Appendix II List of Decisions Cited

[Editor Note: Opinions of the Patent Trial Abbott Labs. v. Syntron Bioreseach, Inc.,
and Appeal Board or its predecessor 334 F.3d 1343, 67 USPQ2d 1337 (Fed.
organizations (Board) made available to Cir. 2003) ......................................................... 2286
the public after the Board first published AbbVie Duetschland GmbH & Co., KG v.
Standard Operating Procedure 2 in 1994 Janssen Biotech, Inc., 759 F.3d 1285, 111
(addressing the publication of Board USPQ2d 1780 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .....
opinions and the designation of such 2163, 2163.05
opinions as precedential) that (1)
expressly indicate that the opinion is AbbVie Inc. v. Kennedy Institute of
binding precedent of the Board or (2) are Rheumatology Trust, 764 F.3d 1366, 112
identified as binding precedent on the USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .... 804,
Board’s Precedential opinion website 804.02
([Link]/patents-application-process/appealing Abele, In re, 684 F.2d 902, 214 USPQ 682
-patent-decisions/decisions-and-opinions/precedential) (CCPA 1982) ............................ 2106.04(a)(2), 2184
are precedential and binding authority. Acceleration Bay, LLC v. Activision
Prior to 1994, a decision by the Board Blizzard Inc., 908 F.3d 765, USPQ2d
was considered binding on panels of the 1507 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .................................. 2128.01
Board only if the opinion was authorized
by the Board to be published. See Ex Accenture Global Services v. Guidewire
parte Holt, 19 USPQ2d 1211 ([Link]. Software, Inc., 728 F.3d 1336, 108
App. & Int. 1991).] ..................................................... USPQ2d 1173 (Fed. Cir. 2013) .....
2106.04(a)(2)
Editor Note: When possible, parallel
citations to the United States Reports or ACCO Brands Corp. v. Fellowes, Inc., 813
Federal Reporter and the United States F.3d 1361, 117 USPQ2d 1951 (Fed. Cir.
Patent Quarterly (USPQ) are provided 2016) ................................................................ 2142
and include pinpoint pages, if Ackermann, In re, 444 F.2d 1172, 170
appropriate. However, decisions of the USPQ 340 (CCPA 1971) .................................. 2190
U.S. Supreme Court and the U.S. Court Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. v. Roxane Lab.,
of Appeals for the Federal Circuit Inc., 903 F.3d 1310, 128 USPQ2d 1001
published after July 11, 2022, no longer (Fed. Cir. 2018) ........................................... 2143.02
contain a pinpoint page for the USPQ
citations. ..................................................................... Actelion Pharm. v. Matal, 881 F.3d 1339,
125 USPQ2d 1585 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .....
A, Ex parte, 17 USPQ2d 1716 (Bd. Pat. 2731
App. & Inter. 1990) ..... 716.02(a),
2131.02 Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd v. Mylan
Pharmaceuticals Inc., 85 F.4th 1167,
Abacab International Computers Ltd., In re, 2023 USPQ2d 1314 (Fed. Cir. 2023) ....
21 USPQ2d 1078 (Comm’r Pat. 1987) 2111.01, 2131.01, 2141
................................................................... 323.01(b)
Adapt Pharma Operations Ltd. v. Teva
Abbott Diabetes Care Inc., In re, 696 F.3d Pharms. USA, Inc., 25 F.4th 1354, 2022
1142, 104 USPQ2d 1337 (Fed. Cir. 2012) USPQ2d 144 (Fed. Cir. 2022) ......................... 2141
...................................................................... 2111.01
Adler v. Kluver, 159 USPQ 511 (Bd. Pat.
Abbott Laboratories v. Baxter Inter. 1968) .................................................... 715.05
Pharmaceutical Products Inc., 334 F.3d
1274, 67 USPQ2d 1191 (Fed. Cir. 2003) Aelony v. Arni, 547 F.2d 566, 192 USPQ
........................... 803.02, 2111.03, 2117, 2173.05(h) 486 (CCPA 1977) ......................... 2155.06, 2301.03

Abbott Laboratories v. Geneva AFG Industries, Inc. v. Cardinal IG

Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 182 F.3d 1315, 51 Company, Inc., 239 F.3d 1239, 57
USPQ2d 1307 (Fed. Cir. 1999) ..... USPQ2d 1776 (Fed. Cir. 2001) .....
2112,2133.03(c) 2111.03

Abbott Labs. v. Sandoz, Inc., 544 F.3d A.F. Stoddard & Co. v. Dann, 564 F.2d 556,
1341, 89 USPQ2d 1161 (Fed. Cir. 2008) 195 USPQ 97 (D.C. Cir. 1977) .....
........................................................................... 2143 1412.04

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Affidavit Filed After Final Rejection, In re, Alcon Laboratories Inc., In re, 13 USPQ2d
152 USPQ 292, 1966 C.D. 53 (Comm’r 1115 (Comm’r Pat. & Tm. 1989) .....
Pat. 1966) ......................................................... 2265 2751, 2755.01
Affinity Labs of Tex. v. [Link], 838 Alice Corp. Pty. Ltd. v. CLS Bank Int'l, 573
F.3d 1266, 120 USPQ2d 1210 (Fed. Cir. U.S. 208, 110 USPQ2d 1976 (2014) .....
2016) ................................... 2106.05(a), 2106.07(a) 2104, 2106, 2106.04, 2106.04(a)(1),
Affinity Labs of Tex. v. DirecTV, LLC, 838 2106.04(a)(2), 2106.04(d), 2106.05,
F.3d 1253, 120 USPQ2d 1201 (Fed. Cir. 2106.05(a), 2106.05(b), 2106.05(d),
2016) ..... 2106.05(a), 2106.05(f), 2106.05(e), 2106.05(f), 2106.07(b)
2106.05(h) Allen, Ex parte, 2 USPQ2d 1425 (Bd. Pat.
Agilent Techs., Inc. v. Affymetrix, Inc., 567 App. & Inter. 1987) .......................................... 2105
F.3d 1366, 91 USPQ2d 1161 (Fed. Cir. Allen Eng’g Corp. v. Bartell Indus., Inc.,
2009) ........................................ 2301.03, 2304.02(d) 299 F.3d 1336, 63 USPQ2d 1769 (Fed.
Agrizap, Inc. v. Woodstream Corp., 520 Cir. 2002) ..... 2133.03(e),
F.3d 1337, 86 USPQ2d 1110 (Fed. Cir. 2133.03(e)(4)
2008) ........................................................ 804, 2143 Allen & Hansbury Ltd., In re, 227 USPQ
Ahlert, In re, 424 F.2d 1088, 165 USPQ 418 955 (Comm’r Pat. & Tm. 1985) .....
(CCPA 1970) ........................... 1207.03(a), 2144.03 2756

Ahrens v. Grey, 1931 C.D. 9, 402 O.G. 261 Aller, In re, 220 F.2d 454, 105 USPQ 233
(Bd. App. 1929) ............................................ 213.03 (CCPA 1955) ............................................... 2144.05

Airbus S.A.S. v. Firepass Corp., 941 F.3d Allergan, Inc. v. Sandoz Inc., 796 F.3d
1374, 2019 USPQ2d 430083 (Fed. Cir. 1293, 115 USPQ2d 2012 (Fed. Cir. 2015)
2019) ....................................................... 2141.01(a) ....................................................... 2144.05, 2164.02

Ajinomoto Co. v. Archer-Daniels-Midland Allied Erecting v. Genesis Attachments, 825

Co., 228 F.3d 1338, 56 USPQ2d 1332 F.3d 1373, 119 USPQ2d 1132 (Fed. Cir.
(Fed. Cir. 2000), cert. denied, 121 [Link] 2016) ........................................... 2141.02, 2143.01
1957 (2001) ...................................................... 2402 AllVoice Computing PLC v. Nuance
AK Steel Corp. v. Sollac, 344 F.3d 1234, Commc’ns, Inc., 504 F.3d 1236, 84
68 USPQ2d 1280 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ..... USPQ2d 1886 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ........................ 2181
2111.03, 2161.01, 2163, 2164.08 Alpert v. Slatin, 305 F.2d 891, 134 USPQ
Akeva LLC v. Nike, Inc., 817 Fed. Appx. 296 (CCPA 1962) ........................................ 2138.04
1005, 2020 USPQ2d 10797 (Fed. Cir. Al-Site Corp. v. VSI International Inc., 174
2020) ................................................................ 2163 F.3d 1308, 50 USPQ2d 1161 (Fed. Cir.
Akron Brass Co. v. Elkhart Brass Mfg. Co., 1999) ..................................................... 2181, 2183
Inc., 353 F.2d 704, 147 USPQ 301 (7th Altana Pharma AG v. Teva Pharm. USA,
Cir. 1965) ........................................... 2133.03(e)(1) Inc., 566 F.3d 999, 91 USPQ2d 1018
Aktiebolaget Astra v. Lehman, 71 F.3d (Fed. Cir. 2009) ................................................ 2143
1578, 37 USPQ2d 1212 (Fed. Cir. 1995) Altiris Inc. v. Symantec Corp., 318 F.3d
........................................................................... 2757 1363, 65 USPQ2d 1865 (Fed. Cir. 2003)
Akzo N.V. v. International Trade Comm’n, ............................................................ 2111.01, 2181
808 F.2d 1471, 1 USPQ2d 1241 (Fed. Alton, In re, 76 F.3d 1168, 37 USPQ2d
Cir. 1986) .................................................... 2131.02 1578 (Fed. Cir. 1996) ..... 1504.04,
Alappat, In re, 33 F.3d 1526, 31 USPQ2d 2145, 2163,2163.04, 2164.05
1545 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ..... 2106, Altoona Publix Theatres v. American
2106.05(a) Tri-Ergon Corp., 294 U.S. 477, 24 USPQ
Albertson, In re, 332 F.2d 379, 141 USPQ 308 (1935) ........................................................ 1490
730 (CCPA 1964) ........................................ 2116.01 ALZA Corp. v. Andrx Pharms., LLC, 603
Albrecht, In re, 514 F.2d 1389, 185 USPQ F.3d 935, 94 USPQ2d 1823 (Fed. Cir.
585 (CCPA 1975) ... 2144.08, 2144.09, 2010) ........................................................... 2161.01
2145

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Alza Corp. v. Mylan Laboratories, Inc., 464 Amos, In re, 953 F.2d 613, 21 USPQ2d
F.3d 1286, 80 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 1271 (Fed. Cir. 1991) .................................. 1412.01
2006) ................................................................ 2143 Amp, In re, 212 USPQ 826 (Comm’r Pat.
Am. Acad. of Sci. Tech. Ctr., In re, 367 F.3d 1981) ................................................................ 2225
1359, 70 USPQ2d 1827 (Fed. Cir. 2004) Amphenol Corp. v. Gen’l Time Corp., 397
..................................... 804, 2111, 2111.01, 2173.01 F.2d 431, 158 USPQ 113 (7th Cir. 1968)
[Link] v. [Link], 73 ............................................................ 2133.03(e)(1)
F. Supp. 2d 1228, 53 USPQ2d 1115 Anchor Hocking Corp. v. Eyelet Specialty
(W.D. Wash. 1999) .......................................... 2128 Co., 377 F. Supp 98, 183 USPQ 87 (D.
Amdocs (Israel) Ltd. v. Openet Telecom, Del. 1974) ................................................... 1504.06
Inc., 841 F.3d 1288, 120 USPQ2d 1527 Anderson, Ex parte, 21 USPQ2d 1241 (Bd.
(Fed. Cir. 2016) ..... 2106, 2106.04(a), Pat. App. & Inter. 1991) ......................... 2173.05(b)
2106.05(a), 2106.05(d)
Anderson, In re, 471 F.2d 1237, 176 USPQ
American Infra-Red Radiant Co. v. Lambert 331 (CCPA 1973) .............................. 2163.07, 2181
Indus., 360 F.2d 977, 149 USPQ 722 (8th
Cir. 1966) .................................................... 2135.01 Anderson, In re, 1997 U.S. App. Lexis 167
(Fed. Cir. January 6, 1997) .......................... 2173.03
American Hoist & Derrick Co. v. Sowa &
Sons, Inc., 725 F.2d 1350, 220 USPQ 763 Anderson’s-Black Rock, Inc. v. Pavement
(Fed. Cir. 1984) ........................................ 410, 2141 Salvage Co., 396 U.S. 57, 163 USPQ 673
(1969) ..... 716.01(a), 2141, 2143,
American Seating Co. v. USSC Group, Inc., 2143.01
514 F.3d 1262, 85 USPQ2d 1683 (Fed.
Cir. 2008) ................................................ 2152.02(c) Anderson v. Crowther, 152 USPQ 504 (Bd.
Pat. Inter. 1965) ........................................... 2138.06
Amgen Inc. v. Amneal Pharmaceuticals
LLC, 945 F.3d 1368, 2020 USPQ2d 3197 Andresen, Ex parte, 212 USPQ 100 (Bd.
(Fed. Cir. 2020) ................................ 2111.03, 2117 Pat. App. & Inter. 1981) ... 2004, 2137,
2141.01
Amgen, Inc. v. Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.,
927 F.2d 1200, 18 USPQ2d 1016 (Fed. Andrew Corp. v. Gabriel Electronics, 847
Cir. 1991) ..... 2138, 2138.04, 2143.02, F.2d 819, 6 USPQ2d 2010 (Fed. Cir.
2163, 2163.02, 2164.08, 2165.04, 1988) ....................................................... 2173.05(b)
2173.05(b) Angiotech Pharms. Inc. v. Lee, 191 F. Supp.
Amgen, Inc. v. Hoechst Marion Roussel, 3d 509 (E.D. Va. 2016) .................................... 2751
Inc., 126 F. Supp. 2d 69, 57 USPQ2d Angstadt, In re, 537 F.2d 498, 190 USPQ
1449 (D. Mass. 2001) .................................... 706.04 214 (CCPA 1976) ... 2164.01, 2164.06,
Amgen Inc. v. F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd., 2164.08(b)
580 F.3d 1340, 92 USPQ2d 1289 (Fed. Antares Pharma Inc. v. Medac Pharma Inc.
Cir. 2009) .......................................... 1481.03, 2113 and Medac GMBH, 771 F.3d 1354, 112
Amgen v. Sanofi, 872 F.3d 1367, 124 USPQ2d 1865 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .....
USPQ2d 1354 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ..... 1412.01
804.03, 2124, 2136.03, 2163 Anthony, Ex parte, 230 USPQ 467 (Bd.
Amgen Inc. v. Sanofi, Aventisub LLC, 987 App. 1982), aff’d 770 F.2d 182 (Fed. Cir.
F.3d 1080, 2021 USPQ2d 169 (Fed. Cir. 1985) (table) ..................................................... 1490
2021) ........................................ 2164.01(a), 2164.06 Anthony, In re, 414 F. 2d 1383, 162 USPQ
Amgen Inc. et al. v. Sanofi et al., 598 U.S. 594 (CCPA 1969) ......................... 2107.01, 2107.03
594, 143 S. Ct. 1243, 215 L. Ed. 2d 537, Antonie, In re, 559 F.2d 618, 195 USPQ 6
2023 U.S.P.Q.2d 602 (2023) ..... (CCPA 1977) ................................ 2141.02, 2144.05
2164.01, 2164.01(a), 2164.02, 2164.06, Antor Media Corp., In re, 689 F.3d 1282,
2164.08 103 USPQ2d 1555 (Fed. Cir. 2012) .....
Amini Innovation Corp. v. Anthony 2121
California Inc., 439 F.3d 1365, 78 Aoyama, In re, 656 F.3d 1293, 99 USPQ2d
USPQ2d 1147 (Fed. Cir. 2006) ..... 1936 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ..... 2103, 2181,
1504.02 2185

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Apex Inc. v. Raritan Computer, Inc., 325 Ariad Pharms., Inc. v. Eli Lilly & Co., 598
F.3d 1364, 66 USPQ2d 1444 (Fed. Cir. F.3d 1336, 94 USPQ2d 1161 (Fed. Cir.
2003) ................................................................ 2181 2010) ... 1504.04, 2161, 2161.01, 2163,
Apotex v. UCB, Inc., 763 F.3d 1354, 112 2163.03, 2173.05(g), 2181
USPQ2d 1081 (Fed. Cir. 2014) ........................ 2004 Ariad Pharm. Inc v. Matal, 283 F. Supp. 3d
Appeal, Decided 9/3/68, Ex parte, 866 O.G. 503 (E.D. Va. 2018) ......................................... 2731
16 (Bd. App. 1968) ...................................... 1504.02 Ariosa Diagnostics, Inc. v. Sequenom, Inc.,
Appeal No 239-48, 151 USPQ 711, 1966 788 F.3d 1371, 115 USPQ2d 1152 (Fed.
C.D. 22, 833 O.G. 10 (Bd. App. 1965) Cir. 2015) ..... 2106.04, 2106.04(a)(1),
...................................................................... 1504.02 2106.04(b), 2106.04(c), 2106.07(b)

Appeal No. 242-47, Ex parte, 196 USPQ Aristocrat Technologies Australia PTY Ltd.
828 (Bd. App. 1976) .................................... 2135.01 v. International Game Technology, 521
F.3d 1328, 86 USPQ2d 1235 (Fed. Cir.
Appeal No. 315-40, Ex Parte, 152 USPQ 2008) ...................................................... 2163, 2181
71 (Bd. App. 1965) ...................................... 1504.05
Aristocrat Technologies Australia Pty Ltd.
Apple, Inc. v. Ameranth, Inc., 842 F.3d v. International Game Technology, 543
1229, 120 USPQ2d 1844 (Fed. Cir. 2016) F.3d 657, 88 USPQ2d 1458 (Fed. Cir.
..... 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(a), 2008) ................................................................ 2268
2106.05(d), 2106.05(f), 2106.05(g),
2106.07(a) Armbruster, In re, 512 F. 2d 676, 185 USPQ
152 (CCPA 1975) ..... 608.01(b), 2161,
Apple Inc. v. Corephotonics, Ltd., 81 F.4th 2181
1353, 2023 USPQ2d 1056 (Fed. Cir.
2023) ........................................................... 2111.01 Armour & Co. v. Swift & Co., 466 F.2d
767, 175 USPQ 70 (7th Cir. 1972) .....
Apple Inc. v. Samsung Elecs. Co., 786 F.3d 2001.06(b)
983, 114 USPQ2d 1953 (Fed. Cir. 2015)
...................................................................... 1504.02 Armstrong, In re, 280 F.2d 132, 126 USPQ
281 (CCPA 1960) ..................................... 716.02(e)
Apple Inc. v. Samsung Elecs. Co., 839 F.3d
1034, 120 USPQ2d 1400 (Fed. Cir. 2016) Arnold Partnership v. Dudas, 362 F.3d
........................................................................... 2141 1338, 70 USPQ2d 1311 (Fed. Cir. 2004)
........................................................................... 2751
Application Filed Nov. 16, 1945, In re, 89
USPQ 280, 1951 C.D. 1, 646 O.G. 5 Arnott, In re, 19 USPQ2d 1049 (Comm’r
(Comm’r Pat. 1951) .................................. 904.01(a) Pat. 1991) ............................................... 1481, 1490

Application of Takao, 17 USPQ2d 1155 ArQule v. Kappos, 793 F. Supp. 2d 214

(Comm’r Pat. 1990) .................................. 711.03(c) (D.D.C. 2011) ........................................ 2732, 2734

Application Papers Filed Sept. 10, 1954, In Arunachalam, In re, 709 Fed. Appx. 699
re, 108 USPQ 340 (Comm’r Pat. 1955) (Fed. Cir. 2017)(nonprecedential) .....
................................................................... 409.03(c) 2259

Applied Materials Inc. v. Advanced Arzberger, In re, 112 F.2d 834, 46 USPQ
Semiconductor Materials, 98 F.3d 1563, 32 (CCPA 1940) ............................................... 1601
40 USPQ2d 1481 (Fed. Cir. 1996) ..... Asahi/America Inc., In re, 68 F.3d 442, 37
804.01, 804.02, 804.04 USPQ2d 1204 (Fed. Cir. 1995) .....
Applied Materials Inc. v. Gemini Research 715.07
Corp., 835 F.2d 279, 15 USPQ2d 1816 Asano, Ex parte, 201 USPQ 315 (Bd. Pat.
(Fed. Cir. 1988) ........................................... 2136.05 App. & Inter. 1978) .................................... 1503.02
Arendi v. Apple, 832 F.3d 1355, 119 Ashland Oil, Inc. v. Delta Resins &
USPQ2d 1822 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ..... Refractories, Inc., 776 F.2d 281, 227
2141, 2143, 2144.03, 2144.05 USPQ 657 (Fed. Cir. 1985) .....
Argoudelis, Ex parte, 157 USPQ 437 (Bd. 716.01(b), 716.01(c), 2145
App. 1967) .................................................. 1214.03 Aslanian, In re, 590 F.2d 911, 200 USPQ
Argoudelis, In re, 434 F.2d 1390, 168 USPQ 500 (CCPA 1979) ............................................. 2125
99 (CCPA 1970) ..... 2164.06, Association for Molecular Pathology v.
2164.06(a), 2402 Myriad Genetics, Inc., 569 U.S. 576, 106

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USPQ2d 1972 (2013) ..... 2104, 2105, Badger, Ex parte, 1901 C.D. 195, 97 O.G.
2106, 2106.04, 2106.04(b), 2106.04(c) 1596 (Comm’r Pat. 1901) ......................... 608.02(f)
Atlantic Thermoplastics Co. v. Faytex Bager, In re, 47 F.2d 951, 8 USPQ 484
Corp., 970 F.2d 834, 23 USPQ2d 1481 (CCPA 1931) ............................................... 2121.04
(Fed. Cir. 1992) ..... 2133.03(b), Baird, In re, 16 F.3d 380, 29 USPQ2d 1550
2133.03(c) (Fed. Cir. 1994) ..... 2144.05, 2144.08,
Atlas Powder Co. v. E.I. duPont de 2163
Nemours & Co., 750 F.2d 1569, 224 Baker Hughes, Inc. v. Kirk, 921 F. Supp.
USPQ 409 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ... 2111.03, 801, 38 USPQ2d 1885 (D.D.C. 1995) ....
2164.01, 2164.02, 2164.08(b) 1410.02, 1412.04
Atlas Powder Co. v. IRECO, Inc., 190 F.3d Ball Aerosol v. Ltd. Brands, 555 F.3d 984,
1342, 51 USPQ2d 1943 (Fed. Cir. 1999) 89 USPQ2d 1870 (Fed. Cir. 2009) .....
............................................. 2112, 2131.01, 2131.05 2143
Atmel Corp. v. Information Storage Devices Ball Corp., In re, 925 F.2d 1480, 18
Inc., 198 F.3d 1374, 53 USPQ2d 1225 USPQ2d 1491 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ........................ 2145
(Fed. Cir. 1999) ..................................... 2163, 2181
Ball Corp. v. United States, 729 F.2d 1429,
Atofina v. Great Lakes Chemical Corp, 441 221 USPQ 289 (Fed. Cir. 1984) .....
F.3d 991, 78 USPQ2d 1417 (Fed. Cir. 1412.02, 1490
2006) .......................................................... 2131.03
Balzarini, Ex parte, 21 USPQ2d 1892 (Bd.
Attig, Ex parte, 7 USPQ2d 1092 (Bd. Pat. Pat. App. & Inter. 1991) .............................. 2107.03
App. & Inter. 1986) ................................ 2173.05(b)
Bancorp Services., L.L.C. v. Sun Life
Auto. Techs. Int’l, Inc. v. BMW of N. Assurance Co. of Canada (U.S.), 687
Am.,Inc., 501 F.3d 1274, 84 USPQ2d F.3d 1266, 103 USPQ2d 1425 (Fed. Cir.
1108 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ..... 2161.01, 2012) ..... 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(d),
2164.06(a) 2106.05(g)
Autogiro Co. of America v. United States, Bandel, In re, 348 F.2d 563, 146 USPQ 389
384 F.2d 391,155 USPQ 697 (Ct. Cl. (CCPA 1965) ...................................................... 715
1967) ............................................................... 2163
Baran v. Medical Device Techs., Inc., 616
Aventis Pharma S.A. v. Hospira, Inc., 675 F.3d 1309, 96 USPQ2d 1057 (Fed. Cir.
F.3d 1324, 102 USPQ2d 1445 (Fed. Cir. 2010) ................................................................ 2181
2012) ................................................................ 2141
Barber, Ex parte, 187 USPQ 244 (Bd. App.
Avanir Pharm. v. Kappos, No. 1:12cv69 1974) ....................................................... 2173.05(j)
(E.D. Va. March 21, 2012) ............................... 2751
Barber, In re, 81 F.2d 231, 28 USPQ 187
Aventis Pharma Deutschland v. Lupin Ltd., (CCPA 1936) ...................................................... 804
499 F.3d 1293, 84 USPQ2d 1197 (Fed.
Cir. 2007) .......................................... 2143, 2144.09 Barker, In re, 559 F.2d 588, 194 USPQ 470
(CCPA 1977) .......................................... 2161, 2163
Avia Group International, Inc. v. L.A. Gear
California, Inc., 853 F.2d 1557, 7 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG v.
USPQ2d 1548 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ..... Murata Mach., Ltd., 731 F.2d 831, 221
1504.01(c), 1504.03 USPQ 561 (Fed. Cir. 1984) .....
2133.03(b)
Axonics, Inc. v. Medtronic, Inc., 73 F.4th
950, 2023 USPQ2d 795 (Fed. Cir. 2023) Barr, In re, 444 F.2d 588, 170 USPQ 330
....................................................... 2143.01, 2143.03 (CCPA 1971) ..... 2173.05(a),
2173.05(g), 2173.05(i)
Ayers, Ex parte, 108 USPQ 444 (Bd. App.
1955) ......................................................... 608.04(a) Bartfeld, Ex parte, 16 USPQ2d 1714 (Bd.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1990) .............................. 2136.01
Azar v. Burns, 188 USPQ 601 (Bd. Pat.
Inter. 1975) .................................................. 2138.05 Bartfeld, In re, 925 F.2d 1450, 17 USPQ2d
1885 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ..... 804, 804.03,
B/E Aerospace, Inc. v. C&D Zodiac, Inc., 2136.01, 2136.05, 2136.05(a), 2139.03,
962 F.3d 1373, 2020 USPQ2d 10706 2141.01, 2152.07
(Fed. Cir. 2020) ................................................ 2143

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Basell Poliolefine, In re, 547 F.3d 1371, 89 Beattie, In re, 974 F.2d 1309, 24 USPQ2d
USPQ2d 1030 (Fed. Cir. 2008) ......................... 804 1040 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ..... 716.01(c),
Basmadjian v. Landry, 54 USPQ2d 1617 2145
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1997) ........................... 2305 Beck, In re, 155 F.2d 398, 69 USPQ 520
Bass, In re, 314 F.3d 575, 65 USPQ2d 1156 (CCPA 1946) ............................................ 715.01(b)
(Fed. Cir. 2002) ........................................... 2258.01 Becket, In re, 88 F.2d 684, 33 USPQ 33
Bass, In re, 474 F.2d 1276, 177 USPQ 178 (CCPA 1937) ............................................... 2144.05
(CCPA 1973) ........................... 2004, 2138, 2138.03 Beckman Instruments v. LKB Produkter
Bauman, In re, 683 F.2d 405, 214 USPQ AB, 892 F.2d 1547, 13 USPQ2d 1301
585 (CCPA 1982) ............................................. 1451 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ................................. 2121.01, 2158

BASCOM Global Internet v. AT&T Becton, Dickinson & Co. v. Baxter Corp.
Mobility, LLC, 827 F.3d 1341, 119 Englewood, 998 F.3d 1337, 2021
USPQ2d 1236 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ..... USPQ2d 586 (Fed. Cir. 2021) ......................... 2136
2106.04, 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.04(d)(1), Beech Aircraft Corp. v. EDO Corp., 990
2106.05, 2106.05(a), 2106.05(d), F.2d 1237, 26 USPQ2d 1572 (Fed. Cir.
2106.05(e), 2106.05(f), 2106.06(b) 1993) ....................................................... 301, 2109
Bausch & Lomb v. Beik, Ex parte, 161 USPQ 795 (Bd. App.
Barnes-Hind/Hydrocurve, Inc., 796 F.2d 1968) ........................................................... 2135.01
443, 230 USPQ 416 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ..... Beineke, In re, 690 F.3d 1344, 103 USPQ2d
2141.02 1872 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ....................................... 1601
Baxalta Inc. v Genentech, Inc., 81 F.4th Belcher Pharms., LLC v. Hospira, Inc., 11
1362, 2023 USPQ2d 1103 (Fed. Cir. F.4th 1345, 2021 USPQ2d 909 (Fed. Cir.
2023) .......................................................... 2164.01 2021) ............................................. 2001.06(e), 2004
Baxter Diagnostics v. AVL Scientific Corp., Belkin Int'l, Inc. v. Kappos, 696 F.3d 1379,
798 F. Supp. 612, 25 USPQ2d 1428 104 USPQ2d 1348 (Fed. Cir. 2012) .....
(C.D., Cal. 1992) ............................................. 2751 2248
Baxter, In re, 656 F.2d 679, 210 USPQ 795 Bell Communications Research, Inc. v.
(CCPA 1981) ............................................... 2111.03 Vitalink Communications Corp., 55 F.3d
Baxter International Inc., In re, 678 F.3d 615, 34 USPQ2d 1816 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
1357, 102 USPQ2d 1925 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ............................................................ 2111.02, 2163
................................................................. 2242, 2286 Bell, In re, 991 F.2d 781, 26 USPQ2d 1529
Baxter Travenol Labs., In re, 952 F.2d 388, (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 2144.08, 2144.09,
21 USPQ2d 1281 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ..... 2163
2131.01, 2145 B.E. Meyers & Co. v. United States, 56
Bayer AG and Bayer Corporation v. USPQ2d 1110 (Fed. Cl. 2000) .....
Carlsbad Technology Inc., 298 F.3d 1412.01
1377, 64 USPQ2d 1045 (Fed. Cir. 2002) Benger Labs. Ltd. v. R.K. Laros Co., 209
........................................................................... 2701 F. Supp. 639, 135 USPQ 11 (E.D. Pa.
Bayer AG v. Housey Pharm., Inc., 340 F.3d 1962) ................................................................ 2165
1367, 68 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 2003) Benke, Ex parte, 1904 C.D. 63, 108 O.G.
............................................................ 2106.04(a)(1) 1588 (Comm’r Pat. 1904) ............................. 811.02
Bayer, In re, 568 F.2d 1357, 196 USPQ 670 Bennage v. Phillippi, 1876 C.D. 135, 9 O.G.
(CCPA 1978) ........................... 2128.01, 2152.02(e) 1159 (Comm’r Pat. 1876) .....
Bayer Schering Pharma A.G. v. Barr Labs., 1504.01(d)
Inc., 575 F.3d 1341, 91 USPQ2d 1569 Bennett, In re, 766 F.2d 524, 226 USPQ 413
(Fed. Cir. 2009) ................................................ 2143 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ................................. 1403, 1412.03
Bayles, Ex parte, 176 O.G. 750 (Comm’r Benno, In re, 768 F.2d 1340, 226 USPQ 683
Pat. 1912) ......................................................... 1460 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ................................. 2163, 2163.06
B. Braun Medical, Inc. v. Abbott Labs., 124 Berg, In re, 140 F.3d 1428, 46 USPQ2d
F.3d 1419, 43 USPQ2d 1896 (Fed. Cir. 1226 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ............................... 804, 1451
1997) ............................................ 2163, 2181, 2182

