Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS

COMPETENCY-BASED
LEARNING MATERIAL
SECOND YEAR

0
 RAC SERVICING NC1
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: PERFORM BASIC
ELECTRICAL WORK
Module No. 5 PERFORMING BASIC
ELECTRICAL WORK

1
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Module: 5
PERFORMING BASIC ELECTRICAL WORK Page

What is this Module about? -------------------------------------------- 1

What do you already know?
Pre Test 2

Lesson 1: Preparing electrical tools and test 4

instruments---------

What is the lesson about?

What will you learn?
Let us study
Let us remember
Let us apply what you have
How much have you learned?
Let us apply what you have learned
Resources
References
Key to corrections

Lesson 2:
Test power supply and electrical 11
components.........................

What is this lesson about?

What will you learn?
Let us study
How much have you learned?
Let us apply what you have learned
Resources
References
Key to corrections

Lesson 3:
Performing basic electrical repair and installation--------------- 19

What is this lesson about?

What will you learn?
Let us study
How much have you learned?
Let us apply what you have learned
Resources
References
Key to corrections
Post Test ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 26
Pretest/Posttest Answer key ----------------------------------------------- 28
 MODULE 5

QUALIFICATION TITLE : RAC SERVICING NC1

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : PERFORM BASIC ELECTRICAL

WORK

MODULE TITLE : PERFORMING BASIC

ELECTRICAL WORK

NOMINAL DURATION : 24 hours

WHAT IS THIS MODULE ABOUT?

This module covers the knowledge, manipulative

skills and desirable attitudes required in performing basic
electrical works.

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

After completing this module, you should be able to:

1. prepare electrical tools and test instruments;

2. test power supply and electrical components; and
3. perform basic electrical repair and installation.

WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW?

1
Pre - Test

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter

of the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which of the following instruments is used to measure

the AC current of a loaded or unloaded compressor?
a. clamp meter c. multi-Tester
b. milli ammeter d. voltmeter

2. In Refrigeration and Air conditioning, what instrument

is used to measure AC voltage and resistance?
a. ammeter c. multi-Tester
b. megohmeter d. matt Meter

3. What is the part of the ohmmeter that adjusts the

pointer to exact
zero-ohm position?
a. the test probes c. range Selector
b. the scale d. zero-Ohm Adjuster

4. What is the sensitivity of the regular TR 360 Multi-

Tester?
a. 10 k O/volt c. 20 k O/volt
b. 15k O/volt d. 30k O/volt

5. What hand tool is used to loosen or tighten screws?

a. file c. screw driver
b. hammer d. wrench

6. Which of the following hand tools is used to hold wires?

a. diagonal cutter c. screw Driver
b. long Nose Pliers d. soldering iron

7. What is the name of the Refrigeration tool used for

cutting light materials aluminum or copper?
a. tube cutter c. tube bender
[Link] saw d. side cutting pliers

8. The most dangerous electrical circuit is

a. ground circuit c. normal circuit
b. open circuit hack d. short circuit

2
9. What is the process of enlarging the tube end?
. a. boring c. reamering
b. filing d. swaging

10. What is the opposition to the flow of current?

a. electromotive Force c. inductive Reactance
b. inductance d. resistance

11. What is the device that is connected in series from the line 1 of
the power to the common terminal of the motor?
a. compressor c. Over load protector
b. lamp switch d. Relay

12. What makes the starting and running winding of the electric
motor operates
. a. Surge current relay c. Overload relay
b. running relay d. Starting relay

13. What is the switch that opens the electrical circuit as soon as
the cool inside the refrigerator has gone down to the rated
temperature?
a. Push button switch c. Toggle switch
b. Relay switch d. Thermostat

14. What is the frequency of AC in the Philippines?

a. 50 cps c. 160 cps
b. 60 cps d. 120 cps

15. Which switch is normally at on position when it is pushed?

a. Lamp switch c. Starting switch
b. Relay switch d. Toggle switch

3
LESSON 1

PREPARING ELECTRICAL TOOLS AND TEST INSTRUMENTS

WHAT IS THIS LESSON ABOUT?

This lesson deals on how to prepare tools and

instruments, its importance and uses in performing electrical
repair applied to refrigeration. It also includes manners of
identifying and replacing the defective one safely.

4
WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. identify electrical tools and test instruments according to

use;
2. check and lubricate for conditions electrical tools and
instruments;
3. identify defective tools and test instruments; and
4. observe safe handling of tools and testing instruments.

