Classmate

ASP
Date

Page

18/4/24
WTFT

1 sampling

OFT
9
A

3x teps

Rampling, quantizing, encoding

sampling -
Cr&ignal
to 197

Co

3.5

↑
5
 3.5

-3.5-3.5
8
та
T
11

TEELMA
tntA
Ст
чот

*(H) = 58i0 RITE +

*CH) = 5x in 21x125+
85 1254X

= sein 217X 125 x1x10 - 3 x n

x(1x103xn)=x (nTx)

*(0) =
O

x(1mx) = 3·5

X (2mx)
=5

X (3mx) = 3.5

* (4mx)=0
=

125
1
 fx =

Ts
1x1073
801

= 1000HZ

*(n)
{0,3-5, 5,3-5, 0, -3.5, -5, -3.5
3
6/2
1/2
1/2
£(4)=
E(xy) = 1.5.
V x =
 classmate
Fundamental period.
грахян
Periocl'c

Find WTF1
Date

Page

of the Rignal given.

* (n) = {(1, 1}
T

*(-2):
81

X(^) e
jann

19 TFT
*(12)
x(12)
=

+x(0) e° + x (1)e = -2
+
 e +lte

= 1 + 2 cos [-2]

A
OFF
x(K)

ป
* (~2)=
2.47
*cnie

√2 से शाम त
-1:20

x (-2)=
ゴル

201
x cn) e
-jic 2 n
N
 21(k) =
3176

NU
-jkaπn
xcn) e
2

N-1
2
X(k) = { x cm) e
-j

Wixcrete Fourier transform { OFT

-51217 n
N1
x (() =
4-0
OM
Σ
* Cn) e

x(n) = {x(α), X(1) ..

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OFT {xcm)}
2-1
X (k) =
Σ
jkzn
xcry e
K70
N SI
2=0

IAFT {XCIX} = x (n) =

calculate OFT салалан
NI

M
jk 2n
x (k) e
72
N
n=o,!
J
1=0
2

bec) = {1, 2, 3, 4}

X (K) =
NT
E
N=C

3
х спе

Σxcnie
-jk 27 n

217n

j शा

=xcole JK2O + xcvé

+ x 12 @ JK 2 - 1
кое
4

+ {(2) @ JK2T.
e

=
7
[27.3
+ x(3) e

jK
1

+ 2xe
+ 3x e
 -jk2-2

(x(k))
Luck

10000!

2-82
42-35
2√2
37774

IT
༡

2.82 1-2035
2 12
-3774

2 น.CO
*(0)=10.

x (1)=-2+2j

X(2)=2

x(3) = -2-2j

(x(K)
จ
2√2
37HG

1
2
3

-374.

*(^)= [ 2 0 1 -1]
5 POiN OFT
14 4 point
 (201-1) given
10J

7Point OFT
[20 1-100 0] x?

2214126
*(k) = { 10, -2+2j, -2, −2-2j
77
15 *ck) $25
*(^)=1 E
N K=0
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Date

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O
L
11

{
+201 ୧
4
xc2, e
 +x(37e

देई
10 + (-2+2}) < 2/4 x +

(-2) / 44x + (-2-23)

Lollux

xin £ 1,2,3, uy
1/2 ((10X120X) - ((2+2j) × 12270) -(2) × 1 (180)
4(2-23) × 1190))

Twiddle factor

*(K) =

*(() =

21
n=0

Σd

-23
xcne

WN
: en

77

-jk15
 Σ x^) WN
ทะ
кл
‫الي‬

16-290

-223
2=4
14 =
e

-ja

(W4)° = (+3933°
J
(Wy) =

-jm/2
(wr 10 = 1
e
24 - C

(W1)2 = (eJM2)2
Re

= cos m, -3 sin m
13

=j
-jπ

COS IT-} KinπT

=-1
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 Date

Page

(Wu) = (2-
312) 3
ze
J3772

= (α^ 3π/2 - j^ in
3T72
j
325
jan

casati-jaing

(Wu)° = 1, (wa)' =
†
=
(wa)'=j, (W4)2 =
1

(w1133 =}, (w11)"