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Berg, In re, 320 F.3d 1310, 65 USPQ2d 2106.05, 2106.05(b), 2106.05(c),

2003 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ....................................... 2141 2106.05(e), 2106.05(g), 2106.05(h)
Bergel, In re, 292 F.2d 955, 130 USPQ 206 Bindra v. Kelly, 206 USPQ 570 (Bd. Pat.
(1961) ............................................................... 2141 Inter. 1979) .................................................. 2138.05
Bergen, In re, 120 F.2d 329, 49 USPQ 749 Biogen Int’l GmbH v. Banner Life Scis.
(CCPA 1941) ............................................... 2144.05 LLC, 956 F.3d 1351, 2020 USPQ2d
Berger, In re, 279 F.3d 975, 61 USPQ2d 10385 (Fed. Cir. 2020) ........................... 2750, 2751
1523 (Fed. Cir. 2002) .............................. 2304.02(c) Biogen MA Inc. v. EMD Serono, Inc., 976
Bergstrom, In re, 427 F.2d 1394, 166 USPQ F.3d 1326, 2020 USPQ2d 11129 (Fed.
256 (CCPA 1970) ........................................ 2144.04 Cir. 2020) ........................................................ 2113

Berkman, In re, 642 F.2d 427, 209 USPQ Biomedino, LLC v. Waters Technologies
45 (CCPA 1981) ........................... 1504.04, 1504.20 Corp., 490 F.3d 946, 83 USPQ2d 1118
(Fed. Cir. 2007) ...................................... 2163, 2181
Berman v. Housey, 291 F.3d 1345, 63
USPQ2d 1023 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ........................ 2303 Bird Provision Co. v. Owens Country
Sausage, Inc., 568 F.2d 369, 197 USPQ
Bernhardt, L.L.C. v. Collezione Europa 134 (5th Cir. 1978) ................................. 2133.03(a)
USA, Inc., 386 F.3d 1371, 72 USPQ2d
1901 (Fed. Cir. 2004) .............................. 2133.03(a) Birmingham v. Randall, 171 F.2d 957, 80
USPQ 371 (CCPA 1948) ............................. 2138.05
Bernhart, In re, 417 F.2d 1395, 163 USPQ
611 (CCPA 1969) .................................... 2173.05(j) Blackboard, Inc. v. Desire2Learn, Inc., 574
F.3d 1371, 91 USPQ2d 1481 (Fed. Cir.
Berry Sterling Corp. v. Pescor Plastics Inc., 2009) ................................................................ 2181
122 F.3d 1452, 43 USPQ2d 1953 (Fed.
Cir. 1997) ................................................ 1504.01(c) Black & Decker, Inc. v. Pittway Corp., 636
F.2d 1193, 231 USPQ 252 (N.D. Ill.
Bertsch, In re, 132 F.2d 1014, 56 USPQ 379 1986) ........................................................... 1504.02
(CCPA 1942) .............................................. 2111.03
Blacklight Power, Inc. v. Rogan, 295 F.3d
Best, In re, 562 F.2d 1252, 195 USPQ 430 1269, 63 USPQ2d 1534 (Fed. Cir. 2002)
(CCPA 1977) ..... 2112, 2112.01, ................................................................. 1134, 1308
2112.02, 2114
Blaisdell, In re, 242 F.2d 779, 113 USPQ
Bettcher Industries, Inc. v. Bunzl USA, Inc., 289 (CCPA 1957) ..... 2133.03(a),
661 F.3d 629, 100 USPQ2d 1433 (Fed. 2133.03(b), 2133.03(e)(3), 2133.03(e)(5)
Cir. 2011) ......................................................... 2114
Blake, In re, 358 F.2d 750, 149 USPQ 217
Bey v. Kollonitsch, 806 F.2d 1024, 231 (CCPA 1966) ................................................. 715.07
USPQ 967 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ......................... 2138.06
Blanc, Ex parte, 13 USPQ2d 1383 (Bd. Pat.
BIC Leisure Prods., Inc., v. Windsurfing App. & Inter. 1989) ..... 716.02(c),
Int’l, Inc., 1 F.3d 1214, 27 USPQ2d 1671 2143.02
(Fed. Cir. 1993) ................................................ 1460
Bland, Ex parte, 3 USPQ2d 1103 (Bd. Pat
Biesecker, Ex parte, 144 USPQ 129 (Bd. App. & Inter. 1986) ................................ 2141.01(a)
App. 1964) ....................................... 715.02, 715.03
Blattner, Ex parte, 2 USPQ2d 2047 (Bd.
Bigham v. Godtfredsen, 857 F.2d 1415, 8 Pat. App. & Inter. 1987) .............................. 2144.09
USPQ2d 1266 (Fed. Cir. 1988) .....
2138.01, 2138.05 Blisscraft of Hollywood v. United Plastic
Co., 189 F. Supp 333, 127 USPQ 452
Bigio, In re, 381 F.3d 1320, 72 USPQ2d (S.D.N.Y. 1960) ...................................... 1504.01(c)
1209 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ..... 2141.01(a),
2173.01 Blondel, In re, 499 F.2d 1311, 182 USPQ
294 (CCPA 1974) ..................................... 716.02(b)
Billottet, Ex parte, 192 USPQ 413 (Bd. App.
1976) ................................................................ 2137 Blonder-Tongue Labs., Inc. v. Univ. of Ill.,
Foundation, 402 U.S. 313, 169 USPQ
Bilski, In re, 545 F.3d 943, 88 USPQ2d 513 (1971) ................................................... 2012.01
1385 (Fed. Cir. 2008) ....................................... 2106
Blout, In re, 333 F.2d 928, 142 USPQ 173
Bilski v. Kappos, 561 U.S. 593, 95 USPQ2d (CCPA 1964) ...................................................... 715
1001 (2010) ..... 2104, 2106, 2106.04,
2106.04(a),2106.04(a)(1),2106.04(a)(2),

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Blum, In re, 374 F.2d 904, 153 USPQ 177 Bostwick, In re, 102 F.2d 886, 41 USPQ
(CCPA 1967) ................................ 1503.01, 1503.02 279 (CCPA 1939) ....................................... 1449.02
Blumcraft of Pittsburgh v. Ladd, 238 F. Bosy, In re, 360 F.2d 972, 149 USPQ 789
Supp. 648, 144 USPQ 562 (D.D.C. 1965) (CCPA 1966) ............................................... 2165.01
....................................................... 1504.05, 1504.06 Bowen, In re, 492 F.2d 859, 181 USPQ 48
Board of Education ex rel. Board of (CCPA 1974) ............................................... 2164.04
Trustees of Florida State Univ. v. Bowers, In re, 359 F.2d 886, 149 USPQ 570
American Bioscience Inc., 333 F.3d (CCPA 1966) ............................................... 2146.02
1330, 67 USPQ2d 1252 (Fed. Cir. 2003)
........................................................................... 2109 Bowser Inc. v. United States, 388 F.2d 346,
156 USPQ 406 (Ct. Cl. 1967) .......................... 2141
Boehringer Ingelheim Int’l v. Barr
Laboratories, 592 F.3d 1340, 93 USPQ2d Bowyer, Ex parte, 42 USPQ 526, 1939 C.D.
1417 (Fed. Cir. 2010) ... 804.02, 1490, 5, 505 O.G. 759 (Comm’r Pat. 1939) .....
2762.01 715.07(b)

Boeing Co. v. Comm’r. of Patents & Bozek, In re, 416 F.2d 1385, 163 USPQ
Trademarks, 853 F.2d 878, 7 USPQ2d 545(CCPA 1969)) ............................................ 2143
1487 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ....................................... 2279 Braat, In re, 937 F.2d 589, 19 USPQ2d 1289
Boesch, In re, 617 F.2d 272, 205 USPQ 215 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ................................... 804, 1504.06
(CCPA 1980) ............................................ 716.02(b) Brader v. Schaeffer, 193 USPQ 627 (Bd.
Bogese, In re, 303 F.3d 1362, 64 USPQ2d Pat. Inter. 1976) ................................................ 2109
1448 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ....................................... 2190 Braithwaite, In re, 379 F.2d 594, 154 USPQ
Bogoslowsky v. Huse, 142 F.2d 75, 61 29 (CCPA 1967) ..... 804, 804.02,
USPQ 349 (CCPA 1944) ............................. 2138.03 806.04(i)

Bolkcom v. Carborundum Co., 523 F.2d Brana, In re, 51 F.3d 1560, 34 USPQ2d
492, 187 USPQ 466 (6th Cir. 1975) ..... 1436 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ..... 2107.01,
2003 2107.03, 2164.01(c), 2107.02, 2164.02,
2164.04, 2164.07
Bond, In re, 910 F.2d 831, 15 USPQ2d 1566
(Fed. Cir. 1990) ..... 2131, 2152.02(b), Brandstadter, In re, 484 F.2d 1395, 179
2183, 2184 USPQ 286 (CCPA 1973) .... 716.01(c),
716.09, 2164.05, 2164.06(c)
Bondiou, Ex parte, 132 USPQ 356 (Bd.
App. 1961) .................................................. 2163.07 Brandt, In re, 886 F.3d 1171, 126 USPQ2d
1079 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .................................. 2144.05
Bonito Boats, Inc. v. Thunder Craft Boats,
Inc., 489 U.S. 141, 9 USPQ2d 1847 Brasseler, U.S.A. I, L.P. v. Stryker Sales
(1989) .......................................................... 2133.02 Corp., 267 F.3d 1370, 60 USPQ2d 1482
(Fed. Cir. 2001) ........................................... 2001.06
Boon, In re, 439 F.2d 724, 169 USPQ 231
(CCPA 1971) ............................................... 1204.04 Brenner v. Manson, 383 U.S. 519, 148
USPQ 689 (1966) ..... 2103, 2107.01,
Borden, In re, 90 F.3d 1570, 39 USPQ2d 2107.02
1524 (Fed. Cir. 1996) .................................. 1504.03
Brenner v. State of Israel, 400 F.2d 789, 158
Borkowski, In re, 422 F.2d 904, 164 USPQ USPQ 584 (D.C. Cir. 1968) .... 216.01,
642 (CCPA 1970) ..... 707.07(l), 1402, 1417, 1444
2164.02, 2174
Breslow, In re, 616 F.2d 516, 205 USPQ
Borkowski, In re, 505 F.2d 713, 184 USPQ 221 (CCPA 1980) ................................... 2164.01(b)
29 (CCPA 1974) ............................................ 715.07
Brian, Ex parte, 118 USPQ 242 (Bd. App.
Bose Corp. v. JBL, Inc., 274 F.3d 1354, 61 1958) ....................................................... 2173.05(t)
USPQ2d 1216 (Fed. Cir. 2001) .....
2173.05, 2173.05(e) Bridgeford, In re, 357 F.2d 679, 149 USPQ
55 (CCPA 1966) ........................................ 806.05(f)
Bosies v. Benedict, 27 F.3d 539, 30
USPQ2d 1862 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ..... Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. v. Kappos, 891
2138.04 [Link].2d 135 (D.D.C. 2012) .......................... 2734

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. v. Pharmachemie Buildex v. Kason Indus., Inc., 849 F.2d
BV, 361 F.3d 1343, 70 USPQ2d 1097 1461, 7 USPQ2d 1325 (Fed. Cir. 1988)
(Fed. Cir. 2004) ..................................... 804.01, 819 ................................................................. 2133.03(b)
Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. v. Rhone Poulenc Bundy, In re, 642 F.2d 430, 209 USPQ 48
Rorer, Inc., 326 F.3d 1226, 66 USPQ2d (CCPA 1981) ..... 2107.02, 2164.04,
1481 (Fed. Cir. 2003) .................................. 2001.04 2164.06(b), 2164.07, 2165.04
Brookhill-Wilk 1, LLC v. Intuitive Surgical, Burckel, In re, 592 F.2d 1175, 201 USPQ
Inc., 334 F.3d 1294, 67 USPQ2d 1132 67 (CCPA 1979) ....................................... 716.02(e)
(Fed. Cir. 2003) ........................................... 2111.01 Burhans, In re, 154 F.2d 690, 69 USPQ 330
Brooktree Corp. v. Advanced Micro (CCPA 1946) ............................................... 2144.04
Devices, Inc., 977 F.2d 1555, 24 USPQ2d Burlington Industries Inc. v. Quigg, 822
1401 (Fed. Cir. 1992) .................................. 2107.01 F.2d 1581, 3 USPQ2d 1436 (Fed. Cir.
Broos v. Barton, 142 F.2d 690, 61 USPQ 1987) .............................................. 716.05, 2173.02
447 (CCPA 1944) ........................................ 2138.06 Burroughs Wellcome Co. v. Barr Lab., Inc.,
Brouwer, In re, 77 F.3d 422, 37 USPQ2d 40 F.3d 1223, 32 USPQ2d 1915 (Fed.
1663 (Fed. Cir. 1996) ..... 2116.01, Cir. 1994) .......................................... 2138.04, 2163
2144.08, 2147, 2158 Burr v. Duryee, 68 U.S. 531, 17 L. Ed. 650
Brower, In re, 433 F.2d 813, 167 USPQ 684 (1863) .......................................................... 2106.03
(CCPA 1970) .................................................... 2172 Burrowes, Ex parte, 110 O.G. 599, 1904
Brown, In re, 459 F.2d 531, 173 USPQ 685 C.D. 155 (Comm’r Pat. 1904) .....
(CCPA 1972) .......................................... 2113, 2183 1214.01
Brown, In re, 477 F.2d 946, 177 USPQ 691 Bush, In re, 296 F.2d 491, 131 USPQ 263
(CCPA 1973) ........................... 2161.01, 2164.06(c) (CCPA 1961) .......................................... 1207.03(a)
Brown, In re, 645 Fed. App'x. 1014 (Fed. Busse, Ex parte, 1 USPQ2d 1908 (Bd. Pat.
Cir. 2016) ... 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(f), App. & Inter. 1986) ..................................... 2107.03
2106.05(g) Buszard, In re, 504 F.3d 1364, 84 USPQ2d
Brown v. 3M, 265 F.3d 1349, 60 USPQ2d 1749 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ..... 2111,
1375 (Fed. Cir. 2001) ....................................... 2131 2173.01, 2173.02
Bruckelmyer v. Ground Heaters, Inc., 445 Buting, In re, 418 F.2d 540, 163 USPQ 689
F. 3d 1374, 78 USPQ2d 1684 (Fed. Cir. (CCPA 1969) ............................................... 2107.03
2006) ............................................. 2127, 2152.02(e) buySAFE, Inc. v. Google, Inc., 765 F.3d
Brummer, Ex parte, 12 USPQ2d 1653 (Bd. 1350, 112 USPQ2d 1093 (Fed. Cir. 2014)
Pat. App. & Inter. 1989) ......................... 2173.05(b) ..... 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(d),
Bryan, In re, 323 Fed. App'x. 898 (Fed. Cir. 2106.05(h)
2009) ............................................ 2111.05, 2112.01 C, Ex parte, 27 USPQ2d 1492 (Bd. Pat.
BSG Tech. LLC v. Buyseasons, Inc., 899 App. & Inter. 1992) ..... 716.02(b),
F.3d 1281, 127 USPQ2d 1688 (Fed. Cir. 2133.03(a)
2018) ................................................. 2106.04(a)(2) Cable Electric Products, Inc. v. Genmark,
Buchner, In re, 929 F.2d 660, 18 USPQ2d Inc., 770 F.2d 1015, 226 USPQ 881 (Fed.
1331 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ..... 716.09, Cir. 1985) ..... 716.03(b), 716.06,
2107.02, 2164.01, 2164.05, 2164.05(a), 1504.03
2164.08 Cady, Ex parte, 1916 C.D. 62, 232 O.G. 621
Budde v. Harley-Davidson, Inc., 250 F.3d (Comm’r Pat. 1916) .......................... 1502, 1504.04
1369, 58 USPQ2d 1801 (Fed. Cir. 2001) Caldwell, Ex parte, 1906 C.D. 58 (Comm’r
................................................................. 2181, 2182 Pat. 1906) ............................................... 2173.05(d)
Budnick, In re, 537 F.2d 535, 190 USPQ Callicrate vs. Wadsworth Mfg., Inc., 427
422 (CCPA 1976) ..... 2164.05(a), F.3d 1361, 77 USPQ2d 1041 (Fed. Cir.
2164.06(c) 2005) .......................................................... 2164.01

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Campbell Soup Co. v. Gamon Plus, Inc., 10 Caterpillar Inc. v. Detroit Diesel Corp., 961
F.4th 1268, 2021 USPQ2d 875 (Fed. Cir. F. Supp. 1249, 41 USPQ2d 1876 (N.D.
2021) .......................................... 716.01(b), 1504.03 Ind. 1996) ......................................................... 2181
Capon v. Eshhar, 418 F.3d 1349, 76 Caterpillar Tractor Co. v. Comm’r Pat., 650
USPQ2d 1078 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ..... F. Supp. 218, 231 USPQ 590 (E.D. Va.
2161.01, 2163 1986) ................................................................ 1850
Card, Ex parte, 1904 C.D. 383 (Comm’r Cavanagh, In re, 436 F.2d 491, 168 USPQ
Pats. 1904) ................................................... 2301.03 466 (CCPA 1971) .......................................... 716.04
Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. v. St. Jude Med., Caveney, In re, 761 F.2d 671, 226 USPQ 1
Inc., 296 F.3d 1106, 63 USPQ2d 1725 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ...................................... 2133.03(b)
(Fed. Cir. 2002) ...................................... 2181, 2182 CCS Fitness, Inc. v. Brunswick Corp., 288
Carella v. Starlight Archery, 804 F.2d 135, F.3d 1359, 62 USPQ2d 1658 (Fed. Cir.
231 USPQ 644 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ..... 2002) ................................................................ 2181
2128, 2132, 2152.02(c) Celeritas Technologies Ltd. v. Rockwell
Carl Zeiss Stiftung v. Renishaw PLC, 945 International Corp., 150 F.3d 1354, 47
F.2d 1173, 20 USPQ2d 1094 (Fed. Cir. USPQ2d 1516 (Fed. Cir. 1998) .....
1991) ............................................ 2107.01, 2107.02 2123, 2131.05
Carletti, In re, 328 F.2d 1020, 140 USPQ Cellect, LLC, In re, 81 F.4th 1216, 2023
653 (CCPA 1964) ................................... 1504.01(c) USPQ2d 1011 (Fed. Cir. 2023) .....
Carlson, In re, 983 F.2d 1032, 25 USPQ2d 1490
1207 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ..... 2126, Centocor Ortho Biotech, Inc. v. Abbott
2152.02(a) Laboratories, 636 F.3d 1341, 97 USPQ2d
Carman Indus. Inc. v. Wahl, 724 F.2d 932, 1870 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ....................................... 2163
220 USPQ 481 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ... 804, Certain Limited-Charge Cell Culture
1504.06 Microcarriers, In re, 221 USPQ 1165
Carreira, In re, 532 F.2d 1356, 189 USPQ (Int’l Trade Comm’n 1983) ........................ 2164.01
461 (CCPA 1976) ........................... 716.10, 2136.05 CFMT, Inc. v. Yieldup Int ’l Corp., 349
Carroll, In re, 601 F.2d 1184, 202 USPQ F.3d 1333, 68 USPQ2d 1940 (Fed. Cir.
571 (CCPA 1979) ..................................... 716.01(c) 2003) ................................................................ 2164

Carter, In re, 673 F.2d 1378, 213 USPQ 625 Chandler, In re, 319 F.2d 211, 138 USPQ
(CCPA 1982) ............................................... 1504.03 138 (CCPA 1963) ................................... 2173.05(n)

Carter-Wallace, Inc. v. Riverton Labs., Inc., Chapman, In re, 357 F.2d 418, 148 USPQ
433 F.2d 1034, 167 USPQ 656 (2d Cir. 711 (CCPA 1966) ..................................... 716.02(e)
1970) ........................................................... 2165.01 Chef America, Inc. v. Lamb-Weston, Inc.,
Case v. CPC Int’l Inc., 730 F.2d 745, 221 358 F.3d 1371, 69 USPQ2d 1857 (Fed.
USPQ 196 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ......................... 2301.03 Cir. 2004) .................................................... 2111.01

Casey, In re, 370 F.2d 576, 152 USPQ 235 Chemcast Corp. v. Arco Indus. Corp., 913
(CCPA 1967) .................................................... 2115 F.2d 923, 16 USPQ2d 1033 (Fed. Cir.
1990) ..... 2107.01, 2161.01, 2165.03,
Catalina Mktg. Int’l v. [Link], 2411.01
Inc., 289 F.3d 801, 62 USPQ2d 1781
(Fed. Cir. 2002) ........................................... 2111.02 Chemithon Corp. v. Procter & Gamble Co.,
287 F. Supp 291, 159 USPQ 139 (D. Md.
Catan, Ex parte, 83 USPQ2d 1569 (Bd. Pat. 1968) ...................................................... 2133.03(a)
App. & Int. 2007) .............................. 2143, 2143.01
Chester v. Miller, 906 F.2d 1574, 15
Cataphote Corp. v. Desoto Chem. Coatings, USPQ2d 1333 (Fed. Cir. 1990) ........................ 2731
Inc., 356 F.2d 24, 148 USPQ 229 (9th
Cir. 1966) ........................................... 2133.03(e)(1) Chevenard, In re, 139 F.2d 711, 60 USPQ
239 (CCPA 1943) ........................................ 2144.03
Caterpillar Inc. v. Deere & Co., 224 F.3d
1374, 56 USPQ2d 1305 (Fed. Cir. 2000) Chicago Historical Antique Auto. Museum,
................................................................. 2183, 2184 Inc., In re, 197 USPQ 289 (Comm’r Pat.
1978) .................................................................. 513

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Chicago Rawhide Mfg. Co., Ex parte, 223 Clark, In re, 522 F.2d 623, 187 USPQ 209
USPQ 351 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1984) (CCPA 1975) ........................... 2012, 2012.01, 2016
............................................................ 2242, 2258.01 Clark, In re, 457 F.2d 1004, 173 USPQ 359
Chicopee Mfg. Corp. v. Columbus Fiber (CCPA 1972) ................................................. 715.05
Mills Co., 165 F. Supp. 307, 118 USPQ Clarke, In re, 356 F.2d 987, 148 USPQ 665
53 (M.D. Ga. 1958) ............................ 2133.03(e)(1) (CCPA 1966) .................................... 715.02, 715.03
Chiddix, In re, 209 USPQ 78 (Comm’r Pat. Clarke, In re, 809 Fed. Appx. 787, 2020
1980) ........................................................... 1205.02 USPQ2d 10253 (Fed. Cir. 2020) .....
Chilowsky, In re, 229 F.2d 457, 108 USPQ 2111.01
321 (CCPA 1956) ... 2107.01, 2107.02, Classen Immunotherapies, Inc. v. Biogen
2107.03, 2164.02, 2164.07 IDEC, 659 F.3d 1057, 100 USPQ2d 1492
Chilowsky, In re, 306 F.2d 908, 134 USPQ (Fed. Cir. 2011) ..... 2106.04(a)(1),
515 (CCPA 1962) ..................................... 716.01(c) 2106.05, 2106.05(d), 2106.05(e)
Chiron Corp. v. Genentech Inc., 363 F.3d Clay, In re, 966 F.2d 656, 23 USPQ2d 1058
1247, 70 USPQ2d 1321 (Fed. Cir. 2004) (Fed. Cir. 1992) ........................ 2141.01(a), 2144.08
.................................................. 2164.03, 2164.05(a) Clearone, Inc. v. Shure Acquisition
Chiuminatta Concrete Concepts, Inc. v. Holdings, Inc., 35 F.4th 1345, 2022
Cardinal Indus. Inc., 145 F.3d 1303, 46 USPQ2d 509 (Fed. Cir. 2022) .....
USPQ2d 1752 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ..... 2173.05(b)
2183, 2184 ClearValue Inc. v. Pearl River Polymers
Chore-Time Equipment, Inc. v. Cumberland Inc., 668 F.3d 1340, 101 USPQ2d 1773
Corp., 713 F.2d 774, 218 USPQ 673 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ........................................... 2131.03
(Fed. Cir. 1983) ........................................... 2141.03 Clemens, In re, 622 F.2d 1029, 206 USPQ
Chorna, In re, 656 Fed. App'x. 1016 (Fed. 289 (CCPA 1980) ........................... 716.02(d), 2145
Cir. 2016) ........................................... 2106.04(a)(1) Clement, In re, 131 F.3d 1464, 45 USPQ2d
Christensen, In re, 330 F.2d 652, 141 USPQ 1161 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ................................. 1412.02
295 (CCPA 1964) .......................................... 804.03 Cleveland Clinic Foundation v. True Health
Chromalloy American Corp. v. Alloy Diagnostics, LLC, 859 F.3d 1352, 123
Surfaces Co., 339 F. Supp 859, 173 USPQ2d 1081 (Fed. Cir. 2017) .....
USPQ 295 (D. Del. 1972) ..... 2004, 2106.04(b), 2106.05(a), 2106.05(d)
2012, 2016 Clifford, Ex parte, 49 USPQ 152 (Bd. App.
Chu, In re, 66 F.3d 292, 36 USPQ2d 1089 1940) ............................................................. 901.02
(Fed. Cir. 1995) ........................... 211.05, 716.02(f) Clinical Products Ltd. v. Brenner, 255 F.
Chudik v. Hirshfeld, 987 F.3d 1033, 2021 Supp. 131, 149 USPQ 475 (D.D.C. 1966)
USPQ2d 149 (Fed. Cir. 2021) ......................... 2731 ................................................................. 2173.05(q)
Chupp, In re, 816 F.2d 643, 2 USPQ2d 1437 Cloud v. Standard Packaging Corp., 376
(Fed. Cir. 1987) ..... 716.01(d), F.2d 384, 153 USPQ 317 (7th Cir. 1967)
716.02(a), 2145 ............................................................ 2133.03(e)(1)
Ciric v. Flanigen, 511 F.2d 1182, 185 USPQ CMS Industries, Inc. v. L.P.S. International,
103 (CCPA 1975) ........................................ 2138.05 Ltd., 643 F.2d 289, 217 USPQ 20 (5th
Citron, In re, 325 F.2d 248, 139 USPQ 516 Cir. 1981) ...................................................... 317.03
(CCPA 1963) ..... 2107.01, 2107.02, Coca-Cola Co. v. Gemini Rising Inc., 346
2107.03 F. Supp. 1183, 175 USPQ 56 (E.D.N.Y.
Clamp, In re, 151 USPQ 423 (Comm’r Pat. 1972) ................................................................ 1512
1966) ............................................................ 213.03 Cochrane v. Deener, 94 U.S. 780, 24 [Link].
Clapp, Ex parte, 227 USPQ 972 (Bd. Pat. 139 (1876) ................................................... 2106.03
App & Inter. 1985) ................................. 2142, 2144 Cofer, In re, 354 F.2d 664, 148 USPQ 268
Clark, Ex parte, 174 USPQ 40 (Bd. App. (CCPA 1966) ............................................... 2144.04
1971) ....................................................... 2173.05(o) Cogar v. Schuyler, 464 F.2d 747, 173 USPQ
389 (D.C. Cir. 1972) .................................. 409.03(i)

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Cohn, In re, 438 F.2d 984, 169 USPQ 95 Continental Can Co., Inc. v. Schuyler, 326
(CCPA 1971) ............................................... 2173.03 F. Supp 283, 168 USPQ 625 (D.D.C.
Colbert v. Lofdahl, 21 USPQ2d 1068 (Bd. 1970) ........................................................... 1216.01
Pat. App. & Inter. 1991) .............................. 2138.02 Continental Can Co. v. Monsanto Co., 948
Cole, In re, 326 F.2d 769, 140 USPQ 230 F.2d 1264, 20 USPQ2d 1746 (Fed. Cir.
(CCPA 1964) .......................................... 2164.06(c) 1991) ........................................................... 2131.01

Cole v. Kimberly-Clark Corp., 102 F.3d Convolve, Inc. v. Compaq Computer Corp.,
524, 41 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 1996) 527 Fed. App'x. 910 (Fed. Cir. 2013) .....
........................................................................... 2181 2161.01

Coleman v. Dines, 754 F.2d 353, 224 USPQ Cook, In re, 439 F.2d 730, 169 USPQ 298
857 (Fed. Cir. 1985) .................................... 2138.04 (CCPA 1971) ........................... 2164.03, 2164.08(b)

Colianni, In re, 561 F.2d 220, 195 USPQ Cooper v. Goldfarb, 154 F.3d 1321, 47
150 (CCPA 1977) ..... 2164.06, USPQ2d 1896 (Fed. Cir. 1998) .....
2164.06(b) 2163

Collier, In re, 397 F.2d 1003, 158 USPQ Cooper v. Goldfarb, 240 F.3d 1378, 57
266 (CCPA 1968) ..... 2163, 2163.05, USPQ2d 1990 (Fed. Cir. 2001) .....
2172.01, 2173.05(k) 2138.05

