Introduction to PostgreSQL Database
PostgreSQL is a powerful, open-source
relational database management system
(RDBMS) used to store, manage, and retrieve
data efficiently.
🔹 Key Features
• Open Source (free to use)
• Supports SQL (Structured Query
Language)
• Highly reliable and secure
• Supports ACID properties (Atomicity,
Consistency, Isolation, Durability)
• Advanced features like:
o JSON support
o Indexing
o Triggers
o Stored procedures
• Cross-platform (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• • Supports complex queries
• • ACID compliant (reliable transactions)
• • Used by companies like Apple,
• Instagram, Uber
🔹 Why Use PostgreSQL?
• Handles large-scale applications
• Strong data integrity
• Widely used in web, enterprise, and
analytics systems
🔹 PostgreSQL stores data as:
Server → Database → Schema →
Tables → Rows & Columns
PostgreSQL Installation
✅ 1. Installation on Windows
Steps:
[Link] to official website:
👉
[Link]
dows/
[Link] installer from EnterpriseDB
[Link] the installer and follow steps:
o Select installation directory
o Choose components (pgAdmin,
PostgreSQL Server)
o Set password for superuser
(postgres)
o Choose port (default: 5432)
[Link] installation
🔹 Steps (macOS / Windows / Linux)
[Link] PostgreSQL from official site
[Link] PostgreSQL server
[Link] pgAdmin 4 (GUI tool)
[Link] password for postgres user
[Link] installation using:
psql –version
🔹 Tools after installation
• pgAdmin 4 → Graphical interface
• psql → Command-line interface
🚀 How to Work with pgAdmin 4 (Beginner
Guide)
1⃣ Add / Connect to PostgreSQL Server
(First Time)
On the screen you shared, click:
👉 Add New Server
🔹 General Tab
• Name:
• Local PostgreSQL
🔹 Connection Tab
Fill these exactly:
Field Value
Host name /Address localhost
Port 5432
Maintenance database postgres
Username postgres
Field Value
Password 🔐 (the password you set
during installation)
Save password ✅ Check
Click Save
Open Query Tool Workspace and provide
the details and then continue..
CRUD Commands:
1. Create a New Database
Run this in Query Tool (connected to
postgres database):
CREATE DATABASE studentdb;
✅ Success message = database created
✅ Create a table (correct SQL)
Now run:
CREATE TABLE students (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(100),
course VARCHAR(50),age INT
);
✅ Insert data
INSERT INTO students (name,
course, age)
VALUES ('Komal', 'Computer
Science', 21);
INSERT INTO students (name,
course, age)
VALUES ('Amit', 'Science', 25);
✅ View data
SELECT * FROM students;
🔄 UPDATE Command
🔹 Example 1: Update course for id = 1
UPDATE students
SET course = 'IT'
WHERE id = 1;
Example 2: Update multiple columns
UPDATE students
SET name = 'Rahul', course =
'Engineering'
WHERE id = 1;
❌ DELETE Command
🔹 Example 1: Delete specific row
DELETE FROM students
WHERE id = 1;
🔹 Example 3: Delete all records
DELETE FROM students;
👉 Table structure remains, only data deleted
🗑 DROP DATABASE Command
DROP DATABASE Studentdb;
Then check:
\l or \list
👉 If you don’t see Studentdb → ✔ Done