=1
 atN

WN

LHS
=
a

WN

3
atN

with N = 8
e

j27N

श/na

= (WN) a

= RH8

-32578
W2
=e

1
We = e

(W8)° = (
-j2578

154 อ
(W8)'= (e3414) '
1=1
j
45
333

J
wy
сой

20 ito ang tot

a+N

177174
-N

3l ས
56970
 1

COST/Lj Sin
YE
-3412

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Date

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cos 1/2 - 3 sin 1772

-1

(was = (ettujs
= (0)

314 -jin=14

thip 16
+ jXX2
(W8)*

(W814 -1
1
(wes° & (18)
W8'

Y12- Y
(W8)3

(4832
 AFT as a linear transformation.

1-N
*(k) =
Σ
X Cn)
e

JK25
27

neo

77
Kn
=

Σ
xcn)
Wo
n=d

K=0
acos =

*cos(w/w + α(1)
x(1) (2)0 + × (2) (
*(K) = x(O) (CUN)
xcos

(0)
K

+x(1) (hvite +xxa) (k + *(3) (WN)3k

+ α(N~)(WN)
(NY)K ° (64) - K=01-

+ α(2) (CON) +
X(2-1)
N1
 = x (0)
fern+x(2) +
X(~~1)

K=1
X(1)
= x (0) + x (1) (~~ " +
X (2) (WN)2
+

X(N-1)(WN)
271

572
K=2
X(2) =

* (0) + X(1) (WN)2 + x(2) (WN)"

+.
2 (NY) (WN)

K=3

*(3) = X(0) + X(1) (WN)2 + X (2)

(~~jo
+

"(NT)(WN)

(12)
X
43

1 (0) + X(1)(WN)
Mn = N X N = N2

NX
(L~
)
=
ut
Ne N
 K (0)

X(2)

X(3)
=
11

X(~~)
1

72
+ x(2) (WN)
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Date.

Page

(84)2
2(~~)
+

X(N4)(WN)

1
1
J
1
X (6)

I WN W2 WN3
WN
X (1

‍
 6
L
WN WN WIN
2(N) WN
x (22

3(2-1)
6
g
1
WN
x(3)
WN
W
N

WN

77
2(~~) 3(NT

WW WW WN
49

<N-U2
INN

[X]NKS = [W] NKN [x]

NX)
[x] = [WN] [x]
[WN] = Twiddle factor matrix

[x] = [WN]" [x]

72

(2

x (^) = Y/N 2 ~(K) (JIZINN

ГаЈ

Comp
 = YN
4
٤ (C = 0
~~
Σ
K=0
-kn
2(K)
WN

3
YN [WN J [x]

[W~J" = YN [WN]
&3

CIJ
13

I [WN] [WN]

N[I] = [WN][WN]
T
=P

Identity matrix
2514124

Twiddte factor marrix tor

4point OFF

[mu] =
X(0)
1 1 1
x (0)
1

2
XCO
I WA
W
3
ACO
WA
2

X(2)
1
Wat
Wa Wa
K(2)

X(3)
3
6

WAWA WA
9

(x(37)
X
 1
(

wu wa wa

we w wyt

1
3
W3
We wa
9

1
1
1
1

-j
-1

Symmetric matrix

1
-1
01 -1

j
-1

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Date

Page
 x(n) = {1, 2, 3, 44
Find *(K) wing matrix method

Tx J = [W][x]

X (0)
x (0)

X(1)
we were w
x(1

6
XC2)
1

X<37

we w wal
*(3)
い
-

X(0)

x(1)

X (2)
T
1
1 -1
3

X (3)
1
-j
Ն
 X(0) = 10

X (1) = 1-2j-3 + 4 j

X (2) =

X(3) =
-Q +aj

1-2 + 3-4

=-2

1 +2;-3-4)

