GENERAL SCIENCE
Week 3 Activities
DAY 1:
TRANSLATIONAL AND ROTATIONAL MOTION
Objectives
Define translational and rotational motion
Identify real-life examples
Lecture Notes
What is Motion?
Motion is the change in position of an object over time.
Types of Motion
1. Translational Motion
• All parts of the object move in the same direction and speed
• Motion happens along a straight or curved path
Examples:
Walking
A car moving forward
Sliding a book on a table
2. Rotational Motion
• Object moves around a fixed axis or center
• Different parts move in circular paths
Examples:
• Electric fan blades
• Rolling wheel
• Spinning top
KEY DIFFERENCE
Translational Rotational
Moves in a straight/curved path Moves in circular path
Same motion for all parts Different speeds for different parts
✏️ Worksheet (Day 1)
A. Identification Identify if the motion is Translational (T) or Rotational (R):
1. A rolling ball
2. A moving car
3. Electric fan blades
4. A sliding box
5. A spinning top
B. Short Answer
1. Describe translational motion in your own words.
2. Give two examples of rotational motion in daily life.
Performance Task
Observe your surroundings and list 3 examples each of translational and rotational motion.
DAY 2:
LINEAR AND ANGULAR QUANTITIES
Objectives
Differentiate linear and angular quantities
Understand their units and relationships
Lecture Notes
Linear Quantities (Translational Motion)
Quantity Symbol Unit
Distance d meter (m)
Velocity v m/s
Acceleration a m/s²
Angular Quantities (Rotational Motion)
Quantity Symbol Unit
Angular displacement θ radians
Angular velocity ω rad/s
Angular acceleration α rad/s²
Relationship Between Them
v=rω
Where:
v = linear velocity
r = radius
ω = angular velocity
✏️ Worksheet (Day 2)
A. Matching Type
Match linear quantities with angular equivalents:
A B
Velocity | a. Angular acceleration
Distance | b. Angular displacement
Acceleration | c. Angular velocity
B. Problem Solving
1. If a wheel has radius 0.5 m and angular velocity 10 rad/s, find linear velocity.
2. What happens to linear velocity if radius increases?
Activity
Use a stick or pencil and rotate it:
1. Observe the tip and center
2. Describe differences in movement
DAY 3:
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LINEAR AND ROTATIONAL MOTION
Objectives
• Explain how linear and angular motion are related
• Observe this in physical activities
Lecture Notes
Circular Motion
• A rotating object has both:
o Angular motion → turning
o Linear motion → movement along the circle
Important Concepts
Radius (r)
• Distance from center of rotation
Tangential Velocity
• Direction of motion along the circle
• Always tangent to circular path
Key Observations
• The farther from the center → the faster the linear speed
• All points have the same angular velocity
Example
A spinning dancer:
• Body rotates → same angular speed
• Arms move faster → greater radius
Key Idea:
Linear motion depends on distance from the axis.
✏️ Worksheet (Day 3)
A. Fill in the Blanks
1. Linear velocity depends on ______ and ______.
2. The farther from the axis, the ______ the speed.
B. Analysis Question
1. Why do outer parts of a wheel move faster than inner parts?
Activity (Human Movement)
Perform:
• Arm rotation
• Body spin
Answer:
1. Which part moved fastest?
2. Why?
DAY 4:
APPLICATIONS IN HUMAN MOVEMENT
Objectives
• Apply motion concepts to physical activities
• Understand efficiency in movement
Lecture Notes
Human Movement Examples
Exercise
• Jump rope → rotational (rope) + translational (jump)
Dance
• Spins → rotational
• Steps → translational
Gymnastics
• Somersault → rotational
• Running → translational
Why is This Important?
• Helps improve:
o Balance
o Coordination
o Speed
Key Concept: Conservation of Motion
Athletes spin faster by:
• Pulling arms inward
• Reducing radius
This increases angular speed
Real-Life Example
Figure skaters spin faster when arms are tucked in.
Key Idea:
Body position affects rotational motion.
✏️ Worksheet (Day 4)
A. Identification
Identify type of motion involved:
1. Jumping rope
2. Running
3. Spinning in dance
4. Cycling
B. Reflection
Why do athletes tuck their bodies when spinning?
Performance Task
Create a short movement routine (dance/exercise) and identify:
1. Translational motion parts
2. Rotational motion parts
DAY 5:
APPLICATIONS IN ERGONOMIC DESIGN
Objectives
• Apply motion concepts in design
• Explain practical uses in everyday objects
Lecture Notes
What is Ergonomics?
Designing objects to improve:
• Safety
• Comfort
• Efficiency
Applications of Motion in Design
Vehicles
• Wheels rotate → rotational motion
• Car moves forward → translational motion
Furniture
• Rolling chairs combine both motions
• Hinged doors rotate
Buildings
• Revolving doors
• Elevators (translational)
Toys
• Spinning tops
• Toy cars
Why is This Important?
Understanding motion helps:
• Design safer structures
• Improve functionality
• Reduce effort and fatigue
Key Concept:
Designers use motion principles to maximize efficiency.
Key Idea:
Science concepts are applied in everyday life.
OVERALL SUMMARY
• Translational motion = straight movement
• Rotational motion = spinning movement
• Linear and angular quantities are related
• Both motions are present in real-life activities and designs
✏️ Worksheet (Day 5)
A. Case Study
Explain the motion involved in:
1. Ceiling fan
2. Car tires
3. Office chair
B. Design Thinking
• Design a simple object (e.g., chair, toy)
Identify:
1. Translational motion
2. Rotational motion
3. Usefulness of both
Culminating Task
Create a mini-poster or drawing showing: