Class-8
Introduction to Python
Python is a high-level, interpreted
programming language.
It is simple, powerful, and widely used.
Applications of Python:
Web Development
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Data Science
Game Development
Automation
Features of Python
Easy to learn and use
Open-source and free
Platform-independent
Supports Object-Oriented Programming
(OOP)
---
Input and Output
Output using print()
print("Welcome to Python")
Multiple Outputs
name = "Aman"
age = 13
print("Name:", name)
print("Age:", age)
Input from User
name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello", name)
Numeric Input
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print("You entered:", num)
---
3: Variables and Data Types
Variables
Variables are used to store data.
x = 10
name = "Aman"
Data Types
Data Type Example
Integer (int) 25
Float 3.14
String (str) "Python"
Boolean (bool) True, False
List[1, 2, 3]
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4: Operators
Arithmetic Operators
Operator Meaning
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
% Modulus
// Floor Division
** Exponent
Example:
a = 10
b=3
print(a + b)
print(a // b)
print(a ** b)
Comparison Operators
Operator Meaning
== Equal
!= Not Equal
> Greater Than
< Less Than
>= Greater Than or Equal
<= Less Than or Equal
---
5: Conditional Statements
if Statement
num = 10
if num > 0:
print("Positive Number")
if-else Statement
num = 5
if num % 2 == 0:
print("Even")
else:
print("Odd")
if-elif-else Statement
marks = 85
if marks >= 90:
print("A+")
elif marks >= 75:
print("A")
elif marks >= 60:
print("B")
else:
print("C")
---
6: Loops
for Loop
for i in range(1, 6):
print(i)
while Loop
count = 1
while count <= 5:
print(count)
count += 1
Nested Loop
for i in range(1, 4):
for j in range(1, 4):
print(i, j)
---
7: Strings
Creating Strings
name = "Python"
String Functions
text = "python programming"
print(len(text))
print([Link]())
print([Link]())
String Slicing
word = "COMPUTER"
print(word[0:4])
print(word[-3:])
---
8: Lists
Creating a List
numbers = [10, 20, 30, 40]
Accessing Elements
print(numbers[0])
List Methods
[Link](50)
[Link](20)
print(numbers)
Looping Through a List
for item in numbers:
print(item)
---
9: Tuples and Dictionaries
Tuple
colors = ("Red", "Green", "Blue")
print(colors[1])
Dictionary
student = {
"name": "Aman",
"class": 8,
"marks": 85
}
print(student["name"])
---
10: Functions
Simple Function
def greet():
print("Welcome")
greet()
Function with Parameters
def add(a, b):
return a + b
result = add(5, 7)
print(result)
---
11 Modules
Modules are files containing Python code that
can be reused.
Example using math module:
import math
print([Link](25))
Output:
5.0
---
12: Exception Handling
Exception handling prevents program crashes.
try:
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print(num)
except:
print("Invalid Input")
---
Chapter 13: Simple Programs
Prime Number Check
num = 7
count = 0
for i in range(1, num + 1):
if num % i == 0:
count += 1
if count == 2:
print("Prime Number")
else:
print("Not Prime")
Factorial Program
num = 5
fact = 1
for i in range(1, num + 1):
fact *= i
print("Factorial =", fact)
Fibonacci Series
a, b = 0, 1
for i in range(10):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
---
Important Points
Python is case-sensitive.
Proper indentation is required.
Use comments (#) to explain code.
Functions help reduce repeated code.
Lists, tuples, and dictionaries are
important data structures.
---
Quick Revision
✅ Variables and Data Types
✅ Input and Output
✅ Operators
✅ Conditional Statements
✅ Loops and Nested Loops
✅ Strings and String Functions
✅ Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries
✅ Functions and Return Values
✅ Modules
✅ Exception Handling
✅ Prime, Factorial, and Fibonacci Programs
Viva Questions
1. What is Python?
2. What is a variable?
3. Difference between a list and a tuple?
4. What is a function?
5. What is a module?
6. What is exception handling?
7. What is the use of range()?
8. Explain string slicing with an example.