= -2j - 2 = -2- 2

X (10) = { 10, -8 + 2 ;, −2, −2

−2}}

IOFT

[x]:
4

[WJ* [x]
N
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Date Page
 K (0)
1
1
1
10

2 (17
L

--
--
1-
-2+2j
4

2(2)
[
7
1
-1
-2

1
223)
ゴ
-1
j
-2-2j

X (0) = 1 1 (10-2 + 2/; -2-2-73)

= 414
(K1)
X (o) = 1
 *(1)=

X(2) =

[10- 1/3 + 2)2 + 2 + 3 + 2;2]

-1 (104/2-12-2]

2.

4 [10+2 - 1/3 /21/2+28]

५

X(3) =
= 3

1 [ 10 +/23 - 2)2 + 2 - kj−z;2]

1 [163
C
 = 4.

*c)= X(K+N)
27

LHS =
XCK):
Σ x(n) e
N

какаи

jk20 kn
Xn
(x(K+N)
Excre N
e

* (ktov) =
x (k)

* C^) =
X(^ +N)
 [= 0)X

classmate
Date
Page
75

Compute
8 point dfr
01

*Cn1 =

1,1,0,0,0,0}
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Date

Page

M (b) = {4, 1-2 + 4143, 0, 1-0-410, 140. Un, o

X(01
1
1
1

་+).༦༩༦།
2(0)
XC ()
Į
4
We Wg
X(1)

XX2)
2

1
&
 Ne nig

X(3)
3
9

Wo Wo we wou
18

ms wo wo wo his was wat

W8
8
10 12
1 (2)

21

ཀ(3)

X(4)
L
12
16
20
24
28
18
X (4)
Vils

хсл
1
Wes
10

S)
20
30
35
21 (5)

XCG)
L
We we hide his 24 fro
૩૦
36
W8
Wg
2(6)

X (7)
I met will
42
ид
21

Ws was WIST Ws
117)
We
 X(0)
=P
1

な
*(1)
Į
152 + 3/52

X(2)
Į
-
1
-j - 1 j
-452-3158 159
X(3)
1

k(༥)
1
2
1
-

X61
1 -

X(c)
1
j
- l -j

45-3/50
X(7)
O

tonjugate Rymmetry property

For a

Meal Rignals 7 (k) = x*(N-1)

 140
Xck)
N

*(K) = x*(N-1)

LMS
27
jkun.
* (# ) =
Σ x(n) ทรง
e

KN-K

LN
*(-1) = J
Σ
420
к спое

72

Σ R=G
IT (N-K)
(C)

x(n) e

JK25

13
Tn.

(0)X
~(~~K) = x
n=c

complex conjugate on BS

j to jor VV
 X(N-(0)

ZW
*(n) e

** C*-*) = *(K)

W=8
*(K) = X" (N-K)

*(*) = x* (8-\()

(x(0) = x*(8) Real

*(1) =** (71

(C3)=x*(5)
P

X(2) = X
x* (c)
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Date

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 (x(4) = x2 (u)) Real.

*
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Date

Page

real

consider
a 8 point kequence
kon) with OFT *(K)
 Given.
X001=4
X(7) = 1+2+414}

X(8)=0

*(5) = 1+0-414]

X(4) = 0

By conjugak symmetry property

N=8

*(K) = x* (N-K)

x(0) = x * (8)

X < 1 > = x * C 71

α (2) = x2 (6) 12,

α(3) = x2 (5) =x*(5)

X (4) = x* (4) *

× (1) = 1-2-414; 21(3)=-1-004143

Linearity property

* (0)
WFT
4x(K)
 x,(^) = x, (k)

%2CP)
"2 (k)
μ(6)=0

X3(K)

* 3 (^) = a1x, (n) +92x2 (ni

13((() = a{x, (k)) + bx2 (k)
*
PT
}(x) = 9,*, (^) +-q, x2 (k)
4-ax,

*2n) =a, x, (n) fa2%, (n)

*, (D) (~ x,(^)
0

42 (D) 24 212 (k)

*3 (^) ←4x3(K)

Bro04

(OFT {x; (D)}}

=4

Σ
Jassmate
Date
Page

72

ΠΡΟ
21
Σ
ntc

e jx zijn,
 [a,x,(^) +92x2 (^)] ejkarn

12

*<3 (K) =
2

9, 2, (^) e JK257
N-

+
Σ

n=0

ax2 (n) eixin.

