a ——— AIM: aa ae the source block starting with address 20h, (internal RAM) ) bytes of data with destination block starting with addr a can ‘ ing with address 40h SOFTWARE REQUIRED: Keilu vision 5 ALGORITHM: ‘Step 1: Start Step 2: Initialize Count etch address of first memory location Fetch address of second memory location ey eu all the data’s from first memory location to second memory location byte by byte Set program start address to 00H Initialize loop counter R2 to 5 (number of bytes to swap) RO, #201 Set source poinier RO to memory address 20H | MOV RI, #408 Set destination pointer R1 to memory address 40H UP: ‘A, GRO Load value from source address (RO) into accumulatorA: Exchange accumulator A with value at destination address (R1) ‘Store the original destination value (now in A) back to source address Increment source pointer to next byte Increment destination pointer to next byte ‘Decrement loop counter R2; if not zero, repeat the loop. End of program AFTER EXECUTION: Qe 89 99 00.00 46 90.90 6 00 00 9B 00/00 00.96 06.68 Deoweps 00-00 8 4 power 90-00 6008AIM: Write an ALP to exchange the source block starting with address 10h (Internal memon containing n (06) bytes of data with destination block starting at location 00h (Externa memory). SOFTWARE REQUIRED: Keil visions ALGORITHM: Step 1: Start Step 2: Initialize Count Step 3: Fetch address of internal memory location Step 4: Fetch address of external memory location Step 5S: Exchange all the data’s from internal memory location to extemal memory location & vice versa byte by byte Step 6: Stop CODE: ORG 00H Set program start address to OOH MOV RO, #10H Initialize RO as pointer to intemal memory starting at 10H MOV DPTR, #0000H | initialize DPTR to external memory starting at OOOOH MOV R2, #06H Set loop counter R2 to 6 (number of bytes to swap) UP: MOVX A, @DPTR | Read abyte from extemal memory at addtess DPTR into accumulator A MOV B,@RO Load byte from internal memory at address RO into register B XCH A,B Exchange accumulator A with B (swap exiemal and internal data) MOVX @DPTR, A Write swapped value (original internal byte) back to external memory MOV @R0,B Write swapped value (original external byte) back to intemal memory INC RO Increment internal memory pointer to next location INC DPTR Increment DPTR to next external memory address DINZ R2, UP Decrement loop counter R2 and repeat until all 6 bytes are swapped | END End of program OUTPUT: BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION: 03 00 03 90 8 00 09 09 06 30 00 oH 09 13°80 00 40 94 90. ‘Adee DOTEXPERIMENT: 6 AIM: Write an ALP to subtract the bytes in Internal RAM 34h &3Sh store the resull in rewister RS (LSB) & R6 (MSB) SOFTWARE REQUIRED: Keil u vision 5 ALGORITHM: Step 1: Start Step 2: Fetch the address of first data Step 3: Fetch address of second data Step 4: Subtract second data from first data Step 5 : Store remainder in register r5 borrow in register r6 Step 6: Stop CODE: ORG OOH Set origin (start address) at 0000H MOV RO, #34H Load register RO with address 34H MOV A,@RO Move the data from memory location 34H into accumulator A. INC RO Increment RO to point to next memory location (35H) MOV B,@RO Move the data from memory location 35H into register B SUBB A,B Subtract B from A (A= A - B with borrow) MOVRS,A Store the result of subtraction in register RS INC EXIT Jump to EXIT ifnto borrow (A> B) DEC R6 Decrement register R6 if borrow occurs (A < B) EXIT:SIMP EXIT Infinite loop (program stops here) END End of program BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION Reiter valve Peaset Vabe ian Memory 1 oF fee aren paw a, nv 05 2 mas 4 it on a oa pot Aes: ML ee he no | aise 8 02 8 aD y # os % a0 wv 0 < C 5 ay fs Ds0x34s FF 80 00 € ooo is 5 se 0 f 7 oo | mn OA DebetCi: 09 00 00 | = 2 ae | at a 0 : b O80 : oyaT AIM: Write an ALP to multiply two 8-bit numbers. stored it 30h a it esult in 32h and 33h of Internal RAM. 3 30h and. 31h and storet6- bit soFTWARE REQUIRED: Keilu vision s RITHM: step 1: Start Siep2: Fetch the address of first data Step: Fetch address of second data siep 4: Multiply first data with second data Step 5: Store LSB of the product to location 32h and MSB to location 33h