Comiskey, In re, 554 F.3d 967, 89 USPQ2d Cooper Techs. Co. v. Dudas, 536 F.3d 1330,
1655 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ......................... 2106.04(a)(1) 87 USPQ2d 1705 (Fed. Cir. 2008) .....
2730
Commonwealth Scientific, In re, 632 Fed.
App'x. 1024 (Fed. Cir. 2015) ..... Copenhaver, Ex parte, 109 USPQ 118 (Bd.
2304.02(c) Pat. App. & Inter. 1955) ......................... 2173.05(b)

Comstock, In re, 481 F.2d 905, 178 USPQ Corba, In re, 212 USPQ 825 (Comm’r Pat.
616 (CCPA 1973) ................................... 2164.06(c) 1981) ........................................................... 1504.20

Comstock, Ex parte, 317 O.G. 4, 1923 C.D. Cordova, Ex parte, 10 USPQ2d 1949 (Bd.
82 (Comm’r Pat. 1923) ............................... 1214.01 Pat. App. & Inter. 1989) ......................... 2173.05(h)

Conover v. Downs, 35 F.2d 59 (CCPA Corephotonics, Ltd. v. Apple Inc., 84 F.4th

1929) ................................................................ 1451 990, 2023 USPQ2d 1202 (Fed. Cir. 2023)
................................................................. 2141.01(a)
Consolidated Aluminum Corp. v. Foseco
Inc., 910 F.2d 804, 15 USPQ2d 1481 Corkill, In re, 771 F.2d 1496, 226 USPQ
(Fed. Cir. 1990) ................................................ 2165 1005 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 716.02(a),
2107.02
Consolidated Fruit-Jar Co. v. Wright, 94
U.S. 92 (1876) .............................. 2133.03(b), 2134 Cormany, In re, 476 F.2d 998, 177 USPQ
450 (CCPA 1973) ............................................. 2172
Constant v. Advanced Micro-Devices, Inc.,
848 F.2d 1560, 7 USPQ2d 1057 (Fed. Corneil, In re, 347 F.2d 563, 145 USPQ 702
Cir. 1988) ..... 2128, 2128.01, 2128.02, (CCPA 1965) .................................................... 2124
2129, 2141.01, 2145, 2152.03 Corning Glass Works v. Sumitomo Elec.
Construction Equipment Company, In re, U.S.A., Inc., 868 F.2d 1251, 9 USPQ2d
665 F.3d 1254, 100 USPQ2d 1922 (Fed. 1962 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ..... 2111.02,
Cir. 2011) ......................................................... 2259 2163

Content Extraction and Transmission, LLC Corning v. Burden, 56 U.S. 252, 14 [Link].
v. Wells Fargo Bank, 776 F.3d 1343, 113 683 (1854) ............................... 2106.03, 2106.05(c)
USPQ2d 1354 (Fed. Cir. 2014) ..... Cornwall, In re, 230 F.2d 457, 109 USPQ
2106.04(a), 2106.04(a)(1), 57 (CCPA 1956) ........................... 1504.02, 1504.03
2106.04(a)(2), 2106.05(d), 2106.07(a) Correge v. Murphy, 705 F.2d 1326, 217
Contessa Food Prods., Inc. v. Conagra, Inc., USPQ 753 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ......................... 2138.03
282 F.3d 1370, 62 USPQ2d 1065 (Fed. Cortright, In re, 165 F.3d 1353, 49 USPQ2d
Cir. 2002) ................................................... 1504.04 1464 (Fed. Cir. 1999) ..... 2111,
2164.04

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Costello, In re, 717 F.2d 1346, 219 USPQ Curtis, In re, 354 F.3d 1347, 69 USPQ2d
389 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... 716.10, 1274 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ........................ 2163, 2163.05
2136.05, 2137, 2138, 2138.04, 2138.05 Curver Luxembourg, SARL v. Home
Cowles, In re, 156 F.2d 551, 70 USPQ 419 Expressions, Inc., 938 F.3d 1334, 2019
(CCPA 1946) ........................... 1207.03, 1207.03(a) USPQ2d 341902 (Fed. Cir. 2019) .....
Craig, In re, 411 F.2d 1333, 162 USPQ 157 1502, 1503.01
(CCPA 1969) .................................................... 2190 Custom Accessories, Inc. v. Jeffrey-Allan
Credit Acceptance Corp. v. Westlake Industries, Inc., 807 F.2d 955, 1 USPQ2d
Services, 859 F.3d 1044, 123 USPQ2d 1196 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ........................ 2141, 2141.03
1100 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ..... 2106.04(a), CyberSource Corp. v. Retail Decisions, Inc.,
2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(a) 654 F.3d 1366, 99 USPQ2d 1690 (Fed.
Crish, In re, 393 F.3d 1253, 73 USPQ2d Cir. 2011) ..... 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05,
1364 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ........................ 2111.03, 2112 2106.05(b), 2106.05(c), 2106.05(g)

Critikon, Inc. v. Becton Dickinson Vascular Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride Extended-

Access, Inc., 120 F.3d 1253, 43 USPQ2d Release Capsule Patent Litig., In re, 676
1666 (Fed. Cir. 1997) .............................. 2001.06(c) F.3d 1063, 102 USPQ2d 1760 (Fed. Cir.
2012) ............................................................... 2145
Crockett, In re, 279 F.2d 274, 126 USPQ
186 (CCPA 1960) ........................................ 2144.06 Dailey, In re, 357 F.2d 669, 149 USPQ 47
(CCPA 1966) ............................................... 2144.04
Crocs Inc. v. International Trade
Commission, 598 F.3d 1294, 93 USPQ2d Dale Electronics Inc. v. R.C.L. Electronics,
1777 (Fed. Cir. 2010) ........................ 1504.03, 2143 488 F.2d 382, 180 USPQ 225 (1st Cir.
1973) ................................................................ 2004
Cross Med. Prods., Inc. v. Medtronic
Sofamor Danek, Inc., 424 F.3d 1293, 76 Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders, Inc. v.
USPQ2d 1662 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ........................ 2144 Pussycat Cinema, Ltd., 604 F.2d 200, 203
USPQ 161 (2d Cir. 1979) ................................. 1512
Cronyn, In re, 890 F.2d 1158, 13 USPQ2d
1070 (Fed. Cir.1989) ..... 2128.01, Dana Corp. v. IPC Ltd. Partnership, 860
2152.02(e) F.2d 415, 8 USPQ2d 1692 (Fed. Cir.
1988) ........................................................... 2165.04
Crosby, In re, 157 F.2d 198, 71 USPQ 73
(CCPA 1946) ................................................. 716.07 Dana-Farber Cancer Inst., Inc. v. Ono
Pharm. Co., 964 F.3d 1365, 2020
Cross v. Iizuka, 753 F.2d 1040, 224 USPQ USPQ2d 10775 (Fed. Cir. 2020) .....
739 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 2107.01, 2109.01
2107.03, 2164.02
Dance, In re, 160 F.3d 1339, 48 USPQ2d
Crossman, In re, 187 USPQ 367 (PTO 1635 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ................................. 2143.01
Solicitor 1975) ................................................... 103
Daniels, In re, 144 F.3d 1452, 46 USPQ2d
Cruciferous Sprout Litig., In re, 301 F.3d 1788 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ..... 1503.02,
1343, 64 USPQ2d 1202 (Fed. Cir. 2002) 1504.04
...................................................................... 2111.02
Dann v. Johnston, 425 U.S. 219, 189 USPQ
Crystal Semiconductor Corp. v. TriTech 257 (1976) ..... 716.01(a), 2141,
Microelectronics Int’l Inc., 246 F.3d 2141.03, 2143
1336, 57 USPQ2d 1953 (Fed. Cir. 2001)
...................................................................... 2111.03 Dart Indus. v. Banner, 636 F.2d 684, 207
USPQ 273 (C.A.D.C. 1980) .....
CTS Corp. v. Electro Materials Corp. of 201.06(c), 211.02, 211.02(a)
America, 469 F. Supp. 801, 202 USPQ
22 (S.D. N.Y. 1979) ................................ 2133.03(b) Dart Indus. v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours &
Co., 489 F.2d 1359, 179 USPQ 392 (7th
CTS Corp. v. Piher Int’l Corp., 593 F.2d Cir. 1973) ................................. 2133.03, 2133.03(c)
777, 201 USPQ 649 (7th Cir. 1979) .....
2133.03(d) Data Line Corp. v. Micro Technologies,
Inc., 813 F.2d 1196, 1 USPQ2d 2052
Cubist Pharm. Inc. v. Hospira, Inc., 805 (Fed. Cir. 1987) ...................................... 2183, 2184
F.3d 1112, 117 USPQ2d 1054 (Fed. Cir.
2015) ................................................................ 2163

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Datamize LLC v. Plumtree Software, Inc., 716.01(b), 716.01(d), 716.03, 716.03(a),

417 F.3d 1342, 75 USPQ2d 1801 (Fed. 716.03(b)
Cir. 2005) ............................ 2173.05(b), 2173.05(g) Dembiczak, In re, 175 F.3d 994, 50
Davis, Ex parte, 80 USPQ 448 (Bd. App. USPQ2d 1614 (Fed. Cir. 1999) .....
1948) ................................................. 2111.03, 2163 1504.06, 2144.04
Davis, Ex parte, 56 USPQ2d 1434 (Bd. Pat. Deminski, In re, 796 F.2d 436, 230 USPQ
App. & Inter. 2000) ........................................... 804 313 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ................................ 2141.01(a)
Davis Harvester Co., Inc. v. Long Mfg. Co., DePuy Spine, Inc. v. Medtronic Sofamor
252 F. Supp. 989, 149 USPQ 420 Danek, Inc., 567 F.3d 1314, 90 USPQ2d
(E.D.N.C. 1966) ............................................... 2134 1865 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ........................ 2143, 2144.05
Davis v. Carrier, 81 F.2d 250, 28 USPQ 227 De Seversky, In re, 474 F.2d 671, 177
(CCPA 1936) .................................................... 2109 USPQ 144 (CCPA 1973) ... 201.06(c),
Dayco Prod., Inc. v. Total Containment, 608.01(p), 1504.05, 1504.20
Inc., 329 F.3d 1358, 66 USPQ2d 1801 De Solms v. Schoenwald, 15 USPQ2d 1507
(Fed. Cir. 2003) ............................ 2001.06(b), 2004 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1990) .....
DBC, In re, 545 F.3d 1373, 89 USPQ2d 2138.05, 2138.06
1123 (Fed. Cir. 2008) .............................. 1207.03(a) DesOrmeaux, Ex parte, 25 USPQ2d 2040
Dealertrack Inc. v. Huber, 674 F.3d 1315, (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) .....
101 USPQ2d 1325 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ..... 2136.04
2106.04(a)(1) Deters, In re, 515 F.2d 1152, 185 USPQ 644
DeBaun, In re, 687 F.2d 459, 214 USPQ (CCPA 1975) ................................ 715.09, 717.01(f)
933 (CCPA 1982) ... 715.01(a), 716.10, Deuel, In re, 51 F.3d 1552, 34 USPQ2d
717.01(a)(1), 2109, 2136.05, 2136.05(b), 1210 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ..... 2143,
2155.01 2144.08, 2144.09, 2163
De Blauwe, In re, 736 F.2d 699, 222 USPQ DH Tech. Inc. v. Synergystex Int’l Inc., 154
191 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ........................ 716.01(c), 2145 F.3d 1333, 47 USPQ2d 1865 (Fed. Cir.
DDR Holdings, LLC v. [Link], L.P., 1998) ......................................................... 509.04(f)
773 F.3d 1245, 113 USPQ2d 1097 (Fed. Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303, 206
Cir. 2014) ..... 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05, USPQ 193 (1980) ... 2104, 2105, 2106,
2106.05(a), 2106.05(b), 2106.05(c), 2106.03, 2106.04, 2106.04(b),
2106.05(d), 2173.05(b), 2106.05(f), 2106.04(c), 2107.01
2106.07(a) Diamond v. Diehr, 450 U.S. 175, 209 USPQ
Deckler, In re, 977 F.2d 1449, 24 USPQ2d 1 (1981) ..... 2103, 2106, 2106.04,
1448 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ..... 715, 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05, 2106.05(a),
717.01(d), 2138.01, 2155.06, 2308.03 2106.05(c), 2106.05(d), 2106.05(e),
Defano, In re, 392 F.2d 280, 157 USPQ 192 2106.05(h), 2106.07(a), 2107.01, 2111.05
(CCPA 1968) .................................... 715.02, 715.03 Dien, In re, 680 F.2d 151, 214 USPQ 10
Default Proof Credit Card System, Inc. v. (CCPA 1982) .............................................. 1449.02
Home Depot U.S.A., Inc., 412 F.3d 1291, Digitech Image Techs., LLC v. Electronics
75 USPQ2d 1116 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ..... for Imaging, Inc., 758 F.3d 1344, 111
2181 USPQ2d 1717 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .....
De Graffenried v. United States, 20 Cl. Ct. 2106.03, 2106.04(a)(2)
458, 16 USPQ2d 1321 (Cl. Ct. 1990) .... Dillon, In re, 919 F.2d 688, 16 USPQ2d
2133.02, 2181 1897 (Fed. Cir. 1990) ..... 2141, 2144,
De Lajarte, In re, 337 F.2d 870, 143 USPQ 2144.08, 2144.09, 2145
256 (CCPA 1964) .............................. 2111.03, 2163 Dilnot, In re, 319 F.2d 188, 138 USPQ 248
Delgar Inc. v. Schuyler, 172 USPQ 513 (CCPA 1963) ............................................... 2144.04
(D.D.C. 1970) ........................................... 711.03(c) Dinsmore, In re, 757 F.3d 1343, 111
Demaco Corp. v. F. Von Langsdorff USPQ2d 1229 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .....
Licensing Ltd., 851 F.2d 1387, 7 1402, 1490
USPQ2d 1222 (Fed. Cir. 1988) .....

Rev. 01.2024, November 2024 II-14

 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

DiStefano, In re, 808 F.3d 845, 117 Droplets, Inc. v. E*TRADE Bank, 887 F.3d
USPQ2d 1267 (Fed. Cir. 2015) ..... 1309, 126 USPQ2d 1317 (Fed. Cir. 2018)
2111.05 ................................................. 211.01(b), 608.01(p)
D.L. Auld Co. v. Chroma Graphics Corp., Druey, In re, 319 F.2d 237, 138 USPQ 39
714 F.2d 1144, 219 USPQ 13 (Fed. Cir. (CCPA 1963) ............................................... 2144.08
1983) ....................................................... 2133.03(c) DSL Dynamic Sciences, Ltd. v. Union
D.M.I., Inc. v. Deere & Co., 755 F.2d 1570, Switch & Signal, Inc., 928 F.2d 1122, 18
225 USPQ 236 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... USPQ2d 1152 (Fed. Cir. 1991) .....
2184 2138.05
Doll, In re, 419 F.2d 925, 164 USPQ 218 Dubno, In re, 12 USPQ2d 1153 (Comm’r
(CCPA 1970) ............................................... 1412.03 Pat. & Tm. 1989) ............................................. 2763
Donaldson Co., In re, 16 F.3d 1189, 29 Dubost v. U.S. Patent and Trademark
USPQ2d 1845 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ..... Office, 777 F.2d 1561, 227 USPQ 977
2111.01, 2114, 2161.01, 2163.03, (Fed. Cir. 1985) ............................................ 213.03
2173.01, 2181 Dulberg, In re, 289 F.2d 522, 129 USPQ
Donaldson, Ex parte, 26 USPQ2d 1250 (Bd. 348 (CCPA 1961) ........................................ 2144.04
Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) .............................. 1504.01 Dunki, Ex parte, 153 USPQ 678 (Bd. App.
Donner Technology, LLC v. Pro Stage 1967) ....................................................... 2173.05(q)
Gear, LLC, 979 F.3d 1353, 2020 Dunlop Holdings, Ltd. v. Ram Golf Corp.,
USPQ2d 11335 (Fed. Cir. 2020) ..... 524 F.2d 33, 188 USPQ 481 (7th Cir.
2141.01(a) 1975) ....................................................... 2133.03(a)
Donohue, In re, 550 F.2d 1269, 193 USPQ Dunn, In re, 349 F.2d 433, 146 USPQ 479
136 (CCPA 1977) ..... 2164.06, (CCPA 1965) ................................................. 804.02
2164.06(a)
Dunn v. Ragin, 50 USPQ 472 (Bd. Pat.
Donohue, In re, 766 F.2d 531, 226 USPQ Inter. 1941) .................................................. 2138.02
619 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 2121.01,
2121.02, 2131.01, 2152.02(b) Dunne, Ex parte, 20 USPQ2d 1479 (Bd. Pat.
App. & Inter. 1991) ..... 2134, 2138.02,
Door-Master Corp. v. Yorktowne, Inc., 256 2138.04
F.3d 1308, 59 USPQ2d 1472 (Fed. Cir.
2001) ............................................ 1504.02, 1504.04 Durance, In re Timothy D., 891 F.3d 991,
127 USPQ2d 1141 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .....
Dossel, In re, 115 F.3d 942, 42 USPQ2d 1207.03(b)
1881 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ............................. 2181, 2185
Durden, In re, 763 F.2d 1406, 226 USPQ
Dow Chem. Co., In re, 837 F.2d 469, 5 359 (Fed. Cir. 1985) .................................... 2116.01
USPQ2d 1529 (Fed. Cir. 1988) .....
716.05, 2144.08 Dybel, In re, 524 F.2d 1393, 187 USPQ 593
(CCPA 1975) ..... 2133.03(b),
Dow Chem. Co. v. American Cyanamid 2133.03(e)(3)
Co., 816 F.2d 617, 2 USPQ2d 1350 (Fed.
Cir. 1987) ...................................................... 716.06 Dyfan, LLC v. Target Corp., 28 F.4th 1360,
2022 USPQ2d 288 (Fed. Cir. 2022) .....
Dow Chem. Co. v. Astro-Valcour, Inc., 267 2181
F.3d 1334, 60 USPQ2d 1519 (Fed. Cir.
2001) ........................................................... 2138.04 Dynamic Drinkware, LLC, v. National
Graphics, Inc., 800 F.3d 1375, 116
Doyle, In re, 482 F.2d 1385, 179 USPQ 227 USPQ2d 1045 (Fed. Cir. 2015) .....
(CCPA 1973) ..................................... 1445, 2161.01 804.03, 2136.03, 2154.01(b)
Doyle, In re, 293 F.3d 1355, 63 USPQ2d Dystar Textilfarben GmbH v. C. H. Patrick
1161 (Fed. Cir. 2002) .................................. 1412.01 Co., 464 F.3d 1356, 80 USPQ2d 1641
Dreyfus, In re, 73 F.2d 931, 24 USPQ 52 (Fed. Cir. 2006) ..... 2141, 2143,
(CCPA 1934) ............................................... 2144.05 2143.01, 2144
Driscoll v. Cebalo, 5 USPQ2d 1477 (Bd. E-Pass Techs., Inc. v. 3Com Corp., 343 F.3d
Pat. Inter. 1982) ................................................ 2109 1364, 67 USPQ2d 1947 (Fed. Cir. 2003)
...................................................................... 2111.01

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East Chicago Machine Tool Corp. v. Stone E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. v. Synvina
Container Corp., 181 USPQ 744 (N.D. C.V, 904 F.3d 996, 128 USPQ2d 1193
Ill. 1974) ........................................................... 2012 (Fed. Cir. 2018) ........................................... 2144.05
Eastwood, Ex parte, 163 USPQ 316 (Bd. Eickmeyer, In re, 602 F.2d 974, 202 USPQ
App. 1968) .............................................. 2173.05(b) 655 (CCPA 1979) ............................. 715.05, 715.07
Eaton v. Evans, 204 F.3d 1094, 53 USPQ2d Eisai Co. Ltd. v. Dr. Reddy’s Labs., Ltd.,
1696 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ................................. 2138.05 533 F.3d 1353, 87 USPQ2d 1452 (Fed.
Echerd, In re, 471 F.2d 632, 176 USPQ 321 Cir. 2008) ......................................................... 2143
(CCPA 1973) .......................................... 1207.03(a) Eiselstein v. Frank, 52 F.3d 1035, 34
Eckel, In re, 393 F.2d 848, 157 USPQ 415 USPQ2d 1467 (Fed. Cir. 1995) .....
(CCPA 1968) ................................................. 804.02 1302.01

Ecolab, Inc. v. FMC Corp., 569 F.3d 1335, Ekenstam, In re, 256 F.2d 321, 118 USPQ
91 USPQ2d 1225 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ..... 349 (CCPA 1958) ..... 2126, 2126.01,
2143 2132, 2152.02(a)

Ecolochem, Inc. v. S. California Edison Co., Elan Corp., PLC v. Andrx Pharms. Inc., 366
227 F.3d 1361, 56 USPQ2d 1065 (Fed. F.3d 1336, 70 USPQ2d 1722 (Fed. Cir.
Cir. 2000) ................................................... 2141.03 2004) ....................................................... 2133.03(b)

Edge, In re, 359 F.2d 896, 149 USPQ 556 Elan Pharm., Inc. v. Mayo Foundation For
(CCPA 1966) ............................................... 2144.04 Medical and Education Research, 346
F.3d 1051, 68 USPQ2d 1373 (Fed. Cir.
Edgerton v. Kingsland, 168 F.2d 121, 75 2003) ........................................................... 2121.01
USPQ 307 (D.C. Cir. 1947) ............................. 2190
Electric Power Group, LLC v. Alstom S.A.,
Edwards, In re, 568 F.2d 1349, 196 USPQ 830 F.3d 1350, 119 USPQ2d 1739 (Fed.
465 (CCPA 1978) ....................................... 2138.05 Cir. 2016) ..... 2106.04(a)(1),
Edwards v. Strazzabosco, 58 USPQ2d 1836 2106.05(a), 2106.05(f), 2106.05(g),
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 2001 - 2106.05(h)
xx/xxx,xxxx) ................................................... 2305 Electric Storage Battery Co. v. Shimadzu,
Egbert v. Lippmann, 104 U.S. 333 (1881) 307 U.S. 5, 41 USPQ 155 (1938) .....
................................................................. 2133.03(a) 2133.03(b)
Egenera, Inc. v Cisco Sys., Inc., 972 F.3d Electromotive Div. of Gen. Motors Corp.
1367, 2020 USPQ2d 10997 (Fed. Cir. v. Transportation Sys. Div. of Gen. Elec.
2020) .......................................................... 1481.02 Co., 417 F.3d 1203, 75 USPQ2d 1650
Eggan, Ex parte, 1911 C.D. 213, 172 O.G. (Fed. Cir. 2005) ..... 2133.03(e)(4),
1091 (Comm’r Pat. 1911) ..... 403.01, 2133.03(e)(5)
403.02 Elekta Ltd. v. ZAP Surgical Sys., Inc., 81
Egyptian Goddess Inc. v. Swissa Inc., 543 F.4th 1368, 2023 USPQ2d 1100 (Fed.
F.3d 665, 88 USPQ2d 1658 (Fed. Cir. Cir. 2023) ................................................... 2143.02
2008) (en banc) ........................................... 1504.02 Eli Lilly & Co. v. Apotex, Inc., 837 Fed.
Ehrreich, In re, 590 F.2d 902, 200 USPQ Appx. 780, 2020 USPQ2d 11531 (Fed.
504 (CCPA 1979) ..... 2129, 2172, Cir. 2020) ............................................... 2173.05(u)
2411.01 Eli Lilly & Co. v. Bd. of Regents of the
Eibel Process Co. v. Minnesota & Ontario Univ. of Wa., 334 F.3d 1264, 67 USPQ2d
Paper Co., 261 U.S. 45 (1923) ..... 1161 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ................................. 2301.03
2106.05, 2106.05(b), 2173.05(b) Eli Lilly & Co. v. Barr Laboratories, Inc.,
E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. v. Berkley 251 F.3d 955, 58 USPQ2d 1869 (Fed.
and Co., 620 F.2d 1247, 205 USPQ 1 (8th Cir. 2001) ..... 804, 804.02, 1490,
Cir. 1980) .................................................... 2107.01 2144.08, 2165, 2165.01

E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. v. Phillips Eli Lilly & Co. v. Medtronic, Inc., 496 U.S.
Petroleum Co., 849 F.2d 1430, 7 USPQ2d 661, 15 USPQ2d 1121 (1990) .......................... 2750
1129 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ....................................... 2138

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Eli Lilly & Co. v. Teva Parenteral Environ Prods., Inc. v. Total Containment,
Meds., 845 F.3d 1357, 121 USPQ2d 1277 Inc., 43 USPQ2d 1288 (E.D. Pa. 1997)
(Fed. Cir. 2017) ...................................... 2173.05(h) ................................................................. 2001.06(c)
Eli Lilly & Co. v. Teva Pharms. Int’l Environmental Designs, Ltd. v. Union Oil
GmbH, 8 F.4th 1331, 2021 USPQ2d 862 Co., 713 F.2d 693, 218 USPQ 865 (Fed.
(Fed. Cir. 2021) .......................................... 2143.02 Cir. 1983) ..... 716.04, 716.05, 2141,
Eli Lilly & Co. v. Zenith Goldline Pharms., 2141.03
Inc., 471 F.3d 1369, 81 USPQ2d 1324 Envirotech Corp. v. Westech Eng’g, Inc.,
(Fed. Cir. 2006) ...................................... 2152.02(b) 904 F.2d 1571, 15 USPQ2d 1230 (Fed.
Eli Lilly, In re, 902 F.2d 943, 14 USPQ2d Cir. 1990) ................................................ 2133.03(b)
1741 (Fed. Cir. 1990) ..... 716.01(d), Enzo Biochem, Inc., v. Applera Corp., 599
716.02(b), 716.02(c), 2141, 2142, 2144, F.3d 1325, 94 USPQ2d 1321 (Fed. Cir.
2144.08 2010) ....................................................... 2173.05(b)
Elliott, Ex parte, 1904 C.D.103, 109 O.G. Enzo Biochem, Inc. v. Calgene, Inc., 188
1337 (Comm’r Pat. 1904) ......................... 608.02(g) F.3d 1362, 52 USPQ2d 1129 (Fed. Cir.
Ellis, In re, 476 F.2d 1370, 177 USPQ 526 1999) ....................................................... 2164.06(b)
(CCPA 1973) .......................................... 2141.01(a) Enzo Biochem, Inc. v. Gen-Probe, Inc., 323
Elmwood Liquid Prod., Inc. v. Singleton F.3d 956, 63 USPQ2d 1609 (Fed. Cir.
Packing Corp., 328 F. Supp 974, 170 2002) ........................ 2161.01, 2163, 2163.05, 2402
USPQ 398 (M.D. Fla. 1971) ............................ 2004 Enzo Life Sciences, Inc. v. Roche Molecular
Elsner, In re, 381 F.3d 1125, 72 USPQ2d Systems, Inc., 928 F.3d 1340 (Fed. Cir.
1038 (Fed. Cir. 2004) .................................. 2121.03 2019) ....................................... 2164.01(a), 2164.08

Eltgroth, In re, 419 F.2d 918, 164 USPQ Eon Corp. IP Holdings LLC v. AT&T
221 (CCPA 1970) ........................................ 2107.01 Mobility LLC, 785 F.3d 616, 114
USPQ2d 1711 (Fed. Cir. 2015) .....
EmeraChem Holdings, LLC v. Volkswagen 2106, 2106.05(b)
Grp. of Am., Inc., 859 F.3d 1341, 123
USPQ2d 1146 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ..... Epstein, In re, 32 F.3d 1559, 31 USPQ2d
715.01(a), 715.01(c), 716.10, 2155.01 1817 (Fed. Cir. 1994) .... 716.07, 2128,
2133.03(b), 2152, 2152.02(d)
Emerson Elec. Co. v. Davoil, Inc., 88 F.3d
1051, 39 USPQ2d 1474 (Fed. Cir. 1996) Erlich, Ex parte, 3 USPQ2d 1011 (Bd. Pat.
........................................................................... 2254 App. & Inter. 1986) ..... 2143.02,
2173.05(q)
Emert, In re, 124 F.3d 1458, 44 USPQ2d
1149 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ......................................... 804 Erlich, Ex parte, 22 USPQ 1463 (Bd. Pat.
App. & Inter. 1992) .......................................... 2124
Emery v. Ronden, 188 USPQ 264 (Bd. Pat.
Inter. 1974) .................................................. 2138.06 Ernsthausen v. Nakayama, 1 USPQ2d 1539
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1985) .....
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. v. Alpine 2165.01
Elecs., Inc., 355 Fed. App'x. 389 (Fed.
Cir. 2009) ......................................................... 2181 Estee Lauder, Inc. v. L’Oreal S.A., 129 F.3d
588, 44 USPQ2d 1610 (Fed. Cir. 1997)
Enfish, LLC v. Microsoft Corp., 822 F.3d ............................................................ 2138.05, 2163
1327, 118 USPQ2d 1684 (Fed. Cir. 2016)
..... 2106, 2106.04, 2106.04(a), Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. v. Covidien,
2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05, 2106.05(a), Inc., 796 F.3d 1312, 115 USPQ2d 1880
2106.05(d), 2106.05(f), 2106.06(b) (Fed. Cir. 2015) ........................................... 1504.02

Engelhardt v. Judd, 369 F.2d 408, 151 Ethicon, Inc., In re, 844 F.3d 1344, 121
USPQ 732 (CCPA 1966) ..... 2138.03, USPQ2d 1139 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ........................ 2141
2138.05 Ethicon, Inc. v. United States Surgical
Envirco Corp. v. Clestra Cleanroom, Inc., Corp., 135 F.3d 1456, 45 USPQ2d 1545
209 F.3d 1360, 54 USPQ2d 1449 (Fed. (Fed. Cir. 1998) ................................ 2109.01, 2181
Cir. 2000) ........................................................ 2181 Ethicon v. Quigg, 849 F.2d 1422, 7
USPQ2d 1152 (Fed. Cir. 1988) .....
1442.02, 2242, 2286, 2816, 2821