ทะ

k20n
a
Σ
X,cn)e
‫א‬
n20

=a1 x,ck) +ą 2 (k)

K2 (k) = a, X,CK) + 92 *2(K)

circular time shitting property

X (^)= [15,20,25,30]
+ a2
 X((2-714

25 130
30 (4.25
20
20
17 Σ

है pilgr
nee

$
223 n
01 23
n
恶(n)
9914124
25
30

23
20

X((^-7))4 -130 15 20 25]

2025]

xccn-2))μ [25 30 15 207

↑

Circular time shift property

7 modivo 3 = 1
3 = 1 ex

remiander

d
41

6 moulo 3 = 0
VI

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Date

Page
 ((7))31

((6)13-0

((2)13 = 2
I cant divide
2643

((-1))3
=2
as ve
add 3 to 1

((-4)18 = 2

xcm) = [ao a, az a3]

น
y (n) = *((n-1))4

y(0) = x((7)) u ५(०)

x(3)

y(1)
13

* (cony

= X(0)

[93 ao a, a2]
= [93
9(2) = X((1)/G

2x(1)

Y(3) = α ((2)14

= x (2)
 Proof

4 xcn)
OFT <-
2
1(k)

" (co-)~

where I<NT

‫ود‬.
кл
WN X X(K)

N-1
H

N
Σ 1=0
N

*((^_^) ~ 6-32577.
OFF { x((^~~~}
1224

a value b/w O&NY

het 'I' be

n = 0, 1, 2
d,
-N-1

{ &N= 8
0
I n=p
M=7-1
=

==
0
Kn

กะ

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Date

Page

Ka

n=c

1-1 Σ 9=0

* ccm-5))¢ Wigkn +
 [*cn-e+N) wkn It

n-1 +N=m

7N
ΣΟ
M=N-1

in 1st E
K(Mtd~~)
*(m) W
N
n=5

74

Σ
ned

accr-5118 Wan }

(0)8
(CA

2=44
M=N-1
 h=3+1-2 71

>Σ
M=7
xcm) WN

K(+1)
(0)8
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n-l-m
in and E

n=l
NH
O
น
Σ
310

x(m) (N
K (m+1)

7=24
2-1-1=M

n=mtd

41
NT

Σ m-Ned
2cm) WN
( (m+l)
N-IT
Σ
k (mt()
 2 (m) WN
3=0

٤ 300
K(MH)
k(mfd)
X(M) W
+
2
Σ M=N-l
n(m) NN

ZWE
x (m2 wŵk (m+1))
101V
MO
JJ
(((mtu)
27

ист? Ni
3=0

km
кл
Σ
Xcm)
WN
22

N77
Im
Econ) Wi
= W√
кл
3=0

кл
Wwx x ( k )

OFT Excen-1"} =
ке

WN
x(K)

to
 Classmate
Date

Page

Given x(n)=(1, 2, 3, 4]
OFT X(K)
&

FT σ the xequence
yensexcom-24

x(x) = { ro, ~2+2j

1-2-2-254

yen) = X CCR-214

19FT {4(n)}
00

WFT { "CCA-211uy

WFT {XCCR-d3IN} = we
сл
XCK)
WN

Y(K) =
K3 WN
*(K)

Y(0) =
W1 X (0) +0=10
ㄓ
YC0) =
W1 X (1)
-(-2+2)=
2-25

4 (2) = W1 x(2) =
W1X(2)
-2
 6
YO) =
Wy x(3) ww
= ~(~2~2j)
= 2+2j

YCK) = { 10, 2-25, -2, 2+2 } }

x(n) = 6 point gequence

with
xck) as its OFT, with out

computing
JOFT
Find the fequence
усп
Whose 6

511

Point OFT
in given
as
Y(D) 24 W6
*(K)

