BRM :-
(Module : 7) [ introductory concept of univaiate, bi-viariate & Multi-variate techniques]
Univariate Analysis :-
Univariate analysis is the simplest form of data analysis where the data being analyzed contains only one
variable. Since it's a single variable it doesn’t deal with causes or relationships. The main purpose of univariate
analysis is to describe the data and find patterns that exist within it.
You can think of the variable as a category that your data falls into. One example of a variable in univariate
analysis might be "age". Another might be "height". Univariate analysis would not look at these two variables at
the same time, nor would it look at the relationship between them.
Some ways you can describe patterns found in univariate data include looking at mean, mode, median, range,
variance, maximum, minimum, quartiles, and standard deviation. Additionally, some ways you may display
univariate data include frequency distribution tables, bar charts, histograms, frequency polygons, and pie charts.
Bivariate Analysis :-
Bivariate analysis is used to find out if there is a relationship between two different variables. Something as
simple as creating a scatterplot by plotting one variable against another on a Cartesian plane (think X and Y axis)
can sometimes give you a picture of what the data is trying to tell you. If the data seems to fit a line or curve then
there is a relationship or correlation between the two variables. For example, one might choose to plot caloric
intake versus weight.
Multivariate Analysis :-
Multivariate analysis is the analysis of three or more variables. There are many ways to perform multivariate
analysis depending on your goals. Some of these methods include:
Additive Tree
Canonical Correlation Analysis
Cluster Analysis
Correspondence Analysis / Multiple Correspondence Analysis
Factor Analysis
Generalized Procrustean Analysis
MANOVA
Multidimensional Scaling
Multiple Regression Analysis
Partial Least Square Regression
Principal Component Analysis / Regression / PARAFAC
Redundancy Analysis.
Summary h ye 3 ka Boss :-
Univariate analysis looks at one variable, Bivariate analysis looks at two variables and their
relationship. Multivariate analysis looks at more than two variables and their relationship. Aside
from the techniques mentioned above, there are numerous softwares and packages that help us
data analysts and data scientists uncover the story of the data. Understanding which analysis to
use and when helps us navigate through the data.
Difference b/w Univariate and Bi-variate data :-
Univariate data:
1) Involves a single variable
2) Does not deal with causes or relationships.
3) Major purpose is to describe.
4) Sample question: How many students in the class are males?
Bi-variate data:
1) Involves two variables.
2) Deals with causes and relationships.
3) Major purpose is to explain
4) Sample question: Is there a relationship between the number of boys in computer programming and their and
scores in mathematics?
Basic Difference between Univariate & Multivariate analysis :-
Univariate analysis is the analysis of one variable.
Multivariate analysis is the analysis of more than one variable.
There are various ways to perform each type of analysis depending on your end goal.
In the real world, we often perform both types of analysis on a single dataset.
Univariate analysis allows us to understand the distribution of values for one variable while
multivariate analysis allows us to understand the relationship between several variables.