LET US STUDY

5
Measuring instruments - conglomeration of special circuits
whose intention is to know the exact response of
components in a given situation and specifications
Electrical components - devices that perform electrical
function necessary to contribute for the completeness of the
circuit
Tool Room - a very safe enclosure where tools and instruments
can be stored for easy facilitation of lending and retrieving
Safe Handling - the manner of using tools and instruments
where they are handled properly

Electrical Tools and Instruments

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning is a course that requires

the use of basic hand tools and testing instruments. The hand
tools commonly used in this area of specialization are as follows:

6
1. SIDE CUTTING
PLIERS Used in bending or
sometimes cutting thicker
wires.
 A hand tool commonly used to
tighten or loosen screws. It is
2. Screw of two types. The standard one
Driver or the flat edge and the Philip
screw driver.
3. Adjustable Used to adjust or
Wrench loosen/tighten hexagonal
Screw.
'
5. Self- Used for adjusting bigger
hexagonal screws and to hold
part of the refrigerator when
the purpose to apply greater
pressure to to move that object.

locking
pliers
 Testing instruments play great role in analyzing and
understanding the troubles in many refrigerator units as well as
the window-type air conditioning unit.

12
1. Clamp This measuring equipment is used
Ammeter for the measurement of AC current
of a loaded or unloaded compressor.
There are many models or brands
available with the capability of
measuring current only.

2. Multi-Tester

This measuring instrument is a

must to a refrigeration technician
and is also known as Volthomist. This
meter is capable of measuring AC
Voltage and DC current. For
refrigeration purposes only AC
voltage and resistance will be used.
More specifically

13
3. System Analyzer A system analyzer consists of a
manifold, brass cylinder pipe, with
three exhausts technically
considered the service intake
ports. Mounted to the manifold are
the compound Gauge and the
pressure gauge,

In preserving the usefulness of the electrical tools and

instruments, it is necessary to perform preventive
maintenance where tools that are prone to rust are given
lubrication once every two weeks or even once a week as the
case may be. Instruments such as Multi-tester and clamp
ammeter must be secured in a box or enclosure to protect
from being damaged.

Due to the frequent use of the tools and materials some

will be damaged or will be worn out. Therefore there must be
a process to determine the serviceability of the said tools and
instruments. If the tools and testing instruments do not
perform if usual functions after several attempts, then these
items can be declared defective and must be recorded and
tags are placed as to prevent the continuous use as these
may cause occurrence of untoward incident that could
endanger lives and properties.

Tools and measuring instruments confirmed to be defective

after thorough evaluation must be replaced with new ones
so it will not hamper the; teaching-learning situations

To ensure the lifetime use of the tools and instruments,

several pointers are provided to the users.

1. Use the right tool for a given job.

2. Do not use tools where it can be in a unsafe place.
3. Always have a tool room and systematic manner of
lending and retrieving tools and instruments.
4. Tools and measuring instruments must be treated
properly to avoid circuit troubles.

14
LET US REMEMBER

Basic hand tools are the means to get things done in much
easier manner especially in electrical works.

HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?

Answer the post test. Let’s find out how much you already
know about the electrical tools and instruments.

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the

letter of the best answer and write it on a separate sheet
of paper.

1. Which of the following instruments is used to measure the

AC current of a loaded or unloaded compressor?
a. clamp meter c. multi-Tester
b. milliammeter d. voltmeter

2. In Refrigeration and Air conditioning, what instrument is used to

measure AGV voltage and resistance?
a. ammeter c. multi-Tester
b. megohmeter d. watt Meter

3. What is the part of the ohmmeter that adjusts the pointer

to exact zero-ohm position?
a. the test probes c. range Selector
b. the scale d. zero-Ohm Adjustment

4. What is the sensitivity of the regular TR 360 Multi-Tester?

a. 10 k Q/volt c. 20 k O/volt
b. 15k Q/volt d. 30k Q/volt

5. What hand tool is used to loosen or tighten screws?

a. file c. screw driver
b. Hammer d. wrench

6. Which of the following hand tools is used to hold wires?

a. diagonal cutter c. screw Driver
b. long Nose Pliers d. soldering iron

7. What is the name of the Refrigeration tool that is used to cut

tubes made up of light materials aluminum or copper?
15
 a. aluminum Cutter c. diagonal Cutter
b. metal Cutter d. tube Cutter

8. What is the most dangerous electrical

a. grounded circuit c. normal circuit
b. open circuit d. short circuit

9. What is the process of enlarging the tube end?

a. boring c. reamering
b. filing d. swaging

10. What is the opposition to the flow of current?

a. electromotive force c. inductive reactance
b. inductance d. resistance

11. What is the device that is connected in series from the line 1
of
the power to the common terminal of the motor?
a. compressor c. over load protector
b. lamp switch d. relay

12. What is the switch that opens the electrical circuit as soon as
the cool inside the refrigerator has gone down to the rated
temperature?
a. push button switch c. toggle switch
b. relay switch d. thermostat

13. What is the frequency of AC in the Philippines?

a. 50 cps c. 160 cps
b. 60 cps d. 120 cps

14. Which switch is normally at a position when it is pushed?

a. lamp switch c. starting switch
b. relay switch d. toggle switch

LET US APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

You will be given ten tools/instruments. You should be able

to identify and enumerate them.