*<m) = { x(0) *(1) X(6) X (3) X(u)

YOU) - WE K(K)

[OFI
to above egn
α<}=x(K)
 9(n) = X(Cn-516

yco) -
X((-57)6 = x (1)

Y(0) = x ((-4)) 6 = *(2)

9(2) = x2 (C-3116 = X (3)

Y(3) = x ((-21) 6 = x (4)

4(4) = x ((-7))6 = X (5)

4(5) = x((0))6 = 1 (0)

4(n) = { x(1) X (2)

a (3) x (4)
X(57

x (0) Y

215724
Freq shifting
OFT
X(n)
N
x(K)

-in
2(^)

Proot

LMS
X (CK~1) 'N

(0) X
 отядят
OFT { etzten x(n)}
WFT {wijen x(n)}
- OFT{é
72
41

Σ
山の
er
*(n)
H

19

Ž
丸くのつ
e

n=o

77

Σ
n=0

R
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 -3kzin

j klmn
e

Moja je F n
e
e

N-T

Σ xcn) e
neo

Jann (Krd
+N)
e
N

WFT {with xem)}

X (K- l + N)
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 compute
upoint WFT of the signal

also find yon)

it 9 (0) = 2(CK-2)4
197

*(0) = {1 2 3 43

*(() =

MI
*(0) e
21.

jk2zn.

1.6 12.0
+ (7) e 자

+le

ėjk 201
4

jk24 33

x(k) = { 0 2+23
02-233

Y(K) = x((K-2)N

JAFT or BS

y(n)
IP
-20
x cn)
Wu
 n=o
4(0) =
m/g x (o) =
1x) =1

अथ
gc =
Wy

n=2

y (z) = wi
4-

-6
n=3
y(3) =
W4
(3) X(3)
と

2-2241) = -1x = 1
~

x (2) = {x+7=
1x4=4

2 - 1× 1 = -1

CO2K

yen) = { {
0471

1 - 1 - 14
K2

(4) + 2x22 = 2
১

IT
 WW
-P

=(WNP J*
2HJ

Convolution

y(n) = x(n) *G(n) Успо

Σ XQ) G (n-1)

yon) = x (n) Ch(n)

44
77

Σ xcom) h((n-m))
340

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Date Page

Pe form
"point
 XCR) = [1
cirawar convolution of requences given

=[ 1 1 12]
n(n) = [46 2 1]
n(R)=[4

Y(n) = x(n) Ch (n)

12

успо
=
Σ
x (m)

3=0
543

3
Σ x (m) h (CNM))4
3:0

n=0
X

{
y (0)
= x(o) h((())4 + Ух

=3

3 Σ

3=0
xcm) b ((m) 4
 11

N=1
уси
= 14
Σ
mie
=

*(0) h((0))μ + x(1) 6 ((7)/4 + X(2) f((-2)),

+ x(3) h((-3))4

1.4 + 11
+1-2
+9x6

4 +1 + 2 + 12

=
19

x (m) 6 (CIM))4

k (o) h ((Mu
+ 2(1) h(colly + X (2) h ((4X

+ *(3) h((-2)lu

1-61-W + 1∙I
+ 2 x 2

215

1=8
५(2) =
n =3
y(2)

320
x(m) h((2-m»y
Data
Page
ute

= x (o) h ((?)μ + x(1) h((bly + x(2) (()

