Solution Science Sample Paper 4
Total Time: 3 hours Total Marks: 80
1. (a) (A)-(iii), (B)-(iv), (C)-(i), (D)-(ii)
2. (a) (II), (III), (IV)
3. (c) The correct equation representing the chemical reaction is
BaCl2(aq) + CuSO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + CuCl2(aq)
4. (a) Behind the mirror
5. (c) Dirt accumulates at the center of micelle and gets washed away with it
6. (b) Oestrogen from ovary and testosterone from testes.
7. (b) Oxygen should be in molecular (O2) form
8. (d) All of these
9. (b) 1A
10. (a) Cupric oxide Copper
11. (d) All of these
12. (a) Dispersion takes place at first refracting surface and refraction at second surface
13.
14. (a) Vanilla essence
15. (a) The heating appliances utilize the heating effect of current
16. (b) (II) only
17. (c) A is true but R is false.
18. (c) A is true but R is false.
19. (c) A is true but R is false.
20. (d) A is false but R is true.
21. Calcium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere to form calcium carbonate which
results in milkiness/white ppt / formation of calcium carbonate.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2 O
OR
Fe + HCl ⟶ FeCl2 /FeCl3 + H2
Zn +HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
22. Beating of heart Reflex actions
Involuntary actions are the actions which are not Reflex actions are the sudden action in response
controlled by our will. to something.
They do not need any kind of stimulus to work. They required stimulus for its action.
These actions are regulated by the brain. These actions are regulated by the spinal cord.
They do not involve skeletal muscle. They do involve skeletal muscle.
These actions are performed throughout one's These actions are produced in response to an
life. event of an emergency.
This action may be quick or slow. Reflex actions are always quick.
(Any four)
23. Gall bladder stores bile which helps in emulsification of lipids. In the absence of stored bile, emulsification
of fats will be negligible/ affected/ less and thus, fat digestion will be slow. Hence, there are such diet
restrictions.
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24. Glucose, amino acids, salts and a major amount of water are selectively re-absorbed as the urine flows along
the tube.
The amount of water reabsorbed depends on how much excess water there is in the body. and on how much
of dissolved waste there is to be excreted.
25. Dispersion- The splitting of white light into seven colours (VIBGYOR) on passing through a prism.
Velocity is directly proportional to wavelength at a given constant frequency. So yellow will have greater
wavelength than blue as the velocity of yellow light is greater than blue.
OR
Angle of deflections of the two prisms need to be equal and opposite. While the first prism splits the light in
the seven colours due to different angles of deflection, the second prism combines the spectrum along a
single ray and the colours again combine to give white light as the emergent light.
26. Excess generation of biodegradable wastes can be harmful as - Its decomposition is a slow process leading
to production of foul smell and gases.
It can be the breeding ground for germs that create unhygienic conditions.
27. The values of the current for different values of the voltage are shown in the given table.
I (Amperes) 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
V (Volts) 1.6 3.4 6.7 10.2 13.2
The graph between voltage (plotted on X-axis) and current (plotted on Y-axis) is shown below:
Slope of the graph V vs I = Resistance
𝑉
𝑅 =
𝐼
10.2 − 6.7
=
3−2
3.5
= = 3.5Ohm
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28. (A) She has forgotten to add baking powder while making the dough for the cake. Sodium
hydrogencarbonate present in baking powder releases carbon dioxide on baking. The bubbles of the gas
evolved leave behind pores which make the cake soft and fluffy.
Heat
2NaHCO3 ⟶ Na2 CO3 + CO2 + H2 O
(B) Uses of baking powder:
(1) It is used as an ingredient in antacids. Being alkaline, it neutralises excess acid in the stomach and
provides relief.
(2) It is also used in soda-acid fire extinguisher.
2
OR
The common base which absorbs moisture and becomes sticky and is also a by-product of chloralkali process
is sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
When electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (called brine), it decomposes to
form sodium hydroxide. The process is called the chloralkali process because of the products formed i.e.,
chlor for chlorine and alkali for sodium hydroxide.
