Python Beginner Code Examples
10 Complete Programs for Beginner Exam Practice
# Example Title Key Concepts
1 Hello World & Basic Input/Output print(), input(), variables
2 Basic Arithmetic Calculator float(), operators, if/else
3 Even or Odd Checker int(), % modulo, conditionals
4 Counting with a For Loop range(), for loop, f-strings
5 Sum of Numbers Using a While Loop while, break, += operator
6 Working with Lists list, append(), enumerate()
7 Simple Function Definition def, parameters, return
8 Grade Checker with if/elif/else if/elif/else, nested logic
9 Simple Dictionary (Student Record) dict, .items(), key/value
10 Factorial Using Recursion recursion, base case
Exampl Hello World & Basic Input/Output
e1
The most classic beginner program. It prints a message and asks the user for their name.
CODE
# Print a simple message
print("Hello, World!")
# Ask the user for their name
name = input("What is your name? ")
# Greet the user
print("Hello,", name, "! Welcome to Python.")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Hello, World!
What is your name? Alice
Hello, Alice ! Welcome to Python.
TIP: print() displays output. input() reads what the user types from the keyboard.
Exampl Basic Arithmetic Calculator
e2
Takes two numbers from the user and performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
CODE
# Get two numbers from the user
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
# Perform all basic operations
print("Addition: ", num1 + num2)
print("Subtraction: ", num1 - num2)
print("Multiplication:", num1 * num2)
# Check for division by zero
if num2 != 0:
print("Division: ", num1 / num2)
else:
print("Cannot divide by zero!")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Enter first number: 10
Enter second number: 4
Addition: 14.0
Subtraction: 6.0
Multiplication: 40.0
Division: 2.5
TIP: Use float() to convert input to a decimal number. Always check for division by zero!
Exampl Even or Odd Checker
e3
Checks whether a number entered by the user is even or odd using the modulo operator (%).
CODE
# Get a number from the user
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
# Check if it is even or odd
if number % 2 == 0:
print(number, "is an EVEN number.")
else:
print(number, "is an ODD number.")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Enter a number: 7
7 is an ODD number.
Enter a number: 12
12 is an EVEN number.
TIP: The % operator gives the remainder of a division. If remainder is 0, the number is even.
Exampl Counting with a For Loop
e4
Demonstrates the for loop by counting from 1 to 10 and printing each number with its square.
CODE
# Print numbers 1 to 10 with their squares
print("Number | Square")
print("------------------")
for i in range(1, 11):
print(f" {i} | {i ** 2}")
print("------------------")
print("Loop finished!")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Number | Square
------------------
1 | 1
2 | 4
3 | 9
4 | 16
5 | 25
6 | 36
7 | 49
8 | 64
9 | 81
10 | 100
------------------
Loop finished!
TIP: range(1, 11) generates numbers 1 to 10. Use ** for exponentiation (power).
Exampl Sum of Numbers Using a While Loop
e5
Keeps asking the user to enter numbers and adds them up until the user types 0 to stop.
CODE
# Initialize total
total = 0
count = 0
print("Enter numbers to add. Type 0 to stop.")
while True:
num = float(input("Enter a number: "))
if num == 0:
break # Exit the loop
total += num # Same as: total = total + num
count += 1
print(f"\nYou entered {count} numbers.")
print(f"Total sum = {total}")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Enter numbers to add. Type 0 to stop.
Enter a number: 5
Enter a number: 10
Enter a number: 3
Enter a number: 0
You entered 3 numbers.
Total sum = 18.0
TIP: break exits a loop immediately. += is shorthand for adding to a variable.
Exampl Working with Lists
e6
Creates a list of student names, adds/removes items, and loops through to display results.
CODE
# Create a list of student names
students = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "Diana"]
# Add a new student
[Link]("Eve")
# Remove a student
[Link]("Bob")
# Display all students
print("Student List:")
for i, name in enumerate(students, start=1):
print(f" {i}. {name}")
# Show list info
print(f"\nTotal students: {len(students)}")
print(f"First student: {students[0]}")
print(f"Last student: {students[-1]}")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Student List:
1. Alice
2. Charlie
3. Diana
4. Eve
Total students: 4
First student: Alice
Last student: Eve
TIP: append() adds to end. remove() deletes by value. enumerate() gives index + value together.
Exampl Simple Function Definition
e7
Defines reusable functions to greet a user and calculate the area of a rectangle.
CODE
# Define a function to greet
def greet(name):
print(f"Hello, {name}! Nice to meet you.")
# Define a function that returns a value
def calculate_area(length, width):
area = length * width
return area
# --- Call the functions ---
greet("Alice")
greet("Bob")
# Calculate and display area
length = 8
width = 5
result = calculate_area(length, width)
print(f"\nRectangle {length} x {width}")
print(f"Area = {result} square units")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Hello, Alice! Nice to meet you.
Hello, Bob! Nice to meet you.
Rectangle 8 x 5
Area = 40 square units
TIP: def defines a function. return sends a value back to the caller. Functions make code reusable.
Exampl Grade Checker with if/elif/else
e8
Reads a student's score and prints the letter grade using multiple conditions.
CODE
# Get the student score
score = int(input("Enter your score (0-100): "))
# Determine the grade
if score >= 90:
grade = "A"
remark = "Excellent!"
elif score >= 80:
grade = "B"
remark = "Very Good!"
elif score >= 70:
grade = "C"
remark = "Good"
elif score >= 60:
grade = "D"
remark = "Needs Improvement"
else:
grade = "F"
remark = "Failed"
print(f"\nScore : {score}")
print(f"Grade : {grade}")
print(f"Remark: {remark}")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Enter your score (0-100): 85
Score : 85
Grade : B
Remark: Very Good!
TIP: if/elif/else checks multiple conditions in order. Only the first True block executes.
Exampl Simple Dictionary (Student Record)
e9
Uses a dictionary to store and display a student's information like name, age, and grade.
CODE
# Create a student dictionary
student = {
"name" : "Alice Johnson",
"age" : 18,
"grade" : "A",
"subject": "Mathematics",
"score" : 95
}
# Display student information
print("===== Student Record =====")
for key, value in [Link]():
print(f" {[Link]():10}: {value}")
# Update a value
student["score"] = 98
print(f"\nUpdated Score: {student['score']}")
# Check if a key exists
if "name" in student:
print(f"Student name is: {student['name']}")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
===== Student Record =====
Name : Alice Johnson
Age : 18
Grade : A
Subject : Mathematics
Score : 95
Updated Score: 98
Student name is: Alice Johnson
TIP: Dictionaries store key-value pairs. Use .items() to loop through both keys and values.
Exampl Factorial Using Recursion
e 10
Calculates the factorial of a number using a recursive function — a function that calls itself.
CODE
# Define a recursive function for factorial
def factorial(n):
# Base case: factorial of 0 or 1 is 1
if n == 0 or n == 1:
return 1
# Recursive case: n! = n * (n-1)!
else:
return n * factorial(n - 1)
# Test the function
print("Factorial Table")
print("---------------")
for num in range(0, 8):
print(f" {num}! = {factorial(num)}")
# User input
number = int(input("\nEnter a number: "))
print(f"{number}! = {factorial(number)}")
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Factorial Table
---------------
0! = 1
1! = 1
2! = 2
3! = 6
4! = 24
5! = 120
6! = 720
7! = 5040
Enter a number: 5
5! = 120
TIP: Recursion means a function calling itself. Every recursive function needs a base case to stop.