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Etter, In re, 756 F.2d 852, 225 USPQ 1 Fields v. Conover, 443 F.2d 1386, 170
(Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 2145, 2242, 2258, USPQ 276 (CCPA 1971) ..... 2163,
2279, 2286, 2816.02 2163.03
EWP Corp. v. Reliance Universal, Inc., 755 Fiers v. Revel, 984 F.2d 1164, 25 USPQ2d
F.2d 898, 225 USPQ 20 (Fed. Cir. 1985) 1601 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 2109,
................................................................... 716.03(b) 2138.04, 2161.01, 2163
Exxon Corp. v. Phillips Petroleum Co., 265 Fine, In re, 837 F.2d 1071, 5 USPQ2d 1596
F.3d 1249, 60 USPQ2d 1368 (Fed. Cir. (Fed. Cir. 1988) .... 707.07(f), 2143.01,
2001) .... 601.01(e), 706.07(h), 711.01, 2143.03, 2144
714.01(e), 714.03 Finisar Corp. v. DirecTV Group, Inc., 523
Eynde, In re, 480 F.2d 1364, 178 USPQ 470 F.3d 1323, 86 USPQ2d 1609 (Fed. Cir.
(CCPA 1973) ............................................... 2144.03 2008) ....................................... 2161.01, 2181, 2185
EZ Dock v. Schafer Sys., Inc., 276 F.3d Finley, In re, 174 F.2d 130, 81 USPQ 383
1347, 61 USPQ2d 1289 (Fed. Cir. 2002) (CCPA 1949) ............................................ 716.02(e)
......................................... 2133.03(e), 2133.03(e)(4) Fischer, In re Application of, 6 USPQ2d
Facius, In re, 408 F.2d 1396, 161 USPQ 294 1573 (Comm’r Pat. 1988) ......................... 711.03(c)
(CCPA 1969) ..... 715.01(a), 715.01(c), Fischer & Porter Co. v. Corning Glass
2109, 2132.01, 2136.04, 2136.05, 2137 Works, 61 F.R.D. 321, 181 USPQ 329
FairWarning IP, LLC v. Iatric Sys., Inc., (E.D. Pa. 1974) ............................................ 1701.01
839 F.3d 1089, 120 USPQ2d 1293 (Fed. Fisher, In re, 427 F.2d 833, 166 USPQ 18
Cir. 2016) ..... 2106.04, 2106.04(a), (CCPA 1970) ..... 2164.01(b), 2164.03,
2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(a), 2106.05(f), 2164.08, 2173.05(a), 2173.05(t), 2190
2106.05(h), 2106.07(a)
Fisher, In re, 421 F.3d 1365, 76 USPQ2d
Falkner v. Inglis, 448 F.3d 1357, 79 1225 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ..... 2103,
USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 2006) ........................ 2163 2107.01, 2164.07
Farrenkopf, In re, 713 F.2d 714, 219 USPQ Fisons Plc. v. Quigg, 876 F.2d 99, 10
1 (Fed. Cir. 1983) .............................. 2141.03, 2145 USPQ2d 1491 (Fed. Cir. 1989) .....
Fassett, 1877 C.D. 32, 11 O.G. 420 2751
(Comm’r Pat. 1877) .................................... 1410.02 Fitzgerald, In re, 619 F.2d 67, 205 USPQ
Feldman v. Aunstrup, 517 F.2d 1351, 186 594 (CCPA 1980) ......................... 2112, 2148, 2183
USPQ 108 (CCPA 1975) ............................. 2406.01 Fitzgerald v. Arbib, 268 F.2d 763, 122
Ferag AG v. Quipp, Inc., 45 F.3d 1562, 33 USPQ 530 (CCPA 1959) ..... 2138.05,
USPQ2d 1512 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ..... 2138.06
2133.03(b) Flint, In re, 411 F.2d 1353, 162 USPQ 228
Ferguson, Ex parte, 117 USPQ 229 (Bd. (CCPA 1969) .......................................... 2173.05(n)
App. 1957) ..... 2107.02, 2107.03, FMC Corp. v. Hennessy Indus., Inc., 836
2164.07 F.2d 521, 5 USPQ2d 1272 (Fed. Cir.
Ferguson, In re, 558 F.3d 1359, 90 USPQ2d 1987) .................................................................. 410
1035 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ..... 2106.03, FMC Corp. v. Manitowoc Co., 835 F.2d
2106.04(a)(1) 1411, 5 USPQ2d 1112 (Fed. Cir. 1987)
Fessmann, In re, 489 F.2d 742, 180 USPQ ............................................................................. 410
324 (CCPA 1974) ............................................. 2113 Folkers, In re, 344 F.2d 970, 145 USPQ 390
Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo (CCPA 1965) ............................................... 2107.02
Kabushiki Co., 535 U.S. 722, 122 [Link]. Fonar Corp. v. General Elec. Co., 107 F.3d
1831, 62 USPQ2d 1705 (2002) ..... 1543, 41 USPQ2d 1801 (Fed. Cir. 1997)
1302.14, 2173.02 ........................................................................... 2103
Field v. Knowles, 183 F.2d 593, 86 USPQ Fong, In re, 288 F.2d 932, 129 USPQ 264
373 (CCPA 1950) ................................... 2133.03(c) (CCPA 1961) .................................... 715.02, 715.03
Fielder, In re, 471 F.2d 640, 176 USPQ 300 Fontijn v. Okamoto, 518 F.2d 610, 186
(CCPA 1973) ........................... 716.01(a), 716.03(b) USPQ 97 (CCPA 1975) .......................... 1402, 1417

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Forman, In re, 463 F.2d 1125, 175 USPQ (Fed. Cir. 2009) ..... 803.02, 2117,
12 (CCPA 1972) ..................................... 2164.06(c) 2143.03
Fortel Corp. v. Phone-Mate, Inc., 825 F.2d Fressola, Ex parte, 27 USPQ2d 1608 (Bd.
1577, 3 USPQ2d 1771 (Fed. Cir. 1987) Pat. App. & Inter. 1993) .... 2173.05(r),
........................................................................... 2293 2173.05(s)
Fort Props., Inc. v. Am. Master Lease, LLC, Fressola v. Manbeck, 36 USPQ2d 1211
671 F.3d 1317, 101 USPQ2d 1785 (Fed. (D.D.C. 1995) .......................................... 608.01(m)
Cir. 2012) ........................ 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(g) Fried, In re, 312 F.2d 930, 136 USPQ 429
Forum US, Inc. v. Flow Valve, LLC, 926 (CCPA 1963) .................................................... 2190
F.3d 1346, 2019 USPQ2d 221227 (Fed. Fried, In re, 329 F.2d 323, 141 USPQ 27
Cir. 2019) ................................................... 1412.01 (CCPA 1964) ............................................ 608.01(p)
Foster, Ex parte, 1903 C.D. 213, 105 O.G. Frilette, In re, 412 F.2d 164, 162 USPQ 163
261 (Comm’r Pat. 1903) ............................... 715.04 (CCPA 1969) ............................................ 715.01(b)
Foster, In re, 343 F.2d 980, 145 USPQ 166 Fritsch v. Lin, 21 USPQ2d 1731 (Bd. Pat.
(CCPA 1965) ..... 2132.01, 2133, App. & Inter. 1991) ........................... 2109, 2138.06
2133.02, 2133.03(c)
Frye, Ex Parte, 94 USPQ2d 1072 (Bd. Pat.
Fotland, In re, 779 F.2d 31, 228 USPQ 193 App. & Inter. 2010) ..... App. No.
(Fed. Cir. 1985) ................................. 1403, 1412.03 xx/xxx,xxx, 1201, 1205.02
Fouche, In re, 439 F.2d 1237, 169 USPQ Fuge, In re, 272 F.2d 954, 124 USPQ 105
429 (CCPA 1971) ..... 608.01(p), (CCPA 1959) ............................................... 2126.02
716.02(b), 2107.01, 2164.07
Fujikawa v. Wattanasin, 93 F.3d 1559, 39
Fout, In re, 675 F.2d 297, 213 USPQ 532 USPQ2d 1895 (Fed. Cir. 1996) .....
(CCPA 1982) ..... 2129, 2143, 2143.01, 2163, 2163.05
2144.06
Fujishiro, Ex parte, 199 USPQ 36 (Bd. App.
Fox, Ex parte, 128 USPQ 157, 1960 C.D. 1977) ........................................................... 2135.01
28, 761 O.G. 906 (Bd. App. 1957) .....
608.04(a) Fulton, In re, 391 F.3d 1195, 73 USPQ2d
1141 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ..... 2123,
Fox, In re, 471 F.2d 1405, 176 USPQ 340 2141.02, 2143.01, 2145
(CCPA 1973) ............................................... 2144.03
Funk Bros. Seed Co. v. Kalo Inoculant Co.,
Fox Factory, Inc. v. SRAM, LLC, 813 Fed. 333 U.S. 127, 76 USPQ 280 (1948) .....
Appx. 539, 2020 USPQ2d 10546 (Fed. 2106.04(b), 2106.04(c)
Cir. 2020) .................................................. 716.01(b)
Future’s Technology Ltd. v. Quigg, 684 F.
Fox Factory, Inc. v. SRAM, LLC, 944 F.3d Supp. 430, 7 USPQ2d 1588 (E.D. Va.
1366, 2019 USPQ2d 483355 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ......................................................... 711.03(c)
2019) ............................................... 716.01(b), 2145
G, In re Application of, 11 USPQ2d 1378
Fredericksen, In re, 213 F.2d 547, 102 (Comm’r Pat. 1989) .................................. 711.03(c)
USPQ 35 (CCPA 1954) .......................... 2173.05(c)
Gallo, In re, 231 USPQ 496 (Comm’r Pat.
Fredkin v. Irasek, 397 F.2d 342, 158 USPQ 1986) .................................................................. 103
280 (CCPA 1968) ........................................ 2138.05
Gambro Lundia AB v. Baxter Healthcare
Freeman, In re, 23 App. D.C. 226 (App. Corp., 110 F.3d 1573, 42 USPQ2d 1378
D.C. 1904) .............................. 1503.01, 2920.04(a) (Fed. Cir. 1997) ................................................ 2137
Freeman, In re, 573 F.2d 1237, 197 USPQ Gandy v. Main Belting Co., 143 U.S. 587
464 (CCPA 1978) ............................................. 2184 (1892) ..................................................... 2133.03(d)
Freeman, In re, 30 F.3d 1459, 31 USPQ2d Garbo, In re, 287 F.2d 192, 129 USPQ 72
1444 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ....................................... 2250 (CCPA 1961) ............................................... 1504.03
Fregeau v. Mossinghoff, 776 F.2d 1034, Gardner, In re, 427 F.2d 786, 166 USPQ
227 USPQ 848 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 138 (CCPA 1970) ..... 2173.04,
2107.01, 2107.02 2173.05(h)
Fresenius USA, Inc. v. Baxter Int’l,
Inc., 582 F.3d 1288, 92 USPQ2d 1163

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Gardner, In re, 475 F.2d 1389, 177 USPQ Genentech, Inc. v. Chiron Corp., 112 F.3d
396 (CCPA 1973) ..... 601.01(d), 495, 42 USPQ2d 1608 (Fed. Cir. 1997)
2107.01, 2107.03, 2163 ............................................................ 2111.03, 2163
Gardner v. TEC Systems, Inc., 725 F.2d Genentech, Inc. v. Chiron Corp., 220 F.3d
1338, 220 USPQ 777 (Fed. Cir. 1984) 1345, 55 USPQ2d 1636 (Fed. Cir. 2000)
...................................................................... 2144.04 ...................................................................... 2138.05
Garfinkel, In re, 437 F.2d 1000, 168 USPQ Genentech, Inc. v. Novo Nordisk A/S, 108
659 (CCPA 1971) ............................................... 715 F.3d 1361, 42 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir.
Garnero, In re, 412 F.2d 276, 162 USPQ 1997) ........................................................... 2161.01
221 (CCPA 1979) ............................................. 2113 Genentech v. Wellcome Foundation, 29
Garret Corp. v. United States, 422 F.2d 874, F.3d 1555, 31 USPQ2d 1161 (Fed. Cir.
164 USPQ 521 (Ct. Cl. 1970) ..... 1994) ........................................................... 2164.04
2128.01 General Electric Co., In re, 789 F. App’x
Gartside, In re, 203 F.3d 1305, 53 USPQ2d 857, 2019 USPQ2d 399054 (Fed. Cir.
1769 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ................................. 2144.03 2019) ........................................... 1412.01, 1412.02

Gaubert, In re, 524 F.2d 1222, 187 USPQ General Electric Co. v. Brenner, 407 F.2d
664 (CCPA 1975) ... 2107.02, 2107.03, 1258, 159 USPQ 335 (D.C. Cir. 1968)
2173.05(h) ................................................................... 608.01(p)

Gaubert, In re, 530 F.2d 1402, 189 USPQ General Elec. v. United States, 206 USPQ
432 (CCPA 1975) ......................... 2107.02, 2107.03 260 (Ct. Cl. 1979) .............................. 2133.03(e)(1)

Gay, In re, 309 F.2d 769, 135 USPQ 311 General Elec. Co. v. Wabash Appliance
(CCPA 1962) ..... 608.01(h), 2161.01, Corp., 304 U.S. 364, 37 USPQ 466
2165.01 (1938) ..................................................... 2173.05(g)

Gazave, In re, 379 F.2d 973, 154 USPQ 92 General Electro Music Corp. v. Samick
(CCPA 1967) ..... 2107.01, 2107.02, Music Corp., 19 F.3d 1405, 30 USPQ2d
2107.03, 2164.07 1149 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ......................................... 410

Gazda, In re, 219 F.2d 449, 104 USPQ 400 General Foods Corp. v. Studiengesellschaft
(CCPA 1955) ............................................... 2144.04 Kohle mbH, 972 F.2d 1272, 23 USPQ2d
1839 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ......................................... 804
Gearon v. United States, 121 F. Supp. 652,
101 USPQ 460 (Ct. Cl. 1954) ..... General Hosp. Corp. v. Sienna
601.01(e) Biopharmaceuticals, Inc., 888 F.3d 1368,
126 USPQ2d 1556 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .....
Gebauer-Fuelnegg, In re, 121 F.2d 505, 50 2163.05
USPQ 125 (CCPA 1941) .......................... 608.01(v)
General Motors Corp. v. Bendix Aviation
Geiger, In re, 815 F.2d 686, 2 USPQ2d 1276 Corp., 123 F. Supp 506, 102 USPQ 58
(Fed. Cir. 1987) .......................... 716.02(e), 2144.06 (N.D. Ind. 1954) ................................. 2133.03(e)(6)
G.D. Searle LLC v. Lupin Pharm., Inc., 790 Genetic Techs. Ltd. v. Merial LLC, 818
F.3d 1349, 115 USPQ2d 1326 (Fed. Cir. F.3d 1369, 118 USPQ2d 1541 (Fed. Cir.
2015) .................................... 804.01, 1402, 1481.03 2016) ..... 2106, 2106.04(b), 2106.05,
Geisler, In re, 116 F.3d 1465, 43 USPQ2d 2106.05(d), 2106.05(h), 2106.07(a)
1362 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ........................ 2144.05, 2145 Genetics Institute LLC v. Novartis Vaccines
Gellert v. Wanberg, 495 F.2d 779, 181 and Diagnostics Inc., 655 F.3d 1291, 99
USPQ 648 (CCPA 1974) ............................. 2138.05 USPQ2d 1713 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ........................ 2750
Gelles, Ex parte, 22 USPQ2d 1318 (Bd. Pat. Geneva Pharms. Inc. v. GlaxoSmithKline
App. & Inter. 1992) ..... 716.02, PLC, 349 F.3d 1373, 68 USPQ2d 1865
716.02(b) (Fed. Cir. 2003) ..... 804, 804.01,
Gemveto Jewelry Co. v. Lambert Bros., 804.02, 804.04, 814, 1504.06
Inc., 542 F. Supp. 933, 216 USPQ 976 Gentry Gallery, Inc. v. Berkline Corp., 134
(S.D. N.Y. 1982) ..... 2001.06(a), 2004, F.3d 1473, 45 USPQ2d 1498 (Fed. Cir.
2016 1998) ................................. 2163, 2163.05, 2172.01

Rev. 01.2024, November 2024 II-20

 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

George, Ex parte, 21 USPQ2d 1058 (Bd. Glaxo Operations UK Ltd. v. Quigg, 706 F.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1991) ............................ 716.01(c) Supp. 1224, 10 USPQ2d 1100 (E.D. Va.
George, In re, 2 USPQ2d 1880 (Bd. Pat. 1989) ............................................................... 2751
App. & Inter. 1987) ..................................... 2128.01 Gleave, In re, 560 F.3d 1331, 90 USPQ2d
Gerber Garment Technology, Inc. v. Lectra 1235 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ............................. 2152.02(b)
Systems, Inc., 916 F.2d 683, 16 USPQ2d Goffe, In re, 542 F.2d 564, 191 USPQ 429
1436 (Fed. Cir. 1990) ..... 804.01, (CCPA 1976) ..... 2164.08, 2164.08(c),
804.02, 804.04 2172.01
Gershon, In re, 372 F.2d 535, 152 USPQ Golden Valley Microwave Food Inc. v.
602 (CCPA 1967) ........................ 716.02(c), 716.04 Weaver Popcorn Co., 837 F. Supp. 1444,
Ghiron, In re, 442 F.2d 985, 169 USPQ 723 24 USPQ2d 1801 (N.D. Ind. 1992) .....
(CCPA 1971) ..... 2161.01, 2164.06(a), 410
2164.01(b), 2164.06(c), 2164.06, Goldgaber, Ex parte, 41 USPQ2d 1172 (Bd.
2164.06(a), 2185 Pat. App. & Inter. 1996) .............................. 2144.09
Ghuman, Ex parte, 88 USPQ2d 1478, 2008 Goldstein, In re, 16 USPQ2d 1963 (Dep.
WL 2109842 (BPAI 2008) .......................... 1205.02 Assist. Comm’r Pat. 1988) ............................ 402.10
Giannelli, In re, 739 F.3d 1375, 109 Golight Inc. v. Wal-Mart Stores Inc., 355
USPQ2d 1333 (Fed. Cir. 2014) ..... F.3d 1327, 69 USPQ2d 1481 (Fed. Cir.
2111.04 2004) ................................................................ 2182
Gibbs, In re, 437 F.2d 486, 168 USPQ 578 Good, Ex parte, 1911 C.D. 43, 164 O.G.
(CCPA 1971) .................................................... 2134 789 (Comm’r Pat. 1911) ........................... 608.02(d)
Gibson, Ex parte, 20 USPQ 249 (Bd. App. Goodman, In re, 11 F.3d 1046, 29 USPQ2d
1933) ...................................................... 1504.01(b) 2010 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ... 804, 806.04(i),
Gibson, In re, 39 F.2d 975, 5 USPQ 230 1504.06, 2164.06(b), 2164.08
(CCPA 1930) ............................................... 2144.04 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Ex parte, 230
Gilead Sciences Inc. v. Lee, 778 F.3d 1341, USPQ 357 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1985)
113 USPQ2d 1837 (Fed. Cir. 2015) ..... ................................................................. 2141.01(a)
2732 GoPro, Inc. v. Contour IP Holding LLC,
Gilead Sciences, Inc. v. Natco Pharma Ltd., 908 F.3d 690, 128 USPQ2d 1447 (Fed.
753 F.3d 1208, 110 USPQ2d 1551 (Fed. Cir. 2018) ......................................................... 2128
Cir. 2014) ........................................................... 804 Gordon, In re, 733 F.2d 900, 221 USPQ
Gillette Co. v. Energizer Holdings Inc., 405 1125 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ..... 2143.01,
F.3d 1367, 74 USPQ2d 1586 (Fed. Cir. 2144.08
2005) ........................................................... 2111.03 Gorham Manufacturing Co. v. White, 81
Gillman v. Stern, 114 F.2d 28, 46 USPQ U.S. (14 Wall.) 511 (1871) .....
430 (2d Cir. 1940) ................................... 2133.03(a) 1504.01(c), 1504.01(d), 1504.02

Ginos v. Nedelec, 220 USPQ 831 (Bd. Pat. Gorman, In re, 933 F.2d 982, 18 USPQ2d
Inter. 1983) ................................... 2138.05, 2138.06 1885 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ..... 707.07(f),
2145
Glaser v. Strickland, 220 USPQ 446 (Bd.
Pat. Inter. 1983) ............................................. 716.09 Gosteli, In re, 872 F.2d 1008, 10 USPQ2d
1614 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ..... 608.01(p),
Glass, In re, 492 F.2d 1228, 181 USPQ 31 715.03, 2131.02, 2136.05, 2163.02,
(CCPA 1974) ..... 608.01(h), 608.01(p), 2163.03, 2163.05
2124, 2165.02
Gottlieb, In re, 328 F.2d 1016, 140 USPQ
Glavas, In re, 230 F.2d 447, 109 USPQ 50 665 (CCPA 1964) ........................................ 2107.02
(CCPA 1956) ............................................... 1504.03
Gottschalk v. Benson, 409 U.S. 63, 175
Glaxo Inc. v. Novopharm Ltd., 52 F.3d USPQ 673 (1972) ..... 2106, 2106.03,
1043, 34 USPQ2d 1565 (Fed. Cir. 1995) 2106.04, 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(c),
...................................................................... 2107.01 2106.05(f)

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Gould v. Quigg, 822 F.2d 1074, 3 USPQ2d Greenberg v. Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc.,
1302 (Fed. Cir. 1987) ..... 2164.02, 91 F.3d 1580, 39 USPQ2d 1783 (Fed.
2164.05(a) Cir. 1996) ......................................................... 2181
Gould v. Schawlow, 363 F.2d 908, 150 Greenewalt v. Stanley, 54 F.2d 195, 12
USPQ 634 (CCPA 1966) ............................. 2138.06 USPQ 122 (3d Cir. 1931) .....
GPAC, In re, 57 F.3d 1573, 35 USPQ2d 2133.03(e)(1)
1116 (Fed. Cir. 1995) .... 716.03, 2141, Greenfield, In re, 40 F.2d 775, 5 USPQ 474
2141.03, 2145 (CCPA 1930) ............................................... 1214.01
Grabiak, In re, 769 F.2d 729, 226 USPQ Greenfield, In re, 571 F.2d 1185, 197 USPQ
871 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 2144.08, 227 (CCPA 1978) ............................................. 2145
2144.09 Greenliant Systems, Inc. v. Xicor LLC, 692
Grady, Ex parte, 59 USPQ2d 276 (Comm’r F.3d 1261, 103 USPQ2d 1951 (Fed. Cir.
Pat. 1943) ...................................................... 607.02 2012) ........................................................... 1412.02
Graff, In re, 111 F.3d 874, 42 USPQ2d 1471 Greenwood v. Seiko Instruments, 8
(Fed. Cir. 1997) ..... 1403, 1412.03, USPQ2d 1455 (D.D.C. 1988) .......................... 2273
1451 Greer, In re, 484 F.2d 488, 179 USPQ 301
Graham v. John Deere, 383 U.S. 1, 148 (CCPA 1973) ................................................... 1605
USPQ 459 (1966) ..... 716.01(a), 804, Griffin v. Bertina, 285 F.3d 1029, 62
1504.03, 1504.06, 2141, 2142, 2144.08, USPQ2d 1431 (Fed. Cir. 2002) .....
2145, 2148, 2158, 2158.01, 2258 2103, 2111.04, 2143.03
Gramme Elec. Co. v. Arnoux and Griffith v. Kanamaru, 816 F.2d 624, 2
Hochhausen Elec. Co., 17 F. 838, 1883 USPQ2d 1361 (Fed. Cir. 1987) .....
C.D. 418 (S.D. N.Y. 1883) .......................... 2135.01 2138.06
Grams, In re, 888 F.2d 835, 12USPQ2d Griswold, In re, 365 F.2d 834, 150 USPQ
1824 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ... 2106.04(a)(1), 804 (CCPA 1966) .......................................... 804.02
2106.05(g)
Grose, In re, 592 F.2d 1161, 201 USPQ 57
Grant v. Raymond, 31 U.S. 218 (1832) ..... (CCPA 1979) ..... 2144.02, 2144.03,
1440 2145
Grasselli, Ex parte, 231 USPQ 393 (Bd. Group One, Ltd. v. Hallmark Cards, Inc.,
App. 1983) ................................ 2143.03, 2173.05(i) 254 F.3d 1041, 59 USPQ2d 1121 (Fed.
Grasselli, In re, 713 F.2d 731, 218 USPQ Cir. 2001) ............................ 2133.03(b), 2152.02(e)
769 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... 716.02(d), Grunwell, In re, 609 F.2d 486, 203 USPQ
2112, 2145 1055 (CCPA 1979) ...................................... 2107.02
Graver Tank & Mfg. Co. v. Linde Air GS Cleantech Corp. v. Adkins Energy LLC,
Products, 339 U.S. 605, 85 USPQ 328 951 F.3d 1310, 2020 USPQ2d 10092
(1950) ........................................... 2183, 2184, 2186 (Fed. Cir. 2020) ............................................... 2004
Gray, Ex parte, 10 USPQ2d 1922 (Bd. Pat. Guastavino, In re, 83 F.2d 913, 29 USPQ
App. & Inter. 1989) ........................ 716.01(c), 2113 532 (CCPA 1936) ....................................... 1449.02
Gray, In re, 115 USPQ 80 (Comm’r Pat. Gulack, In re, 703 F.2d 1381, 217 USPQ
1956) ........................................ 409.03(d), 409.03(f) 401 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... 2111.05,
Gray, In re, 53 F.2d 520, 11 USPQ 255 2112.01, 2143.03
(CCPA 1931) ............................................... 2111.03 Gulliksen v. Halberg, 75 USPQ 252 (Bd.
Great Atlantic & P. Tea Co. v. Supermarket App. 1937) .................................................. 2128.01
Equipment Corp., 340 U.S. 147, 87 Gunn, In re, 537 F.2d 1123, 190 USPQ 402
USPQ 303 (1950) ..... 716.01(a), 2143, (CCPA 1976) ..... 2164.05(a), 2164.06,
2143.01 2164.06(a), 2164.06(c)
Green v. The Rich Iron Co., 944 F.2d 852, Gunn v. Bosch, 181 USPQ 758 (Bd. Pat.
20 USPQ2d 1075 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ..... Inter. 1973) .................................................. 2138.06
1442.05
Gunter v. Stream, 573 F.2d 77, 197 USPQ
482 (CCPA 1978) ........................................ 2138.04

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Gurley, In re, 27 F.3d 551, 31 USPQ2d Hardee, In re, 223 USPQ 1122 (Comm’r
1130 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ............................. 2123, 2145 Pat. 1984) ......................................................... 2109
Gustafson, In re, 331 F.2d 905, 141 USPQ Hargraves, In re, 53 F.2d 900, 11 USPQ 240
585 (CCPA 1964) ................................... 2173.05(k) (CCPA 1931) ...................................................... 804
Gustafson v. Strange, 227 USPQ 174 Harley v. Lehman, 981 F. Supp. 9, 44
(Comm’r Pat. 1985) ........................................... 513 USPQ2d 1699 (D.D.C. 1997) .......................... 1308
Gwinn, Ex parte, 112 USPQ 439 (Bd. App. Harnisch, In re, 631 F.2d 716, 206 USPQ
1955) ........................................................... 2111.05 300 (CCPA 1980) ................................ 803.02, 2117
Hack, In re, 245 F.2d 246, 114 USPQ 161 Harrington Mfg. Co. v. Powell Mfg. Co.,
(CCPA 1957) ............................................... 2112.02 815 F.2d 1478, 2 USPQ2d 1364 (Fed.
Hadco Products, Inc., v. Lighting Corp. of Cir. 1986) ........................................... 2133.03(e)(2)
America, Inc., 312 F. Supp 1173, 165 Harris, In re, 409 F.3d 1339, 74 USPQ2d
USPQ 496 (E.D. Pa. 1970) ........................ 1503.02 1951 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ................................. 2144.05
Hafner, In re, 410 F.2d 1403, 161 USPQ Harry, In re, 333 F.2d 920, 142 USPQ 164
783 (CCPA 1969) ......................................... 211.05 (CCPA 1964) .................................. 715.07, 2138.06
Hageman, Ex parte, 179 USPQ 747 (Bd. Hartop, In re, 311 F.2d 249, 135 USPQ 419
App. 1971) ................................................... 211.05 (CCPA 1962) ................................ 2107.01, 2107.03
Hahn v. Wong, 892 F.2d 1028, 13 USPQ2d Haruna, In re, 249 F.3d 1327, 58 USPQ2d
1313 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ....................................... 2305 1517 (Fed. Cir. 2001) ................................. 1504.03
Hale, Ex parte, 49 USPQ 209 (Bd. App. Harvey, In re, 12 F.3d 1061, 29 USPQ2d
1941) ............................................ 715.09, 717.01(f) 1206 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 1504.03,
Hall, Ex parte, 83 USPQ 38 (Bd. App. 1949) 1504.04
....................................................... 2173.05(d), 2175 Harwood, In re, 390 F.2d 985, 156 USPQ
Hall, In re, 208 F.2d 370, 100 USPQ 46 673 (CCPA 1968) ........................................ 2107.01
(CCPA 1953) ........................................... 2173.05(j) Harza, In re, 274 F.2d 669, 124 USPQ 378
Hall, In re, 781 F.2d 897, 228 USPQ 453 (CCPA 1960) ............................................... 2144.04
(Fed. Cir. 1986) ..... 2128, 2128.01, Hasche, Ex parte, 86 USPQ 481 (Bd. App.
2128.02, 2152.02(e) 1949) ............................................. 2173.05(d), 2175
Hall v. Macneale, 107 U.S. 90 (1882) ..... Haskell v. Colebourne, 671 F.2d 1362, 213
2133.03(a) USPQ 192 (CCPA 1982) ............................. 2138.06
Halleck, In re, 422 F.2d 911, 164 USPQ 647 Hata, Ex parte, 6 USPQ2d 1652 (Bd Pat.
(CCPA 1970) .......................................... 2173.05(c) App. & Int. 1987) ........................................ 2404.02
Haller, Ex parte, 103 USPQ 332 (Bd. App. Hawkins, In re, 486 F.2d 569, 179 USPQ
1953) ................................................................ 2127 157 (CCPA 1973) ..................................... 608.01(p)
Halliburton Energy Servs., Inc. v. M-I LLC, Hawkins, In re, 486 F.2d 579, 179 USPQ
514 F.3d 1244, 85 USPQ2d 1654 (Fed. 163 (CCPA 1973) ..................................... 608.01(p)
Cir. 2008) ................................. 2173.02, 2173.05(g) Hawkins, In re, 486 F.2d 577, 179 USPQ
Hallmark Cards, Inc. v. Lehman, 959 F. 167 (CCPA 1973) ..................................... 608.01(p)
Supp. 539, 42 USPQ2d 1134 (D.D.C. Hayes, In re, 53 USPQ2d 1222 (Comm’r
1997) ............................................................... 1480 Pat. 1999) ..................................... 1412.03, 1414.03
Hamilton, In re, 882 F.2d 1576, 11 USPQ2d Hay, In re, 534 F.2d 917, 189 USPQ 790
1890 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ..... 2133.03(c), (CCPA 1976) ..... 608.01(h), 2165.01,
2133.03(e)(7) 2407.02
Hammack, In re, 427 F.2d 1378, 166 USPQ Hays v. Sony Corp. of Am., 847 F.2d 412,
204 (CCPA 1970) ........................................ 2173.03 7 USPQ2d 1043 (7th. Cir. 1988) ........................ 410
Hammack, In re, 427 F.2d 1384, 166 USPQ Hazeltine Research Inc. v. Brenner, 382
209 (CCPA 1970) ................................... 2173.05(e) U.S. 252, 147 USPQ 429 (1965) .....
Hanback, Ex parte, 231 USPQ 739 (Bd. Pat. 2136.02, 2158
App. & Inter. 1986) ..................................... 1504.04