Following is the chemical equation for the process:
2NaCl(𝑎𝑞) + 2H2 O(L) → 2NaOH(𝑎𝑞) + Cl2(𝑔) + H2(𝑔)
When NaOH is treated with HCl, NaCl is formed.
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2 O
It is a type of neutralisation reaction.
29. (A) Disease-Diabetes, Hormone: Insulin (deficiency of insulin hormone causes diabetes)
(B) Gland-Pancreas: The blood glucose level is regulated by insulin hormone secreted by the pancreas.
(C) When the blood's level of blood glucose rises, pancreatic cells secrete the hormone insulin. Blood glucose
levels are regulated by insulin, and when levels drop, less insulin is secreted.
30. Atoms of 'A' lose one electron each, so 'A' is a metal having valency 1 and forms a positively charged ion A+ .
' B ' gains two electrons, so ' B ' is a non-metal having valency 2 and forms negatively charged ion B 2− . The
bond formed by exchange of electron between metal and non-metal is ionic bond, so nature of bond is ionic
or electrovalent.
Two properties of the ionic compound A2B are:
(1) It is soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvent such as alcohol.
(2) It does not conduct electricity in solid state but conducts electricity in solution or in molten state.
31. As a woman has only X chromosomes in all her gametes and it is given that person 𝐴 has only B chromosomes
in all its gametes, B is ' X ' chromosome.
It is also given that another person 𝐶 has chromosome D in half of gametes and chromosome E in another
half of gametes. As we know that males have 𝑋 chromosomes in half gametes and 𝑌 chromosomes in
another half, person C is a male.
When chromosome B and D fuse during fertilisation, a female zygote is formed. It means that both 𝐵 and 𝐷
are 𝑋 chromosomes. When 𝐵 and 𝐸 chromosomes combine, a male zygote results which means that while
𝐵 is 𝑋 chromosome, E is Y chromosome.
Therefore, B is 𝑋 chromosome, D is 𝑋 chromosome and E is Y chromosome.
Out of 𝐴 and 𝐶, 𝐴 is a female as it has only 𝑋 chromosomes in all gametes and 𝐶 is a male as it has X
chromosomes in half of the gametes and 𝑌 in the other half.
32. (A) A ray of light passing through the centre of curvature of a concave mirror retraces its path because when
the ray of light passes through centre of curvature of a concave mirror, it strikes the mirror at 90∘ i.e., the
incident ray coincides with the normal.
Therefore, angle of incidence = 0∘ . We know that according to laws of reflection, angle of incidence is equal
to the angle of reflection; therefore, angle of reflection will also be 0∘ . Thus, ray of light retraces its path.
(B) A ray of light from the object, parallel to the principal axis, after refraction from a convex lens, passes
through the principal focus on the other side of the lens, as shown in the figure given below.
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33. The increase in concentration of harmful chemical substances like pesticides in the body of living organisms
at each trophic level of a food chain is called biological magnification.
The topmost level organisms of trophic level would have highest concentration of chemicals. The organisms
at each higher trophic level will have more concentration of chemicals as the toxic substances move up the
food chain and become more concentrated at each trophic level. These chemicals are absorbed from the soil
by the plants and from the water bodies by the aquatic plants and animals. As these are not biodegradable,
they get accumulated progressively at each trophic level.
34. (A) Oxidising agent: It is a substance which gives oxygen or gains hydrogen and in the process, it itself gets
reduced. For example, in the given reaction:
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2 O
CuO has given oxygen atom to H2 , hence it is an oxidizing agent.
(B) (i) Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia.
H2 + N2 → NH3
Balanced chemical equation:
3H2(𝑔) + N2(𝑔) → 2NH3(𝑔)
(ii) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulphur dioxide.
