 4 apples. Three fruits are taken at
random. If the number of apples taken is a random variable, then find the
values of the random variable and number of points in its inverse images.
10.A six sided die is marked ‘2’ on one face, ‘3’ on two of its faces, and ‘4’
on remaining three faces. The die is thrown twice. If X denotes the total
score in two throws, find the values of the random variable and number
of points in its inverse images.
10. A pair of dice is rolled once. Find the probability mass function to get
the number of fours.
11. Find the probability mass function f(x) of the discrete random variable
X whose cumulative distribution function F(x) is given by

{
0−∞< x ←2
0.25−2 ≤ x←1
F(x) = 0.60−1 ≤ x <0
0.90 0 ≤ x <1
1.00 1 ≤ x< ∞

12. If the probability mass function f(x) of the discrete random variable X
find (I) its cumulative distribution function, hence find (ii) P (X)≤ 3 and (iii)
P(X)≥ 2.

X 1 2 3 4

f(x) 1 5 5 1
12 12 12 12

13. The cumulative distribution function F(x) of a random variable X is

given by
F(x)=¿
Find the I) probability mass function ii) P(X¿ 1 ¿ iii) P(X≥ 2¿
14. The cumulative distribution function of a discrete random variable is
F (x)=¿
Find I) the probability mass function ii) P(X¿ 3 ¿ iii) P(X≥ 2¿

{
2
x 1< x < 4
15. Find the constant C such that the function f(x)= C0 otherwise is a density
function and compute I) P(1.5¿ X < ¿3.5)
Ii) P( X≤ 2¿ iii ¿ P ¿ X ).
16. If X is the random variable with the probability density function

{
x−1 1≤ x< 2
F(x)= −x+ 3 2≤ x< 3 find

i) The distribution function f(x) ii) P(1.5≤ X ≤2.5)

0 otherwise

17. IF X is the random variable with distribution functions F(x) given by

{
0 x <0
F(x)= x 0 ≤ x <1 . Find the i) the probability distribution function f(x)
1 1≤ x

ii) P(0.2 ≤ X ≤ 0.7)

18. IF X is the random variable with distribution function F(x) given by

{
x x< 0
1 2
F(x)= 2
(x + x) 0≤ x <1 . Find the i) probability density function
1 1≤x

iii) P (0.3 ≤ X ≤0.6).

19. Find the mean and variance of the random variable X whose
{
−γx
γe x≥0
probability density function f(x)= 0 otherwise
.
20. The mean and standard deviation of a binomial variate X are
respectively 6 and 2. Find i) the probability mass function ii) P( X=3)
iv) P(X≥ 2¿ .
23. If X B(n , p)such that 4 P( X=4)=P( X=2)∧n=[Link] the distribution mean and
standard deviation of X.
21. In a binomial distribution consisting of 5 independent trials, the
probability of 1 and 2 successes are 0.4096 and 0.2048 respectively. Find
the mean and variance of the random variable.

5 MARKS
1. Suppose a discrete random variable can take only the values 0,1 and 2.
The probability mass function is defined by
 {
x 2 +1
for x=0 , 1, 2
F(x)= k
0 otherwise

Find i) the value of k ii) cumulative distribution function iii) P(X≥ 1¿.
2. A random variable X has the following probability mass function

X 1 2 3 4 5 6

F(x) k 2k 6k 5k 6k 10k

Find i) P(2¿ X < ¿6) ii) P(2≤ X <¿5) iii) P(X≤ 4 ¿ iv) P(X¿ 3 ¿
3. A random variable x has the probability mass function

X 1 2 3 4 5

F(x) 2k 3k
2 2 2
k 2k 3k

Find i) k ii) P(2≤ X <¿5) iii) P(X≤ 4 ¿ iv) P(X¿ 3 ¿.

4. If the probability that a fluorescent light has a useful life of at least 600
hours is 0.9, find the probabilities that among 12 such lights
i) Exactly 10 will have a useful life of at least 600 hours ii) at least 11 will
have a useful life of at least 600 hours iii) at least 2 will not have a useful
life of atleast 600 hours.
5. The probability density function of X is given by

{
−x

F(x)= ke 3 x >0 Find i) the value of k ii) the distribution function

0 x ≤0

ii) P(X¿ 3 ¿ iv) P(5≤ X ¿ v) P(X≤ 4 ¿

6. A six sided die is marked ‘1’ on one face, ‘2’ on two of its faces and ‘3’
on remaining three faces. The die is rolled twice. If X denotes the total

cumulative distributive function iii) Find P ( 3≤ X ≤6) iv) P(X≥ 4 ¿

score in two throws , find i) the probability mass function ii) Find its

7. A six sided die is marked ‘1’ on one face, ‘3’ on two of its faces and ‘5’
on remaining faces. The die is thrown twice. If X denotes the total score
in two throws find i) the probability mass function ii) the cumulative
distribution function iii) Find P ( 4 ≤ X <¿10) iv) P(X≥ 6 ¿.
8. Find the probability mass function and cumulative distribution function
of number of girl child in families with 4 children, assuming equal
probabilities for boys and girls.
9. The probability density function of random variable X is given by
F(x)= 0 {k 1 ≤ X ≤5

Find i) distribution function ii) P(X¿ 3 ¿ iii) P(2¿ X < ¿4) iv) P(3≤ X ¿
otherwise