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Heany, In re, 1911 C.D. 138 (Comm’r Pat. Hester Industries, Inc. v. Stein, Inc., 142
1911) ................................................. 2012, 2012.01 F.3d 1472, 46 USPQ2d 1641 (Fed. Cir.
Hearing Components, Inc. v. Shure Inc., 1998) ........................................... 1412.01, 1412.02
600 F.3d 1357, 94 USPQ2d 1385 (Fed. Hewlett-Packard Co. v. Bausch & Lomb
Cir. 2010) ...................................... 2145, 2173.05(b) Inc., 909 F.2d 1464, 15 USPQ2d 1525
Heck, In re, 699 F.2d 1331, 216 USPQ 1038 (Fed. Cir. 1990) ................................................ 2114
(Fed. Cir. 1983) ........................................ 804, 2123 Hiatt v. Ziegler, 179 USPQ 757 (Bd. Pat.
Heckman, Ex parte, 135 USPQ 229 (P.O. Inter. 1973) .................................................. 2138.04
Super. Exam. 1960) ..................................... 1504.05 Hibberd, Ex parte, 227 USPQ 443 (Bd. Pat.
Hedges, In re, 783 F.2d 1038, 228 USPQ App. & Inter. 1985) .......................................... 1601
685 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ..... 1207.03(a), Hidy, In re, 303 F.2d 954, 133 USPQ 650
2145 (CCPA 1962) .................................... 715.05, 804.02
Hedgewick v. Akers, 497 F.2d 905, 182 High Concrete Structures Inc. v. New Enter.
USPQ 167 (CCPA 1974) .................................. 2137 Stone & Lime Co., 377 F.3d 1379, 71
Heinl v. Godici, 143 F. Supp. 2d 593 (E.D. USPQ2d 1948 (Fed. Cir. 2004) .....
Va. 2001) ................................. 2246, 2258.01, 2274 2165.04

Hellbaum, In re, 371 F.2d 1022, 152 USPQ Hildebrand, Ex parte, 15 USPQ2d 1662 (Bd.
571 (CCPA 1967) ............................................. 2190 Pat. App. & Inter. 1990) ..... 2404.01,
2410.01
Hellsund, In re, 474 F.2d 1307, 177 USPQ
170 (CCPA 1973) ............................................... 715 Hill, In re, 284 F.2d 955, 128 USPQ 197
(CCPA 1960) ............................................ 716.02(d)
Helsinn Healthcare S.A. v. Teva
Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., 139 [Link]. Hill-Rom Co. v. Kinetic Concepts, Inc., 209
628, 129 USPQ2d 1189 (2019) ..... F.3d 1337, 54 USPQ2d 1437 (Fed. Cir.
2133.03, 2133.03(b), 2152.02(d) 2000) ................................................ 1302.04, 2181

Hengehold, In re, 440 F.2d 1395, 169 USPQ Hilmer, In re, 359 F.2d 859, 149 USPQ 480
473 (CCPA 1971) ..... 821, 1201, 2274, (CCPA 1966) ..... 715, 2136, 2136.03,
2731 2154.01(b)

Henrich, Ex parte, 1913 Dec. Comm’r Pat. Hilton, Ex parte, 148 USPQ 356 (Bd. App.
139 (Comm’r Pat. 1913) ........................... 711.03(c) 1965) ........................................................... 2144.04

Henriksen, In re, 399 F.2d 253, 158 USPQ Hiniker Co., In re, 150 F.3d 1362, 47
224 (CCPA 1968) .................................... 211.01(b) USPQ2d 1523 (Fed. Cir. 1998) .....
2103, 2242, 2258, 2258.01, 2274,
Heritage, In re, 182 F.2d 639, 86 USPQ 160 2816.02
(CCPA 1950) ................................................. 901.02
Hirao, In re, 535 F.2d 67, 190 USPQ 15
Herman v. Huddleston, 459 U.S. 375 (1983) (CCPA 1976) ............................................... 2141.02
...................................................................... 2107.02
Hirschfield v. Banner, 462 F. Supp 135, 200
Herman v. William Brooks Shoe Co., 39 USPQ 276 (D.D.C. 1978) .....
USPQ2d 1773 (S.D.N.Y. 1996) ......................... 410 2164.06(c)
Herr, In re, 377 F.2d 610, 153 USPQ 548 Hirschler, Ex parte, 110 USPQ 384 (Bd.
(CCPA 1967) .................................................... 2190 App. 1952) .................................................. 2132.01
Herrmann, In re, 261 F.2d 598, 120 USPQ Hitchings, In re, 342 F.2d 80, 144 USPQ
182 (CCPA 1949) ...................................... 707.07(f) 637 (CCPA 1965) ................................... 2164.01(c)
Hershberger, Ex parte, 96 USPQ 54 (Bd. Hitzeman v. Rutter, 243 F.3d 1345, 58
App. 1952) .................................................. 2128.01 USPQ2d 1161 (Fed. Cir. 2001) .....
Herschler, In re, 591 F.2d 693, 200 USPQ 2138.04
711 (CCPA 1979) ..... 2161.01, 2163, Hiyamizu, Ex parte, 10 USPQ2d 1393 (Bd.
2163.05 Pat. App. & Inter. 1988) .............................. 2141.03
Herz, In re, 537 F.2d 549, 190 USPQ 461 Hobbs v. United States, 451 F.2d 849, 171
(CCPA 1976) ............................................... 2111.03 USPQ 713 (5th Cir. 1971) ..... 2133.03,
2133.03(b)

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Hoch, In re, 428 F.2d 1341, 166 USPQ 406 USPQ2d 1039 (Fed. Cir. 1990) .....
(CCPA 1970) ..... 1207.03, 2142, 2173.05(a)
2144.08 Horton, Ex parte, 226 USPQ 697 (Bd. Pat.
Hockerson-Halberstadt, Inc. v. Avia Group App. & Inter. 1985) .......................................... 2258
Int’l, 222 F.3d 951, 55 USPQ2d 1487 Hospira, Inc. v. Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC,
(Fed. Cir. 2000) ............................................... 2125 946 F.3d 1322, 2020 USPQ2d 6227 (Fed.
Hodosh v. Block Drug Co., Inc., 786 F.2d Cir. 2020) ......................................................... 2112
1136, 229 USPQ 182 (Fed. Cir. 1986) Hostettler, In re, 356 F.2d 562, 148 USPQ
...................................................................... 2144.08 514 (CCPA 1966) .......................................... 715.03
Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft v. Quigg, 917 Hough, In re, 108 USPQ 89, 703 O.G.200
F.2d 522, 16 USPQ2d 1549 (Fed. Cir. (Comm’r Pat. 1955) ................................... 409.03(i)
1990) ............................................................... 2758
Houghton, In re, 433 F.2d 820, 167 USPQ
Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. 687 (CCPA 1970) ........................................ 2107.01
Lehman, 109 F.3d 756, 42 USPQ2d 1220
(Fed. Cir. 1997) ..................................... 2158, 2751 Hovlid v. Asari, 305 F.2d 747, 134 USPQ
162 (9th Cir. 1962) ..... 201.06(d),
Hoeksema, In re, 399 F.2d 269, 158 USPQ 211.01(b)
596 (CCPA 1968) ... 2121.01, 2121.02,
2141.01, 2144.09, 2145 Howarth, In re, 654 F.2d 103, 210 USPQ
689 (CCPA 1981) ..... 716.09,
Hoeschele, In re, 406 F.2d 1403, 160 USPQ 2164.01(b)
809 (CCPA 1969) ........................................ 2144.05
Hozumi, Ex parte, 3 USPQ2d 1059 (Bd.
Hoffer v. Microsoft Corp., 405 F.3d 1326, Pat. App. & Inter. 1984) ................................... 2117
74 USPQ2d 1481 (Fed. Cir. 2005) .....
2111.04 Hruby, In re, 373 F.2d 997, 153 USPQ 61
(CCPA 1967) .......................................... 1504.01(a)
Hoffman, Ex parte, 12 USPQ2d 1061 (Bd.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1989) .............................. 2111.03 Huang, In re, 100 F.3d 135, 40 USPQ2d
1685 (Fed. Cir. 1996) ..... 716.01(b),
Hoffman v. Klaus, 9 USPQ2d 1657 (Bd. 716.03, 716.03(b), 1504.01(c)
Pat. App. & Inter. 1988) .............................. 2107.02
Hubbell, In re, 709 F.3d 1140, 106 USPQ2d
Hoffman-La Roche, Inc. v. Promega Corp., 1032 (Fed. Cir. 2013) ......................................... 804
323 F.3d 1354, 66 USPQ2d 1385 (Fed.
Cir. 2003) ........................................ 608.01(p), 2004 Huber, Ex parte, 148 USPQ 447 (Bd. Pat.
App. & Inter. 1965) ..................................... 2172.01
Hogan, In re, 559 F.2d 595, 194 USPQ 527
(CCPA 1977) ................................ 2124, 2164.05(a) Huelster v. Reiter, 168 F.2d 542, 78 USPQ
82 (CCPA 1948) .......................................... 2138.06
Holladay, In re, 584 F.2d 384, 199 USPQ
516 (CCPA 1978) ..................................... 716.02(e) Hughes, In re, 345 F.2d 184, 145 USPQ 467
(CCPA 1965) .......................................... 1207.03(a)
Hollingsworth, In re, 253 F.2d 238, 117
USPQ 182 (CCPA 1958) .......................... 716.03(a) Hull v. Bonis, 214 USPQ 731 (Bd. Pat.
Inter. 1982) .................................................. 2138.05
Holmwood v. Cherpeck, 2 USPQ2d 1942
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1986) ..... Hull v. Davenport, 90 F.2d 103, 33 USPQ
2138.03 506 (CCPA 1937) ......................... 2138.01, 2138.06

Honeywell v. Diamond, 499 F. Supp. 924, Humber, Ex parte, 217 USPQ 265 (Bd. App.
208 USPQ 452 (D.D.C. 1980) ..... 1961) ......................................................... 716.02(e)
2165.04 Humphreys, Ex parte, 24 USPQ2d 1255
Honigsbaum v. Lehman, 903 F. Supp 8, 37 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) .....
USPQ2d 1799 (D.D.C. 1995) ............................ 513 2404.01, 2405

Honn, In re, 364 F.2d 454, 150 USPQ 652 Hunt Co. v. Mallinckrodt Chem. Works,
(CCPA 1966) ............................. 608.01(h), 2165.01 177 F.2d 583, 83 USPQ 277 (2d Cir.
1949) ............................................. 211.05, 1504.20
Hook, Ex parte, 102 USPQ 130 (Bd. App.
1953) ............................................................. 715.07 Hupp v. Siroflex of America, Inc., 122 F.3d
1456, 43 USPQ2d 1887 (Fed. Cir. 1997)
Hormone Research Foundation Inc. v. ...................................................................... 1504.02
Genentech Inc., 904 F.2d 1558, 15

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Huston v. Ladner, 973 F.2d 1564, 23 Impax Labs. Inc. v. Aventis Pharm. Inc.,
USPQ2d 1910 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ..... 468 F.3d 1366, 81 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed
2305 Cir. 2006) ............................ 2121, 2122, 2152.02(b)
Hyatt, In re, 211 F.3d 1367, 54 USPQ2d Impax Labs., Inc. v. Aventis Pharms. Inc.,
1664 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ....................................... 2111 545 F.3d 1312, 88 USPQ2d 1381 (Fed.
Hyatt, In re, 708 F.2d 712, 218 USPQ 195 Cir. 2008) ................................................ 2152.02(b)
(Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... 2164.08(a), IMS Technology Inc. v. Haas Automation
2173.05(g), 2181 Inc., 206 F.3d 1422, 54 USPQ2d 1129
Hyatt v. Boone, 146 F.3d 1348, 47 USPQ2d (Fed. Cir. 2000) ........................... 2181, 2183, 2184
1128 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ..... 2138.05, Incandescent Lamp Patent, In re, 159 U. S.
2163, 2163.03, 2304.02(c) 465, 16 S. Ct. 75 (1895) ............................. 2164.02
Hyatt v. Dudas, 492 F.3d 1365, 83 USPQ2d Innova/Pure Water Inc. v. Safari Water
1373 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ..... 2163, Filtration Sys. Inc., 381 F.3d 1111, 72
2163.04 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 2004) .....
Hyatt v. Dudas, 551 F.3d 1307, 89 USPQ2d 2173.05(g)
1465 (Fed. Cir. 2008) ..... 1204, 2163, Inphi Corporation v. Netlist, Inc., 805 F.3d
2163.04 1350, 116 USPQ2d 2006 (Fed. Cir. 2015)
Hyatt v. Hirshfeld, 998 F.3d 1347, 2021 .................................................................. 2173.05(i)
USPQ2d 591 (Fed. Cir. 2021) ......................... 2190 Intel Corp. v. PACT XPP Schweiz AG, 61
Hyatt v. USPTO, 797 F.3d 1374, 116 F.4th 1373, 2023 USPQ2d 297 (Fed. Cir.
USPQ2d 1331 (Fed. Cir. 2015) ........................ 2005 2023) ............................................................... 2143

Hybritech, Inc. v. Monoclonal Antibodies, Intel Corp. v. Qualcomm Inc., 21 F.4th 784,
Inc., 802 F.2d 1367, 231 USPQ 81 (Fed. 2021 USPQ2d 1259 (Fed. Cir. 2021) ....
Cir. 1986) ... 716.03(b), 2138.04, 2145, 2141
2163, 2164.01, 2164.05(a), 2184 Intel Corp. v. U.S. Int'l Trade Comm’n, 946
Hycor Corp. v. The Schlueter Co., 740 F.2d F.2d 821, 20 USPQ2d 1161 (Fed. Cir.
1529, 222 USPQ 553 (Fed. Cir. 1984) 1991) ................................................................ 2114
........................................................................... 2004 Intel Corp. v. VIA Tech., Inc., 319 F.3d
Hynix Semiconductor Inc. v. Rambus Inc., 1537, 65 USPQ2d 1934 (Fed. Cir. 2003)
645 F.3d 1336, 98 USPQ2d 1711 (Fed. ........................................................................... 2181
Cir. 2011) .................................................... 2161.01 Intellect Wireless v. HTC Corp., 732 F. 3d
IBSA Institut Biochimique, S.A. v. Teva 1339, 108 USPQ2d 1563 (Fed. Cir. 2013)
Pharm. USA, Inc., 966 F.3d 1374, 2020 ................................................................. 2004, 2010
USPQ2d 10865 (Fed. Cir. 2020) ..... Intellectual Ventures I LLC v. Capital One
2173.02 Bank (USA), N.A., 792 F.3d 1363, 115
I.C.E. Corp. v. Armco Steel Corp., 250 F. USPQ2d 1636 (Fed. Cir. 2015) .....
Supp 738, 148 USPQ 537 (S.D.N.Y. 2106, 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(f),
1966) ................................................................ 2128 2106.05(h)

ICON Health & Fitness, Inc., In re, 496 F.3d Intellectual Ventures I LLC v. Capital One
1374, 83 USPQ2d 1746 (Fed. Cir. 2007) Fin. Corp., 850 F.3d 1332, 121 USPQ2d
....................................................... 2141.01(a), 2143 1940 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ... 2106.04(a)(1),
2106.04(a)(2), 2106.05(f)
Idenix Pharms. LLC v. Gilead Scis. Inc.,
941 F.3d 1149, 2019 USPQ 2d 415844 Intellectual Ventures I LLC v. Erie Indem.
(Fed. Cir. 2019) ..... 2161.01, Co., 850 F.3d 1315, 121 USPQ2d 1928
2164.01(a), 2164.08 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ..... 2106.04(a)(1),
2106.05(f), 2106.05(g), 2106.05(h)
Idorsia Pharm., Ltd. v. Iancu, 811 Fed.
App’x 650, 2020 USPQ2d 10498 (Fed. Intellectual Ventures I LLC v. Symantec
Cir. 2020) ........................................................ 2731 Corp., 838 F.3d 1307, 120 USPQ2d 1353
(Fed. Cir. 2016) ..... 2106.04,
Immersion Corp. v. HTC Corp, 826 F.3d 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05, 2106.05(a),
1357, 119 USPQ 2d 1083 (Fed. Cir. 2106.05(d), 2106.05(f), 2106.05(h)
2016) ......................................................... 211.01(b)

Rev. 01.2024, November 2024 II-26

 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Intellicall, Inc. v. Phonometrics, Inc., 952 IPXL Holdings v. [Link], Inc., 430
F.2d 1384, 21 USPQ2d 1383 (Fed. Cir. F.2d 1377, 77 USPQ2d 1140 (Fed. Cir.
1992) ................................................. 2111.01, 2181 2005) ....................................................... 2173.05(p)
Intelligent Bio-Sys., Inc. v. Illumina Irish, In re, 433 F.2d 1342, 167 USPQ 764
Cambridge Ltd., 821 F.3d 1359, 119 (CCPA 1970) ............................................... 2136.01
USPQ2d 1171 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ..... Iron Grip Barbell Co., Inc. v. USA Sports,
2143.02 Inc., 392 F.3d 1317, 73 USPQ2d 1225
Intermountain Research and Eng’g Co. v. (Fed. Cir. 2004) .............................. 716.06, 2144.05
Hercules, Inc., 171 USPQ 577 (C.D. Cal. Irons, In re, 340 F.2d 974, 144 USPQ 351
1971) ................................................................ 2012 (CCPA 1965) ................................ 2107.02, 2164.07
International Glass Co. v. United States, Isaacs, In re, 347 F.2d 889, 146 USPQ 193
408 F.2d 395, 159 USPQ 434 (Ct. Cl. (CCPA 1963) ................................ 2107.02, 2107.03
1968) ............................................ 2138.03, 2141.03
Ishida Co. v. Taylor, 221 F.3d 1310, 55
International Seaway Trading Corp. v. USPQ2d 1449 (Fed. Cir. 2000) .....
Walgreens Corp., 589 F.3d 1233, 93 2184
USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 2009) .....
1504.02 Ishizaka, Ex parte, 24 USPQ2d 1621 (Bd.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) ........................... 716.02(b)
Internet Patents Corp. v. Active Network,
Inc., 790 F.3d 1343, 115 USPQ2d 1414 Jackson, Ex parte, 217 USPQ 804 (Bd. Pat.
(Fed. Cir. 2015) ..... 2106.04(a)(1), App. & Inter. 1982) ..... 2164.06,
2106.05(d), 2106.05(f) 2164.06(a), 2404.02

Interroyal Corp. v. Simmons Co., 204 USPQ Jaffe, Ex parte, 147 USPQ 45 (Bd. of App.
562 (S.D. N.Y. 1979) .... 2133.03(e)(1), 1964) ................................................................ 1504
2133.03(e)(3) J. A. La Porte, Inc. v. Norfolk Dredging Co.,
Interval Licensing LLC v. AOL, Inc., 766 787 F.2d 1577, 229 USPQ 435 (Fed. Cir.
F.3d 1364, 112 USPQ2d 1188 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ....................................................... 2133.03(b)
2014) ....................................................... 2173.05(b) Janakirama-Rao, In re, 317 F.2d 951, 137
Intirtool, Ltd. v. Texar Corp., 369 F.3d USPQ 893 (CCPA 1963) ..... 2111.03,
1289, 70 USPQ2d 1780 (Fed. Cir. 2004) 2163
...................................................................... 2111.02 Jansen v. Rexall Sundown, Inc., 342 F.3d
Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. v. Iancu, 938 1329, 68 USPQ2d 1154 (Fed. Cir. 2003)
F.3d 1371, 2019 USPQ2d 350004 (Fed. ...................................................................... 2111.02
Cir. 2019) ......................................................... 2732 Janssen Biotech, Inc., In re, 880 F.3d 1315,
Inventio AG v. Thyssenkrupp Elevator 125 USPQ2d 1525 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .....
Americas Corp., 649 F.3d 1350, 99 804.01, 1481.03, 2258
USPQ2d 1112 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ........................ 2181 Jazz Pharm., Inc. v. Amneal Pharm., LLC,
Invitrogen Corp. v. Biocrest Mfg., L.P., 327 895 F.3d 1347, 127 USPQ2d 1485 (Fed.
F.3d 1364, 66 USPQ2d 1631 (Fed. Cir. Cir. 2018) ...................................... 2128, 2152.02(e)
2003) ........................................................... 2111.03 Japikse, In re, 181 F.2d 1019, 86 USPQ 70
Invitrogen Corp. v. Biocrest Manufacturing (CCPA 1950) ............................................... 2144.04
L.P., 424 F.3d 1374, 76 USPQ2d 1741 J.E.M. Ag Supply, Inc. v. Pioneer Hi-Bred
(Fed. Cir. 2005) ..... 2133.03(a), Int’l, Inc., 534 U.S. 124, 60 USPQ2d
2133.03(c), 2152.02(c) 1865 (2001) .................................. 2105, 2106.04(b)
Invitrogen Corp. v. Clontech Laboratories, Jennings, In re, 182 F.2d 207, 86 USPQ 68
Inc., 429 F.3d 1052, 77 USPQ2d 1161 (CCPA 1950) ............................................... 1504.03
(Fed. Cir. 2005) ........................................... 2138.04 Jentoft, In re, 392 F.2d 633, 157 USPQ 363
Ionescu, Ex parte, 222 USPQ 537 (Bd. Pat. (CCPA 1968) ....................................... 804.02, 1490
App. & Inter. 1984) ..... 2143.03, 2171, Jessel v. Newland, 195 USPQ 678 (Comm’r
2173.06 Pat. 1977) ......................................................... 1605
Jockmus v. Leviton, 28 F.2d 812 (2d Cir.
1928) ................................................. 2121.04, 2125

II-27 Rev. 01.2024, November 2024

 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

John O. Butler Co. v. Block Drug Co. Inc., Joy Technologies Inc. v. Manbeck, 751 F.
620 F. Supp. 771, 226 USPQ 855 (D. Ill. Supp 225, 17 USPQ2d 1257 (D.D.C.
1985) ................................................................ 1504 1990) ......................................................... 716.03(a)
Johns-Manville Corp. v. Guardian Industries J. P. Stevens & Co. v. Lex Tex Ltd., 747
Corp., 586 F. Supp 1034, 221 USPQ 319 F.2d 1553, 223 USPQ 1089 (Fed. Cir.
(E.D. Mich. 1983) ....................................... 2165.01 1984) ................................................................ 2016
Johnson, In re, 282 F.2d 370, 127 USPQ Judin v. United States, 110 F.3d 780, 42
216 (CCPA 1960) ................................... 2164.01(c) USPQ2d 1300 (Fed. Cir. 1997) .......................... 410
Johnson, In re, 558 F.2d 1008, 194 USPQ Juicy Whip Inc. v. Orange Bang Inc., 185
187 (CCPA 1977) ..... 2164.08, F.3d 1364, 51 USPQ2d 1700 (Fed. Cir.
2173.05(i) 1999) ................................................................ 2104
Johnson, In re, 589 F.2d 1070, 200 USPQ Jung, In re, 637 F.3d 1356, 98 USPQ2d
199 (CCPA 1978) .............................. 2161.01, 2184 1174 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ..... 1205.02,
Johnson, In re, 747 F.2d 1456, 223 USPQ 1207.03, 1504.01(c)
1260 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ................................ 716.02(e) Juno Therapeutics, Inc. v. Kite Pharma, Inc.,
Johnson & Johnston Assoc. Inc. v. R.E. 10 F.4th 1330, 2021 USPQ2d 893 (Fed.
Serv. Co., 285 F.3d 1046, 62 USPQ2d Cir. 2021) ........................................................ 2163
1225 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ................................. 2173.02 Justus v. Appenzeller, 177 USPQ 332 (Bd.
Johnson Worldwide Associates v. Zebco Pat. Inter. 1971) ........................................... 2138.06
Corp., 175 F.3d 985, 50 USPQ2d 1607 K-2 Corp. v. Salomon S.A., 191 F.3d 1356,
(Fed. Cir. 1999) ................................ 2163, 2163.05 52 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 1999) .....
Jolles, In re, 628 F.2d 1322, 206 USPQ 885 2144.05, 2173.05(g)
(CCPA 1980) ..... 2107.01, 2107.02, K-Swiss Inc. v. Glide N Lock GmbH, 567
2107.03 Fed. App'x. 906 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .....
Jolley, In re, 308 F.3d 1317, 64 USPQ2d 2144.05
1901 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ..... 2138.04, Kaghan, In re, 387 F.2d 398, 156 USPQ 130
2138.06 (CCPA 1967) .................................................... 2190
Joly, In re, 376 F.2d 906, 153 USPQ 45 Kahn, In re, 202 USPQ 772 (Comm’r Pat.
(CCPA 1967) ................................ 2107.01, 2107.02 1979) ........................................................... 2012.01
Jones, Ex parte, 62 USPQ2d 1206, 1208 Kahn, In re, 441 F.3d 977, 78 USPQ2d 1329
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 2001) ........................... 2120 (Fed. Cir. 2006) ..... 2141, 2142, 2143,
Jones, In re, 162 F.2d 479, 74 USPQ 149 2143.01, 2144
(CCPA 1947) ................................................... 2117 Kaiser Industries Corp. v. Jones & Laughlin
Jones, In re, 958 F.2d 347, 21 USPQ2d 1941 Steel Corp., 515 F.2d 964, 185 USPQ
(Fed. Cir. 1992) .... 707.07(f), 2143.01, 343 (3d Cir. 1975) ....................................... 2012.01
2144, 2144.08 KangaROOS U.S.A., Inc. v. Caldor, Inc.,
Jones v. Hardy, 727 F.2d 1524, 220 USPQ 778 F.2d. 1571, 228 USPQ 32 (Fed. Cir.
1021 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ..... 2141.02, 1985) ................................................. 1504.20, 2004
2144.08 Kanter, In re, 399 F.2d 249, 158 USPQ 331
Jones v. Progress Ind., Inc., 163 F. Supp. (CCPA 1968) ............................................... 2116.01
824, 119 USPQ 92 (D. R.I. 1958) ..... Kao, In re, 639 F.3d 1057, 98 USPQ2d 1799
1504.02, 1504.03 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ..... 716.01(b),
Josserand, In re, 188 F.2d 486, 89 USPQ 717.01(b)(1) , 2111.05, 2112.01, 2145,
371 (CCPA 1951) ............................... 2133.03(e)(1) 2153.02

Jovanovics, Ex parte, 211 USPQ 907 (Bd. Kaplan, In re, 789 F.2d 1574, 229 USPQ
Pat. App. & Inter. 1981) .............................. 2107.03 678 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ........................................... 804

Joy Mfg. Co. v. National Mine Service Co., Kaslow, In re, 707 F.2d 1366, 217 USPQ
810 F.2d 1127, 1 USPQ2d 1627 (Fed. 1089 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... 2141.02,
Cir. 1987) ......................................................... 2246 2161.01, 2163.02