+1(3) h((-11y
= 2.2 + 1.6 + 1. 4 + 2.1

- 14

P
3-0
x(m) h((3 m)
200 + ((3)4 + x (1) + ((2114)
+ % (3) h((04

= 1 - 1 + 1.2

13.
=
315124
* (n) = [ 1

टे
‫له‬
о

11 23
4(n) = [4
6
2 13

310
1
6 73

2
1

n((m)lu

{4 +267

+ 1.6
+ 2.4

५७)
=

Σ nom) h ((m))~

318
6

4(n) = {19 15
14 17}

n
ист

h(cn-M)14
0

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Date

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y()=v) Onncns
17

yen) = Σ ncm) h((nm

3=0

है
31C

* con) h((n-m)/y
N

Уго) =
Σ
*(m> h((~mily

3-0

4 (0) = 4 + 1 + 2 + 12 = 19

2
h CC1 mily 13
+(1-mx4-[6 4
4 12]
y (1) = 6 +4 +4 +↓
ги
12.

12
h((tm)ly
-[64
267

127

2
1 2+
(on ((2-3)14
[=
6
4

]
3=2

3
12
2
6
2.

= 15

y(2) = = x(m) h((2-m)ly

340

५(१) -
~((&M)Y = [2
6 413
རྔ་ཕྲགར་ད
1
6

2 + 2 + 6 + 4 = 14
n=3
5637

है
- Σ x cm) h((3 m)/4
320
473
h-mu

9(3)=1+8 +246

= 17..
Date

Page

9
4 (2) = 2 + 6 + 4 + 2

214
5631
t

classmate
Date

Page

(+2 + 6 +8
- 17.

wing OFT & COFT

circular convolution.

*(^)= [1, 2]
A(n) = ( 4 6
2 13

yon = *(n) Nh(n)

Taking COFT) on BS

УСС = x(K)
H(K)

matrix method.

2=4

y col
Tacos h(3) h(2) h(1)
X(0)
Step 1 = Find *(K) & H(K)

усо

9 (2)
h(1)
6(0) n(3) h(2)
2(1)
Srep
2

We compute the product of

SHOP 3 =
Find SOFT OLY(K)

h(2) hco
hco, h(3)

y(3)
2 (2)

น (3)
h(3) h(2)
h(1) h(o)

n((amily = [nco) h(3) h(2)hch]

h((2-m)2 = [hc2)
6c1

Gros 6(3)]
~(cm)ly = [nciscos nes) fol
{ (( 3-on)ly = [h(3) h(2) h(1) hol)
усо
་
6
19

you
6
L
2
10
15

4(2)
2
6
14

५(3)
ર
64

y (0) = 4 + 1 + 2 + 12
4 (1) = 6 + 4 +174
= 19
= 15
1)

OFT
10
a

*(*)&H() = v(t)
4

CR)

YORI JORTr

hekt

* (k) =

[ 5 j - -j]
*CK) =
[13
2-53 - 2+57]

V (k) = [65 2j+5 1 5-23]

0.3804
-83805

IOFT {y} = yon) =

[19
15

14 177

(0-9)*
17

rime
classmate
Date

Page.

wravar folding/ Reflection property

(4)X
N

OFT
*((~)~ CNX((*) ~
OFF
*(0)= [1
3 4]

x (k) = [ 10 −2+2j -2 -2-27]

