Solution Science Sample Paper 2

Total Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 80

1. (b) 2NaOH + Zn → Na2 ZnO2 + H2 1

2. (b) Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 → CaSO4 + 2H2O 1
3. The name of the salt used to remove the permanent hardness of water is: 1
(a) sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) (b) sodium chloride (NaCl)
(c) sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3.10H2O) (d) calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CaSO4.1/2H2O)
4. (b) II and III 1
5. (b) A-ii B-iii C-iv D-i 1
6. (d) any of (i), (ii) and (iii 1
7. (a) chlorofluorocarbon compounds 1
8. (a) Urine will not be formed. 1
9. (b) calcium 1
10. (c) Insufficient growth of the body 1
11. (b) Unidirectional and cyclic 1
12. (a) Some plants can regenerate. 1
13. (a) The current changes direction 60 times per second. 1
14. (d) In all: (i), (ii) and (iii) 1
15. (c) (ii) and (iv) 1
16. (b) Tyndall effect 1
Question No. 17 to 20 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions by
selecting the appropriate option given below:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true
17. (C) A is true but R is false. 1
18. (C) A is true but R is false. 1
19. (D) A is false but R is true 1
20. (B) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A. 1
Section – B
Question No. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions
21. The reactions in which oxidation (loss of electrons) and reduction (gain of electrons) take place 2
simultaneously are called redox reactions.
2Mg(s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO(s)
Magnesium is getting oxidised because it is losing electrons to form Mg2+, and oxygen is gaining
electrons to form O2–; therefore, it is getting reduced.
22. Auxins are synthesised in the growing regions at the tip of the shoot and root in a plant. 2
(a) Positive phototropism – Shoot
(b) Negative geotropism – Shoot
(c) Positive hydrotropism – Root
(d) Photoperiodism – No auxin produced

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23. (A) Bile juice plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats. Here’s how: 2
1. Emulsification: Bile salts in the bile juice act like detergents, breaking down large fat globules into
smaller droplets. This process is called emulsification.
2. Increased surface area: By breaking down fat globules, bile juice significantly increases their surface
area. This makes it easier for enzymes like lipase (from the pancreas) to act on the fats and digest them.
3. Micelle formation: Bile salts form structures called micelles, which are tiny spheres with hydrophobic
(water-repelling) interiors and hydrophilic (water-attracting) exteriors. The digested fats are
incorporated into these micelles.
4. Absorption: The micelles can easily pass through the intestinal wall, allowing the digested fats to be
absorbed into the bloodstream.
OR
(B) Hormonal birth control: This includes birth control pills, the patch, the vaginal ring and the shot.
These methods work by delivering hormones (either estrogen and progestin or progestin alone) that
prevent ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovary) and thicken cervical mucus, making it difficult
for sperm to reach the egg.
Intrauterine device (IUD): An IUD is a small, T-shaped device inserted into the uterus by a healthcare
provider. There are two main types of IUDs: hormonal IUDs that release progestin and copper IUDs.
Hormonal IUDs work similarly to hormonal birth control by thickening cervical mucus and preventing
ovulation. Copper IUDs work by disrupting sperm function and preventing implantation of a fertilised
egg.
24. In this case, we are given that light travels from water (medium A) to air (medium B). We know that the 2
speed of light is generally slower in denser mediums like water than to air.
Therefore:
• vA (speed of light in water) < vB (speed of light in air).
Since the refractive index is the ratio of speeds, and the speed of light in medium A is slower than in
medium B:
• nBA will be greater than 1.
25. (A) Resultant resistance of R1, R2 and R3 (As they are in series): 2
R’ = R1 + R2 + R3 = 10 + 10 + 10 = 30Ω
Resultant resistance of the circuit (As R’||R4)
1 1 1
= +
R R′ R4
1 1 1+3 4
= 30 + 10 = 30
= 30
30
R= 4
= 7.5 Ω
V = 3 volts
Apply Ohm’s Law V = IR
V 30
I = = 75 = 0.4 V
R
OR
(B) Piyal observes that magnetic field lines diverge as she moves away from the centre of a current-
carrying circular loop. It is because the magnetic field strength decreases as the distance increases.
1. Direction of the magnetic field: The tangent to a magnetic field line at any point indicates the
direction of the magnetic field at that specific point. Imagine a tiny compass needle placed on the
field line. The needle will align itself along the tangent, showing the direction of the magnetic field.
2. Strength of the magnetic field: The closeness of the magnetic field lines is proportional to the
strength of the magnetic field. Regions with densely packed lines represent stronger magnetic fields,

