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Introduction
The urinary system, also known as the renal
system, consist of organs which produces, stores and
eliminates urine, the fluid waste excreted by the
kidneys.
The kidneys make urine by filtering wastes and extra
water from blood.
Urine travels from the kidneys through two thin tubes
called ureters and store in the bladder and remove by
the urethra
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The Urinary System
Components:
Kidneys (renal)
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
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Kidneys
The kidneys are the primary
organs of the urinary system.
The kidneys are the organs
that filter the blood, remove
the wastes, and excrete the
wastes in the urine. They are
the organs that perform the
functions of the urinary system
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External Anatomy of Kidney
Paired kidney-bean-shaped
organ
Situated in the posterior
abdominal wall between
T12and L3
Protected by 11th & 12th ribs
with right kidney lower
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Overview of Kidney Functions
excrete wastes production/1
of water ,glucose and amino acid 2/ reabsorption
erythropoietin Produce hormones include/3
rennin and
electrolytes regulation of/4
acid–base balance maintenance of/5
Regulation of blood pressure/6
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Inf phrenic
Suprarenal
Sup (adrenal) gland
suprare
nal
Middle
suprarenal
SMA
Inferior
suprarenal R kidney
ureter
R gonadal
L gonadal
vein
vein
Internal Anatomy of Kidney
:Urine collection
Ducts within each renal
papilla release urine
into minor calyx
major calyx
renal pelvis
ureter 9
Nephron is a
Structural and
Filtration in the
functional
kidney occurs
unit of the
in the
kidney
glomerulus
Anatomy of Ureters
Muscular tube 10 inch long (25c)
Extends from renal pelvis to
bladder
Retroperitoneal
Enters posterior wall of bladder
Function: covey urine
Urinary bladder
the urinary bladder is a muscular sac in the pelvis, just
above and behind the pubic bone.
When empty, the bladder is about the size and shape of a
pear.
Urine is made in the kidneys and travels down two tubes
called ureters to store in the bladder.
The bladder stores urine, allowing urination to be
infrequent and controlled
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Anatomy of Urinary Bladder
Hollow, distensible muscular organ with capacity of 400 - 600 mL
Trigone is smooth flat area bordered by 2 ureteral openings and
one urethral opening
Anatomy of the Urethra
The final passage way for the flow of urine is the urethra, a thin-
walled tube that conveys urine from the floor of the urinary
bladder to the outside.
Females
length of 1.5 inch., orifice between clitoris & vagina
Males
male, the urethra is on average 18 to 20 centimeters (7.1 to
7.9 in) long
tube passes through prostate, UG diaphragm & penis
3 regions of urethra
prostatic urethra, membranous urethra & spongy urethra
circular smooth muscle forms internal urethral sphincter &
UG diaphragm forms external urethral sphincter
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UTIs (esp. [Link])
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Renal failure
Kidney failure, or renal failure, means your
kidneys can't filter waste, salt, and water from
your blood, leading to fluid buildup, fatigue,
swelling, nausea, and confusion. It can be
sudden (acute) or gradual (chronic), with
common causes including diabetes, high blood
pressure, and injury.
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A ureteral stone is a kidney stone that has moved
from the kidney into the ureter (the tube
connecting the kidney to the bladder). These
hard mineral deposits cause severe pain (renal
colic) in the side or back, often radiating to the
groin, and can lead to nausea, vomiting, frequent
urination, or bloody urine
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