Rev. 01.2024, November 2024 II-28

 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Kathawala, In re, 9 F.3d 942, 28 USPQ2d Keyes, Ex parte, 214 USPQ 579 (Bd. App.
1785 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 2126, 1982) ......................................................... 716.01(c)
2126.02, 2135.01 Keystone Driller Co. v. Gen’l Excavator
Kattwinkle, Ex parte, 12 USPQ 11 (Bd. Co., 290 U.S. 240, 19 USPQ 228 (1933)
App. 1931) ................................................ 608.01(v) ........................................................................... 2012
Katz, In re, 467 F.2d 939, 167 USPQ 487 KeyStone Retaining Wall Systems Inc. v.
(CCPA 1970) .................................................... 2190 Westrock Inc., 997 F.2d 1444, 27
Katz, In re, 687 F.2d 450, 215 USPQ 14 USPQ2d 1297 (Fed. Cir. 1993) .....
(CCPA 1982) ..... 715.01(c), 716.10, 1504.05
717.01(a)(1) , 804, 2132, 2132.01, 2133, Khusid, Ex parte, 174 USPQ 59 (Bd. App.
2136.05, 2137, 2138.02, 2155.01 1971) ....................................................... 2173.05(c)
Katz Interactive Call Processing Patent Kilbey v. Thiele, 199 USPQ 290 (Bd. Pat.
Litigation, In re, 639 F.3d 1303, 97 Inter. 1978) ....................................................... 2137
USPQ2d 1737 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ..... Kim v. Quigg, 718 F. Supp. 1280, 12
2163, 2173.05(p), 2181 USPQ2d 1604 (E.D. Va. 1989) .....
Kaufman Co. v. Lantech, Inc., 807 F.2d 970, 711.03(c)
1 USPQ2d 1202 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ..... Kimbell, Ex parte, 226 USPQ 688 (Bd. Pat.
2293 App. & Inter. 1985) .......................................... 2258
Kawai v. Metlesics, 480 F.2d 880, 178 Kimberly-Clark v. Johnson & Johnson, 745
USPQ 158 (CCPA 1973) ..... 2107.02, F.2d 1437, 223 USPQ 603 (Fed. Cir.
2138, 2138.05, 2163.03 1984) ................................................................ 2138
Keil, In re, 808 F.2d 830, 1 USPQ2d 1427 Kimberly-Clark Corp. v. Procter & Gamble
(Fed. Cir. 1987) .......................................... 1449.02 Distrib. Co., 973 F.2d 911, 23 USPQ2d
Keizer v. Bradley, 270 F.2d 396, 123 USPQ 1921 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ..... 602.09,
215 (CCPA 1959) ........................................ 2138.06 2109.01
Keller, In re, 642 F.2d 413, 208 USPQ 871 Kimura, Ex parte, 55 USPQ2d 1537 (Bd.
(CCPA 1981) ................................... 707.07(f), 2145 Pat. App. & Inter. 2000) .............................. 2308.03
Kelly, In re, 200 USPQ 560 (Comm’r Pat. King, In re, 107 F.2d 618, 43 USPQ 400
1978) ........................................................... 1504.05 (CCPA 1939) ......................................... 2106.04(c)
Kelly, In re, 305 F.2d 909, 134 USPQ 397 King, In re, 801 F.2d 1324, 231 USPQ 136
(CCPA 1962) .......................................... 2173.05(o) (Fed. Cir.1986) ............................. 2112.02, 2131.01
Kemco Sales Inc. v. Control Papers Co., King Instrument Corp. v. Otari Corp., 767
208 F.3d 1352, 54 USPQ2d 1308 (Fed. F.2d 853, 226 USPQ 402 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
Cir. 2000) .............................................. 2183, 2184 .................................................. 2133.03(a), 2138.05
Kemps, In re, 97 F.3d 1427, 40 USPQ2d King Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. Eon Labs Inc.,
1309 (Fed. Cir. 1996) .................................. 2144.08 616 F.3d 1267, 95 USPQ2d 1833 (Fed.
Kendall v. Searles, 173 F.2d 986, 81 USPQ Cir. 2010) ..................................... 2111.05, 2112.01
363 (CCPA 1949) ........................................ 2138.06 Kirk, In re, 376 F.2d 936, 153 USPQ 48
Kennametal , Inc. v. Ingersoll Cutting Tool (CCPA 1967) ................................ 2107.01, 2107.02
Co., 780 F.3d 1376, 114 USPQ2d 1250 Kirsch, In re, 498 F.2d 1389, 182 USPQ
(Fed. Cir. 2015) ........................................... 2131.02 286 (CCPA 1974) ................................... 2173.05(c)
Kennecott Corp. v. Kyocera Int’l, Inc., 835 Kistler v. Weber, 412 F.2d 280, 162 USPQ
F.2d 1419, 5 USPQ2d 1194 (Fed. Cir. 214 (CCPA 1969) ............................................. 2305
1987) ............................................. 2163, 2163.07(a) Klein, In re, 647 F.3d 1343, 98 USPQ2d
Kerkhoven, In re, 626 F.2d 846, 205 USPQ 1991 (Fed. Cir. 2011) .............................. 2141.01(a)
1069 (CCPA 1980) ...................................... 2144.06 Klesper, In re, 397 F.2d 882, 158 USPQ 256
Key Mfg. Group Inc. v. Microdot, Inc., 679 (CCPA 1968) ............................................... 2136.02
F. Supp. 648, 4 USPQ2d 1687 (E.D. Klopfenstein, In re, 380 F.3d 1345, 72
Mich. 1987) ...................................................... 2293 USPQ2d 1117 (Fed. Cir. 2004) .....
2128.01, 2152.02(e)

II-29 Rev. 01.2024, November 2024

 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Kluis, Ex parte, 70 USPQ 165 (Bd. App. Kroekel, In re, 803 F.2d 705, 231 USPQ
1945) ................................................................ 1604 640 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ........................................... 715
Klumb, Ex parte, 159 USPQ 694 (Bd. App. Kroger, Ex parte, 219 USPQ 370 (Bd. App.
1967) ...................................................... 2175, 2181 1982) .. 716.10, 717.01(a)(1), 2132.01,
Knapp v. Anderson, 477 F.2d 588, 177 2155.01
USPQ 688 (CCPA 1973) ............................. 2107.01 Kronig, In re, 539 F.2d 1300, 190 USPQ
Knapp Monarch Co., In re, 296 F.2d 230, 425 (CCPA 1976) ..... 1207.03,
132 USPQ 6 (CCPA 1961) .......................... 2144.03 1207.03(a)

Knell v. Muller, 174 USPQ 460 (Comm’r Kropa v. Robie, 187 F.2d 150, 88 USPQ
Pat. 1971) ...................................................... 804.02 478 (CCPA 1951) ........................................ 2111.02

Knight, In re, 217 USPQ 294 (Comm’r Pat. KSR International Co. v. Teleflex Inc., 550
1982) ...................................................... 2225, 2258 U.S. 398, 82 USPQ2d 1385 (2007) .....
2114, 2141, 2141.01(a), 2141.03, 2142,
Knohl, In re, 386 F.2d 476, 155 USPQ 586 2143, 2143.01, 2143.03, 2144, 2144.05,
(CCPA 1967) ................................................. 804.02 2144.08, 2145, 2216, 2242, 2286,
Knowlton, In re, 481 F.2d 1357, 178 USPQ 2816.02
486 (CCPA 1973) .... 2164.06(c), 2181, Kubin, In re, 561 F.3d 1351, 90 USPQ2d
2185 1417 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ............................. 2143, 2145
Knowlton, In re, 500 F.2d 266, 183 USPQ Kubin, Ex parte, 83 USPQ2d 1410 (Bd. Pat.
33 (CCPA 1974) ..................................... 2164.06(c) App. & Int. 2007) ............................. 2143, 2143.01
Kochan, Ex parte, 131 USPQ 204 (Bd. App. Kuehl, In re, 425 F.2d 658, 177 USPQ 250
1961) ....................................................... 2173.05(n) (CCPA 1973) ............................................... 2116.01
Kohler, Ex parte, 1905 C.D. 192, 116 O.G. Kuhle, In re, 526 F.2d 553, 188 USPQ 7
1185 (Comm’r Pat. 1905) ..... 1503.02, (CCPA 1975) ............................................... 2144.04
1504.04
Kuklo, Ex parte, 25 USPQ2d 1387 (Bd. Pat.
Kollar, In re, 286 F.3d 1326, 62 USPQ2d App. & Inter. 1992) ................................ 2133.03(a)
1425 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ..... 2133.03(b),
2133.03(c) Kumar, In re, 418 F.3d 1361, 76 USPQ2d
1048 (Fed. Cir. 2005) .............................. 1207.03(a)
Koller, In re, 613 F.2d 819, 204 USPQ 702
(CCPA 1980) .......................................... 2124, 2163 Kulling, In re, 897 F.2d 1147, 14 USPQ2d
1056 (Fed. Cir. 1990) ..... 2144.05,
Kollman, In re, 595 F.2d 48, 201 USPQ 193 2144.08, 2145
(CCPA 1979) ............................................ 716.02(d)
Kusko, Ex parte, 215 USPQ 972 (Bd. App.
Kondo v. Martel, 220 USPQ 47 (Bd. Pat. 1981) ................................................. 2137, 2138.01
Inter. 1983) .................................................. 2138.02
Kyocera Wireless Corp. v. Int’l Trade
Kotzab, In re, 217 F.3d 1365, 55 USPQ2d Comm’n, 545 F.3d 1340, 89 USPQ2d
1313 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ....................................... 2144 1057 (Fed. Cir. 2008) ...................................... 2128
Krahn v. Commissioner, 15 USPQ2d 1823 LaBounty Mfg. Inc. v. United States Int’l
(E.D. Va. 1990) ......................................... 711.03(c) Trade Comm’n, 958 F.2d 1066, 22
Krammes, In re, 314 F.2d 813, 137 USPQ USPQ2d 1025 (Fed. Cir. 1992) .....
60 (CCPA 1963) ..... 1207.03, 2004, 2133.03, 2133.03(e), 2133.03(e)(2)
1207.03(a) Lafferty, Ex parte, 190 USPQ 202 (Bd. App.
Krepelka, Ex parte, 231 USPQ 746 (Bd. Pat. 1975) ................................................................ 1403
App. & Inter. 1986) ..................................... 2107.03 L.A. Gear, Inc. v. Thom McAn Shoe Co.,
Krimmel, In re, 292 F.2d 948, 130 USPQ 988 F.2d 1117, 25 USPQ2d 1913 (Fed.
215 (CCPA 1961) ......................... 2107.02, 2107.03 Cir. 1993) ................................................ 1504.01(c)
Kristensen, Ex parte, 10 USPQ2d 1701 (Bd. Lalu, In re, 747 F.2d 703, 223 USPQ 1257
Pat. App. & Inter. 1989) .... 2173.05(b), (Fed. Cir. 1984) ........................................... 2144.09
2173.05(o) Lamb, In re, 286 F.2d 610, 128 USPQ 539
Kroekel, In re, 504 F.2d 1143, 183 USPQ (CCPA 1961) ............................................... 1504.03
610 (CCPA 1974) ................................... 2173.05(c)

Rev. 01.2024, November 2024 II-30

 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Lamberti, In re, 545 F.2d 747, 192 USPQ Lee, In re, 277 F.3d 1338, 61 USPQ2d 1430
278 (CCPA 1976) ........................................ 2144.01 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ................................................ 2141
Lampi Corp. v. American Power Products Lee Pharmaceutical v. Kreps, 577 F.2d 610,
Inc., 228 F.3d 1365, 56 USPQ2d 1445 198 USPQ 601 (9th Cir. 1978) ......................... 2127
(Fed. Cir. 2000) .......................................... 2111.03 Lee v. Dayton-Hudson Corp., 838 F.2d
Lancaster, Ex parte, 151 USPQ 713, 1966 1186, 5 USPQ2d 1625 (Fed. Cir. 1988)
C.D. 20, 833 O.G. 8 (Bd. App. 1965) ..... ........................................................................... 1504
1504.02 Leggett v. Avery, 101 U.S. 256 (1879) .....
Land, In re, 368 F.2d 866, 151 USPQ 621 1490
(CCPA 1966) ................................ 2136.04, 2136.05 LeGrice, In re, 301 F.2d 929, 133 USPQ
Lander, Ex parte, 223 USPQ 687 (Bd. App. 365 (CCPA 1962) ..... 2121.03,
1983) ........................................................... 1504.02 2152.02(b)
Lange v. Comm’r, 352 F. Supp 116, 176 Leithem, In re, 661 F.3d 1316, 100 USPQ2d
USPQ 162 (D. D.C. 1972) .......................... 1701.01 1155 (Fed. Cir. 2011) .................................. 1207.03
Langenhoven, In re, 458 F.2d 132, 173 Lemelson, In re, 397 F.2d 1006, 158 USPQ
USPQ 426 (CCPA 1972) ............................. 2809.01 275 (CCPA 1968) ............................................. 2123
Langer, In re, 465 F.2d 896, 175 USPQ 169 Lemoine, Ex parte, 46 USPQ2d 1420 (Bd.
(CCPA 1972) ............................................... 2144.09 Pat. App. & Inter. 1994) ................................... 1204
Langer, In re, 503 F.2d 1380, 183 USPQ LendingTree, LLC v. Zillow, Inc., 656 Fed.
288 (CCPA 1974) ... 2107.02, 2107.03, App'x. 991 (Fed. Cir. 2016) .....
2124 2106.05(a)
Langer v. Kaufman, 465 F.2d 915, 175 Leo Pharm. Prod., Ltd. v. Rea, 726 F.3d
USPQ 172 (CCPA 1972) ............................. 2138.04 1346, 107 USPQ2d 1943 (Fed. Cir. 2013)
Lanham, In re, 1 USPQ2d 1877 (Comm’r ........................................................................... 2145
Pat. 1986) ......................................................... 2258 Le Roy v. Tatham, 55 U.S. (14 How.) 156
Lantech Inc. v. Kaufman Co. of Ohio, Inc., (1852) ..... 2106.04, 2106.04(a),
878 F.2d 1446, 12 USPQ2d 1076 (Fed. 2106.04(b)
Cir. 1989) ......................................................... 2145 Leshin, In re, 277 F.2d 197, 125 USPQ 416
Lapworth, In re, 451 F.2d 1094, 172 USPQ (CCPA 1960) ............................................... 2144.07
129 (CCPA 1971) ............................................. 1504 Leslie, In re, 547 F.2d 116, 192 USPQ 427
Larsen, In re, 10 Fed. App'x. 890 (Fed. Cir. (CCPA 1977) ................................ 1503.01, 1504.03
2001) ........................................ 2173.02, 2173.05(e) Levengood, Ex parte, 28 USPQ2d 1300 (Bd.
Larson, In re, 340 F.2d 965, 144 USPQ 347 Pat. App. & Inter. 1993) ..... 2143.01,
(CCPA 1965) ............................................... 2144.04 2144

Larson v. Classic Corp., 683 F. Supp. 1202, Levy, Ex parte, 17 USPQ2d 1461 (Bd. Pat.
7 USPQ2d 1747 (N.D. Ill. 1988) ..... App. & Inter. 1990) .......................................... 2112
1504.01(c) Liebel-Flarsheim Co. v. Medrad Inc., 358
Lawrence, Ex parte, 70 USPQ 326, 1946 F.3d 898, 69 USPQ2d 1801 (Fed. Cir.
C.D. 1 (Comm’r Pat. 1946) ..... 1457, 2004) ........................................................... 2111.01
1509 Lilienfeld, In re, 67 F.2d 920, 20 USPQ 53
Leapfrog Enterprises, Inc. v. Fischer Price, (CCPA 1933) ............................................... 2144.05
Inc., 485 F.3d 1157, 82 USPQ2d 1687 Lincoln Engineering Co. v. Stewart-Warner
(Fed. Cir. 2007) ..... 2114, 2143, Corp., 303 U.S. 545, 37 USPQ 1 (1938)
2143.01, 2145 .................................................................. 2173.05(j)
Lee, Ex parte, 31 USPQ2d 1105 (Bd. Pat. Lindberg, In re, 194 F.2d 732, 93 USPQ 23
App. & Inter. 1993) ..... 2131.03, (CCPA 1952) ............................................... 2144.04
2158.01 Lindell, In re, 385 F.2d 453, 155 USPQ 521
Lee, In re, 199 USPQ 108 (Comm’r Pat. (CCPA 1967) ............................................ 716.01(c)
1978) .................................................................. 803 Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GMBH v.
American Hoist & Derrick Co., 730 F.2d

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

1452, 221 USPQ 481 (Fed. Cir. 1984) Lowry, In re, 32 F.3d 1579, 32 USPQ2d
..................................... 716.03, 2164.01, 2164.05(a) 1031 (Fed. Cir. 1994) .................................. 2111.05
Lindner, In re, 457 F.2d 506, 173 USPQ Luck, In re, 476 F.2d 650, 177 USPQ 523
356 (CCPA 1972) ..... 716.01(c), (CCPA 1973) .......................................... 2173.05(o)
716.02(d), 2145 Ludtke, In re, 441 F.2d 660, 169 USPQ 563
Linear Tech. Corp. v. Impala Linear Corp., (CCPA 1971) ..................................... 2112.01, 2114
379 F.3d 1311, 72 USPQ2d 1065 (Fed. Lukach, In re, 442 F.2d 967, 169 USPQ 795
Cir. 2004) ......................................................... 2181 (CCPA 1971) ..... 211.05, 2152.02(b),
Linear Tech. Corp. v. Micrel, Inc., 275 F.3d 2163, 2163.05
1040, 61 USPQ2d 1225 (Fed. Cir. 2001) Lumenyte Int’l Corp. v. Cable Lite Corp.,
................................................................. 2133.03(b) 92 F.3d 1206 (Fed. Cir. 1996) .....
Links, Ex parte, 184 USPQ 429 (Bd. App. 711.03(c)
1974) ........................................................... 2135.01 Lund, In re, 376 F.2d 982, 153 USPQ 625
Lintner, In re, 458 F.2d 1013, 173 USPQ (CCPA 1967) .... 901.01, 901.02, 2127,
560 (CCPA 1972) ..... 2141, 2142, 2136.02
2143.01, 2144, 2144.08, 2145 Lundak, In re, 773 F.2d 1216, 227 USPQ
Liqwd, Inc. v. L’Oreal USA, Inc., 941 F.3d 90 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 2163, 2164.06,
1133 (Fed. Cir. 2019) ................................... 716.06 2164.06(a), 2406.01
Lister, In re, 583 F.3d 1307, 92 USPQ2d Lutzker v. Plet, 843 F.2d 1364, 6 USPQ2d
1225 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ..... 2128.02, 1370 (Fed. Cir. 1988) .................................. 2138.03
2152.02(e) Lyell, Ex parte, 17 USPQ2d 1548 (Bd. Pat.
Litchfield v. Eigen, 535 F.2d 72, 190 USPQ App. & Inter. 1990) ................................ 2173.05(p)
113 (CCPA 1976) ........................................ 2138.06 M & K Holdings, Inc. v. Samsung Elecs.
Litton Systems, Inc. v. Whirlpool Corp., Co., 985 F.3d 1376, 2021 USPQ2d 123
728 F.2d 1423, 221 USPQ 97 (Fed. Cir. (Fed. Cir. 2021) .......................................... 2128.01
1984) ........................ 601.01(e), 716.03(b), 1504.03 Maas, Ex parte, 9 USPQ2d 1746 (Bd. Pat.
LizardTech, Inc. v. Earth Resource App. & Inter. 1987) ..................................... 2107.03
Mapping, Inc., 424 F.3d 1336, 76 Maatita, In re, 900 F.3d 1369, 127 USPQ2d
USPQ2d 1724 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ..... 1640 (Fed. Cir. 2018) ..... 1503.02,
2161.01, 2163 1504.04
Lockheed Aircraft Corporation v. United Mackay Radio & Tel. Co. v. Radio Corp.
States, 193 USPQ 449 (Ct. Cl. 1977) ..... of America, 306 U.S. 86, 40 USPQ 199
2183, 2184 (1939) ............................. 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(b)
Lockwood v. American Airlines, Inc., 107 MacMillan v. Moffett, 432 F.2d 1237, 167
F.3d 1505, 41 USPQ2d 1961 (Fed. Cir. USPQ 550 (CCPA 1970) ............................. 2138.04
1997) .............................. 2133.03(a), 2163, 2163.02
Mageli, In re, 470 F.2d 1380, 176 USPQ
Lohman, Ex parte, 1912 C.D. 336, 184 O.G. 305 (CCPA 1973) ..................................... 716.03(b)
287 (Comm’r Pat. 1912) ............................. 1503.02
Magerlein, In re, 602 F.2d 366, 202 USPQ
Lonardo, In re, 119 F.3d 960, 43 USPQ2d 473 (CCPA 1979) ..................................... 716.02(b)
1262 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ..... 804, 2217,
2258 Magnetics v. Arnold Eng’g Co., 438 F.2d
72, 168 USPQ 392 (7th Cir. 1971) .....
Longi, In re, 759 F.2d 887, 225 USPQ 645 2133.03(e)(7)
(Fed. Cir. 1985) ................................... 804, 1504.06
MagSil Corp. v. Hitachi Global Storage
Lopresti, In re, 333 F.2d 932, 142 USPQ Technologies, Inc., 687 F.3d 1377, 103
177 (CCPA 1964) ............................................... 715 USPQ2d 1769 (Fed. Cir. 2012) .....
Lorenz v. Finkl, 333 F.2d 885, 142 USPQ 2161.01, 2164.06(a)
26 (CCPA 1964) ....................................... 711.03(c) Mahurkar v. C.R. Bard, Inc., 79 F.3d 1572,
Loughlin v. Ling, 684 F.3d 1289, 103 38 USPQ2d 1288 (Fed. Cir. 1996) .....
USPQ2d 1413 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ..... 2163
2304.02(c)

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Malachowski, In re, 530 F.2d 1402, 189 Marzocchi, In re, 439 F.2d 220, 169 USPQ
USPQ 432 (CCPA 1976) ..... 2107.02, 367 (CCPA 1971) ... 2107.01, 2107.02,
2107.03 2124, 2163, 2163.04, 2164.03, 2164.04,
Maldague, In re, 10 USPQ2d 1477 (Comm’r 2164.08
Pat. 1988) .................................................. 711.03(c) Masco Corp. v. United States, 303 F.3d
Maloney, In re, 411 F.2d 1321, 162 USPQ 1316, 64 USPQ2d 1182 (Fed. Cir. 2002)
98 (CCPA 1969) .......................................... 2144.09 ........................................................................... 2181

Malvern Panalytical Inc. v. TA Masham, Ex parte, 2 USPQ2d 1647 (Bd.

Instruments-Waters LLC, 85 F.4th 1365, Pat. App. & Inter. 1987) ................................... 2114
2023 USPQ2d 1297 (Fed. Cir. 2023) ..... Mas-Hamilton Group v. LaGard, Inc., 156
2111.01 F.3d 1206, 48 USPQ2d 1010 (Fed. Cir.
Mancy, In re, 499 F.2d 1289, 182 USPQ 1998) ............................................................... 2181
303 (CCPA 1974) ........................................ 2116.01 Massachusetts Institute of Technology v.
Mann, In re, 861 F.2d 1581, 8 USPQ2d A.B. Fortia, 774 F.2d 1104, 227 USPQ
2030 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ..... 1504.02, 428 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 2128.01,
1504.04, 2133.03(e)(6) 2152.02(e), 2164.01

Mannesmann Demag Corp. v. Engineered Massachusetts Institute of Technology and

Metal Products Co., 793 F.2d 1279, 230 Electronics For Imaging, Inc. v. Abacus
USPQ 45 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ........................... 2111.03 Software, 462 F.3d 1344, 80 USPQ2d
1225 (Fed. Cir. 2006) ........................ 2173.01, 2181
Mantell, In re, 454 F.2d 1398, 172 USPQ
530 (CCPA 1972) .......................................... 715.03 Mastermine Software, Inc. v. Microsoft
Corp., 874 F.3d 1307, 124 USPQ2d 1618
Manville Sales Corp. v. Paramount Sys., (Fed. Cir. 2017) ...................................... 2173.05(p)
Inc., 917 F.2d 544, 16 USPQ2d 1587
(Fed. Cir. 1990) ........................ 2133.03, 2133.03(a) Mathews, In re, 408 F.2d 1393, 161 USPQ
276 (CCPA 1969) ..... 715.01(c),
Marden, In re, 47 F.2d 958, 8 USPQ 347 2136.04, 2136.05
(CCPA 1931) .......................................... 2106.04(c)
Mattison, In re, 509 F.2d 563, 184 USPQ
Margolis, In re, 785 F.2d 1029, 228 USPQ 484 (CCPA 1975) ..... 2173.05(b),
940 (Fed. Cir. 1986) .................................. 716.01(a) 2173.05(c)
Margolis v. Banner, 599 F.2d 435, 202 Mattor v. Coolegem, 530 F.2d 1391, 189
USPQ 365 (CCPA 1979) ............................... 804.03 USPQ 201 (CCPA 1976) .................................. 2109
Marinissen, Ex parte, 155 USPQ 528, 842 Mattson, In re, 208 USPQ 168 (Comm’r
O.G. 528 (Bd. App. 1966) ........................... 1504.02 Pat. 1980) .................................................. 601.01(e)
Markush, Ex parte, 1925 C.D. 126, 340 Mattullath, In re, 38 App. D.C. 497 (1912)
O.G. 839 (Comm’r Pat. 1924) ..... ........................................................................... 2734
803.02, 2117, 2173.05(h)
Maucorps, In re, 609 F.2d 481, 203 USPQ
Marosi, In re, 710 F.2d 799, 218 USPQ 289 812 (CCPA 1979) ..... 2106.04(a)(1),
(Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... 2111.01, 2113, 2184
2158.01, 2173.05(b), 2173.05(g)
May, In re, 574 F.2d 1082, 197 USPQ 601
Mars Inc. v. H.J. Heinz Co., 377 F.3d 1369, (CCPA 1978) ... 716.02(c), 1207.03(a),
71 USPQ2d 1837 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ..... 2112.02, 2144.08, 2144.09
2111.03
Mayewsky, In re, 860 F.2d 430, 162 USPQ
Marsh Eng’g Co., In re, 1913 C.D. 183 86 (E.D. Va. 1969) ...................................... 1701.01
(Comm’r Pat. 1913) ........................................... 103
Mayhew, In re, 527 F.2d 1229, 188 USPQ
Martin, In re, 154 F.2d 126, 69 USPQ 75 356 (CCPA 1976) ..... 2163, 2163.05,
(CCPA 1946) ............................................... 1211.03 2164.08(c), 2172.01, 2174
Martin v. Johnson, 454 F.2d 746, 172 USPQ Mayne, In re, 104 F.3d 1339, 41 USPQ2d
391 (CCPA 1972) .......................... 2163, 2173.05(t) 1451 (Fed. Cir. 1977) ........................ 2144.09, 2145
Martin v. Mayer, 823 F.2d 500, 3 USPQ2d Mayo Collaborative Services v. Prometheus
1333 (Fed. Cir. 1987) ...................................... 2163 Labs., Inc., 566 U.S. 66, 101 USPQ2d
1961 (2012) ..... 2106, 2106.04,

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

2106.04(a)(1),2106.04(a)(2),2106.04(b), 2106.05(b), 2106.05(c), 2106.05(f),

2106.05, 2106.05(c), 2106.05(d), 2106.06(b)
2106.05(f), 2106.05(g), 2106.05(h), McRO, Inc. v. Bandai Namco Games Am.
2106.06, 2106.07(b) Inc., 959 F.3d 1091, 2020 USPQ2d 10550
Mayo Found. for Med. Educ. & Research (Fed. Cir. 2020) ..... 2164.01(a),
v. Iancu, 938 F.3d 1343, 2019 USPQ2d 2164.08
346079 (Fed. Cir. 2019) ................................... 2731 Mead, In re, 581 F.2d 251, 198 USPQ 412
Mazer v. Stein, 347 U.S. 201, 100 USPQ (CCPA 1978) ............................................... 1412.01
325 (1954) ........................................................ 1512 Mead Johnson & Co., Ex parte, 227 USPQ
Maziere, Ex parte, 27 USPQ2d 1705 (Bd. 78 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1985) .....
Pat. App. & Inter. 1993) ........................... 608.01(p) 716.02(a)
MBO Laboratories, Inc. v. Becton, Mead Johnson Pharmaceutical Group v.
Dickinson & Co., 602 F.3d 1306, 94 Bowen, 838 F.2d 1332, 6 USPQ2d 1565
USPQ2d 1598 (Fed. Cir. 2010) ..... (DC Cir. 1988) ........................................... 2754.01
1412.02 Media Rights Technologies, Inc. v. Capital
McCulloch Gas Processing Co. v. Dept. of One Financial Corp., 800 F.3d 1366, 116
Energy, 650 F.2d 1216 (Temp. Emer. Ct. USPQ2d 1144 (Fed. Cir. 2015) ........................ 2181
App. 1981) .................................................. 1701.01 Medical Instrumentation & Diagnostics
McAward, Ex parte, Appeal 2015-006416 Corp. v. Elekta AB, 344 F.3d 1205, 68
(PTAB Aug. 25, 2017) ................................ 2173.02 USPQ2d 1263 (Fed. Cir. 2003) .....
McCullough, Ex parte, 7 USPQ2d 1889 2181, 2182
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1987) ........................... 2145 Medichem, S.A. v. Rolabo, S.L., 437 F.3d
McDaniel, In re, 293 F.3d 1379, 63 1157, 77 USPQ2d 1865 (Fed Cir. 2006)
USPQ2d 1462 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ..... ....................................................... 2141.02, 2143.01
1205.02 Medicines Co. v. Hospira, Inc., 827 F.3d
McDonald, In re, 43 F.4th 1340, 2022 1363, 119 USPQ2d 1329 (Fed. Cir. 2016)
USPQ2d 745 (Fed. Cir. 2022) ..... ................................................................. 2133.03(b)
1412.02 Medrad, Inc. v. MRI Devices Corp., 401
McGaughey, Ex parte, 6 USPQ2d 1334 (Bd. F.3d 1313, 74 USPQ2d 1184 (Fed. Cir.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1988) ......................... 2217, 2258 2005) ........................................................... 2173.02

McGrady v. Aspenglas Corp., 487 F. Supp Medrad, Inc. v. Tyco Healthcare Group LP,
859, 208 USPQ 242 (S.D. N.Y. 1981) .... 466 F.3d 1047, 80 USPQ2d 1526 (Fed.
1503.01, 1504.01(a) Cir. 2006) ......................................................... 1402

McGrew, In re, 120 F.3d 1236, 43 USPQ2d Medtronic, Inc. v. Barry, 891 F.3d 1368,
1632 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ..... 715.05, 127 USPQ2d 1208 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .....
2304.02(c) 2128

McKellin, In re, 529 F.2d 1342, 188 USPQ Medtronic, Inc. v. Cardiac Pacemakers, 721
428 (CCPA 1976) ............................................... 715 F.2d 1563, 220 USPQ 97 (Fed. Cir. 1983)
................................................................. 2141.01(a)
McKenna, In re, 203 F.2d 717, 97 USPQ
348 (CCPA 1953) ..................................... 716.01(c) Mehta, Ex parte, Appeal No. 2000-0160
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 2002) .....
McLaughlin, In re, 443 F.2d 1392, 170 2172.01
USPQ 209 (CCPA 1971) ..... 707.07(f),
2145 Meitzner v. Corte, 537 F.2d 524, 190 USPQ
407 (CCPA 1976) ........................................ 2138.05
McNeil-PPC, In re, 574 F.3d 1393, 91
USPQ2d 1576 (Fed. Cir. 2009) ..... Mendenhall v. Cedarapids, Inc., 5 F.3d
1214.01 1557, 28 USPQ2d 1081 (Fed. Cir. 1993)
....................................................................... 211.05
McRO, Inc. v. Bandai Namco Games
America, Inc. 837 F.3d 1299, 120 Mentor Corp. v. Coloplast, Inc., 998 F.2d
USPQ2d 1091 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ..... 992, 27 USPQ2d 1521 (Fed. Cir. 1993)
2106,2106.04,2106.04(a),2106.04(a)(1), ...................................................................... 1412.02
2106.04(a)(2), 2106.05, 2106.05(a),

