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4) AI Engineering Risk

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4) AI Engineering Risk

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Android Geek
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© All Rights Reserved
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AI Engineering Risk & Guardrails Memo (Single Page)

Title: AI Engineering Risk & Guardrails Memo


Date: July 1, 2026

Purpose: Define practical controls for shipping safe, reliable AI features.

Top Risks

1. Hallucinations: Confident but incorrect output

2. Prompt Injection: Malicious instructions hidden in user or retrieved


content

3. Data Leakage: Sensitive data exposed in prompts, logs, or outputs

4. Automation Errors: Agents taking unintended actions

5. Model Drift: Performance degrades after data or model changes

Guardrail Strategy (Defense in Depth)

Input Controls

 Validate and sanitize user input

 Detect suspicious instructions and adversarial patterns

 Apply domain constraints before model call

Context Controls

 Restrict retrieval sources to trusted corpora

 Tag data sensitivity and enforce policy-based filtering

 Exclude unverified content for high-stakes responses

Generation Controls

 Enforce structured outputs where possible (JSON/schema)

 Require citations for factual claims in knowledge tasks

 Add refusal rules for unsafe or unauthorized requests

Action Controls (Tools/Agents)

 Principle of least privilege for tools

 Human confirmation for destructive or financial actions

 Idempotency keys and audit trails for side-effecting operations

Monitoring Controls

 Track hallucination rate, policy violations, and incident count


 Sample outputs for manual review

 Alert on latency spikes, cost anomalies, and error surges

Release Policy

 Launch in phases (internal → limited beta → general)

 Maintain rollback path for model/prompt/retriever versions

 Re-evaluate after every significant model or data update

Safe AI systems are built through layered controls, continuous testing, and
operational discipline—not one-time prompt edits.

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