H2 S + O2 → H2 O + SO2
Balanced chemical equation:
2H2 S(𝑔) + 3O2(𝑔) → 2H2 O(𝑙) + 2SO2(𝑔)
(iii) Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and a precipitate of barium
sulphate.
BaCl2(𝑎𝑞) + Al2 (SO4 )3(𝑎𝑞) → AlCl3(𝑎𝑞) + BaSO4(s)
Balanced chemical equation:
3BaCl2(𝑎𝑞) +Al2 (SO4 )3(𝑎𝑞) → 2AlCl3(𝑎𝑞) + 3BaSO4(𝑠) ↓
(iv) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
K + H2 O → KOH + H2
Balanced chemical equation:
2 K (𝑠) + 2H2 O(𝑏) → 2KOH(𝑠) + H2(𝑔)
OR
(A) Balanced chemical equations for the reactions taking place are:
(i) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2 O
(ii) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver
Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3 )2 + 2Ag
(iii) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper
2Al + 3CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3Cu
(B) Respiration is considered an exothermic reaction because a large amount of heat is produced in
respiration by the oxidation of glucose.
The chemical equation for the process of respiration is shown below:
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2 O + Energy
(C) Magnesium is a reactive metal. When kept exposed in air for a long time, a layer of MgO (magnesium
oxide) is formed on the surface of metal. The oxide layer does not burn when flame is brought in contact
with metal.
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35. Heater A Heater B
Power, P 100 W 150 W
Voltage, V 220 V 220 V
Current, I = P/V 0.45 A 0.68 A
Resistance, R = V/I 489 Ohm 324 Ohm
(A) Electric Power,
P = VI
P
⇒ I =
V
Also, according to Ohm's law,
𝑉 =ℝ
𝑉
∴ 𝑅 = .
𝐼
Using these relations, the values of current and resistance of heaters 𝐴 and 𝐵 have been calculated:
For heater A :
𝑃 = 100 W
𝑉 = 220 V
𝑃
𝐼 =
𝑉
100
𝐼 =
220
𝐼 = 0.45 A
220
𝑅 = Ohm
0.45
= 489Ohm
For heater B :
𝑃 = 150 W
V = 220 V
P
I =
V
150
I =
220
I = 0.68 A
220
𝑅 = Ohm
0.68
= 324Ohm
Resistance of heater A is 489Ohm and that of heater B is 324 Ohms. Therefore, heater A has higher
resistance.
(B) Electrical Energy consumed by heater-A:
E =P×𝑡
= 100 × 1
= 100Wh
= 0.1kWh
Heater-B:
𝐸 =𝑃×𝑡
= 150 × 1
= 150Wh
= 0.15kWh
Cost of operating heater-A for 1 hour
= Rs. 5 × 0.1
= Rs. 0.50
Cost of operating heater-B for 1 hour
5
= Rs. 5 × 0.15
= Rs. 0.75
So, heater B will be costly as it consumes more energy.
OR
(A) Advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel are:
(1) Different appliances need different values of current for their proper operation. Whereas, in a series
circuit, the current is constant throughout the circuit.
(2) When one component fails in a series circuit, the entire circuit is broken and none of the components
work. On the other hand, a parallel circuit divides the current through the electrical gadgets.
(3) There is no division of voltage among the appliances when connected in parallel. The potential
difference across each appliance is equal to the supplied voltage.
(B) For parallel combination of resistors, the potential difference will be same. Let the potential difference
be V
As,
𝑃
I=
𝑉
Then the current passing through the resistance 20Ohm will be,
𝑃1
𝐼1 =
𝑉
The current passing through the resistance 40Ohm will be,
𝑃2
𝐼2 =
𝑉
𝐼1 𝑃1 20
= =
𝐼2 𝑃2 40
Clearly we see that,
I1 = 2I2
Hence, current in 20 W is double as compared to the current in 40 W resistor.
