REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
DIVISION OF CABADBARAN CITY
NORTHERN MINDANAO COLLEGES, INC.
Atega Street, Barangay 11 Poblacion, Cabadbaran City
8605 Agusan del Norte, Region XIII
NON-SECTARIAN
1946
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GRADE 11 BASIC CALCULUS
MODULE
Specific Objectives:
At the end of this module, the student is expected to:
1. Identify the applicable technique of integration.
2. Make the necessary substitution to transform a function to fit a formula for
integration.
A. Integration by parts – normally used when u substitution is not appropriate and is
useful when the
integrand is the product of two unrelated functions.
Formula:
𝒅(𝒖𝒗) = 𝒖𝒅𝒗 + 𝒗𝒅𝒖
𝒖𝒅𝒗 = 𝒅(𝒖𝒗) – 𝒗𝒅𝒖
∫ 𝒖𝒅𝒗 = ∫ 𝒅(𝒖𝒗) − ∫ 𝒗𝒅𝒖
therefore: ∫ 𝒖𝒅𝒗 = 𝒖𝒗 − ∫ 𝒗𝒅𝒖
Note:
i.) to use this formula, one needs to correctly identify u and dv.
ii.) choose a u that gets simpler when differentiated and a dv that is easy to integrate.
iii.) may be applied more than once to get the answer.
Example 1. ∫ ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Choosing 𝑢 = ln 𝑥 and 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥/x 𝑣=𝑥
Plugging these values into the formula, the integral becomes
𝑑𝑥
∫ ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 ln 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑥 ∙
𝑥
= 𝑥 ln 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝐶
ln 𝑥
Example 2. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2
Choosing 𝑢 = ln 𝑥 and 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑥/𝑥2 = 𝑥 -2 𝑑𝑥
ln 𝑥 ln 𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥
Hence, ∫ 𝑥2
𝑑𝑥 = − − ∫ (− ) ( )
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
ln 𝑥
=− + ∫ 𝑥-2 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
ln 𝑥 1
=− - +C
𝑥 𝑥
1+ ln 𝑥
Simplifying =− +C
𝑥
𝑡
Example 3. ∫ (2𝑡 + 3) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 ( ) 𝑑𝑡
2
𝑡
Choosing 𝑢 = 2𝑡 + 3 and 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 ( ) 𝑑𝑡
2
𝑡
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑑𝑡 𝑣 = 2 tan ( )
2
𝑡 𝑡 𝑡
Hence, ∫ (2𝑡 + 3) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 ( ) 𝑑𝑡 = 2(2𝑡 + 3) tan ( ) − ∫ 4 tan ( )𝑑𝑡
2 2 2
𝑡 𝑡
= 2(2𝑡 + 3) tan ( ) + 8 ln |cos ( )| + 𝐶
2 2
Example 4. ∫ 𝑥2 sin(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
Letting 𝑢 = 𝑥2 and 𝑑𝑣 = sin(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
1
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑣=− cos(3𝑥)
3
𝑥2 2
Then, ∫ 𝑥2 sin(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = − cos(3𝑥) + ∫ 𝑥 cos(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 this will also require
3 3
integration
by parts
𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = cos(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
1
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑣= sin(3𝑥)
3
So, the integral becomes,
𝑥2 2 𝑥 1
∫ 𝑥2 sin(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = − cos(3𝑥) + [ 3 sin(3𝑥) − ∫ sin(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥]
3 3 3
𝑥2 2𝑥 2
=− cos(3𝑥) + sin(3𝑥) − ∫ sin(3𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
3 9 9
𝑥2 2𝑥 2
=− cos(3𝑥) + sin(3𝑥) − cos (3𝑥) + C
3 9 27
Example 5. ∫ 𝑒 x sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Let 𝑢 = 𝑒 x 𝑑𝑣 = sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 x 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 = − cos 𝑥
∫ 𝑒 x sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑒 x cos 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 x (− cos 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
= −𝑒 x cos 𝑥 + ∫ 𝑒 x cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑒x 𝑑𝑣 = cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 x 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 = sin 𝑥
= −𝑒 x cos 𝑥 + 𝑒 x sin 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 x sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Here, notes the appearance of the original integral on the right side of the equation.
Transpose to the left side and solve for the integral as follows:
2 ∫ 𝑒 x sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑒 x cos 𝑥 + 𝑒 x sin 𝑥
Dividing both sides by 2:
1
∫ 𝑒 x sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = (−𝑒 x cos 𝑥 + 𝑒 x sin 𝑥) + 𝐶
2
𝑒𝑥
= (sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥) + 𝐶
3
EXERCISES:
1. ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑒 𝑥/2 𝑑𝑥
2. ∫ 𝑥 5 √𝑥 3 + 1 𝑑𝑥
3. ∫ 𝑥 4 √𝑥 2 − 1 𝑑𝑥
4. ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 3 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
5. ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 -1 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
𝑥3+ 𝑒 𝑥
6. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥2 +1)2
7. ∫ 𝑒4x sin (𝑒 2x) 𝑑𝑥
2
8. ∫ 𝑥 𝑒𝑥 sin 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
9. ∫ sin (ln 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
10. ∫ 𝑥 2 ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Prepared by: LIONEL P. MINGUITO Checked by: HERMIE LIZA D. SASIS, MACDDS.
SUBJECT TEACHER BASIC EDUCATION PRINCIPAL