*((^»~ = 14 3 z]

~~~((-K)) = [10-2-2}
-2

Pr001

LHS
OFT EXC

AFF {x(N-0)}
4

1-2
-2+21]
J

*(0)= [4
56 J

-1 2 0 J
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y cos
1
O
२ -J
J

4(1)
9

15
-1
1
0 2

4(2)
2

)-
0
C
9
५(3)
6
2- 1

y(3)=10-6
y (0) =
4 +12-7
= -4+ 5+14
4

9(a) = 8-5 +6

= 9
15
-9
=

942

Uit n=o

52:4
342

3=1

N-n=m
22
7=m+N

Σ x(m) JK2" (MAN)

2-d

Σ
3- N

X (m) J2 (N-M)

Excm, M-01
Pertom Linear convolution
of 2 Requences
through circular

Convolution

*(^)= [1

h(n) = (2
1]

e JK 25m

4
NY
Σ
3:0

ист, евкаут

x (m) e
3=0
3

X (K)

x(x) =
*(~~K)

Since *(K) & *(*) are periodic

= X(~~K)

AFT {XCON} = *((-K))~

yen) = x (^) Own(n)

4(n)
5

77

Σ x(m) h (CRM)4
3=0

= { x (m) ((n-m)/4
3-0
3

y (0)
Σ
3:0
x(m) h((-mu

11
1-
1 07

00]
= *(0) h((0)4 + 2(1) + ((-1)α
+ × (2) + ((-2))μ + × (3) h ((-3774

1.2 + (-1) (0) + 1 (0) + (0) (1)

=2

9619 =
Σ x (m) b((1-Ma
3d

= x (o) h (Cap 14
= (1)(£) + (7)(2) + (1) (0)
4 (0) (0)

५८०)
2 00 1
1

421
17

1 200
)-

9(2)
0120
1

4(3)
0 0 17

complex conjugate property

Date

Page
SMATE

xin-x) =OFT { X^<^>}

+2233 \((-2314

Modulation /Multiplication property

‫ہ وہ‬
=
classmate

Date Page

y(n) = x((^) 1, (^) — YN XI(K) ON *2(() = ~(K)

Proot

WK T

OFT {x(n)}:
17
=
с
^=0

WFT {x, (^)x, (n)} =

*(^)
N

OFF
K(K)

← xx (6-«»
- x + ((-x)~ = x2 (N-x)
と
~~

Let 12 (M) = 1/N E

1=0

2N

Proot

x(t)
‫דא‬
=

Σ
про
พ (ก) e

Compirx conjugate on BR.

** (() =

N-
x (k) =
24
Σ
n=d
4 XCA

ejkagm.

KNK)

22 1 x + c^> ein- <125

Σ
430

72

x
+ JENN
** (N-x) = Σ *" (n) 770
n=0

‫דא‬
= (n)
680

77
Σ
*(0)12(02 e
n=0

Σ
2 น.(0) YN
2=0
71

= x264 325
Σ
d=0
e

N+
-jzen (K-2)
1,Ca) e
220

Σ (1) E
2=0

-YN Σ * (0) x,(<_<)

2=0

periodic +N
с

YN
N

X,

Σ *2 (1) X, (N+K-e)`
240

YN 14 α, ((K-4)~
1то

= YN X, (K) Qx, (*)

QFT {x,(^> X2(^)}

CYN, *, CK) ~ 1 (k)
x(n) = x (^) even *=*(^) -todd
classmate
Data Paga

(((^~^^")~ FXCM) -Geven

2

*((~~)~ =~X(^) -todd

xc^/> { 5 6 # 6 } — even.
200-777-856 = 67

6
0

H
10079

XCM)

=-X (0)

2002=80

s-
5 6 -6 -5}

-66 54
X(0)14
xcn)

-xon)

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Let
* (e) be the OFF OF ICA) which could be a Complex

& written as

x(x) = A + B;

complex conjugate on Be

a^(k) = A-jB

04
=2A
= x (*) + 1* (*)

A = [*(K) + ** (o)]
=↓
20
2

since for a real sequence

x ((-x)2 = x*(K)

JB
=

= 1 (x(x) = x * (x))

•1/2 (αck) - ((-))N)

~

LOFT] σean o
4
PT
for a real & even requence the OFT in purely real &
13
=A
N
& even .: OFF a real sequence
in purely real

& 000
imaginary
CofiJa

16(x) = Y2 [x (1) - α((-π)~] = js

ad d .:OFF a real & nequence
in purely imaginary
consider areal Requence
