1.
Interface Management
Old Command (Legacy – net-tools) New Modern Command (iproute2)
ifconfig ip addr show / ip a
ifconfig -a ip link show
ifconfig <interface> up ip link set <interface> up
ifconfig <interface> down ip link set <interface> down
ifconfig <interface> <IP> netmask ip addr add <IP>/<PREFIX> dev
<NETMASK> <interface>
ifconfig <interface> mtu 9000 ip link set <interface> mtu 9000
2. Routing & Gateway
Old Command New Modern Command
route -n ip route show
route add -net <NETWORK> netmask ip route add <NETWORK>/<PREFIX>
<MASK> gw <GATEWAY> via <GATEWAY>
route add default gw <GATEWAY> ip route add default via <GATEWAY>
route del default ip route del default
3. ARP Table
Old Command New Modern Command
arp -a ip neigh show
arp -d <IP> ip neigh del <IP> dev <interface>
4. VLAN, Bonding, Bridges
Old Command New Modern Command
vconfig add <interface> <VLAN_ID> ip link add link <interface> name
<interface>.<VLAN_ID> type vlan id
<VLAN_ID>
brctl show ip link show type bridge
brctl addbr <bridge> ip link add name <bridge> type
bridge
brctl addif <bridge> <interface> ip link set <interface> master
<bridge>
ifenslave <bond> <interface1> Ip link set <interface1> master
<interface2> <bond> and ip link set <interface2>
master <bond>
5. Network Statistics (netstat → ss / ip)
Old Command New Modern Command
netstat -tulpn ss -tulpn
netstat -an ss -an
netstat -rn ip route
netstat -i ip -s link
netstat -s ss -s
6. DNS / Name Resolution
Old Command New Modern Command
nslookup <domain> dig <domain> or resolvectl query
<domain>
host <domain> dig <domain>
(No old command) resolvectl status (show DNS servers,
search domains, DNSSEC)
7. NetworkManager (RHEL 7/8/9)
Old Command New Modern Command
Bring connection up nmcli connection up <connection>
Bring connection down nmcli connection down <connection>
Show connections nmcli connection show
Show devices nmcli device
Show device details nmcli device show <interface>
Reload connection profiles nmcli connection reload
8. Firewall (iptables → firewalld)
Old Command New Modern Command
iptables -L -n firewall-cmd --list-all
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j firewall-cmd --add-service=http
ACCEPT
iptables-save firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent
9. DHCP (NetworkManager)
Old Command New Modern Command
dhclient -r <interface> nmcli device reapply <interface>
dhclient <interface> nmcli device connect <interface>
Most Important Summary (4 commands to remember)
Old Command New Modern Command
ifconfig ip addr
netstat ss
route ip route
arp ip neigh