36. (A) The parts of human male reproductive system performing the following functions:
(i) Production of sperms: Testis
(ii) Gland which provides fluid: Prostate gland/Seminal Vesicle
(iii) Provides low temperature for the formation of sperms: Scrotum
(B) Testis is the human male reproductive organ that produces sperm and secretes a hormone. The name of
the hormone secreted is testosterone.
Functions of hormone:
(1) It regulates development of secondary sexual characters.
(2) It regulates the formation, development and maturation of sperm.
(C) A disease which is sexually transmitted or STD includes warts or syphilis or HIVAIDS. It can be prevented
by using condoms during sexual intercourse.
OR
(A) When Planaria accidently gets cut into many pieces then each piece grows into a complete organism.
This is known as regeneration.
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(B) When the Bryophyllum leaf falls on the wet soil, the buds present in the notches along the leaf margin
develop into new plants. This is known as vegetative propagation.
(C) The sporangia of Rhizopus contain cells or spores that can eventually develop into new Rhizopus when it
bursts on maturation.
(D) When a mature Spirogyra filament attains a considerable length it breaks into small pieces called
fragments. These fragments grow into new individuals and this mode of reproduction is called
fragmentation.
(E) If mature ovum is not fertilised in a female, it gets released into fallopian tubes, and the process is known
as menstruation.
37. (A) The mother in question is blood type A. Her genotype is either ||𝐴 |𝐴 or ||𝐴 |0 . The maternal grandmother
is also blood type 𝐴 and 𝑎 brother is blood type 𝑂 tells us that the maternal grandmother of the child has
genotype |𝐼 𝐴 |0 , since she is type A but donated an O allele to one of her children.
The son is blood type A. The father can have any of the four possible blood types, type A, type B, or type O.
(B) Mendel's Law of Dominance states that recessive alleles will always be masked by dominant alleles.
Therefore, a cross between a homozygous dominant and a homozygous recessive will always express the
dominant phenotype, while still having a heterozygous genotype. Each character is controlled by a pair of
dissimilar factors. Only one of the characters expresses. The one which expresses in the F 1 generation is
called Dominant.
OR
(C) Genotype is the description of genes present in an organism. It is always a pair of letters such as TT, Tt or
𝑡t (where T and 𝑡 are the different forms of the same gene). Phenotype is the characteristic or trait which is
visible in an organism. Being tall or dwarf are phenotypes of a plant as these traits are visible.
38. (A) A and F belong to same homologous series of alkanes. 𝐶 and 𝐷 belong to same homologous series of
alkynes. B & E belong to same homologous series of alkene
(B) 𝐵 is an alkene having general formula C𝑛 H2𝑛 , the homologous series to which E belongs.
(C) A and F have general formula C𝑛 H2𝑛+2 i.e., of alkanes which are saturated hydrocarbons. C and D belong
to 𝑎 homologous series having general formula C𝑛 H2𝑛−2 . B and E are alkenes.
OR
(C) ' B ' alkene whose general formula is C𝑛 H2𝑛 ' 𝐹 ' is an alkane whose general formula is C𝑛 H2𝑛+2 .
39. (A) The objective forms a real image of the object whereas the eyepiece forms a virtual image of the object.
(B) Power of a lens is the reciprocal of its focal length. As the ratio of the focal lengths of the eyepiece and
objective lenses is 10: 1, the ratio of power of eyepiece and objective lens would be 1: 10
(C) Magnification produced by a lens is the ratio of size of image (ℎ′ ) to the size of object (ℎ). It can also be
written as:
ℎ′ 𝑣
𝑚= =
ℎ 𝑢
where 𝑢 and 𝑣 are the object distance and image distance respectively.
OR
(C) As the magnification of the objective is 10 and objective forms a real image of the object, 𝑚 = −10.
𝑣
Since object distance, 𝑢 = −2 cm, using the formula 𝑚 = 𝑢
⇒ 𝑣 = 𝑚𝑢 = (−10)(−2) = 20.
Therefore, the image formed is real and at a distance of 20 cm.