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Mentor Graphics v. EVE-USA, Inc., 851 Micro Chemical, Inc. v. Great Plains
F.3d 1275, 112 USPQ2d 1120 (Fed. Cir. Chemical Co., 103 F.3d 1538, 41
2017) ......................... 2106, 2106.03, 2106.04(a)(2) USPQ2d 1238 (Fed. Cir. 1997) .....
Merchant, In re, 575 F.2d 865, 197 USPQ 2133.03(b)
785 (CCPA 1978) ..................................... 716.02(e) Microsoft Corp. v. AT&T Corp., 550 U.S.
Merck & Cie v. Gnosis S.p.A., 808 F.3d 437, 82 USPQ2d 1400 (2007) .....
829, 117 USPQ2d 1393 (Fed. Cir. 2015) 2106.03, 2106.04(a)(2)
................................................................... 716.03(b) Midwest Indus., Inc. v. Karavan Trailers,
Merck & Co., Inc. In re, 800 F.2d 1091, 231 Inc., 175 F.3d 1356, 50 USPQ2d 1672
USPQ 375 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ......................... 2141.03 (Fed. Cir. 1999) ........................... 716.03(b), 716.06

Merck & Co. v. Biocraft Laboratories, 874 Milburn v. Davis-Bournonville Co., 270
F.2d 804, 10 USPQ2d 1843 (Fed. Cir. U.S. 390, 46 S. Ct. 324, 1926 C.D. 303,
1989) ..... 716.02(a), 2123, 2144.05, 344 O.G. 817 (1926) ................................... 2136.04
2144.08 Miles Labs. Inc. v. Shandon Inc., 997 F.2d
Merck & Co., Inc., In re, 800 F.2d 1091, 870, 27 USPQ2d 1123 (Fed. Cir. 1993)
231 USPQ 375 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ..... ................................................................... 716.01(a)
707.07(f), 716.02, 2143.02, 2144.08, Miller, In re, 418 F.2d 1392, 164 USPQ 46
2144.09, 2145 (CCPA 1969) ................................ 2111.05, 2112.01
Merck & Co., Inc. v. Hi-Tech Pharmacal, Miller, In re, 441 F.2d 689, 169 USPQ 597
Co., Inc., 482 F.3d 1317, 82 USPQ2d (CCPA 1971) ................................ 2143.03, 2173.04
1203 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ..... 804.05,2701, Miller v. Eagle Mfg. Co., 151 U.S. 186
2751 (1894) ....................................... 804, 804.01, 804.02
Merck & Co. v. Teva Pharms. USA, Inc., Mills, In re, 281 F.2d 218, 126 USPQ 513
395 F.3d 1364, 73 USPQ2d 1641 (Fed. (CCPA 1960) ............................................... 2144.09
Cir. 2005) .................................................... 2111.01
Mills, In re, 916 F.2d 680, 16 USPQ2d 1430
Mergenthaler v. Scudder, 11 App. D.C., (Fed. Cir. 1990) ........................................... 2144.08
1897 C.D. 724, 81 O.G. 1417 (D.C. Cir.
1897) ...................................... 715, 715.07, 2146.02 Milton, Ex parte, 63 USPQ 132 (P.O. Super.
Exam. 1938) ............................................. 710.04(a)
Messick, Ex parte, 7 USPQ 57, 1930 C.D.
6, 400 O.G. 3 (Comm’r Pat.1930) ..... Minerals Separation, Ltd. v. Hyde, 242 U.S.
710.01(a) 261 (1916) .................................... 2144.05, 2164.01

Metabolite Labs., Inc. v. Lab. Corp. of Am. Minton v. Natl. Ass’n. of Securities Dealers,
Holdings, 370 F.3d 1354, 71 USPQ2d Inc., 336 F.3d 1373, 67 USPQ2d 1614
1081 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ........................ 2111.02, 2112 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ..... 2106.03, 2111.04,
2133.03(c)
Metcalfe, In re, 410 F.2d 1378, 161 USPQ
789 (CCPA 1969) ..... 608.01(v), Miyazaki, Ex parte, 89 USPQ2d 1207 (Bd.
2404.01 Pat. App. & Inter. 2008) ......................... 2173.05(b)

Metropolitan Eng. Co. v. Coe, 78 F.2d 199, Mlot-Fijalkowski, In re, 676 F.2d 666, 213
25 USPQ 216 (D.C. Cir. 1935) ..... USPQ 713 (CCPA 1982) ........................ 2141.01(a)
716.07 Moba, B.V. v. Diamond Automation, Inc.,
Meyer, Ex parte, 6 USPQ2d 1966 (Bd. Pat. 325 F.3d 1306, 66 USPQ2d 1429 (Fed.
App. & Inter. 1988) .......................................... 2145 Cir. 2003) ......................................................... 2163

Meyer, In re, 599 F.2d 1026, 202 USPQ 175 Mochel, In re, 470 F.2d 638, 176 USPQ 194
(CCPA 1979) ............................................... 2131.02 (CCPA 1974) .......................................... 2173.05(c)

Meyer, In re, 688 F.2d 789, 215 USPQ 193 Mogen David Wine Corp., In re, 328 F.2d
(CCPA 1982) ............................ 2106.04(a)(2), 2184 925, 140 USPQ 575 (CCPA 1964) .....
1512
Meyers, In re, 688 F.2d 789, 215 USPQ 193
(CCPA 1982) .......................................... 2106.05(g) Mohsenzadeh v. Lee, 115 USPQ2d 1483
(Fed. Cir. 2015) ................................................ 2732
Michalek, In re, 162 F.2d 229, 74 USPQ
107 (CCPA 1947) .......................................... 716.07 Moleculon Research Corp. v. CBS, Inc.,
793 F.2d 1261, 229 USPQ 805 (Fed. Cir.

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1986) ..... 2111.03, 2133.03(a), Morton Int’l, Inc. v. Cardinal Chem. Co., 5
2133.03(b) F.3d 1464, 28 USPQ2d 1190 (Fed. Cir.
Moler v. Purdy, 131 USPQ 276 (Bd. Pat. 1993) ........................................................... 2173.02
Inter. 1960) .................................................. 2109.01 Morway v. Bondi, 203 F.2d 742, 97 USPQ
Molins, In re, 368 F.2d 258, 151 USPQ 570 318 (CCPA 1953) ........................................ 2138.06
(CCPA 1966) .............................................. 1449.02 Mosher, In re, 248 F.2d 956, 115 USPQ 140
Molins PLC v. Textron Inc., 48 F.3d 1172, (CCPA 1957) ............................................... 1216.01
33 USPQ2d 1823 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ..... Mostafazadeh, In re, 643 F.3d 1353, 98
2004 USPQ2d 1639 (Fed. Cir. 2011) .....
Monks, In re, 588 F.2d 308, 200 USPQ 129 1412.01, 1412.02
(CCPA 1978) ..... 1504, 2126.01, Mott, In re, 539 F.2d 1291, 190 USPQ 536
2135.01 (CCPA 1976) ............................................ 804, 2181
Monogram Mfg. v. F. & H. Mfg., 144 F.2d Mouttet, In re, 686 F.3d 1322, 103 USPQ2d
412, 62 USPQ 409 (9th Cir. 1944) ..... 1219 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ....................................... 2145
2133.03(e)(1) Mowry, Ex parte, 91 USPQ 219 (Bd. App.
Monsanto Co. v. Kamp, 269 F. Supp 818, 1950) ........................................................... 2144.09
154 USPQ 259 (D.D.C. 1967) ..... Mowry v. Whitney, 81 U.S. (14 Wall.) 620
602.09 (1871) .......................................................... 2164.07
Monsanto Co. v. Mycogen Plant Sci., Mraz, In re, 455 F.2d 1069, 173 USPQ 25
Inc., 261 F.3d 1356, 59 USPQ2d 1930 (CCPA 1972) .................................................... 2125
(Fed. Cir. 2001) ........................................... 2138.06
MRC Innovations, Inc. v. Hunter Mfg.,
Moore, In re, 439 F.2d 1232, 169 USPQ LLP, 747 F.3d 1326, 110 USPQ2d 1235
236 (CCPA 1971) ... 1504.04, 2161.01, (Fed. Cir. 2014) ........................................... 1504.03
2164.08, 2172, 2173.03
Mulder, In re, 716 F.2d 1542, 219 USPQ
Moore, In re, 444 F.2d 572, 170 USPQ 260 189 (Fed. Cir. 1983) .... 2138.06, 2183,
(CCPA 1971) ................................................. 715.07 2184
Moore v. U.S., 194 USPQ 423 (Ct. Cl. Multiform Desiccants Inc. v. Medzam Ltd.,
1977) ................................................................ 2134 133 F.3d 1473, 45 USPQ2d 1429 (Fed.
Morehouse, In re, 545 F.2d 162, 192 USPQ Cir. 1998) .................................................... 2111.01
29 (CCPA 1976) ..................................... 2164.06(c) Multilayer Stretch Cling Film Holdings, Inc.
Moreton, In re, 288 F.2d 708, 129 USPQ v. Berry Plastics Corp., 831 F.3d 1350,
227 (CCPA 1961) ......................... 2121, 2173.05(q) 119 USPQ2d 1773 (Fed. Cir. 2016) .....
Morgan, In re, 990 F.2d 1230, 26 USPQ2d 803.02, 2111.03, 2117
1392 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ........................ 1415.01, 1443 Multiple Litigation Involving Frost Patent,
Morganroth v. Quigg, 885 F.2d 843, 12 In re, 540 F.2d 601, 191 USPQ 241 (3d
USPQ2d 1125 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ..... Cir. 1976) ......................................................... 2016
1216.01, 2308.04 Munchkin, Inc. v. Luv N’ Care, Ltd., 110
Morris, In re, 127 F.3d 1048, 44 USPQ2d USPQ2d 1580 (P.T.A.B. 2014) .....
1023 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ... 904.01, 2111, 1504.04
2111.01, 2163, 2173.01, 2173.02, Muniauction, Inc. v. Thomson Corp., 532
2173.05(a), 2181 F.3d 1318, 87 USPQ2d 1350 (Fed. Cir.
Morsa, In re, 713 F.3d 104, 106 USPQ2d 2008) ........................................ 2114, MPEP § 2143
1327 (Fed. Cir. 2013) ....................................... 2121 Musgrave, In re, 431 F.2d 882, 167 USPQ
Morse v. Porter, 155 USPQ 280 (Bd. Pat. 280 (CCPA 1970) ................................... 2173.05(b)
Inter. 1965) ....................................................... 2109 Naber v. Cricchi, 567 F.2d 382, 196 USPQ
Mortgage Grader, Inc. v. First Choice Loan 294 (CCPA 1977) ........................................ 2138.06
Servs., 811 F.3d. 1314, 117 USPQ2d Nalbandian, In re, 661 F.2d 1214, 211
1693 (Fed. Cir. 2015) ......................... 2106.04(a)(2) USPQ 782 (CCPA 1981) ..... 1504.02,
Morton, Ex parte, 134 USPQ 407 (Bd. App. 1504.03
1961) ....................................................... 2173.05(t)

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Nantkwest, Inc. v. Lee, 686 Fed. App'x. 864 Newman v. Quigg, 877 F.2d 1575, 11
(Fed. Cir. 2017) ........................................... 2111.02 USPQ2d 1340 (Fed. Cir. 1989) .....
Napier, In re, 55 F.3d 610, 34 USPQ2d 1782 2107.01
(Fed. Cir. 1995) ................................................ 2112 Newton, In re, 414 F.2d 1400, 163 USPQ
Naquin, In re, 398 F.2d 863, 158 USPQ 317 34 (CCPA 1969) ................................ 2161, 2165.02
(CCPA 1968) ..... 2164.05(b), Ngai, In re, 367 F.3d 1336, 70 USPQ2d
2164.06(c) 1862 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ..... 2111.05,
Nat. Alts. Int’l, Inc. v. Iancu, 904 F.3d 1375, 2112.01
128 USPQ2d 1235 (Fed. Cir. 2018) ..... Nidec Motor Corp. v. Zhongshan Broad
211.01(b) Ocean Motor Co., 851 F.3d 1270, 122
Nat'l Steel Car, Ltd. v. Can. Pac. Ry., Ltd., USPQ2d 1116 (Fed. Cir. 2017) .....
357 F.3d 1319, 69 USPQ2d 1641 (Fed. 2131.02
Cir. 2004) .................................................... 2141.03 Nievelt, In re, 482 F.2d 965, 179 USPQ 224
Nautilus, Inc. v. Biosig Instruments, Inc., (CCPA 1973) .................................................... 2145
134 S. Ct. 2120, 110 USPQ2d 1688 Nilssen, In re, 851 F.2d 1401, 7 USPQ2d
(2014) .......................................................... 2173.02 1500 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ..... 1701.01,
Nazomi Communications, Inc. v. Nokia 2143, 2143.01, 2144
Corp., 739 F.3d 1339, 109 USPQ2d 1258 Nitinol Medical Technologies Inc., In re,
(Fed Cir. 2014) ................................................. 2114 17 USPQ2d 1492 (Comm’r Pat. & Tm.
Nehrenberg, In re, 280 F.2d 161, 126 USPQ 1990) ............................................................... 2751
383 (CCPA 1960) ................................... 2173.05(b) Nitz v. Ehrenreich, 537 F.2d 539, 190
Nelson, In re, 280 F.2d 172, 126 USPQ 242 USPQ 413 (CCPA 1976) ............................. 2301.03
(CCPA 1960) .................................................... 2165 Nix v. Hedden, 149 U.S. 304 (1893) .....
Nelson, In re, 420 F.2d 1079, 164 USPQ 1204.04
458 (CCPA 1970) ..................................... 715.07(a) Noah Systems Inc. v. Intuit Inc., 675 F.3d
Nelson v. Bowler, 626 F.2d 853, 206 USPQ 1302, 102 USPQ2d 1410 (Fed. Cir. 2012)
881 (CCPA 1980) ... 2107.01, 2107.02, ................................................................. 2181, 2185
2107.03, 2138.05 Noelle v. Lederman, 355 F.3d 1343, 69
Nested Bean, Inc. v. Big Beings Pty Ltd., USPQ2d 1508 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ........................ 2163
IPR2020-01234 (Feb. 24, 2023) ..... Nolan, In re, 553 F.2d 1261, 193 USPQ 641
608.01(n), 707.07(i) (CCPA 1977) ........................... 716.02(b), 716.02(c)
Netflix, Inc. v. DivX, LLC, 80 F.4th 1352, Nolden, Ex parte, 149 USPQ 378 (Bd. Pat.
2023 USPQ2d 1057 (Fed. Cir. 2023) .... App. & Inter. 1965) ..................................... 2172.01
2141.01(a) Noll, In re, 545 F.2d 141, 191 USPQ 721
Net MoneyIN, Inc. v. VeriSign, Inc., 545 (CCPA 1976) ............................... 2163, 2181, 2184
F.3d 1359, 88 USPQ2d 1751 (Fed. Cir. Nomiya, In re, 509 F.2d 566, 184 USPQ
2008) ............................................. 2152.02(b), 2181 607 (CCPA 1975) ................................... 2129, 2258
New Idea Farm Equip. Corp. v. Sperry NOMOS Corp. v. BrainLAB USA Inc., 357
Corp., 916 F.2d 1561, 16 USPQ2d 1424 F.3d 1364, 69 USPQ2d 1853 ( Fed. Cir.
(Fed. Cir. 1990) ................................................ 2138 2004) ................................................................ 2184
New Railhead Mfg., L.L.C. v. Vermeer Norco Products, Inc. v. Mecca
Mfg. Co., 298 F.3d 1290, 63 USPQ2d Development, Inc., 617 F. Supp 1079,
1843 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ......................... 211.05, 2163 227 USPQ 724 (D. Conn. 1985) .....
Newell Cos. v. Kenney Mfg. Co., 864 F.2d 1504.01(c)
757, 9 USPQ2d 1417 (Fed. Cir. 1988) Nordberg, Inc. v. Telsmith, Inc., 82 F.3d
............................................ 716.01(d), 716.04, 2145 394, 38 USPQ2d 1593 (Fed. Cir. 1996)
Newkirk v. Lulejian, 825 F.2d 1581, 3 ............................................................................. 410
USPQ2d 1793 (Fed. Cir. 1987) ..... Nordt Dev. Co., In re, 881 F.3d 1371, 125
715.07 USPQ2d 1817 (Fed. Cir. 2018) ........................ 2113

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Norian Corp. v. Stryker Corp., 363 F.3d NTP, Inc. v. Research in Motion, Ltd., 418
1321, 70 USPQ2d 1508 (Fed. Cir. 2004) F.3d 1282, 75 USPQ2d 1763 (Fed. Cir.
...................................................................... 2111.03 2005) ........................................................... 2106.03
Norlund, Ex parte, 1913 C.D. 161, 192 O.G. NTP, In re, 654 F.3d 1268, 99 USPQ2d
989 (Comm’r Pat. 1913) .................................. 1213 1500 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ....................................... 2258
North American Container, Inc. v. Plastipak NTP, In re, 654 F.3d 1279, 99 USPQ2d
Packaging, Inc., 415 F.3d 1335, 75 1481 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ..... 715.07,
USPQ2d 1545 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ..... 904.01
1412.02 Nuijten, In re, 500 F.3d 1346, 84 USPQ2d
Northam Warren Corp. v. D. F. Newfield 1495 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ........................ 2106, 2107.01
Co., 7 F. Supp 773, 22 USPQ 313 Oakley, Inc. v. Sunglass Hut Int’l, 316 F.3d
(E.D.N.Y. 1934) .......................................... 2112.01 1331, 65 USPQ2d 1321 (Fed. Cir. 2003)
Northern Telecom, Inc. v. Datapoint Corp., ................................................................. 2173.05(g)
908 F.2d 931, 15 USPQ2d 1321 (Fed. Obiaya, Ex parte, 227 USPQ 58 (Bd. Pat.
Cir. 1990) .................................................... 2128.01 App. & Inter. 1985) ... 707.07(f), 2145,
Northern Telecom Ltd. v. Samsung 2258
Electronics Co., 215 F.3d 1281, 55 Ochiai, In re, 71 F.3d 1565, 37 USPQ2d
USPQ2d 1065 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ..... 1127 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ..... 2116.01,
2165.01 2144.08, 2147, 2158
Norton v. Curtiss, 433 F.2d 779, 167 USPQ Ockert, In re, 245 F.2d 467, 114 USPQ 330
532 (CCPA 1970) ............................................. 2012 (CCPA 1957) ............................ 804, 804.01, 804.02
Novak, In re, 306 F.2d 924, 134 USPQ 335 Oda, In re, 443 F.2d 1200, 170 USPQ 268
(CCPA 1962) ................................ 2107.02, 2107.03 (CCPA 1971) ..................................... 2163, 2163.07
Novartis AG v. Ezra Ventures LLC, 909 OddzOn Products, Inc. v. Just Toys, Inc.,
F.3d 1367, 128 USPQ2d 1752 (Fed. Cir. 122 F.3d 1396, 43 USPQ2d 1641 (Fed.
2018) .................................................. 804.05, 2751 Cir. 1997) ............................................... 2004, 2146
Novartis AG v. Lee, 740 F.3d 593, 109 Odetics Inc. v. Storage Tech. Corp., 185
USPQ2d 1385 (Fed. Cir. 2014) ..... F.3d 1259, 51 USPQ2d 1225 (Fed. Cir.
2730, 2731, 2734 1999) ..................................................... 2183, 2184
Novartis Pharms. Corp. v. Accord Oelrich, In re, 579 F.2d 86, 198 USPQ 210
Healthcare, Inc., 38 F.4th 1013, 2022 (CCPA 1978) ..... 716.01(c), 2144.08,
USPQ2d 569 (Fed. Cir. 2022) ..... 2145
2173.05(i)
Oelrich, In re, 666 F.2d 578, 212 USPQ 323
Novartis Pharms. v. Breckenridge Pharmto., (CCPA 1981) .................................................... 2112
909 F.3d 1355, 128 USPQ2d 1745 (Fed.
Cir. 2018) .......................................................... 804 Oetiker, Ex parte, 23 USPQ2d 1641 (Bd.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) ......................... 2173.05(b)
Novartis Pharms. Corp. v. West-Ward
Pharms. Int'l Ltd., 923 F.3d 1051, 2019 Oetiker, In re, 977 F.2d 1443, 24 USPQ2d
USPQ2d 171676 (Fed. Cir. 2019) ..... 1443 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ..... 707.07(f),
2141 716.01(d), 1504.01(a), 1504.01(c),
2107.02, 2142, 2144.08, 2145, 2164.07
Novitski, Ex parte, 26 USPQ2d 1389 (Bd.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1993) .............................. 2112.02 O’Farrell, In re, 853 F.2d 894, 7 USPQ2d
1673 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ..... 2143,
Novo Industries L.P. v. Micro Molds Corp., 2143.01, 2143.02, 2144.08, 2145
350 F.3d 1348, 69 USPQ2d 1128 (Fed.
Cir. 2003) ......................................................... 1481 Ogiue, In re, 517 F.2d 1382, 186 USPQ 227
(CCPA 1975) .......................................... 2304.04(b)
Noznick, In re, 391 F.2d 946, 157 USPQ
266 (CCPA 1968) ........................................ 1207.03 Ohshiro, Ex parte, 14 USPQ2d 1750 (Bd.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1989) .............................. 2163.05
Noznick, In re, 478 F.2d 1260, 178 USPQ
43 (CCPA 1973) ....................................... 716.03(b) O.I. Corp. v. Tekmar Corp., 115 F.3d 1576,
42 USPQ2d 1777 (Fed. Cir. 1997) .....
2181

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

OIP Techs., Inc. v. [Link], Inc., 788 Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical, Inc. v. Lupin
F.3d 1359, 115 USPQ2d 1090 (Fed. Cir. Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 603 F.3d 1377, 95
2015) ..... 2106.04(a)(2), 2106.05(d), USPQ2d 1246 (Fed. Cir. 2010) ........................ 2751
2106.05(e), 2106.05(g), 2106.07(a), Ortho-McNeil Pharm., Inc. v. Mylan Labs,
2106.07(b) Inc., 520 F.3d 1358, 86 USPQ2d 1196
Oka v. Youssefyeh, 849 F.2d 581, 7 (Fed. Cir. 2008) ................................................ 2143
USPQ2d 1169 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ..... Orthopedic Equip. Co., Inc. v. All
2138.04 Orthopedic Appliances, Inc., 707 F.2d
Okajima v. Bourdeau, 261 F.3d 1350, 59 1376, 217 USPQ 1281 (Fed. Cir. 1983)
USPQ2d 1795 (Fed. Cir. 2001) ..... ........................................................................ 716.04
2141.03 OSI Pharm., LLC v. Apotex Inc., 939 F.3d
Okuzawa, In re, 537 F.2d 545, 190 USPQ 1375, 2019 USPQ2d 379681 (Fed. Cir.
464 (CCPA 1976) ........................................ 2111.01 2019) ........................................................... 2143.02
Olah, Ex parte, 131 USPQ 41 (Bd. App. Osmond, Ex parte, 191 USPQ 334 (Bd.
1960) ..... 213.03, 2133, 2135.01, App. 1973) ...................................... 711.06(a), 2136
2139.02 Osmond, Ex parte, 191 USPQ 340 (Bd.
Old Town Canoe Co. v. Confluence App. 1976) ................................................ 711.06(a)
Holdings Corp., 448 F.3d 1309, 78 Osram Sylvania Inc., v. American Induction
USPQ2d 1705 (Fed. Cir. 2006) ..... Tech., Inc., 701 F.3d 698, 105 USPQ2d
2111.01 1368 (Fed. Cir. 2012) .................................. 2131.02
Omeprazole Patent Litigation, In re, 483 Ott v. Goodpasture, 40 USPQ2d 1831 (D.
F.3d 1364, 82 USPQ2d 1643 (Fed. Cir. [Link]. 1996) ...................................................... 410
2007) ................................................................ 2112
Otto, In re, 312 F.2d 937, 136 USPQ 458
Omeprazole Patent Litigation, In re, 536 (CCPA 1963) ..................................... 2111.02, 2115
F.3d 1361, 87 USPQ2d 1865 (Fed. Cir.
2008) ................................................................ 2143 Ovist, Ex parte, 152 USPQ 709 (Bd. App.
1963) ........................................................... 2126.02
Onda, In re, 229 USPQ 235 (Comm’r Pat.
1985) ................................................. 2146.02, 2285 Ovshinsky, Ex parte, 10 USPQ2d 1075 (Bd.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1989) ................................ 715.07
Opinion of Hon. Edward Bates, 10 Op. Atty.
Gen. 137 (1861) ....................................... 602.08(b) Owens, In re, 710 F.3d 1362, 106 USPQ2d
1248 (Fed. Cir. 2013) ..... 1503.02,
Oppenauer, In re, 143 F.2d 974, 62 USPQ 1504.04
297 (CCPA 1944) .......................................... 716.09
Pac. Biosciences of Cal., Inc. v. Oxford
Orbital Technologies Corporation, In re, Nanopore Techs., Inc., 996 F.3d 1342,
603 Fed. App’x 924 (Fed. Cir. 2015) ..... 2021 USPQ2d 519 (Fed. Cir. 2021) .....
2120 2164.05, 2164.05(a), 2164.05(b),
O’Reilly v. Morse, 56 U.S. (15 How.) 62 2164.06, 2164.08
(1854) .................................. 2106.04(b), 2106.05(f) Packard, In re, 751 F.3d 1307, 110 USPQ2d
Orita, In re, 550 F.2d 1277, 193 USPQ 145 1785 (Fed. Cir. 2014) ..... 2173.02,
(CCPA 1977) ..................................... 1412.01, 1457 2173.05(a), 2173.05(e), 2173.06
Ormco Corp. v. Align Technology, Inc., Pac-Tec Inc. v. Amerace Corp., 903 F.2d
463 F.3d 1299, 79 USPQ2d 1931 (Fed. 796, 14 USPQ2d 1871 (Fed. Cir. 1990)
Cir. 2006) ........................................................ 2145 ............................................................ 2111.02, 2163
Orthokinetics, Inc. v. Safety Travel Chairs, Palmer, In re, 451 F.2d 1100, 172 USPQ
Inc., 806 F.2d 1565, 1 USPQ2d 1081 126 (CCPA 1971) ..................................... 716.01(a)
(Fed. Cir. 1986) ....................... 2173.02, 2173.05(b) Panagrossi, In re, 277 F.2d 181, 125 USPQ
Ortho-McNeil Pharm., Inc. v. Caraco 410 (CCPA 1960) ............................................. 2174
Pharm. Labs., Ltd., 476 F.3d 1321, 81 Pandrol USA, LP v. Airboss Railway
USPQ2d 1427 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ..... Products, Inc., 320 F.3d 1354, 65
2173.05(b) USPQ2d 1985 (Fed. Cir. 2003) .....
1302.04

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Panduit Corp. v. Dennison Mfg. Co., 774 Patlex Corp. v. Mossinghoff, 771 F.2d 480,
F.2d 1082, 227 USPQ 337 (Fed. Cir. 226 USPQ 985 (Fed. Cir. 1985) .....
1985) .................................... 716.06, 1504.03, 2134 2225, 2240, 2244, 2249
Panduit Corp. v. Dennison Mfg. Co., 810 Patlex Corp. v. Mossinghoff, 758 F.2d 594,
F.2d 1561, 1 USPQ2d 1593 (Fed. Cir. 225 USPQ 243 (Fed. Cir. 1985) .....
1987) ..... 2141.01, 2141.02, 2144.08, 2211
2158 Patlex Corp. v. Quigg, 680 F. Supp. 33, 6
Pannu v. Iolab Corp., 155 F.3d 1344, 47 USPQ2d 1296 (D. D.C. 1988) ......................... 2246
USPQ2d 1657 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ........................ 2137 Paulik v. Rizkalla, 760 F.2d 1270, 226
Pannu v. Storz Instruments Inc., 258 F.3d USPQ 224 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ... 2138.01,
1366, 59 USPQ2d 1597 (Fed. Cir. 2001) 2138.03
...................................................................... 1412.02 Paulsen, In re, 30 F.3d 1475, 31 USPQ2d
Patent No 6550701, In re, 2006 WL 1671 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ..... 716.03,
4494426 (Comm’r Pat. 2006) .......................... 1481 2111.01, 2114, 2144.08, 2145
Pantzer, Ex parte, 176 USPQ 141 (Bd App. Payne, Ex parte, 1904 C.D. 42, 108 O.G.
1972) ....................................................... 2173.05(o) 1049 (Comm’r Pat. 1903) ......................... 707.07(g)
Paperless Accounting v. Bay Area Rapid Payne, In re, 606 F.2d 303, 203 USPQ 245
Transit System, 804 F.2d 659, 231 USPQ (CCPA 1979) ..... 716.02(a), 716.02(e),
649 (Fed. Cir. 1986) .................................... 2133.01 2144.09
Papesch, In re, 315 F.2d 381, 137 USPQ 43 Pearson, In re, 494 F.2d 1399, 181 USPQ
(CCPA 1963) ..... 716.02(a), 2141.02, 641 (CCPA 1974) ................................... 1207.03(a)
2144.08, 2144.09 Peeler v. Miller, 535 F.2d 647, 190 USPQ
Pappas, Ex parte, 23 USPQ2d 1636 (Bd. 117 (CCPA 1976) ........................................ 2138.03
Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) ..... 1503.01, Peck, Ex parte, 1901 C.D. 136, 96 O.G.
1504.04, 2173.05(b) 2409 (Comm’r Pat. 1901) ......................... 608.02(f)
Papst-Motoren, Ex parte, 1 USPQ2d 1655 Peck v. Collins, 103 U.S. 660 (1880) .....
(Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1986) ..... 2240, 1460
2258
Penn Yan Boats, Inc. v. Sea Lark Boats Inc.,
PAR Pharmaceutical, Inc. v. TWI 359 F. Supp 948, 175 USPQ 260 (S.D.
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 773 F.3d 1186, Fla. 1972) ......................................................... 2004
112 USPQ2d 1945 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .....
2112 Pennwalt Corp. v. Akzona, Inc., 740 F.2d
1573, 222 USPQ 833 (Fed. Cir. 1984)
Paragon Podiatry Laboratory, Inc. v. KLM ................................................................. 2133.03(e)
Labs., Inc., 984 F.2d 1182, 25 USPQ2d
1561 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 410, Pennwalt Corp. v. Durand-Wayland, Inc.,
2133.03(e)(2) 833 F.2d 931, 4 USPQ2d 1737 (Fed. Cir.
1987) ................................................................ 2184
Parke-Davis & Co. v. H.K. Mulford Co.,
189 F. 95 (S.D.N.Y. 1911) ..... Pentec, Inc. v. Graphic Controls Corp., 776
2106.04(c) F.2d 309, 227 USPQ 766 (Fed. Cir. 1985)
.................................. 716.03(b), 716.06, 2141.01(a)
Parker v. Flook, 437 U.S. 584, 198 USPQ
193 (1978) ..... 2106, 2106.04, Penumbra, Inc. v. RapidPulse, Inc., 2023
2106.04(a)(2), 2106.04(b), 2106.05, USPQ2d 292 (March 10, 2023) .....
2106.05(b), 2106.05(d), 2106.05(g), 2154.01(b)
2106.05(h), 2106.07(a) Perfect Surgical Techniques, Inc. v.
Parker v. Frilette, 462 F.2d 544, 174 USPQ Olympus Am., Inc., 841 F.3d 1004, 120
321 (CCPA 1972) ........................................ 2138.05 USPQ2d 1605 (Fed. Cir. 2016) .....
2138.06
Parks, Ex parte, 30 USPQ2d 1234 (Bd. Pat.
App. & Inter. 1993) ................................. 2173.05(i) Perfect Web Technologies, Inc. v. InfoUSA,
Inc., 587 F.3d 1324, 92 USPQ2d, 1849
Patent Term Extension Application, U.S. (Fed. Cir. 2009) ...................................... 2141, 2143
Patent No. 3,849,549, In re, 226 USPQ
283 (Pat. & Tm. Office 1985) ......................... 2751

