Python Hello World Startup
Uploaded by
sgrifacilitiesPython Hello World Startup
Uploaded by
sgrifacilitiesThis is a "coding" demo.
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Our First Program
A new programmer's first program by tradition: Hello, World
This Python program will print a message when executed.
"Python program" computer code written using the Python programming language
"print a message" display some text on the screen
"executed" run a program so that its instructions
are followed by the computer, line by line
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Naming the File
To write a program, put all code in a single file. For our first
program, we'll choose the filename hello_world.py
Use descriptive names for files
We use snake_case to name things in Python
Words start with lowercase letters
Words separated by underscore (_) characters
End Python files with the extension .py
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Hello, World!
Our file, hello_world.py:
print("Hello, world!")
Just one line! (The beauty of Python: simplicity.)
To run in the terminal:
write python hello_world.py
hit enter/return:
$ python hello_world.py
Hello, world!
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Printing
Printing: displaying text on screen
print() function
Whatever you put inside of the parentheses gets displayed as output.
Examples:
print("Hello, world!") prints Hello, world!.
print("So long...") prints So long....
print(" ") prints .
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Text and Strings
A string is a sequence of characters that is interpreted literally.
Surround text in quotes to create a string
Without quotes, text is interpreted as a statement
or an expression—that is, as another line of code.
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Bug: Forgetting Quotes
If we remove the quotes from hello_world.py, we have an example of buggy code:
print(Hello, world!)
Now, when run, we get an error message:
$ python hello_world.py
File "/python-book/programs/hello_world/hello_world_quoteless.py", line 1
print(Hello, world!)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
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Statements & Order of Execution
Each line of code represents a statement, which
is a full instruction to be handled by the computer.
Default program execution: top to bottom, one at a time
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Statements & Order of Execution
hello_everybody.py Output:
print("Hello to friends.") $ python hello_everybody.py
print("Hello to family.") Hello to my friends.
print("Hello to fans.") Hello to my family.
print("Hello to you.") Hello to my fans.
Hello to you.
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Comments
Use # for comments
Ignored by the computer
Doesn't influence the behavior of the program at all!
For humans: explanations, notes, TODOs
Example: Commenting hello_world.py
# This is a comment
print("Hello, world!") # Prints a message
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Reading User Input
input() function for getting text interaction
Like print(), any string placed in the parentheses will be first displayed as a prompt.
Whatever the user types is saved for later inside of name
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Reading User Input: Example
hello_input.py
print("Who would you like to say hello to?")
name = input(">")
print("Hello, ", name)
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Running hello_input.py
First execution:
$ python hello_input.py
Who would you like to say hello to?
> Agustina
Hello, Agustina
Next execution, different name:
$ python hello_input.py
Who would you like to say hello to?
> Carson
Hello, Carson
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