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 while areas where the lines are spread far apart indicate weaker fields. By visualising the density of
the lines, you can get a sense of the relative strength of the magnetic field in different regions.
26. (i) Harmful effects of using plastic bags: They lead to land/water pollution when disposed of 2
improperly. Burning of plastic would produce toxic gases/air pollution. Plastic bags can block the
drainage system.
(ii) Segregation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes for recycling/segregation of dry and
wet waste for recycling.
Reuse of already used items like glass bottles for storage.
Composting
Section – C
Question No. 27 to 33 are short answer questions
27. (i) 2Cu2S + 3O2 → 2Cu2O + 2SO2 3
(ii) 2Cu2O + Cu2S → 6Cu + SO2
(iii) At anode: Cu → Cu2+ + 2e-
At cathode: Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu
28. (i) Displacement reaction 3
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Pb(s) + CuCl2(aq) → PbCl2(aq) + Cu(s)
(ii) Double displacement reaction
Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
29. (i) A changing electric field creates a magnetic field, and vice versa. This relationship is fundamental to 3
our understanding of electricity, magnetism and light.
(ii) (a) The deflection in the compass needle increases as the magnetic field of the current-carrying
conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it.
(b) The deflection in the needle decreases as the magnetic field is inversely proportional to the
perpendicular distance from the wire.
(c) Magnitude: In physics and mathematics, magnitude refers to the size or quantity of something,
without considering its direction. It can be applied to scalars (quantities with only magnitude) or
the absolute value of vectors (quantities with both magnitude and direction).
(d) Current: Current, often referred to as electric current, is the flow of electric charge through a
conductor. It’s measured in amperes (A) and represents the rate at which electric charge passes a
specific point in a circuit.
30. When a squirrel faces a scary situation, its body triggers the “fight or flight” response, driven by the 3
release of adrenaline. Immediate changes include an increased heart rate to pump more blood, rapid
breathing for oxygen supply, and dilated pupils for better vision. The liver releases glucose for quick
energy, and blood flow is redirected from the digestive system to muscles and the brain. Muscles tense
up for swift action, and the brain becomes more alert. Non-essential functions like digestion are
suppressed to conserve energy for immediate survival, enabling the squirrel to effectively fight or flee.
31. (i) From the given figure, R2||R3, So their equivalent resistance R’ 3
R2 R3 30 × 15
R’ = R = 30 + 15 = 10Ω
2 +R3
Now, R1, R’, and R3 are in series, So their equivalent resistance R,
R = R1 + R’ + R4
= 15 + 10 + 15 = 40 Ω
E 20V
(ii) Circuit current (i) = R = 40Ω = 0.5 A

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 So, the potential drop across R4 = iR4
= 0.5 × 15 = 7.5V
2
Power dissipation across R1 = i R1
= (0.5)2 × 15 = 3.75W
(iii) When R3 is removed, then the net resistance value will increase that result to decrease the value of
current.
32. (i) Puberty: Puberty is a period of rapid physical and psychological changes that occur in adolescents as 3
they transition from childhood to adulthood. It is marked by the onset of sexual maturation, leading
to the ability to reproduce. This process is triggered by hormonal changes that occur in the body.
Puberty typically begins between the ages of 10 and 14 for boys, but this can vary.
Key changes during puberty include:
Physical growth: Increased height and weight gain.
Sexual maturation: Development of reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics.
Hormonal changes: Increased production of sex hormones.
Psychological changes: Mood swings, increased independence and developing a sense of identity.
(ii) Hormone Responsible for Male Secondary Sexual Characteristics
The primary hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males is
testosterone. It is produced by the testes, the male reproductive organs.
Testosterone plays a crucial role in the development of reproductive organs and stimulates the
growth and maturation of the testes, penis scrotum and epididymis.
Secondary sexual characteristics responsible for the development of male physical features such as:
Increased muscle mass and strength
Growth of facial and body hair
Deepening of the voice (due to growth of the larynx)
Incr eased bone density and growth Acne
Libido that influences sex drive and sexual behavior.
Sperm production that is essential for the production of sperm.
(iii)
(a) When planaria is cut into many pieces, each piece regenerates into a complete organism.
(b) Bryophyllum leaves have buds along their leaf margins which when they fall on soil, develop into
new plants by the process of vegetative propagation
33. (A) When electricity is supplied to a purely resistive conductor, the energy of electric current gets 3
dissipated entirely in the form of heat. As a result, the resistor gets heated. The heating of resistor
because of the dissipation of electrical energy is known as the heating effect of electric current.
When an electric current I passes through the conductor, the amount of heat produced in time t is:
H = VIt
V = IR
H = I2Rt
Two appliances based on the heating effect of electric current are electric iron and electric geyser.
OR
(B) (a) Z E.C.
Ca = 20 2 8 8 2
Cl = 17 2 8 7

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 (b) Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in solid state due to the absence of free ions, but they
conduct electricity in molten and aqueous state due to the presence of free ions.
Section – D
Question No. 34 to 36 are long answer questions.
34. (A) 5
(i) B (reason: low pH , high H + ion concentration)
(ii) Decreasing order: C, A, D, B or C > A > D > B
(iii) Due to moisture in the atmosphere it is converted into gypsum
CaSO4 ⋅ 1/2H2 O + 11/2H2 O → CaSO4 ⋅ 2H2 O
(iv) Making toys/dolls or statues/fixing broken limbs/ making decorative materials