10. Let X be a random variable denoting the life time of an electrical

equipment having probability density function

{
−2 x
x >0
F(x)= k e0 x ≤0
Find i) the value of k ii) distribution function
iii) P(X¿ 2 ¿ iv) calculate the probability that X is at least four unit of time
V) P(X=3)
11. Suppose that f(x) given below represents a probability mass function.
Find i) the value of c ii) Mean and variance

X 1 2 3 4 5 6

F(x) c 2c
2 2 2 2
c 2c 3c 4c

11. Two balls are chosen randomly from an urn containing 8 white and 4
black balls. Suppose that we win Rs 20 for each black ball selected and we
lose Rs 10 for each white ball selected. Find the expected winning
amount and variance.
12. If the probability that a fluroescent light has a useful life of at least
600 hours is 0.9, find the probabilities that among 12 such lights i) exactly
10 will have a useful life of at least 600 hours ii) at least 11 will have a
useful life of at least 600 hours iii) at least 2 will not have useful life of at
least 600 hours.
CHAPTER 12 DISCRETE MATHEMATICS
2 MARKS
1. Verify the (i) the closure property (ii) commutative property (iii)
associative property (iv) existence of identity and (v) existence of inverse
for the arithmetic operation + on Z 0=¿ the set of all odd integers.
2. Verify (i) closure property (ii) commutative property (iii) associative
property of the following operation on the given set. a * b= a b , ∀ a , b ∈ N
( exponentiation property).
ab
3. Let * be defined on R by a*b= 8. Write the identity for * , if any.
4. Examine the binary operation ( closure property) of the following
operations on the respective sets ( if it is not, make it binary):
a−1
(i) a*b= a+3ab-5b 2, ∀ a , b ∈ Z (ii) a*b = b−1 ∀ a , b ∈ Q.
5. Determine whether * is a binary operation on the sets given below.
a *b = a. |b| on R (ii) a*b= min ( a,b) on A= (1,2,3,4,5) (iii) a*b = a√ b is
binary on R.
6. On Z, define * by m*n= mn +nm ∀ m,n ∈ Z . Is * binary on Z?
7. Let A = ( a+√ 5 b :a , b ∈ Z). Check whether the usual multiplication is a
binary operation on A.
8. Prove that (i) In an algebraic structure the identity element ( if exists)
must be unique. (ii) In an algebraic structure the inverse of an element
( if exists) must be unique.
9. Write the statements in words corresponding to ¬ p , p ⋀ q, p ⋁ q and
q ⋁ ¬p where p is ‘it is cold’ and q is ‘is it raining’.

10. How many rows are needed for following statement formulae?
(i) p ⋁ ¬t ⋀ ¿ s) (ii) (( p ⋀ q) ⋁ ¿r ⋁ ¬s) ⋀ ¿t ⋀ v ¿ .
11. Let A = [ 01 11], B= [ 10 11] be any two boolean matrices of the same type.
Find A∨ B and A∧ B.
12. Write down the (i) conditional statement (ii) converse statement (iii)
inverse statement and (iv) contrapositive statement for the two
statements p and q given. ;: the number of primes is infinite. q : Ooty is
in Kerala.
13. Check whether the statement p→ ¿p) is a tautology or a contradiction
without using the truth table.
3 MARKS

1. Show that ¬( p ↔q )≡ p ↔ ¬q
2. Construct truth table for ( p ⋁ q) ⋁ ¬ q .
3. Verify the (i) closure property (ii) commutative property (iii) associative
property (iv) existence of identity and (v) existence of inverse for the
arithmetic operation + on Z.
4. Verify the (i) closure property (ii) commutative property (iii) associative
property (iv) existence of identity and (v) existence of inverse for the
arithmetic operation - on Z.
5. Verify the (i) closure property (ii) commutative property (iii) associative
property (iv) existence of identity and (v) existence of inverse for the
arithmetic operation+ on Z e= the set of all even integers.
6. Verify the (i) closure property (ii) commutative property (iii) associative
property (iv) existence of identity and (v) existence of inverse for the
following operation on the given set m*n= m+n-mn, m,n∈ Z .
7. Establish the equivalence property : p → q ≡¬p ⋁ q .
8. Using the equivalence property show that
p↔ q ≡¿ q) ⋁ ¿q)
9. Write the converse, inverse and contrapositive of each of the following
implication: (i) If x and y are numbers such that x=y , then x 2= y 2 (ii) If a
quadrilateral is a square then it is a rectangle.
10. Prove p → ¿r)≡ p ⋀ ¿q ⋁ r)

5 MARKS
1. Verify the (i) closure property (ii) commutative property (iii) associative
property (iv) existence of identity and (v) existence of inverse for the
operation +5 on Z5 using table corresponding to addition modulo 5.
2. Verify the (i) closure property (ii) commutative property (iii) associative
property (iv) existence of identity and (v) existence of inverse for the
operation X 11 on a subset A = { 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 9 } of the set of remainders
{ 0 , 1 ,2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ,10 }.

3. Let M= {( )
x x
x x } and let * be the matrix multiplication. Determine
: x ∈ R−{ 0 }

whether M is closed under * . If so, examine the commutative and

associative properties satisfied by * on M, also examine the existence of
identity, existence of inverse properties for the operation * on M.
4. Define an operation * on a *b= 2 , a,b ∈θ . (i)Examine the closure,
a+b

commutative and associative proportions satisfied * on θ. (ii) Define an

a+b
operation * on θ as follows a*b= 2 , a,b ∈θ . Examine the existence of
identity and assistance of inverse for operation * on θ .
5. Prove that p → ¿q ⋁ r)≡ ¬ p ⋁ ¿q ⋁ r).