Data Science - Most Probable Important
Questions (15 per Unit)
Unit I – Fundamentals of Data Science
1. Define Data Science and explain its importance.
2. Differentiate structured, semi-structured and unstructured data.
3. Explain scales of measurement.
4. Compare CSV, JSON, XML and SQL tables.
5. Explain data quality dimensions.
6. Explain DIKW model.
7. Explain CRISP-DM lifecycle.
8. Compare CRISP-DM, SEMMA and TDSP.
9. Explain data sources.
10. Applications of Data Science.
11. AI vs ML vs DS.
12. Roles in DS.
13. Ethics and privacy.
14. Big Data characteristics.
15. Short notes on key terminology.
Unit II – Mathematical Statistics
1. Importance of Mathematical Statistics.
2. Role in ML.
3. Vectors and matrices.
4. Dot and cross product.
5. Matrix operations.
6. Eigenvalues/eigenvectors.
7. Random variables.
8. Bayes theorem.
9. Expected value and variance.
10. Mean, median, mode.
11. Standard deviation.
12. Correlation vs covariance.
13. Linear algebra role.
14. Linear regression using matrices.
15. Statistical foundations.
Unit III – Programming
1. Types of ML.
2. Supervised vs Unsupervised vs RL.
3. Linear Regression.
4. Logistic Regression.
5. Decision Trees.
6. SVM.
7. Confusion Matrix.
8. Precision Recall F1.
9. ROC AUC.
10. MSE RMSE R2.
11. NumPy.
12. Pandas.
13. Data Cleaning in Pandas.
14. Matplotlib.
15. Seaborn.
Unit IV – Preprocessing & Visualization
1. Data preprocessing.
2. Steps of preprocessing.
3. Missing values.
4. Outliers.
5. Z-score vs IQR.
6. Feature extraction/selection.
7. PCA.
8. EDA.
9. Uni/Bi/Multivariate.
10. Need of visualization.
11. Visualization inputs.
12. Cognitive aspects.
13. Gestalt principles.
14. Ethics.
15. Tableau vs Power BI.
Unit V – AutoML & ETL
1. ETL process.
2. ETL challenges.
3. ETL in AutoML.
4. AutoML workflow.
5. AutoML vs traditional ML.
6. AutoML libraries.
7. Benefits/limitations.
8. Pandas in AutoML.
9. Normalization vs Standardization.
10. Tools: Python R Git.
11. Big Data architecture.
12. Big Data ecosystem.
13. Applications/challenges.
14. AI-powered data cleaning.
15. ETL+Big Data+AutoML integration.