Chapter 5: Work, Energy and Power

Questions and Numericals

//X Section A
• Write the answer of the following questions. [Each carries 3 Marks] [39]
1. Explain with illustrations the meaning of work, energy and power in everyday life and state that
this meaning has no relation with the meaning in physics.
2. Explain the kinds of multiplication operations for vectors.
3. State the properties of scalar multiplication of vectors.
4. For body moving with constant acceleration write and explain work energy theorem.
5. Derive the work energy theorem for a variable force exerted on a body in one dimension.
6. What are conservative force, non-conservative force, conservative field and non-conservative field ? -
dV
7.
25R) Prove F = - for conservative force.
dx
8. State and establish principle of conservation of mechanical energy.
9. Write a principle of non-conservative force for mechanical energy.
10. Explain the conservation of mechanical energy for a free fall body.
11. Draw a plots of mechanical energy, potential energy and kinetic energy versus displacement for
different position of a motion of a block attached to a spring.
34R) Define and explain about power. Derive its formula. Write different units of power. Name the
12.
largest unit of power also define it and find its value.
13. Explain total linear momentum is conserved in an elastic collision and also explain inelastic
collision and completely elastic collision.

//X Section B
• Write the answer of the following questions. [Each carries 4 Marks] [56]
14. A body of mass 2 kg initially at rest moves under the action of an applied horizontal force of 7
N on a table with coefficient of kinetic friction = 0.1. Compute the
(a) work done by the applied force in 10 s.
(b) work done by friction in 10 s.
(c) work done by the net force on the body in 10 s.
(d) change in kinetic energy of the body in 10 s and interpret your results.
15. The potential energy function for a particle executing linear simple harmonic motion is given by
2
kx
V( x ) = where k is the force constant of the oscillator. For k = 0.5
2
Nm –1 , the graph of V(x) versus x is shown in figure. Show that a
particle of total energy 1 J moving under this potential must ‘turn back’
when it reaches x = ± 2m.
16. A body constrained to move along the Z-axis of a coordinate system is subject to a constant
®
force F given by F = (–iˆ + 2 ˆj + 3kˆ) N where iˆ, ˆj , kˆ, are unit vectors along the X, Y and Z-axis of
the system respectively. What is the work done by this force in moving the body a distance of
4 m along the Z-axis ?
17. A rain drop of radius 2 mm falls from a height of 500 m above the ground. It falls with decreasing
acceleration (due to viscous resistance of the air) until at half its original height, it attains its
maximum (terminal) speed, and moves with uniform speed thereafter. What is the work done by
the gravitational force on the drop in the first and second half of its journey ? What is the work
done by the resistive force in the entire journey if its speed on reaching the ground is 10 ms–1 ?
18. A pump on the ground floor of a building can pump up water to fill a tank of volume 30 m3 in
15 min. If the tank is 40 m above the ground, and the efficiency of the pump is 30%, how much
electric power is consumed by the pump ?
19. The bob A of a pendulum released from 30° to the vertical hits another bob B of the same mass
at rest on a table as shown in figure. How high does the bob A rise after the collision ? Neglect
the size of the bobs and assume the collision to be elastic.

20. A trolley of mass 300 kg carrying a sandbag of 25 kg is moving uniformly with a speed of 27 km/h
on a frictionless track. After a while, sand starts leaking out of a hole on the floor of the trolley
at the rate of 0.05 kg s–1. What is the speed of the trolley after the entire sand bag is empty ?
21. The blades of a windmill sweep out a circle of area A. (a) If the wind flows at a velocity v
perpendicular to the circle, what is the mass of the air passing through it in time t ? (b) What
is the kinetic energy of the air ? (c) Assume that the windmill converts 25% of the wind’s energy
into electrical energy, and that A = 30 m2, v = 36 km/h and the density of air is 1.2 kg m–3. What
is the electrical power produced ?
3 1
-
2 -1
22. A body of mass 0.5 kg travels in a straight line with velocity v = ax 2
where a = 5m s . What
is the work done by the net force during its displacement from x = 0 to x = 2 m ?
23. A family uses 8 kW of power. (a) Direct solar energy is incident on the horizontal surface at an
average rate of 200 W per square meter. If 20% of this energy can be converted to useful electrical
energy, how large an area is needed to supply 8 kW ? (b) Compare this area to that of the roof of
a typical house.
5.4)
24. Answer the following : In figure (a) the man walks 2 m carrying a mass of 15 kg on his hands.
In figure (b), he walks the same distance pulling the rope behind him. The rope goes over a
pulley, and a mass of 15 kg hangs at its other end. In which case is the work done greater ?
25. To simulate car accidents, auto manufacturers study the collisions of moving cars with mounted
springs of different spring constants. Consider a typical simulation with a car of mass 1000 kg
moving with a speed 18.0 km/h on a smooth road and colliding with a horizontally mounted
spring of spring constant 5.25 × 103 Nm–1. What is the maximum compression of the spring ?
26. A cyclist comes to a skidding stop in 10 m. During this process, the force on the cycle due to
the road is 200 N and is directly opposed to the motion. How much work does the cycle do on
the road ?
27. An elevator can carry a maximum load of 1800 kg (elevator + passengers) is moving up with
a constant speed of 2 ms–1. The frictional force opposing the motion is 4000 N. Determine the
minimum power delivered by the motor to the elevator in watts as well as in horse power.
 Chapter 5: Work, Energy and Power

Questions and Numericals

//X Section A
• Write the answer of the following questions. [Each carries 3 Marks] [39]
1.

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//X Section B
• Write the answer of the following questions. [Each carries 4 Marks] [56]
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