16
Rubrics

If you can identify the tools/instruments and its uses, you shall
be given a corresponding score according to the following criteria.

No. of
Tools/Instrument Score
s Accuracy
(100%)
8- 10 5
6 -7 4
4- 5 3
2 -3 2
1 1

RESOURCES:

Basic Hand Tools

- Instruction manual

REFERENCE:

• Garupa - Mangiliman, How to Repair Refs and Freezers,

1996.

17
LESSON 2

TEST POWER SUPPLY AND ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS

WHAT IS THIS LESSON ABOUT?

The lesson deals with the testing of power supplies as well

as the testing procedure for components related to the operation
of a domestic refrigeration unit in accordance with manufacturer's
specification sheet.

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. test instruments in accordance with the Philippine Electrical
Code;
2. and electrical check power supply components in accordance
with manufacturer’s specification sheet;
3. Identify and record defects of power supply and electrical
components; and
4. observe safe working habits.

LET US STUDY

18
PEC. Philippine Electrical Code. The code that
governs specification of any material, equipment,
instruments and circuits in relation to electricity

19
 Power Supply. In refrigeration, it refers to the entry
point of the line voltage before it enters the refrigeration
unit.

Spec Sheet. Data or information regarding the

operation of a certain equipment.

Electrical standard for measuring instruments are

governed by the provisions in the Philippine Electrical
Code or PEC. In the manufacture of test instruments such
as multi testers and the clamp -ammeter, the
manufacturer see to it that they have passed the Product
Safety Test set by the Department of Trade and Industry
(DTI). DTI placed sticker &t the body of every product
submitted to them. which means the product assed the
standard.

Local products are given the sticker with the PS sign

which stands for Product Safety. Imported products are given the
sticker with International Certification Code (ICC) sign.

Local Product

Imported Product

PRODUCT SAFETY SIGN

The sections of the refrigerator system are purposely
designed in sequence. Observe the block diagram of the
sections and visualize what this is all about

ELECTRICA MECHANICA CABINET

POWER L SECTION L SECTION HARDWAR
E

20
The Power Section

MAIN FUSE SECTION OTHER REFERENC

FUSE AC E AC
BOX BOX OUTLETS OUTLET

PRODUCT SAFETY SIGN

The sections of the refrigerator system are purposely
designed in sequence. Observe the block diagram of the
sections and visualize what this is all about

ELECTRICA MECHANICA CABINET

POWER L SECTION L SECTION HARDWAR
E

The Power Section

MAIN FUSE SECTION OTHER REFERENC

FUSE AC E AC
BOX BOX OUTLETS OUTLET

21
 The power comes from the Electric Power Company pole line
that provides a cable drop to the main home fuse box. The
voltage is distributed throughout the home concrete walls
through a network of electrical wire and a number of AC wall
outlets and junction boxes. From this set up comes a single AC
outlet where the refrigerator is located.

Those parts in the block diagram plus the other electrical

components are checked in accordance with the manufacturer's
specification sheet. Sheets should be compared and analyzed
according to the following aspects:

Voltage rating
Current rating
Maximum temperature capacity
Installation instruction (if there's any)
The brand name
Electrical Frequency

The data will give us approximately what type of

electrical data

It is advisable to identify and record whatever defects in the power

supply and electrical components that as a reference in future
troubleshooting.

Recording the defects of power supply and electrical components

is easy but identifying those defects will require knowledge and skills to
come up with a decision whether it is defective or not

Fuses in the box can be tested using an AC voltmeter and so with

the outlets and wires. A supplemental continuity test should be
performed to confirm the result of the voltage measurements thus;
power flowing into the circuit must be cut off.

Take a look again at the block diagram of the Refrigeration System.

ELECTRICA MECHANIC CABINET

POWER L SECTION AL HARDWA
SECTION RE

Half of the operation of the whole system is electrical in nature and

is handling a voltage of 220 V AC is dangerous for a beginner or a
student, who doesn’t prior knowledge of safe working habit must be
inculcated in the heart of the students.

