Scribd
Upload
2 views20 pages

School Notes

My personal study document

Uploaded by

f21052744
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views20 pages

School Notes

My personal study document

Uploaded by

f21052744
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Methods of Representing

Cartesian Vectors in Space


Vector in 3D

Cartesian Vector Form

A  Ax i  A y j  Az k

Magnitude of a Cartesian Vector.

A 2
Ax  2
Ay  2
Az
Direction of a Cartesian Vector.

Vector A  Ax i  A y j  Az k

Magnitude A Ax2  Ay2  Az2

cos  
Ax  x
A
Direction Ay
cos    y
Angles A
cos  
Az   z
A
The unit vector 𝑼𝑨 in 3D

u A , which can be defined as follows:


‫متجة الوحده‬
A Ax Ay Az 1 = ‫القيمه‬
uA   i j k ‫ يحدد‬: ‫االتجاه‬
A A A A ‫بالثالثه زوايا‬
u A  cos  i  cos  j  cos  k

cos   cos   cos   1


2 2 2
Analysis of vector in 3

Given magnitude and two ‫معلوم القيمه والزوايا‬


Case 1 ‫االتجاهية‬
direction angles

Case 2
Given magnitude and two ‫معلوم القيمه نقطتين‬
points along its line of action ‫علي خط المتجه‬

Given magnitude and its line


‫معلوم القيمه وخط‬
Case 3 of action is parallel to a
‫يوازي اتجاه المتجه‬
known vector (direction):
Case 1: Given magnitude and two direction angles
z

we first determine the third F

coordinate direction 
Angle by using the relation 
O y

cos   cos   cos   1
2 2 2
x

F  F u A  F cos  i  cos  j  cos  k 


 F cos i  F cos  j  F cos  k
Position Vectors

rAB  (x B  x A )i  ( y B  y A ) j  (z B  z A )k Position Vector ‫متجه الموضع‬

rAB (x B  x A )i  ( y B  y A ) j  (z B  z A )k unit Vector


u AB   ‫الوحدة في اتجاه متجه متجه‬
rAB (x A  x B )  ( y A  y B )  (z B  z A )
2 2 2
‫الموضع‬
z
Coordinates of a point in 3D
P(x, y, z)

z
O
y
x

y
x

in three dimensional problems a coordinate


is a directed (positive or negative) distance
from a plane.
A (3, 4, 5)
y
B

2
3.5

75
2. 6 x

2
3
z

A (6, -3, 2), B (-3.5, 2, -2.75)


y

3
x
4

C 1
z

C (-1, 0, 4), D (0, 3, 0)


Case 2: Given magnitude and two points along its line of action:
B(xB, yB, zB)
A( x A , y A , z A )
B( x B , y B , z B ) F
rAB
u F  ur 
rAB
A(xA, yA, zA)
F  F ur
 ( x  x )i  ( y  y ) j  ( z  z )k 
F B A B A B A 
 ( x  x )2  ( y  y )2  ( z  z )2 
 B A B A B A 
Example 2.7

If F=2500 N. Determine (a) the


components Fx, Fy, Fz of the force acting on
the bolt, (b) the coordinate direction
angles 𝜃𝑥 , 𝜃𝑦 , 𝜃𝑧 ,
A(40, 0,  30) m B (0, 80, 0) m

F  F ur
 (x  x ) i  ( y  y ) j  (z  z ) k 
F B A B A B A 
 (x  x )2  ( y  y )2  (z  z )2 
 B A B A B A 

 (0  40) i  (80  0) j  (0  (30)) k 


 2500  
 (0  40) 2  (80  0) 2  (0  (30)) 2 
 

  40 i  80 j  30 k 
 2500  
 (40) 2  (80) 2  (30) 2 
 
 40 i  80 j  30 k 
F  2500  
 (40)2  (80)2  (30)2 
 
 40 i  80 j  30 k 
F  2500  
 94.3 
  1060 i  2120 j  795 k  N
So the components of the force vector F are
Fx  1060 N Fy  2120 N Fz  795 N
The coordinate direction angles of the Force.
Fx  1060
cos  x    x  115.1 o
F 2500
Fy 2120
cos  y    y  32 o
F 2500
Fz 795
cos  z    z  71.5 o
F 2500
Fx  1060 N Fy  2120 N Fz  795 N
F = 2500 N
Case 3: Given magnitude and its line of action is parallel to a
known vector (direction):

L
u F  u L   F  F uF   F uL
L

F F
L L

L L
u F  u L  uF  uL 
L L
Resultant Force in 3D

F1  F1x i  F1 y j  F1z k Rx   Fx
Given n Resultant
F2  F2 x i  F2 y j  F2 z k
forces Force R y   Fy

Fn  Fnx i  Fny j  Fnz k Rz   Fz

R  FR  Rx i  R y j  Rz k   F  ( Fx )i  ( Fy ) j  ( Fz )k

Magnitude R R  FR  Rx2  R y2  Rz2

Rx Ry Rz
Direction angles R cos   cos   cos  
R R R

You might also like