Clause Kv‡K e‡j? Clause KZ cÖKvi I wK wK?
Clause n‡”Q K‡qKwU k‡ãi mgwó hv‡Z GKwU
subject Ges finite verb Aek¨B _v‡K| Clause
Qvov †Kvb evK¨ •Zix Kiv hvq bv| cÖwZwU ev‡K¨B GK ev
GKvwaK clause _v‡K|
Example:
✪ He is poor. (One sentence, one clause)
✪ He is poor, but is intelligent as well as
honest. (One sentence, two clauses)
Dc‡ii D`vniY¸‡jv‡Z j¶¨ Kiæb, cÖwZwU ev‡K¨ GK
¸”Q kã GKwU subject Ges finite verb i‡q‡Q|
Clause †K Avgiv cÖavbZt 2 fv‡M fvM Ki‡Z cvwi|
✪ Independent or Principal Clause
✪ Dependent or Subordinate Clause
Independent or Principal Clause:
‡h Clause Ab¨ †Kv‡bv clause- Gi mvnvh¨ QvovB
wb‡Ri A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zv‡K independent
Clause ev Principal Clause e‡j| GwU A_©
cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ Ab¨ †Kvb clause Gi Dci wbf©ikxj
bq|
D`vniYt
Rana has a girlfriend who is very cute.
e¨vL¨vt Dc‡ii evK¨wU‡Z “Rana has a girlfriend ”
GKwU Principal Clause KviY, GwU‡K evK¨ †_‡K
Avjv`v K‡i wjL‡jI wb‡R wb‡R m¤ú~Y© A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z
cv‡i|
Dependent or Subordinate Clause:
‡h Clause Ab¨ †Kv‡bv clause- Gi mvnvh¨ Qvov
wb‡Ri A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, Zv‡K dependent
Clause e‡j|
D`vniYt
She went to school after having breakfast.
e¨vL¨vt Dc‡ii evK¨wU‡Z “after having
breakfast.” GKwU dependent Clause ev Sub-
ordinate Clause KviY, GwU‡K evK¨ †_‡K Avjv`v
K‡i wjL‡j Principal Clause (She went to
school) Qvov wb‡R wb‡R m¤ú~Y© A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i
bv| Ab¨w`‡K She went to school GKvB †Kvb
Clause Gi mvnvh¨ QvovB m¤ú~Y© A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z
cv‡i|
Subordinate clause wZb cÖKvi|
Noun Clause
Adjective Clause
Adverb Clause
Noun Clause:
Noun Gi cwRk‡b †h Clause e‡m †mwU Noun
Clause| mnR fvlvq †h Clause noun Gi KvR
K‡i †mUvB noun clause|
Subject wnmv‡e
Verb Gi c~‡e© subject wnmv‡e........
‡hgbt What Rana explained astonished
his neighbors.
(What Rana explained G AskUzKz Verb Gi
c~‡e© e‡m‡Q ZvB GwU Noun clause)
Verb Gi c‡i object wnmv‡e
‡hgbt He didn’t know why the computer
wasn’t working.
(Why the computer wasn’t working G
AskUzKz Verb Gi c‡i e‡m‡Q ZvB GwU Noun
clause)
Preposition Gi object wnmv‡e
Jube is not responsible for where Rina
attempted to go.
(For Gi c‡i object wnmv‡e where Rina
attempted to go এটি Noun clause)
Adjective Clause
hLb Noun ev pronoun Gi c‡i †Kvb Clause
e‡m †m Noun ev pronoun m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³
Z_¨ †`q ev noun ev pronoun †K modify K‡i
ZLb Zv‡K Adjective Clause e‡j|
Adjective clauses mvaviYZt relative
pronouns (who, whom, whose, that, which)
w`‡q ïiæ nq|
Example:
Sima who lives in Khulna is my friend.
(wmgv †h Lyjbvq evm K‡i †m Avgvi eÜz)
GLv‡b Sima GKwU Noun Ges who lives in
Khulna G AskUzKz Adjective Clause hv Sima
m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Z_¨ w`‡”Q ev modify Ki‡Q|
Av‡iv D`vniYt
I love the people who respect their
parents. (Modifies noun: people)
The book that is on the table belongs to
Nazrul Islam. (Modifies noun: book)
Students who are talent achieve good
result. (Modifies noun: Students)
Adverb Clause:
‡h clause Adverb Gi KvR K‡i, A_©vr GKwU
verb, ev GKwU adjective-clause ev Ab¨ GKwU
adverb clause- ‡K modify K‡i Zv‡K Adverb
Clause e‡j|
mvaviYZt Adverbial Clause G wb¤œwjwLZ
conjunction _vK‡e
If, that, who, which, when, after, before,
while, whether, since, as, because, as long
as, as much as, though, although, till,
until, unless, before, after, so that,
whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever
etc.
Example:
The patient had died before the doctor
came.
Call me when you need help.
You will work hard so that you can success
in life.
Whether you like it or not, you have to go
to school.