22
A safe working habit starts as soon as one enters the shop room and
must observe the following:

1. Wear a rubber shoes.

2. Treat all wires as live wires.
3. Wear working clothes.
4. Refer to your teacher for guidelines.
5. Be ready to give first aid to victims in case of emergency.

LET US REMEMBER

Refrigeration unit's operation is 50% electrical and the

hazard of working with electricity is very evident. The materials
and electrical instruments must be based on standard
specification.

HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?

23
Formative Test:

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter of

the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What do you call the set of information regarding the

characteristics
of equipment?
a. information sheet c. operation sheet
b. job sheet d. spec sheet

2 Which is the last part of the Power Supply Section of the

Refrigeration unit?
a. main fuse box c. ref ac outlet
b. other AC outlets d. section fuse box

3. What item in the list does not belong to the group?

a. always wear rubber sole shoes when working with electricity.
b. always treat all wires as live wires.
c. never attempt to operate machines without teacher's consent.
d. place the range of the meter at the proper setting.

4. The defects of electrical components of a refrigerator unit

can be detected by the use of this instrument.
a. ammeter c. potentiometer
b. ohmmeter d. wattmeter

5. What is the frequency of AC in the Philippines?

a. 50 cycle c. 150 cycle
b. 60 cycle d. 120 cycle

LET US APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED?

Secure five (5) specification sheets from electrical

components and interpret the specifications. Be able to compare
data with specification sheets of the same product from other
manufacturer’s specification.

24
RUBRICS:

25
 Criteria Score
• Interpret 5 spec sheets with at least 2
comparison_____________________________________________
Interpret 4 spec sheets with a t least 2
comparison____________________________________________
Interpret 2 spec sheets with at least I
comparison____________________________________________
Interpret 3 spec sheets with at least I
comparison____________________________________________
Interpret 2 spec sheets with at least

26
RESOURCES:

Specification sheets

REFERENCES:

• Garupa - Mangilinan, How to Repair REFS and Freezer,

1996.
• Joy Job Cabangon, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning,
1996.

Key to correction
(Formative Test)

1. d
2. c
3. d
4. b
5. b

27
LESSON 3

PERFORMING BASIC ELECTRICAL REPAIR AND INSTALLATION

WHAT IS THE LESSON ABOUT?

The lessons are about installation of electrical circuits,

troubleshooting and repair that focus on correcting loose
connection as well as defective electrical components with safety
precautions and observation of occupational health and safety
regulations.

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. follow work instructions to ensure safety in workplace;

2. tighten loose connections in accordance with PEC;
3. test and replace defective electrical components in
accordance with PEC accordance with PEC; and
4. clean and clear workplace following the condition
occupational health and safety regulation

LET US STUDY

28
Loose connection - condition in electrical circuit where
joint looses contact with the main flow of current

Occupational Health and Safety Regulation - set of

rules that safeguards the physical well-being of an
individual while performing a job
What is an Electrical Circuit

A source of current wired to a load constitutes an electrical

circuit. The current must be able to flow from line 1 of the source,
to the load and back to the source through line 2. The load is the
purpose for which current is harnessed to a length of wire.

LAMP

SWITCH

The lamp in the circuit is the load. In any circuit, loads are
represented by the symbol of resistance ( ~~\AAA/~~~)- Thus, the
resistance symbol can mean a light, a stove, an electric motor, a
heater or anything which serves as load to conduct or consume

30
current.

The switch closes or opens the circuit depending upon the

intention of the user. As a result, the lamp is either switched off.

31
 .
An open circuit happens, when there is a break in the
circuit. It may happen when a wire or a joint of wires loosen
because of certain reasons. If this happens, the flow of current
will stop and the load will no longer function,

Circuit with loose connection

Loose connection is a defect in an electrical circuit that will

paralyze the entire operation of the circuit. The condition of an
open circuit can be detected by both AC voltmeter and ohmmeter
in different method.

Consider the different test points in the diagram below.

32
 Instruments TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5 TP6 Remarks
AC Volt meter Line 1, line 2 ok
up to switch and
1 terminal of
lamp.
Line from the
switch up to the
other terminal of
the lamp is open.
Ohmmeter Resistance is
infinite
Resistance is
zero
Resistance is
infinite

Table 1

If the situation in testing the circuit as manifested in Table

1 holds true, the line between TP3 and TP4 is open. Open circuits
often happen in joint or connection because of its vulnerability to
climate change and other factors.

