SHORING
LEARNING OUTCOME
Student will be able to :
Identify various types and functions of
shoring. (CO1; CO3)
Identify the suitable materials and their
advantages/disadvantages for shoring.
(CO3; CO4)
SHORING
Shoring is a temporary construction
falsework support structure applied to
a building or structure.
In this regulation it requires that all
practical precautions to be taken to
avoid danger to any person from
collapse of structure.
Common situations where shoring may
be required are :-
# To give support to walls which are dangerous or are
likely to become unstable due to subsidence, bulging or
leaning.
# To avoid failure of sound walls caused by the removal of
sub-adjacent support such as where a basement is
being constructed near to a sound wall.
# During demolition works to give support an adjacent
building or structure.
# To support the upper part of wall during formation of a
large opening in the lower section of the wall.
# To give support to a floor or roof thus enabling a
support wall to be removed and replaced with a beam.
SHORING SYSTEMS
There are three basic shoring
systems, namely:
1. Dead shoring;
2. Raking shoring;
3. Flying shoring.
DEAD SHORING
Used to support dead loads which act vertically
downwards.
It consists of a vertical prop or shore leg with a head
plate, sole plate and some means of adjustment for
tightening and basing the shore.
The usual arrangement is to use two shore legs
connected over their heads by a horizontal beam or
needle. The loads are transferred by the needle to the
shore legs and hence down to a solid bearing surface.
It may be necessary to remove paving and cut holes in
suspended timber floors to reach a suitable bearing
surface.
If a basement is encountered, third horizontal member
called a transom will be necessary since it is
impracticable to manhandle a shore leg through two
storey.
DEAD SHORE
DEAD SHORE
RAKING SHORES
It transfers the floor and wall loads to the ground
by means of sloping struts or rakers.
It is very important that the rakers are positioned
correctly so that they are capable of receiving
maximum wall and floor loads. The centre fine of the
raker should intersect with the centre lines of the
wall or floor bearing.
One raker for each floor is required and ideally
should be at an angle of between 40o and 70o with
the horizontal, therefore the number of rakers which
can be used is generally limited to three. If a four-
storey building is to be shored by this method,
therefore an extra member called a rider is added.
Raking Shore
RAKING SHORE
FLYING SHORES
Have same functions as a raking shore but have the
advantage of providing a clear working space under the
shoring.
Used between any parallel wall surfaces providing the
span is not in excess of 12.0 m, otherwise, the
arrangement would become uneconomic. Short spans up
to 9.0 m usually have a single horizontal member
whereas the large spans require two horizontal shores to
keep the section sizes within the timber range
commercially available.
It is possible with all forms of shoring to build up the
principal members from smaller sections by using bolts
and timber connectors, ensuring all butt joints are well
staggered to give adequate rigidity. This in effect is a
laminated timber construction.
FLYING SHORE
SYSTEM SHORING
The shoring materials mentioned above are mostly of timber.
Also, nowadays there are a load of system shoring which is of a
fully braced heavy duty aluminum support, capable of carrying
a higher maximum leg load capacity.
The safe axial leg load capacity of the system shoring varies,
depending on the vertical spacing of the shoring ties.
This system shoring requires a smaller work force because of
its simplicity, speed of erection, dismantling and checking of
bracing.
It also have a shoring ties with wedge fittings which provide a
rigid connection that greatly reduces the effective length of
struts formed by the standards.
Jack
Any Questions……….
Do you able to…..
•Identify various types and functions
of shoring. (CO1; CO3)
•Identify the suitable materials and
their advantages/disadvantages for
shoring. (CO3; CO4)
End of Lectures