Chapter 2: Motion in Straight line
Questions and Numericals
//X Section A
• Write the answer of the following questions. [Each carries 3 Marks] [30]
1. (a) Explain instantaneous velocity.
(b) Discuss how it can be determined from x ® t graph.
2. Write down two difference between speed and velocity.
3. What do you mean by acceleration ?
(a) Explain average acceleration of a particle moving over a straight path and also
(b) Explain instantaneous acceleration.
4. Discuss the observation of Galileo for the objects falling freely.
5. Draw the x ® t graphs for positive, negative and zero acceleration.
6. Draw v ® t graph for constant velocity and explain it.
7. Derive the equations of uniformly accelerated motion by graphical method.
8. What is free fall ? Write equations of uniformly accelerated motion for object falling freely.
9. A particle with initial velocity v0 moves with constant acceleration in a straight line. Find the
distance travelled in nth second.
10. What is stopping distance for vehicle ?
//X Section B
• Write the answer of the following questions. [Each carries 4 Marks] [36]
11. The position-time (x ® t) graphs for two children A and B returning from their school O to their
homes P and Q respectively are shown in figure. Choose the correct entries in the brackets below;
(a) (A/B) lives closer to the school than (B/A)
(b) (A/B) starts from the school earlier than (B/A)
(c) (A/B) walks faster than (B/A)
(d) A and B reach home at the (same different) time.
(e) (A/B) overtakes (B/A) on the road (once/twice).
12. A woman starts from her home at 9.00 am, walks with a speed of 5 km h–1 on a straight road up
to her office 2.5 km away, stays at the office up to 5.00 pm,
and returns home by an auto with a speed of 25 kmh– 1
.
Choose suitable scales and plot the x ® t graph of her motion.
13. A drunkard walking in a narrow lane takes 5 steps forward and 3 steps backward, followed again
by 5 steps forward and 3 steps backward, and so on.
Each step is 1 m long and requires 1 s. Plot the x ® t graph
of his motion. Determine graphically and otherwise how
long the drunkard takes to fall in a pit 13m away from the
start.
14. A car moving along a straight highway with speed of 126 km h–1 is brought to a stop within a
distance of 200 m. What is the retardation of the car (assumed uniform), and how long does it
take for the car to stop ?
A car moving along a straight highway with speed of 126 km h–1 is brought to a stop within a
distance of 200 m. What is the retardation of the car (assumed uniform), and how long does it
take for the car to stop ?
15. A player throws a ball upwards with an initial speed of 29.4 m s–1.
(a) What is the direction of acceleration during the upward motion of the ball ?
(b) What are the velocity and acceleration of the ball at the highest point of its motion ?
(c) Choose the x = 0 m and t = 0 s to be the location and time of the ball at its highest point
vertically downward direction to be the positive direction of x-axis and give the signs of
position, velocity and acceleration of the ball during its upward and downward motion.
(d) To what height does the ball rise and after how long does the ball return to the player’s hands
? (Take g = 9.8 ms–2 and neglect air resistance).
16. A ball is dropped from a height of 90 m on a floor. At each collision with the floor, the ball loses
one tenth of its speed. Plot thespeed ® time graph of its motion betweent = 0 to 12s.
17. A man walks on a straight road from his home to a market 2.5 km away with a speed of 5 km h–1.
Finding the market closed, he instantly turns and walks back home with a speed of 7.5 km h–1. What
is the (a) magnitude of average velocity, and (b) average speed of the man over the interval of time
(i) 0 to 30 min, (ii) 0 to 50 min, (iii) 0 to 40 min ?
[Note : You will appreciate from this exercise why it is better to define average speed as total path
length divided by time, and not as magnitude of average velocity. You would not like to tell the tired
man on his return home that his average speed was zero !]
18. A police van moving on a highway with a speed of 30 kmh–1 fires a bullet at a thief’s car speeding away
in the same direction with a speed of 192 kmh–1. If the muzzle speed of the bullet is 150 ms–1 with what
speed does the bullet hit the thief’s car ? (Note : Obtain that speed which is relevant for damaging the
thief’s car).
19. Figure gives the x ® t plot of a particle executing one-dimensional simple harmonic motion. (You
will learn about this motion in more detail in Chapter 13).
Give the signs of position, velocity and acceleration variables
of the particle at t = 0.3 s, 1.2 s, –1.2 s.
Chapter 2: Motion in Straight line
Questions and Numericals
//X Section A
• Write the answer of the following questions. [Each carries 3 Marks] [30]
1.
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//X Section B
• Write the answer of the following questions. [Each carries 4 Marks] [36]
11.
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15.
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16.
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