To remedy the situation, make adjustment on the joint of

wires indicated. Hold the lower end of the joint using a pliers while
twisting the rest of the joint in a clockwise direction. It would be
advisable to apply solder to the joint to make it permanent and tape it
using an electrical tape.

Circuit malfunction is not only caused by a loose connection.

Sometimes it is the electrical components that are in question such
as the plug, switch, fuse and even the load. Those components can
be easily tested using an ohmmeter continuity and resistance check
respectively.

When defective component has been isolated it is then

replaced by a new one with the same specification.

After the electrical repair and reinstallation, the workplace

should be cleaned and cleared of debris. Restoring the workplace to
its original clean and orderly state is a must.

33
LET US REMEMBER

Electric repairs and installation simply mean restoring the

function of the circuit to its intended function in a scientific
manner.

34
HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?

Formative Test

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter

of the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. What constitutes a source of current wire to a load?

a. bias circuit c. open circuit
b. electric circuit d. short circuit

2. What component usually represents the load in the electrical

circuit?
a. capacitor c. resistor
b. inductor d. transistor

3. Whenever a break happens in a circuit, what condition is

created?
a. bias circuit c. open circuit
b. electric circuit d. short circuit

4. What term is the same as open circuit?

a. loose connection c. series connection
b. parallel connection d, wye connection

5. What is the instrument used in testing the continuity factor?

a. ammeter c. voltmeter
b. ohmmeter d. wattmeter

LET US APPLY WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED

35
Given the following tools and materials
Simple circuit trainer
Multi-Tester
Basic hand tools
Instruction .manual

You have to locate the defect of the circuit and repair it.

36
RUBRICS

Criteria
• Locate the defect and
restore the function 5
ability of the circuit
• Locate the defect and
restore the function 4
ability of the circuit in 20
• minutes
Locate the defect and
restore the function 3
ability of the circuit in 25
• minutes
Locate the defect and
restore the function 2
ability of the circuit in 30
• minutes
Locate the defect and
restore the function 1
ability of the circuit in 40
minutes

RESOURCES

Basic Hand Tools

Multi-Tester Basic
Circuit Trainer
Instruction
manual

REFERENCES

• Garupa - Mangiliman, How to Repair REFS and

Freezers, 1996.
• Joy Job Cabangon, Refrigeration and Aur conditioning,
1994.

37
KEY TO CORRECTION

Formative Test:

1. b
2. c
3. c
4. a
5. b

38
POST TEST

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter of

the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following instruments is used to measure the

AC current of a loaded or unloaded compressor?
a. Clamp meter c. Multi-Tester
b. Milliammeter d. Voltmeter

2. In Refrigeration and Air conditioning, what instrument is used to

measure AGV voltage and resistance?
a. ammeter c. multi-Tester
b megohmeter d. watt Meter

3. What is the part of the ohmmeter that adjusts the pointer to

exact zero-ohm position?
a. the test probes c. range Selector
b. The scale d. zero-Ohm Adjustment

4. What is the sensitivity of the regular TR 360 Multi-Tester?

a. 10 k Q/volt c. 20 k O/volt
b. 15k Q/volt d. 30k Q/volt

5. What hand tool is used to loosen or tighten screws?

a. file c. screw driver
b. hammer d. wrench

6. Which of the following hand tools is used to hold wires?

a. diagonal cutter c. Screw Driver
b. long Nose Pliers d. Soldering iron

7. What is the name of the Refrigeration tool that is used to cut

tubes made up of light materials aluminum or copper?
a. aluminum cutter c. diagonal cutter
b. metal cutter d. tube cutter

8. What is the most dangerous electrical circuit

a. grounded circuit c. normal circuit

b. open circuit d. short circuit

9. What is the process of enlarging the tube end?

a. boring c. reamering
b. filing d. swaging

39
10. What is the opposition to the flow of current?
a. electromotive force c. inductive Reactance
b. inductance d. resistance

11. What is the device that is connected in series from the line 1 of
the power to the common terminal of the motor?
a. compressor c. over load protector
b. amp switch d. relay

12. What is the switch that opens the electrical circuit as soon as the
cool inside the refrigerator has gone down to the rated
temperature?
a. push button switch c. toggle switch
b. relay switch d. thermostat

13. What is the frequency of AC in the Philippines?

a. 50 cps c. 160 cps
b. 60 cps d. 120 cps

14. Which switch is normally at a position when it is pushed?

a. lamp switch c. starting switch
b. relay switch d. toggle switch

40
 Pretest/Posttest
Answer Key

1. A 10. D
2. C 11. C
3. D 12. D.
4. C 13. D.
5. C 14. B
6. B 15. A
7. D
8. C
9. D

41