Siep 6: Stop CODE: ‘ORG 00H Set program starting address to 0000H MOV RO, #30H Load RO with address 30H Move first number from memory location 30H into accumulator A Increment RO to point to next location (31H) Moye second number from memory location 31H into register B Multiply A and B (result; low byte in A, high byte in B) Increment RO to point to 32H Store lower byte of result at memory location 32H Increment RO to point fo 33H Store higher byte of result at memory lovation 33H End of program nue = “gor 3LK Zor 3 Address: [O:CxSO my et ea BEFORE EXECUTION: Memory Location D:30H, 0X30; 15[ 10| 00, 00] 00] 0 _AFTER EXECUTIO emory Location D30H 0x30: | 15| 10| S0| 01] 00 00— AIM: Write an ALP to separate positive and negative in a given array. ‘SOFTWARE REQUIRED: Keil u vision 5 Initialize the array length Initialize the intemal RAM address for array Jnitialize the array address to store positive numbers ,5: Initialize the array address to store negative numbers : Check the number is whether positive ot negative Store the number to corresponding location Program start at address 0O00H RO = address of source start RI = address of internal destination DPTR = base address of external memory, Loop Count =5 Load value from source (indirect) IfMSB = 1 ? negative Store positive in internal RAM. (indirect) Next source ‘Next internal destination Store negative in external RAM Point DPTR to next external cell ‘Next source Repeat 5 times Halt (infinite loop)EXPERIMENT: 10 AIM: Write an ALP to separate even or odd elements ina given array. SOFTWARE REQUIRED: Keil u vision 5 ALGORITHM: Step 1: Start Step 2: Initialize the array length Step 3: Initialize the internal RAM address for array Step 4: Initialize the array address to store even numbers Initialize the array address to store odd numbers Step 5: Check the number is whether even ot odd Step 6: Store the number to corresponding location Step 7: Stop CODE: ORG 0000b Program start at address OUOOH | MOV RO, #30h RO = address of source start MOV R1, #50h RI =address of internal RAM destination (EVEN Nos) MOV DPTR, #2000h DPTR = base address of external memory (ODD Nos) MOV R3, #05 Loop Count =$ LOOP: MOY A, @RO. Load yalue from source (indirect) JB ACC.0, STORE_ODD. IfLSB =1?0DD No. STORE_EVEN: MOV @R1, A Store EVEN in internal RAM (indirect) INCRL Next source INC RO Next internal destination SJMP NEXT STORE_ODD: MOVX @DPTR, A INC DPTR INC RO Store ODD in external RAM Point DPTR to next external cell NEXT: Next source DJNZ R3, LOOP END_LOOP: Repeat 5 times SJMP END LOOP END Halt (infinite loop) RESULT: Memory Mempy2 Memory 3 Address: [D: 0X030 | Address: [Dsaxnoso, Address: R200 D;0%80% 22.98 PE Pp On| || |BYOMS01) 34 Pe 007199) 05) ca, csonos aa Se FE 0 tol AE 2 FA 98 2 FA O© O&© OOO Be 5 3 oc212 agiven array Starting from 20h & an ALP to, find Largest & Smallest umber fr asm Wee jn Internal Memory location 40h. a JARE REQUIRED: Keil u vision 5 ire the current element with the next element e current element is greater than the next element, then current element is larger ‘current element is less than the next element, then the next element is larger neat till all the elements are compared Origin — start of program memory Load RO with starting address 20H (array base address) Load RI with count = $ (number of elements) Clear register B (assume minimum value initially OOH) Move data from memory location pointed by RO into ACC Compare A with B, ifnot equal jump to NEXT IfA B, move A into B (update min/max. value) Store the updated value at memory location 40H Increment RO to point to next memory location Decrement R1, if not zero repeat loop End of program AFTER EXECUTION Memory 2TION PROGRAM an ALP for Decimal UP-Coumer, op RIMENT? 