VB.
Net - Basic Syntax
[Link] is an object-oriented programming language. In Object-Oriented Programming
methodology, a program consists of various objects that interact with each other by means of
actions. The actions that an object may take are called methods. Objects of the same kind are said
to have the same type or, more often, are said to be in the same class.
When we consider a [Link] program, it can be defined as a collection of objects that communicate
via invoking each other's methods. Let us now briefly look into what do class, object, methods and
instance variables mean.
Object − Objects have states and behaviors. Example: A dog has states - color, name,
breed as well as behaviors - wagging, barking, eating, etc. An object is an instance of a
class.
Class − A class can be defined as a template/blueprint that describes the behaviors/states
that objects of its type support.
Methods − A method is basically a behavior. A class can contain many methods. It is in
methods where the logics are written, data is manipulated and all the actions are executed.
Instance Variables − Each object has its unique set of instance variables. An object's
state is created by the values assigned to these instance variables.
A Rectangle Class in [Link]
For example, let us consider a Rectangle object. It has attributes like length and width. Depending
upon the design, it may need ways for accepting the values of these attributes, calculating area and
displaying details.
Let us look at an implementation of a Rectangle class and discuss [Link] basic syntax on the
basis of our observations in it −
Live Demo
Imports System
Public Class Rectangle
Private length As Double
Private width As Double
'Public methods
Public Sub AcceptDetails()
length = 4.5
width = 3.5
End Sub
Public Function GetArea() As Double
GetArea = length * width
End Function
Public Sub Display()
[Link]("Length: {0}", length)
[Link]("Width: {0}", width)
[Link]("Area: {0}", GetArea())
End Sub
Shared Sub Main()
Dim r As New Rectangle()
[Link]()
[Link]()
[Link]()
End Sub
End Class
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Length: 4.5
Width: 3.5
Area: 15.75
In previous chapter, we created a Visual Basic module that held the code. Sub Main indicates the
entry point of [Link] program. Here, we are using Class that contains both code and data. You use
classes to create objects. For example, in the code, r is a Rectangle object.
An object is an instance of a class −
Dim r As New Rectangle()
A class may have members that can be accessible from outside class, if so specified. Data
members are called fields and procedure members are called methods.
Shared methods or static methods can be invoked without creating an object of the class. Instance
methods are invoked through an object of the class −
Shared Sub Main()
Dim r As New Rectangle()
[Link]()
[Link]()
[Link]()
End Sub
Identifiers
An identifier is a name used to identify a class, variable, function, or any other user-defined item.
The basic rules for naming classes in [Link] are as follows −
A name must begin with a letter that could be followed by a sequence of letters, digits (0 -
9) or underscore. The first character in an identifier cannot be a digit.
It must not contain any embedded space or symbol like ? - +! @ # % ^ & * ( ) [ ] { } . ; : " ' /
and \. However, an underscore ( _ ) can be used.
It should not be a reserved keyword.
[Link] Keywords
The following table lists the [Link] reserved keywords −
AddHandler AddressOf Alias And AndAlso As Boolean
ByRef Byte ByVal Call Case Catch CBool
CByte CChar CDate CDec CDbl Char CInt
Class CLng CObj Const Continue CSByte CShort
CSng CStr CType CUInt CULng CUShort Date
Decimal Declare Default Delegate Dim DirectCast Do
Double Each Else ElseIf End End If Enum
Erase Error Event Exit False Finally For
Friend Function Get GetType GetXML Namespace Global GoTo
Handles If Implements Imports In Inherits Integer
Interface Is IsNot Let Lib Like Long
Loop Me Mod Module MustInherit MustOverride MyBase
MyClass Namespace Narrowing New Next Not Nothing
Not Inheritable Not Overridable Object Of On Operator Option
Optional Or OrElse Overloads Overridable Overrides ParamArray
Partial Private Property Protected Public RaiseEvent ReadOnly
ReDim REM Remove Handler Resume Return SByte Select
Set Shadows Shared Short Single Static Step
Stop String Structure Sub SyncLock Then Throw
To True Try TryCast TypeOf UInteger While
Widening With WithEvents WriteOnly Xor
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