OR
(B)
a) (i) Nature of the gas evolved:
The gas evolved in this reaction is acidic in nature.
(ii) Name of the colourless gas:
The colourless gas evolved is hydrogen chloride (HCl).
b) (i) State the colour change observed.
Colourless to Pink.
(ii) If dil HCl is added dropwise to the solution, what will be the colour change?
Pink to colourless.
(iii) On adding few drops of NaOH solution to the above mixture the colour of the solution reappears.
Why?
Adding a few drops of NaOH solution to the colorless mixture will turn the solution pink again
because the solution becomes basic.
35. (A) 1 mark for each point such as: 5
Similarities:
- In both cases, the signal is initiated by receptors located at the specific sense organ.
- In both cases, neurotransmitters are released and accepted by neurons to carry the impulse.
Differences:
- The action of smelling the rose is voluntary whereas pulling the hand away is involuntary in
nature.
- While smelling the rose, the nerve impulse reaches the brain and back whereas on touching a thorn
the nerve impulse travels only to the spinal cord and back.
(B) 0.5 marks each for the following:
- No
- Most involuntary actions do not require a stimulus to occur as is necessarily required in the case of a
reflex action.
OR
(A) Sameer is suffering from diabetes
- Insulin
- Pancreas

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 (B) - Cytokinins
- Abscisic Acid
36. (A) (i) 1 = 1 − 1 5
𝑓 𝑣 𝑢
𝑟
where 𝑢 = −5 cm, 𝑓 = 2 = −20 cm
1 1 1
− = −
20 𝑣 5
1 1 1 −1 + 4 3
=− + = =
𝑣 20 5 20 20
20
𝑣= = 6.67 cm
3
The image is obtained at 6.67 m behind the mirror.
20
ℎ2 𝑣 3 4
(ii) 𝑚 = =− = =
ℎ1 𝑢 5 3

OR
(B)
(i) Carbon compound having the functional group -OH is ethanol.
Molecular formula: C2 H5 OH
(ii) (a) 2C2 H5 OH + 2Na → 2C2 H5 ONa + H2
End product: Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen gas
(b) C2 H5 OH + conc. H2 SO4 → C2 H4 + H2 O
End product: Ethene (ethylene) gas (C2 H4 ) and water (H2 O)
(c) 3C2 H5 OH + K 2 Cr2 O7 + 4H2 SO4 → 3CH3 CHO + Cr2 (SO4 )3 + K 2 SO4 + 7H2 O
End product: Ethanal (acetaldehyde) and chromium(III) sulphate (Cr2 (SO4 )3 )
Section – E
Question No. 37 to 39 are case-based/data -based questions.
37. (i) The father can contribute an X or Y chromosome, while the mother always contributes an X 4
chromosome. The Y chromosome is one-third the size of the X chromosome and contains about 55
genes. while the X chromosome has about 900 genes. X chromosome has a mismatched pair in a normal
human male.
(ii) There is 1 pair of sex chromosomes present in human beings. Females have perfect pair of
chromosomes, i.e., XX, and males have XY chromosome.
(iii) (A) The sex of an individual is not always determined genetically, e.g.,
In some animals, the temperature at which fertilised eggs are kept determines whether the developing
animal in an egg is male or female.
In some animals like snails, an individual can change sex.
OR

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 (B) Sex determination in human beings:

38. (i) The fourth member is butane (C4H10). 4

(ii) –CH2– is the difference in the molecular formula of any two consecutive members of a homologous
series of organic compounds.
(iii) (A) (i) Carboxylic acid group
(ii) Ketone group
OR
(B) Homologous series is a series of organic compounds which have the same functional group and
similar chemical properties. C2H6O(C2H5OH) and CH4O (CH3OH) belong to the same homologous
series.
39. (i) All spaces are connected in parallel. 4
(ii) Let resistance of spaces 5 and 4 be R ohms.
Resistance of space 1 = 2R ohms
Resistance of space 2 = 30 ohms
Resistance of space 3 = 20 ohms
Current =22A
Voltage = 220 V
Total resistance =V/I
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + + =
R1 R 2 R 3 R 4 R 5 R eq
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + + =
2R 30 20 R R R eq
30 + 2R + 3R + 60 + 60 1
=
60R R eq
150 + 5R 1
=
60R R eq
Apply Ohm’ law
V
Rtotal = I
60 R 220
150 + 5R
= 22
60 R
150 + 5 R
= 10
60R = 1500 + 50R
or, R = 150Ω
(iii) (A) Current in space 3, I3 can be given by:
V 220
I3 = R = 20
= 11 A
3

OR

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(B) Electric fuse can be used to protect circuits from sudden surges in electric current.

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