Adama Science and Technology University
College of Applied Natural Science
Department of Applied Mathematics
Applied Mathematics II(Math1102)
Work sheet III on Chapter 3
1. Determine whether each of the following pairs of functions f and g are orthogonal on the
indicated interval.
(a) f (x) = 1, g(x) = x on [−1, 1].
(b) f (x) = sin x, g(x) = cos x on [0, π].
(c) f (x) = x, g(x) = x2 on [−1, 1].
(d) f (x) = e−x , g(x) = e−2x on [0, ∞) .
(e) f (x) = sin(2x), g(x) = cos(2x) on [−π, π].
nπx
(f) f (x) = 1, g(x) = cos L
on [0, L] for a fixed positive integer n.
(g) f (x) = x, g(x) = x3 on [−1, 1].
(h) f (x) = x, g(x) = 12 (3x2 − 1) on [−1, 1].
(i) f (x) = ln x, g(x) = 1 on [1, e].
(j) f (x) = 1, g(x) = sin x on [0, 2π].
2. Consider the functions f (x) = sin(mx) and g(x) = cos(nx) with m, n ∈ N.
Rπ
(a) Show that −π sin(mx) cos(nx) dx = 0 for all m, n.
(b) For what values of m and n are sin(mx) and sin(nx) orthogonal on [−π, π]?
(c) Repeat part (b) for cos(mx) and cos(nx).
3. Without computing the Fourier coefficients of f , indicate to what values the series should
converge at the points of discontinuities.
x2 , 1≤x≤3
f (x) = 0, −2 ≤ x ≤ 1
2x, −3 ≤ x ≤ −2
4. Find the Fourier series of each of the following periodic functions.
(a) f (x) = cos2 x
π
(b) f (x) = sin x − 6
(c) f (x) = sin x cos 2x
5. Find the Fourier series of the following functions.
(a) f (x) = cos x on [−π, π]
(b) f (x) = x2 on [−3, 3]
−2 − x, −2 ≤ x ≤ −1
(c) f (x) = x, −1 ≤ x ≤ 1
2 − x, 1≤x≤2
(d) f (x) = ex on [−π, π]
(e) f (x) = | cos x|, − π2 < x < π
2
(f) f (x) = sin2 x
(g) f (x) = 1 − sin x + 3 cos 3x
(h) f (x) = e−cx (c 6= 0) for |x| < 1
6. For each of the following functions f (x) defined on the interval [0, L], determine both the
half-range Fourier sine series and the half-range Fourier cosine series.
1,
0 < x < L/2
(a) f (x) =
0,
L/2 < x < L
(b) f (x) = |x − L/2| for 0 < x < L
(c) f (x) = √1 for 0 < x < L
x
(d) f (x) = e−x sin x for 0 < x < L
(e) f (x) = sinh x for 0 < x < L
x,
0 < x < L/2
(f) f (x) =
L − x,
L/2 < x < L
2πx
(g) f (x) = cos L
for 0 < x < L (examine special cases for n)
(h) f (x) = ln(1 + x) for 0 < x < L
2
(i) f (x) = e−x for 0 < x < L
1
(j) f (x) = 1+x2
for 0 < x < L
7. Show that for 0 ≤ x ≤ π,
π2 cos 2x cos 4x cos 6x
x(π − x) = − + + + ···
6 12 22 32
2
∞ n
nx
X
8. The series (−1) converges to a function f (x) whose formula on the interval −π <
n=1 n2
x < π is f (x) = Ax2 + Bx + C. Determine A, B, and C.
9. Find the Fourier integral representation of
k,
−1 ≤ x ≤ 1
(a) f (x) =
0,
otherwise
x,
−1 ≤ x ≤ 1
(b) f (x) =
0,
otherwise
cos x,
−π < x < π
(c) f (x) =
0, |x| > π
1
(d) f (x) = 1+x2
x, 0≤x≤1
(e) f (x) = 2 − x, 1 < x < 2
0,
x>2
x2 ,
0≤x≤1
(f) f (x) =
0, x>1
10. Using Fourier integral representation, show that
Z ∞
w sin wx π
(a) 2 2
dw = e−ax , x > 0, a > 0
0 a +w 2
0, x<0
Z ∞
cos wx + w sin wx
π
(b) 2
dw = , x=0
0 1+w
2
πe−x ,
x>0
11. Expand a 2π-periodic function f (x) = ax2 + bx + c for 0 < x < 2π in Fourier series, where
a, b, c are constants.
12. If the Fourier integral representation of f (x) is
1Z∞
f (x) = A(w) cos wx dw,
π 0
then find the Fourier integral representation of f (ax), a > 0.