KCD) =

Xen xoan
Xe (A) =
14
(xcm) + "<<n> ~]

M6(A)

615724
Linearity
cory'u gate symmetry C. Time shifting
C'4ye9"
complex conjugate
Parsavels theorem
[Link]
multiplication
Convolution
cordation
Parsavels

symmetry property for real

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Date
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y=x tiy

LMS
Σ 1X CAR2 =
n=0
A
=1
L
N

YN 1 (x(x) (2

Σ 11(0)12
5-0
13
Σ
286
X(n) X(n)

X(0)= 1
N
‫דא‬

KO

хорор

27 x(x) ejt25n
K=0

121 = √x2+y2

7.7*
t

x2+ya
1212=14444

Complex Conjugte or BS

XCD) = YN
77

[=0

LHS =

2=0
77 Σ K=0

YN **(K) @JK2n
N-
77

=1
Xco) e
n=0
K=0

N-1
= 1 x (0) x(0)
N
K=0

= Y/N

- YN

RHR.
Σ K=0

74

Σ
(C = 0

x(x) **(K)
(xcks 12

X (^)
иску

x*(^) ← ×

ACCIN← x*(K)
4

x+(~-~)

co-relation { similarity}

Yoy
auto
com elation co-relation
Compare 2
Aequences с усп
comparing Requence
with itsell
2(n) & 1(-1)

[crous cordation
classmate
Date

Page

circular crou Corciation

"Txy (1) = x(1) GN 4 ((-47),

77
+>

xcn) y (cn-"~
Яху
(1) = x(e)
* 4(-2)
May (1)=
Ž
2=-0

x(n) y (-(1-n))
Thy (1)=
3

=
Σ 314∞

*(n) (n-1)

L Auto corelation

xx (1)
= x(1) + 2(-1)
N
2

Σ
2116

જી
Σ
3=16

C croy corelation

12
Max (1)
N

*(n) * ((A-1)N

250
x(n) 4 (-(-n))

(U)k (x
xcn)=

[1 2 3 4]
↑
y(n) = [0 1 2 3]

Lcroy-corelation

Mxy (d)

= ~(2) 9 (-1)
xcn)
6
1 2 3
-3-2
yean)

Varsha!
66
-

५
32

3 2.

9
64

6
2

413/8/4/0
Thy (1) = {3, 8, 14, 20, 11, 403
↑

Myx (1) = x(1)*x(-1)

*(1) = (1 2:34 J-0-)p())

*(-1)= [ 4
3

2J
↑
‫כ‬
2

3
21
་

Date

Page
Ate
‫تو‬

CAR

yeas
O

५८)
3
Ο
1

32
=
12

५(४)
2
1

0 3.
₹
LO

५(३)
3
210
3

Circular
(roy corciation property

7441
Усло
14 Y(R)
20

{ May cel
May (1) ←
R1y (k) = x(^) y *(K)

ni

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Date

Page
J
2

3
(2
9
3
J
16
12
4
**

2 (1) = {4, 11, 20, 30, 20, 11, 43

↑
Proot
My (1) = x(1) ON (1)
Fi on BS

LOFT {xy ()}= WFT {xW)* ((-1))~}}

N

19FT {r()} = eFT {x()}. OFTE *C(-1)}

{Jxy
Rxy (k) = X(R) Y*(0)
4

Since.
y= ((-1))N ←yces

Circular Auto corelation prop

LHS

РГ
पिन Σ

*(R) < x(t)

** (WN (1)

Mx (1)=x(3) Q (Ryy)=
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Date

Page

*(K) **(K)

Mxx (d) = x(1) * ((~~) M

AFT on BS
2

OFT {xx (1)} = OFT {x (1) CN x*((-1))~}

= OFT {X(J)}· BFT { x* ((-1)}

5
Ryx (1)

RHS
4
13

- NS(K)

TEO
N

0
K=0

070

12
KHS
=

M
Kn

Σ WN = (WN2) "~
3=0
2

247
L Σαπ

W
K

N
-1
R=C

=QRH
ал
К
N

о
K #0
971
case & x = 0

LMS
N.
Σ
n=0
Κα
WN
지1
KA
Σ WN

‫عقم‬

77
On
Σ
W
2

‫برا‬
Σ
1
n =c

241-071

=N

{
K=0
K#0

Find the WFT of un't step function

исл

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