Dep.
Of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology
Faculty of veterinary Medicine
University of Sadat City
Surgical instruments
The surgical instruments are arranged in packs as;
General surgical packs,
Orthopedic surgical packs,
Emergency surgical packs
and Neurological surgical packs.
General packs: which, contain general set and it include:
I-The scalpels
The scalpel formed from the scalpel handle (different sizes are
available size 3 and 4) and scalpel blade (different sizes are
available 10, 11, 12, 15 for delicate tissues and 20----24 used for
tough tissue).
The scalpel handle and the blade may be found fixed (abscess
lancet) or separated.
The scalpel used for sharp dividing and dissection of the tissues.
II- Suture needles
Use : for wound apposition by placing of the suture materials in the wound
lips.
Classification:
1. According to the shape of the body to:
2-According to the cut end:
A- Tapered or Round needle : such type is less traumatic and used for suturing
of internal organs, peritoneum and muscles and subcutaneous tissue where
air and liquid tight are required.
B- Cut needle and inverse cut (sharp needle): such type is stronger and sharper
than the previous type and used for suturing of tough tissue as skin.
In cross section the body of the needle is triangular in shape.
3- According to needle eye.
A- Single eye needle. Which have only one open that may be round or square
B- Double eye needle (French needle)
C- A traumatic needle (swaged needle). In such form the needle is directly attached
to the suture material lo minimize the trauma as possible.
D-Deschamp needle: which used for ligature of deep bleeding blood vessel.
III- Needle holder
It used for maximal fixation of the needle during suturing as well as supply
instrument tie. The jaw of the needle holder marked by it contains one central groove and
other transverse and oblique grooves for maximal fixation of the needle during suturing.
Mayo needle holder Mathieu needle holder Olsen -Hegar needle holder
IV- Forceps
1-Tissue forceps
It used to hold and fix the tissue during suturing for minimum trauma.
The tissue forceps formed from a blade and jaws.
Tissue forceps have many types it may be ordinary straight or curved may
toothed or non- toothed tissue forceps.
Toothed tissue forceps Smooth tissue forceps
Curved tissue forceps
2-Artery (hemostatic) forceps
Such forceps used to hold the bleeding blood vessel and arresting of
hemorrhage through crushing of the wall of the blood vessel and initiate clot
formation.
It marked by it has two jaws which may be partially or fully threaded by
transvers grooves. The jaws may be straight or curved and there is varying sizes
of the artery forceps are available.
3-Alli’s tissue forceps
It marked by presence of long toothed jaws which allow holding of tough
tissues during surgery as well as used to grasping of tumors.
4-Tumor forceps
It is a modified Alli’s forceps with large jaws and longer teeth used during
resection of large tumors for holding it.
5-Thoracic forceps (soft tissue forceps)
It is a modified tissue forceps it was modified in order to minimize trauma
as possible it used to hold very delicate tissue
6-Intestinal forceps
It is a modified tissue forceps used to hold intestine during intestinal
resection and anastomosis.
It marked by long jaws with longitudinal grooves. It may be straight or
curved.
Intestinal forceps during intestinal resection and anastomosis
7-Towel forceps
It used to hold and fix the surgical towel with each other and
with the animal body during the operation.
V- The scissors
The scissors are surgical instruments used for both sharp and blunt
dissection of the tissues.
Types:
1- Ordinary scissor: it found in different forms as may be
straight or curved and according to is end it may be sharp-
sharp or sharp-blunt or blunt- blunt.
Ordinary scissor; a- straight (blunt- blunt), b- curved (blunt- blunt), c- straight(sharp-
blunt), d- straight (sharp-sharp)
2-Bandage removing scissor: used for removal of the
bandage.
3-Stitch removing scissor: used for removing of the
stitches.
VI- Wound director (Groove director)
Wound director or groove director used during incision for protecting of the
under laying structure also for control the depth and the direction of the
incision.
For example used in case of cesarean section to protect the fetus during
incision and to control in the direction and the depth of the incision, also in case
of rumenotomy used during incision of the peritoneal layer to prevent opening of
the rumen with the peritoneum to prevent contamination of the surgical failed.
VII -Wound dilator (Retractor)
It is used for separation of the wound lips away from each other and
holding them a part in order to increase of the visualization of the surgical
field beneath. It may be hand held wound dilator (required an assistant to
hold it during the operation) and self-retaining wound dilator.
Self-retaining wound dilator Hand-held wound dilator
VIII- Curettes
used for curetting and freshening of the surgical wound lips for
removal of all necrotic cells and debris also it is used for curetting of the
abscess for removal of the pus and the pyogenic membrane.
-The curette may be single side curette or double side curette.
Double side curette Single side curette
Orthopedic set