‫‪Physics2- Problem set 4‬‬

‫‪Deadline: 1 Khordad / 23:59‬‬

‫‪ Thoroughly conscious ignorance is the prelude to every real advance in science‬‬
‫"‪"James Clerk Maxwell‬‬

‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪٔ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﮐﺮﻭی ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﮐﺮﻩﺍی ﺑﺎ ﺷﻌﺎﻉ‬ ‫‪ (١‬ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ ،‬ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬ﻓﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻳﮏ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍی ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍی ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﮐﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﮐﺮﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﯽﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻴﺪ ﮐﻪ ‪0‬‬

‫ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﻁﺒﻖ ﺷﮑﻞ(‪ .‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﯽ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍی ﺷﻌﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ‬ ‫‪ (٢‬ﻳﮏ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺎی ﮐﺮﻭی ﺗﻮﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﮐﺮﻩ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍی ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ‪ /2‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺷﺪﺕ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺴﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻨﯽ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍی ﻧﻮﺍﺣﯽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪:‬‬

‫ﺏ(‬

‫پ(‬

‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﺕ(‬

‫‪ (٣‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﻗﺭﺍﺭﮔﺭﻓﺗﻪ ﺭﻭی ﻣﻳﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﮑﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺍی ﻳﮏ ﺗﻭﺯﻳﻊ ﺧﻁﯽ ﻏﻳﺭﻳﮏ ﻧﻭﺍﺧﺕ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺕ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻁﻭﺭی ﮐﻪ ‪ λ=ax‬ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺩ‪ .‬ﭘﺗﺎﻧﺳﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﮑﺗﺭﻳﮑﯽ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺕﻫﺎی ﺯﻳﺭ ﺗﻌﻳﻳﻥ ﮐﻧﻳﺩ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺏ( ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ‬

 ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ (۴‬ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪﺍی ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ٔﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﮔﻮﺷﻪٔ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻁﻮﻝ ﺿﻠﻊ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻒ( ﺍﻧﺮژی ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﮑﯽ ﮐﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﭼﻘﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫(‪ ،‬ﭼﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻧﺮژی ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ∞‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ )ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺽ ‪0‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﻳﮏ ﺑﺎﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ ٔﻩ‬

‫پ( ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ؟‬

‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻧﺮژی ﺟﻨﺒﺸﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﭼﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺁﻳﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ؟‬ ‫ﺕ( ﺍﮔﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ‬

‫*** ﺳﻭﺍﻝ ﺍﻣﺗﻳﺎﺯی ***‬

‫‪ (۵‬ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﯽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﻴﺮی ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻝ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺍی‬
‫ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﯽ ⃗ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭی ﺩﻭ ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﯽ ⃗ ﻭ ⃗ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﮑﻞ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺍﺗﻢ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺗﻢ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ً ‪ 0.96 " 10# m‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺧﻄﻮﻁﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺍﺗﻢ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺍﺗﻢ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭژﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻭﻳﻪﺍی ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ ١٠۴‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻣﯽﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﯽ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻝ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮی ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪p=6.1×10−30 C.m.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻑ( ﺑﺎﺭ ﻣﺅﺛﺭ ‪ $‬ﺭﻭی ﻫﺭ ﺍﺗﻡ ﻫﻳﺩﺭﻭژﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻳﻳﻥ ﮐﻧﻳﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺏ( ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﻳﮏ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﯽﻫﺎ‪ ⃗ ،‬ﻭ ⃗ ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪﻫﺎی ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﮐﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪cos +‬‬

‫‪,‬‬
‫'&‪4‬‬

‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﮐﻞ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪).‬ﺷﺮﻁ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫⃗ ‪،‬ﻭ‬ ‫⃗‬ ‫ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﯽ ﻣﻤﺎﻥ ﺩﻭﻗﻄﺒﯽ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺍﺳﺖ ⃗‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ‪0‬‬ ‫∞‬

‫‪*In case of any doubts contact us via Bale: @Arian_RG‬‬