SESSION 2

In a ½ lengthwise, compare and contrast the properties of solid, liquid and gases.

SESSION 3

Move it

Ask learners to stand and move freely around the classroom. Ask a question and tell
learners that just like people, particles are constantly moving and interacting with
one another.

PROPERTIES OF PARTICLES/ behaviors of particles?

 - All matter is made of extremely tiny units that are in constant motion, have spaces between
them, and attract one another.

Discussion

1. Particles are Constantly in Motion

Explain that particles are always moving, although they cannot be seen with the naked eye.

Example:

 The smell of perfume spreads throughout a room because gas particles move continuously.

 Food coloring in water

 When a drop of food coloring is placed in water, it slowly spreads even without stirring because
the particles are moving.

Steam from hot soup or coffee

 The steam rises and spreads because gas particles move freely and quickly.
The smell of cooked food from the kitchen

Smoke from a candle or incense

2. Particles Have Spaces Between Them

Particles have spaces between them, which allows substances to mix, dissolve, and be compressed.

Explain that particles are not completely packed together. There are spaces between them.

Example:

 Water can fill the spaces between grains of sand.

The water moves into the spaces between the grains of sand, showing that there are spaces
between particles of matter.
 Sugar dissolving in water

The sugar particles fit into the spaces between the water particles.

Adding salt to water

 The water level does not increase much because salt particles occupy the spaces between water
particles.
Sponge absorbing water

 Water moves into the spaces within the sponge.

3. Particles Attract One Another

Explain that particles exert attractive forces.

Example:

 Water droplets combine to form larger drops because water particles attract each other.

Particles exert attractive forces on one another. This attraction helps hold particles together and affects
whether matter is a solid, liquid, or gas. The attraction is strongest in solids, weaker in liquids, and
weakest in gases.
A magnet is not needed for solids to stay together

A drop of water on a coin- forms a dome shape instead of spreading flat

Explain concept:
This attraction is different depending on the state of matter:”

 Solid: attraction is very strong → particles stay tightly packed

 Breaking a chalk requires some force, but it still breaks easily because it is brittle.
 A brick is harder to break because particles are more strongly held together.
 An iron nail is very difficult to break due to very strong particle attraction.

👉 This shows that stronger attraction = harder, fixed shape, and rigid structure.

 Liquid: attraction is moderate → particles stay together but can move

 Water flows and takes the shape of its container.

 Cooking oil pours easily but still stays together as a liquid.
 Juice spreads when spilled because particles are loosely held.

👉 This shows that moderate attraction = fluid but still connected particles.

 Gas: attraction is very weak → particles spread far apart

 Water vapor spreads freely in the air.

 Air in a room fills the entire space available.
 Perfume gas particles spread quickly throughout a room.

👉 This shows that weak attraction = free movement and expansion.

Activity

A. Constant Motion (Particles are always moving)

1. Ink dropped into still water slowly spreads even without stirring.
 2. The smell of vinegar spreads when a bottle is opened.

3. Mosquito repellent spreads through the air after spraying.

4. Hot air from a heater moves across a room.

5. The smell of fresh paint spreads inside a house.

B. Spaces Between Particles (Particles have gaps)

1. Coffee dissolves completely in hot water.

2. Powdered juice mixes evenly in water.

3. Air can be squeezed inside a bicycle pump.

4. A wet cloth becomes heavier because water enters its spaces.

5. Dye spreads through fabric when soaked in water.

C. Particle Attraction (Particles stick together)

1. Drops of syrup join together when they touch.

2. Oil forms separate blobs when mixed with water.

3. Raindrops sliding down a window stick and merge.

4. Wet glue holds paper together when it dries.

5. Milk forms a thin layer on top when left standing.

SESSION 4

Identify its particles if it is motion, spaces, or attract

Motivation, tell me, if it is hot or cold?

Ice cream

Hot coffee

Boiling water

Soup
What do you think is our lesson for today?

Temperature or the Effect of heat on particle motion

Effect of heat on particle motion

Heat = faster particle motion

Cold = slower particle motion

 Which diagram shows particles moving faster? With the one with high temperature

 Which diagram shows particles moving slower? With the one with low temperature

 How does heat affect particle motion? Heat affects particles by making the movement of particles
higher and slower.

Again class, when heat is added? Does it gain or lose energy? Gain energy
How about when heat is removed? Gain or lose? Lose ma’am

Which particles are closer? The cold temperature ma’am

Which particles are farther to each other? The heat

Heat = faster particle motion- Gain- farther

Cold = slower particle motion- lose- closer
TOPIC: CHANGES STATES OF MATTER

We talk about this the last time but we will talk about it if it gain or lose heat.

For us to easily understand the when it gained or lose heat. Look at the particles Like for example in
melting- it is solid to liquid Ang particles ng solid ay tightly packed ang particles naman ng liquid ay closer
together alin ang mas mabilis ang movement, solid or liquid? So from mabagal ang movement to faster
kapag faster ? , it means tayo ay nag gain or lose? gain. That's right. So idrawing muna natin ang particles
then so kapag ang partciles ay separated or far apart ,, it means the particles gain heat. And kapag
naman tightly packed ang particles , it means it lose heat.

Next in freezing – liquid to solid

Liquid- closer together

Solid – tightly packed

Look at the particles, ng solid, ano movement ? faster of slower? Slower

It means, does it gained or lose? Lose

ec

-The ice turns into water

- particles gain energy

- move faster

Freezing- liquid to solid

- Water turns into ice

- Particles lose energy
- Move slowly

Evaporation- liquid to gas

- Water turns into gas (steam)

- Particles gain energy
- Move faster

Condensation (gas to liquid)

- Steam turns into water droplets

- Particles lose energy
- Move slowly

Sublimation (solid rto gas)

- Solid changes directly into gas

- Particles gain energy

- move faster

Deposition (gas to solid)

- Gas changes directly into solid

- Particles lose slowly
- Move slower
FRIDAY ACTIVITY

Draw the states of matter including examples,

On your bond paper, you will draw the particles of solid , liquid and gas. And be creative of your
drawing. As you can see, donut yung drawing nila sa partciles, so you will think another circle na pede
mag represents sa mga particles

And then in the half of your bond paper, you will draw the examples. Lahat ng examples na maiisip
nyo atleast 2-5 examples.

Criteria

Accuracy of Content- 10 points

All states of matter particle arrangement examples are correctly represented

Neatness and organization- 10 points

- Drawing is very neat, organized and easy to understand

Creativity and effort- 10 points

Demonstrate outstanding creativity, color use and effort

Tota; of 30 points