13 ave Wie sormwane REQUIRED: Keil u vision S Start : Move 00 to A register call the delay subroutine for 1 second delay Increment A register ‘Convert the value into decimal for the BCD up counter till last value Set program start address to OOOOH Initialize accumulator A to 00H Call subroutine DELAY to create a time delay Send the value of A to port PO (output on LEDs: Add 1 to the accumulator A Decimal Adjust Accumulator (for BCD addition) TEA is not zero, jump back to BACK label (loop) SJMP HERE MOV R1, #0FFH Initialize RI to 255 (outer loop counter) MOY R2,#0FFH | {nitialize R2 to 255 (middle loop counter) Initialize R3 to 255 (inner loop counter) Decrement R3, repeat inner loop until R3 = 0 Decrement R2, repeat middle loop Decrement RJ, repeat outer loop Return from subroutine End of the program SVEs _winaow +) ome Sent Port ‘ume ay Rene ——F__rors periphedls Toolk interrupt overs Infinite loop here after counter overflows (stop program here)EXPERIMENT: 14 eae AIM: Write an ALP for Decimal DOWN-Counter. SOFTWARE REQUIRED: Keil u vision 5 ALGORITHM; Step i: Start Step 2: Move 00 to A register Step 3: Call the delay subroutine for 1 second delay Step 4: Add 99h for down counter Step 5: Convert the value into decimal forthe BCD down counter Step 6; Countttill last value Step 7; Stop Cope: ORG 0008 Set program start address to OOOOH MOY A, #00 Initialize accumulator A to 00H BACK: ACALL DELAY MOV PO, A ADD A, #99H DAA INZ BACK HERE: SJMP HERE DELAY: MOY RI, #0PFH DELAY1: MOV R2, #0FFH DELAY2: MOV R3, #0FEH AGAIN: DJINZ R3, AGAIN DJNZ R2, DELAY2 DJNZ R1, DELAY1 Call subroutine DELAY to create atime delay Send the value of A to port PO (output on LEDs Add immediate value 9911 to accumulator A Decimal Adjust Accumulator (for BCD addition) IfA is not zero, jump back to BACK label (loap) Infinite loop here after counter overflows (stop program here) Initialize R1 to 255 (outer loop counter) Initialize R2 to 255 (middle loop counter) Initialize R3 to 255 (inner loop counter) Decrement R3, repeat inner Joop until R3 = 0 Decrement R2, repeat middle loop Decrement Ri, repeat outer loop RET Return from subroutine END End of the program STEPS TO BE FOLLLOWED (elm em ar Desa aL ele) 20S weve WesPons O17) pono serial Pony Thee Pes ne ie ¥ DBFE Pen> RESULT a | Pe: foroe— ySq—p- Ry - POR a } Pine: FOE rr [opie IRR my1S) ALP for Hexadecimal UP-Counter, EQUIRED: Keil y vision 5 accumulator with 00h delay subroutine for delay i i sae Step 4) Increment Ace Muliior Set program start address to DOOOH Initialize accumulator A to OOM Call DELAY subjoutine to eyeate atime delay Output the current value of. Ato por Pl (e.g, LEDs) Increment the accumulator A byl ILA is not zero, Jump back to BACK (loop until A overflows thom OxFF to 0x00) Infinite loop fo stop program execution here Initialize outer loop counter RI to 255 Initialize middle loop counter R2 1 255 Initialize inner loop counter R3 to 255 Decrement R3 and loop until R3 = 0 Deerement R2 and loop middle loop Decrement RI and loop outer Joop Retum from subroutine to the calling location, End of the program Redphetsis Fools SVES Wondow 5 interrupt | dea Wvorpoits > |¥| poito Setisi ror) Toes Ports Port a Ppolel Port 4 | jp Pont T__ Bes cH Pa: [RFF VR pre [aFF PR RRREXPERIME AIM: Write an ALP for Hi SOFTWARE REQUIRE ALGORITHM: Step 1: Start exadecimal DOWN-Counter. : Keil u vision 5 Step 2: Initialize accumulator sith 00h Step 3: Call the delay subroutine for delay Step 4: Increment Accumulator Step 5: Count till last value Step 6: Stop ORG 0008 MOY A, #0FFH BACK: ACALL DELAY MOV PI,A DEC A JNZ BACK HERE: SJMP HERE DELAY:MOV Ri, #0FFH DELAY1: MOV R2, #0FFH DELAY2: MOV R3, #0FFH AGAIN: DJNZ R3, AGAIN Set program start address to OOOOH — Initialize accumulator A to FFH (255 decimal) Call DELAY subroutine to create a time delay Quiput the current value of A to port PI (¢.g., LEDs) Deerement the accumulator Abyl If A is not zero, jump. back to BACK (loop until A reaches 00H) \ Infinite loop to stop program execution Initialize outer loop counter Ri to 255 Initialize middle loop counter R2 to 255 Initialize inner loop counter R3 to 255 Decrement R3 and loop until R3 = 0 Decrement R2 and loop middle loop DJNZ R2, DELAY2 DJNZ Ri, DELAY1 Decrement R1 and loop outer loop RET Return from subroutine to the calling location END End of the program é STEPS TO BE FOLLLOWED ie o| m Oe oh Berea ae oe ters [fe]. Run ESI wopens |v | Porto Rl ka ee 5 ster Start code execution F Ha . ee fe z= ‘ DSFE G Pots RESULT. i Parallel Part! Tess aa Pavelte (Pott A i ‘Pot } age Bits o |} Z it 9 rr eee | enieor eererece | Pine: [OxF i }) Fi mye: OK plete lela i \| Pins: [xO CTP Ke