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

PerkinElmer, Inc. v. Intema Ltd., 496 Fed. Phelan, In re, 205 F.2d 183, 98 USPQ 156
App'x. 65, 105 USPQ2d 1960 (Fed. Cir. (CCPA 1953) ...................................................... 804
2012) ...................................................... 2106.05(g) Philco Corp. v. Admiral Corp., 199 F. Supp.
Persion Pharms. LLC v. Alvogen Malta 797, 131 USPQ 413 (D. Del. 1961) .....
Operations LTD., 945 F.3d 1184, 2019 1503.02, 1504.04, 2133.03(e)(1)
USPQ2d 494084 (Fed. Cir. 2019) ..... Phillips v. AWH Corp., 415 F.3d 1303, 75
2112 USPQ2d 1321 (Fed. Cir. 2005) .... 804,
Personalized Media Communications., LLC 1204.04, 2111, 2111.01, 2141, 2143.01,
v. Apple Inc., 57 F.4th 1346, 2023 2173.05(g), 2181, 2240, 2258
USPQ2d 82 (Fed. Cir. 2023) ........................... 2190 PhotoCure ASA v. Kappos, 603 F.3d 1372,
Personalized Media Communications LLC 95 USPQ2d 1250 (Fed. Cir. 2010) .....
v. ITC, 161 F.3d 696, 48 USPQ2d 1880 2751
(Fed. Cir. 1998) ............................................... 2181 Piasecki, In re, 745 F.2d 1468, 223 USPQ
Petering, In re, 301 F.2d 676, 133 USPQ 785 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ..... 716.01(d),
275 (CCPA 1962) ... 2131.02, 2131.03, 2107.02, 2141, 2142, 2145
2144.08 Pierce v. Allen B. DuMont Laboratories,
Peters, In re, 723 F.2d 891, 221 USPQ 952 Inc., 297 F.2d 323, 131 USPQ 340 (3d
(Fed. Cir. 1983) ........................................... 2163.05 Cir. 1961) ........................................................... 804
Petersen v. Fee Int’l Ltd., 381 F. Supp 1071, Pierce v. Watson, 275 F.2d 890, 124 USPQ
182 USPQ 264 (W.D. Okla. 1974) ..... 356 (D.C. Cir. 1960) ................................. 715.01(b)
2134 Pilkington, In re, 411 F.2d 1345, 162 USPQ
Peterson, Ex parte, 49 USPQ 119, 1941 145 (CCPA 1969) ................................... 2173.05(p)
C.D. 8 (Comm’r Pat. 1941) ..... PIN/NIP, Inc. v. Platte Chem. Co., 304 F.3d
710.02(b) 1235, 64 USPQ2d 1344 (Fed. Cir. 2002)
Peterson, Ex parte, 63 USPQ 99 (Bd. App. ........................................................................... 2163
1944) ............................................................. 901.02 Pio, In re, 217 F.2d 956, 104 USPQ 177
Peterson, In re, 315 F.3d 1325, 65 USPQ2d (CCPA 1954) ................................................. 716.07
1379 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ..... 716.02(d), Pitney Bowes, Inc. v. Hewlett-Packard Co.,
2144.05 182 F.3d 1298, 51 USPQ2d 1161 (Fed.
Pfaff v. Wells Elecs., Inc., 525 U.S. 55, 48 Cir. 1999) ................................................... 2111.02
USPQ2d 1641 (1998) ..... 2133.03(b), Plant Genetic Sys., N.V. v. DeKalb Genetics
2133.03(c), 2146.02, 2152.02(d), 2163, Corp., 315 F.3d 1335, 65 USPQ2d 1452
2163.02 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ........................................... 2164.08
Pfizer, Inc. v. Apotex Inc., 480 F.3d 1348, Plastic Contact Lens Co. v. Gottschalk, 484
82 USPQd 1321 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ..... F.2d 837, 179 USPQ 262 (D.C. Cir.
2143, 2143.01, 2143.02, 2145 1973) ................................................................ 2190
Pfizer, Inc. v. Apotex Inc., 731 [Link].2d Platner, In re, 155 USPQ 222 (Comm’r Pat.
741 (N.D. Ill. 2010) .......................................... 1460 1967) ........................................ 1504.05, 2920.05(b)
Pfizer Inc. v. Lee, 811 F.3d 466, 117 USPQ Pleuddemann, In re, 910 F.2d 823, 15
1781 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ....................................... 2731 USPQ2d 1738 (Fed. Cir. 1990) .....
Pfizer, Inc. v. Ranbaxy Labs., Ltd., 457 F.3d 2116.01
1284, 79 USPQ2d 1583 (Fed. Cir. 2006) Plumb, In re, 470 F.2d 1403, 176 USPQ 323
................................................................... 608.01(n) (CCPA 1973) ................................................. 715.03
Pfizer, Inc. v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Polumbo v. Don-Joy Co., 762 F.2d 969, 226
Inc., 518 F.3d 1353, 86 USPQ2d 1001 USPQ 5 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ........................ 2183, 2184
(Fed. Cir. 2008) ..... 201.06, 804,
804.01, 1481.03 Poly-America LP v. GSE Lining Tech. Inc.,
383 F.3d 1303, 72 USPQ2d 1685 (Fed.
PharmaStem Therapeutics, Inc. v. Viacell, Cir. 2004) ................................. 2111.02, 2133.03(c)
Inc., 491 F.3d 1342, 83 USPQ2d 1289
(Fed. Cir. 2007) ................................. 2143.02, 2145

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Porter, Ex parte, 25 USPQ2d 1144 (Bd. Pat. Purdue Pharma LP v. Iancu, 767 Fed. Appx.
App. & Inter. 1992) ..... 608.01(n), 918, 2019 USPQ2d 136363 (Fed. Cir.
2173.05(e), 2173.05(f), 2173.05(q) 2019) .......................................................... 2163.03
Portola Packaging, Inc., In re, 110 F.3d 786, Quad Environmental Technologies Corp.
42 USPQ2d 1295 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ..... v. Union Sanitary District, 946 F.2d 870,
2258.01 20 USPQ2d 1392 (Fed. Cir. 1991) .....
Pottier, In re, 376 F.2d 328, 153 USPQ 407 804.02
(CCPA 1967) ............................................... 2107.02 Quadranti, Ex parte, 25 USPQ2d 1071 (Bd.
Power-One, Inc. v. Artesyn Techs., Inc., Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) .............................. 2144.06
599 F.3d 1343, 94 USPQ2d 1241 (Fed. Quayle, Ex parte, 25 USPQ 74, 1935 C.D.
Cir. 2010) .................................................... 2173.02 11, 453 O.G. 213 (Comm’r Pat. 1935)
PowerOasis, Inc. v. T-Mobile USA, Inc., ..... 706.07(h), 708.02(a), 710.02(b),
522 F.3d 1299, 86 USPQ2d 1385 (Fed. 714.03, 714.14, 714.15, 2266.01, 2731
Cir. 2008) ........................................................ 2141 Racing Strollers Inc. v. TRI Industries Inc.,
Power Controls Corp. v. Hybrinetics, Inc., 878 F.2d 1418, 11 USPQ2d 1300 (Fed.
806 F.2d 234, 231 USPQ 774 (Fed. Cir. Cir. 1989) ..................................... 1504.04, 1504.20
1986) ...................................................... 1504.01(c) Radio Corp. of America v. Radio Eng’g
PPG Ind. v. Guardian Ind., 75 F.3d 1558, Labs., Inc., 293 U.S. 1, 21 USPQ 353
37 USPQ2d 1618 (Fed. Cir. 1996) ..... (1934) .......................................................... 2138.01
2164.06(b) Radio Steel and Mfg. Co. v. MTD Products,
PPG Industries v. Guardian Industries, 156 Inc., 731 F.2d 840, 221 USPQ 657 (Fed.
F.3d 1351, 48 USPQ2d 1351 (Fed. Cir. Cir. 1984) ................................................. 2173.05(j)
1998) ................................................. 2111.03, 2163 Rain Computing, Inc. v. Samsung Elecs.
Prater, In re, 415 F.2d 1393, 162 USPQ 541 Am. Inc., 989 F.3d 1002, 2021 USPQ2d
(CCPA 1969) ..... 2111, 2172, 284, (Fed. Cir. 2021) ....................................... 2181
2173.05(a), 2173.05(q), 2411.01 Rainer, In re, 305 F.2d 505, 134 USPQ 343
Pratt, Ex parte, 1887 Dec. Comm’r Pat. 31 (CCPA 1962) .................................................... 2124
(Cmm'r Pats. 1887) .......................................... 2734 Rainer, In re, 390 F.2d 771, 156 USPQ 334
Preda, In re, 401 F.2d 825, 159 USPQ 342 (CCPA 1968) ................................................. 715.03
(CCPA 1968) ............................................... 2144.01 Ralston Purina Co. v. Far-Mar-Co., Inc.,
President and Fellows of Harvard College 772 F.2d 1570, 227 USPQ 177 (Fed. Cir.
v. Rea, 2013 WL 2152635 ([Link]. May 1985) ........................................................... 2163.02
15, 2013) .......................................................... 1490 Rambus v. Rea, 731 F.3d 1248, 108
Pressure Prods. Med. Supplies, Inc. v. USPQ2d 1400 (Fed. Cir. 2013) .....
Greatbatch Ltd., 599 F.3d 1308, 94 1207.03, 2145
USPQ2d 1261 (Fed. Cir. 2010) ........................ 2181 Rapid Litig. Mgmt. v. CellzDirect, Inc., 827
Price v. Symsek, 988 F.2d 1187, 26 F.3d 1042, 119 USPQ2d 1370 (Fed. Cir.
USPQ2d 1031 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 2016) ..... 2106.04, 2106.04(b),
2137, 2138.01 2106.04(c), 2106.05, 2106.05(a),
2106.05(d), 2106.07(a), 2106.07(b)
Process Control Corp. v. HydReclaim Corp.,
190 F.3d 1350, 52 USPQ2d 1029 (Fed. Rasmusson v. SmithKline Beecham Corp.,
Cir. 1999) ........................ 2111.01, 2173.05(a) 2175 413 F.3d 1318, 75 USPQ2d 1297 (Fed.
Cir. 2005) ............................ 2121, 2122, 2152.02(b)
Procter & Gamble Co. v. Teva Pharm. USA,
Inc., 566 F.3d 989, 90 USPQ2d 1947 Rasmussen, In re, 650 F.2d 1212, 211
(Fed. Cir. 2009) ................................................ 2143 USPQ 323 (CCPA 1981) .... 608.04(a),
1504.04, 2163, 2163.01, 2163.04,
Purdue Pharma v. Epic Pharma, 811 F.3d 2163.05, 2163.06
1345, 117 USPQ2d 1733 (Fed. Cir. 2016)
........................................ 2113, 2144.04, 2173.05(p) Ratny, In re, 24 USPQ2d 1713 (Comm’r
Pat. 1992) ........................................................... 323
Purdue Pharma L.P. v. Faulding, Inc., 230
F.3d 1320, 56 USPQ2d 1481 (Fed. Cir. Ratti, In re, 270 F.2d 810, 123 USPQ 349
2000) ................................................ 2163, 2163.05 (CCPA 1959) ............................................... 2143.01

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Ray v. Lehman, 55 F.3d 606, 34 USPQ2d Reiffin v. Microsoft Corp., 214 F.3d 1342,
1786 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ....................................... 2734 54 USPQ2d 1915 (Fed. Cir. 2000) .....
Raytheon Co. v. Roper Corp., 724 F.2d 951, 2161.01
220 USPQ 592 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... Rekers, In re, 203 USPQ 1034 (Comm’r
2107.02, 2164.08 Pat. 1979) ...................................................... 804.03
RCA Corp. v. Data Gen. Corp., 887 F.2d Remark, Ex parte, 15 USPQ2d 1498 (Bd.
1056, 12 USPQ2d 1449 (Fed. Cir. 1989) Pat. App. & Inter. 1990) ..... 716.03,
.......................... 2133.03, 2133.03(b), 2133.03(e)(3) 716.03(b), 2144.08, 2145
Reading & Bates Construction Co. v. Baker Rembrandt Technologies LP v. Comcast of
Energy, 748 F.2d 645, 223 USPQ 1168 Fla./Pa., LP, 899 F.3d 1254, 127 USPQ2d
(Fed. Cir. 1984) ................................................ 2129 1826 ................................................................. 2590
Realvirt, LLC v. Lee, 195 [Link].3d 847 Rembrandt Wireless Techs., LP v. Samsung
(E.D. Va. 2016) ..... 301, 317.03, 324, Elecs. Co., 853 F.3d 1370, 122 USPQ2d
325 1301 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ....................................... 1490
Rebstock v. Flouret, 191 USPQ 342 (Bd. Remington, Ex parte, 1905 C.D. 28, 114
Pat. Inter. 1975) ........................................... 2138.06 O.G. 694 (Comm’r Pat. 1904) .....
Reckitt & Colman Products Ltd., In re, 230 1503.01
USPQ 369 (Comm’r Pat. & Tm. 1986) Renishaw PLC v. Marposs Societa’ per
...................................................................... 2755.01 Azioni, 158 F.3d 1243, 48 USPQ2d 1117
RecogniCorp, LLC v. Nintendo Co., 855 (Fed. Cir. 1998) .................................................. 804
F.3d 1322, 122 USPQ2d 1377 (Fed. Cir. Research Corp. Technologies v. Microsoft
2017) ..... 2106.04, 2106.04(a)(2), Corp., 627 F.3d 859, 97 USPQ2d 1274
2106.05, 2106.05(a) (Fed. Cir. 2010) ..... 2106.04(a),
Recreative Technologies, In re, 83 F.3d 2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(a)
1394, 38 USPQ2d 1776 (Fed. Cir. 1996) Reuter, In re, 651 F.2d 751, 210 USPQ 249
............................................................ 2242, 2816.02 (CCPA 1981) ............................................... 1901.06
Red Cross Mfg. v. Toro Sales Co., 525 F.2d Rey-Bellet v. Engelhardt, 493 F.2d 1380,
1135, 188 USPQ 241 (7th Cir. 1975) ..... 181 USPQ 453 (CCPA 1974) .....
2133.03(e)(1) 2107.02, 2138.05
Reed v. Quigg, 230 USPQ 62 (D.D.C. 1986) Reynolds, In re, 443 F.2d 384, 170 USPQ
........................................................................... 2279 94 (CCPA 1971) ..................................... 2163.07(a)
Refac Int’l Ltd. v. Lotus Development Richardson v. Stanley Works Inc., 597 F.3d
Corp., 81 F.3d 1576, 38 USPQ2d 1665 1288, 93 USPQ2d 1937 (Fed. Cir. 2010)
(Fed. Cir. 1996) .................................................. 410 ...................................................................... 1504.02
Refusal of Assignment Branch to Record Richardson v. Suzuki Motor Co., 868 F.2d
Attorney's Lien, In re, 8 USPQ2d 1446 1226, 9 USPQ2d 1913 (Fed. Cir. 1989)
(Comm'r Pat. 1988) ............................................ 313 ........................................................................... 2131
Regeneron Pharm., Inc. v. Merus B.V., 144 Richardson-Vicks, Inc. v. The Upjohn Co.,
F. Supp. 3d 530 (S.D.N.Y. 2015) ..... 122 F.3d 1476, 44 USPQ2d 1181 (Fed.
2001.06(b) Cir. 1997) .................................................. 716.01(d)
Regents of the University of California v. Richman, In re, 409 F.2d 269, 161 USPQ
Eli Lilly & Co., 119 F.3d 1559, 43 359 (CCPA 1969) ........................................ 1412.02
USPQ2d 1398 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ..... Rieser v. Williams, 255 F.2d 419, 118
2111.03, 2161.01, 2163, 2163.02 USPQ 96 (CCPA 1958) ............................... 2138.06
Regents of the Univ. of Minnesota v. Gilead Rijckaert, In re, 9 F.3d 1531, 28 USPQ2d
Scis., Inc., 61 F.4th 1350, 2023 USPQ2d 1955 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 2112,
269 (Fed Cir. 2023) ..... 211.05, 2141.02, 2144.08
2163.03, 2163.05
Rinehart, Ex parte, 10 USPQ2d 1719 (Bd.
Reid, In re, 179 F.2d 998, 84 USPQ 478 Pat. App. & Inter. 1985) .............................. 2404.01
(CCPA 1950) ................................................. 716.07

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Rinehart, In re, 531 F.2d 1048, 189 USPQ Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), In re, 750 F.3d
143 (CCPA 1976) ..... 2107.02, 2142, 1333, 110 USPQ2d 1668 (Fed. Cir. 2014)
2143.02, 2144.04 ..... 2105, 2106.04(b), 2106.04(c),
Rivera v. Int'l Trade Comm’n, 857 F.3d 2106.07(a)
1315, 123 USPQ2d 1059 (Fed. Cir. 2017) Rosuvastatin Calcium Patent Litigation, In
...................................................................... 2161.01 re, 703 F.3d 511, 105 USPQ2d 1437
Riverwood Int’l Corp. v. R.A. Jones & Co., (Fed. Cir. 2012) ................................................ 1403
324 F.3d 1346, 66 USPQ2d 1331 (Fed. Rothermel, In re, 276 F.2d 393, 125 USPQ
Cir. 2003) ........................... 2129, 2141.01, 2152.03 328 (CCPA 1960) .......................................... 716.01
Robbins Co. v. Lawrence Mfg. Co., 482 Rowand, In re, 526 F.2d 558, 187 USPQ
F.2d 426, 178 USPQ 577 (9th Cir. 1973) 487 (CCPA 1975) ........................................ 1412.01
..... 2133.03(d), 2133.03(e)(1), Rowe v. Dror, 112 F.3d 473, 42 USPQ2d
2133.03(e)(4) 1550 (Fed. Cir. 1997) .................................. 2111.02
Roberts, In re, 470 F.2d 1399, 176 USPQ Rubin, Ex parte, 128 USPQ 440 (Bd. App.
313 (CCPA 1973) ............................................. 2181 1959) ........................................................... 2144.04
Robertson, In re, 169 F.3d 743, 49 USPQ2d Rubinfield, In re, 270 F.2d 391, 123 USPQ
1949 (Fed. Cir. 1999) ..... 2114, 2163, 210 (CCPA 1959) ..... 1504.05,
2163.07(a) 2920.05(b)
Robertson, Ex parte, Appeal 2016-001938 Ruff, In re, 256 F.2d 590, 118 USPQ 340
(PTAB 2017) .............................................. 2172.01 (CCPA 1958) ..................................... 2117, 2144.06
Robins, In re, 429 F.2d 452, 166 USPQ 552 Ruiz v. A.B. Chance Co., 357 F.3d 1270,
(CCPA 1970) ................................................... 2163 69 USPQ2d 1686 (Fed. Cir. 2004) .....
Roche Products v. Bolar Pharmaceuticals, 2143, 2143.01, 2145
733 F.2d 858, 221 USPQ 937 (Fed. Cir. Ruscetta, In re, 255 F.2d 687, 118 USPQ
1984) ............................................................... 2750 101 (CCPA 1958) ..... 211.05, 2004,
Rodime PLC v. Seagate Technology, 2152.02(b), 2217, 2258 2809.01
Inc.,174 F.3d 1294, 50 USPQ2d 1429 Ruschig, In re, 343 F.2d 965, 145 USPQ
(Fed. Cir. 1999) ............................................... 2181 274 (CCPA 1965) ........................................ 2144.08
Rodriguez, Ex parte, 92 USPQ2d 1395 (Bd. Ruschig, In re, 379 F.2d 990, 154 USPQ
Pat. App. & Int. 2009) ...................................... 2181 118 (CCPA 1967) ............................. 2163, 2163.05
Rogoff, In re, 261 F.2d 601, 120 USPQ 185 Ruskin, In re, 354 F.2d 395, 148 USPQ 221
(CCPA 1958) ............................................... 1412.03 (CCPA 1966) ............................................... 2107.01
Rohm & Haas Co. v. Crystal [Link]., 722 Russell, In re, 239 F.2d 387, 112 USPQ 58
F.2d 1556, 200 USPQ 289 (Fed. Cir. (CCPA 1956) ............................................... 1504.05
1983) ........................................................ 410, 2010
Russell, In re, 439 F.2d 1228, 169 USPQ
Rohm & Haas Co. v. Roberts Chem., Inc., 426 (CCPA 1971) ............................................. 2190
142 F. Supp. 499, 110 USPQ 93 (S.W.
Va. 1956) .......................................................... 1403 Rutan, In re, 231 USPQ 864 (Comm’r Pat.
1986) .................................................................. 150
Rolls-Royce, PLC v. United Tech. Corp.,
603 F.3d 1325, 95 USPQ2d 1097 (Fed. Ruth, In re, 278 F.2d 729, 126 USPQ 155
Cir. 2010) ......................................................... 2143 (CCPA 1960) ............................................... 1412.03

Rose, In re, 220 F.2d 459, 105 USPQ 237 Ryco, Inc. v. Ag-Bag Corp., 857 F.2d 1418,
(CCPA 1955) ............................................... 2144.04 8 USPQ2d 1323 (Fed. Cir. 1988) .....
2144.07
Rosen, In re, 673 F.2d 388, 213 USPQ 347
(CCPA 1982) ................................ 1503.01, 1504.03 Rydeen v. Quigg, 748 F. Supp 900, 16
USPQ2d 1876 (D.D.C. 1990) .......................... 2540
Rosenberg, Ex parte, 46 USPQ 393 (Bd.
App. 1939) ....................................................... 1610 Ryko Manufacturing Co. v. Nu-Star, Inc.,
950 F.2d 714, 21 USPQ2d 1053 (Fed.
Rosenblum v. Hiroshima, 220 USPQ 383 Cir. 1991) ..................................... 2141.03, 2144.08
(Comm’r Pat. 1983) .................................... 1205.02
Sachs v. Wadsworth, 48 F.2d 928, 9 USPQ
252 (CCPA 1931) .......................................... 715.07

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Sage Prods., Inc. v. Devon Indus., Inc., 126 Sapp, In re, 324 F.2d 1021, 139 USPQ 552
F.3d 1420, 44 USPQ2d 1103 (Fed. Cir. (CCPA 1963) ............................................... 1504.03
1997) ............................................................... 2181 Sarett, In re, 327 F.2d 1005, 140 USPQ 474
Sakraida v. AG Pro, Inc., 425 U.S. 273, 189 (CCPA 1964) ...................................................... 804
USPQ 449 (1976) ..... 716.01(a), 2141, Sarkar, In re, 575 F.2d 870, 197 USPQ 788
2143 (CCPA 1978) ...................................................... 724
Salazar v. AT&T Mobility LLC, 64 F.4th Sasajima, Ex parte, 212 USPQ 103 (Bd.
1311, 2023 USPQ2d 412 (Fed. Cir. 2023) App. 1981) ................................................ 716.02(f)
...................................................................... 2111.01
Sasse, In re, 629 F.2d 675, 207 USPQ 107
Salazar v. Procter & Gamble Co., 414 F.3d (CCPA 1980) ........................ 716.07, 2121, 2121.02
1342, 75 USPQ2d 1369 (Fed. Cir. 2005)
...................................................................... 1302.14 Saunders, In re, 444 F.2d 599, 170 USPQ
213 (CCPA 1971) ..... 716.02(f), 2142,
Salmon, In re, 705 F.2d 1579, 217 USPQ 2172
981 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... 1504.04,
1504.20 SawStop Holding LLC v. Vidal, 48 F.4th
1355, 2022 USPQ2d 836 (Fed. Cir. 2022)
Salsbury, Ex parte, 38 USPQ 149 (Comm’r ........................................................................... 2731
Pat. 1938) .................................................... 1504.04
Scaltech, Inc. v. Retec/Tetra, L.L.C., 269
Samour, In re, 571 F.2d 559, 197 USPQ 1 F.3d 1321, 60 USPQ2d 1687 (Fed. Cir.
(CCPA 1978) ............................................... 2131.01 2001) ....................................................... 2133.03(c)
Sampson v. Ampex Corp., 463 F.2d 1042, Scarbrough, In re, 500 F.2d 560, 182 USPQ
174 USPQ 417 (2d Cir. 1972) ..... 298 (CCPA 1974) ..... 608.01(p),
201.06(d) 2161.01, 2164.06(a), 2164.06(c)
Sampson v. Comm’r Pat., 195 USPQ 136 Schaub, In re, 537 F.2d 509, 190 USPQ 324
(D.D.C. 1976) .................................................. 1402 (CCPA 1976) ................................................. 715.03
Sampson v. Dann, 466 F. Supp. 965, 201 Schaumann, In re, 572 F.2d 312, 197 USPQ
USPQ 15 (D.D.C. 1978) .................................. 1308 5 (CCPA 1978) ..... 2131.02, 2144.08,
Samsung Electronics Co. v. Apple Inc., 137 2158.01
S. Ct. 429, 120 USPQ2d 1749 (2016) .... Schechter, In re, 205 F.2d 185, 98 USPQ
2106.03 144 (CCPA 1953) ... 2144.08, 2144.09,
Sandwick, Ex parte, Appeal No. 2173.05(i)
2018-008369 (PTAB July 23, 2019) ..... Scheiber, In re, 587 F.2d 59, 199 USPQ 782
1412.01 (CCPA 1978) ................................. 211.05, 2163.03
Sanford, Ex parte, 1914 C.D. 69, 204 O.G. Schenck v. Nortron Corp., 713 F.2d 782,
1346 (Comm’r Pat. 1914) ........................... 1504.05 218 USPQ 698 (Fed. Cir. 1983) .....
Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GMbH v. 2141.02, 2144.04
Mylan Pharms. Inc., 66 F.4th 1373, 2023 Schering Corp. v. Amgen, Inc., 222 F.3d
USPQ2d 552 (Fed. Cir. 2023) ..... 1347, 55 USPQ2d 1650 (Fed. Cir. 2000)
2141.01(a) ...................................................................... 2163.07
Sanofi-Synthelabo v. Apotex,Inc., 550 F.3d Schering Corp. v. Geneva Pharm. Inc., 339
1075, 89 USPQ2d 1370 (Fed. Cir. 2008) F.3d 1373, 67 USPQ2d 1664 (Fed. Cir.
.................................................. 2131.02, 2142, 2143 2003) ............................................. 2112, 2152.02(b)
Santarus, Inc. v. Par Pharmaceutical, Inc., Schering-Plough Corp., In re, 1 USPQ2d
694 F.3d 1344, 104 USPQ2d 1641 (Fed. 1926 (Comm’r Pat. & Tm. 1986) .....
Cir. 2012) .................................................... 2133.01 2760
SAP America, Inc. v. InvestPic, LLC, 890 Scherl, In re, 156 F.2d 72, 74-75, 70 USPQ
F.3d 1016, 126 USPQ2d 1638 (Fed. Cir. 204, 205-206 (CCPA 1946) ....................... 2144.05
2018) .................................................. 2106.04(a)(2)
Schlittler, In re, 234 F.2d 882, 110 USPQ
SAP America, Inc. v. InvestPic, LLC, 898 304 (CCPA 1956) ........................................ 2128.02
F.3d 1161, 127 USPQ2d 1597 (Fed. Cir.
2018) .................................................. 2106.04(a)(2) Schnell, In re, 46 F.2d 203, 8 USPQ 19
(CCPA 1931) ............................................... 1504.01

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

Schneller, In re, 397 F.2d 350, 158 USPQ Seid, In re, 161 F.2d 229, 73 USPQ 431
210 (CCPA 1968) ..... 804, 804.01, (CCPA 1947) ................................ 2112.01, 2144.04
1504.06 Seiko Epson Corp. v. Nu-Kote Int’l, Inc.,
Schoenwald, In re, 964 F.2d 1122, 22 190 F.3d 1360, 52 USPQ2d 1011 (Fed.
USPQ2d 1671 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ..... Cir. 1999) ............................................... 1504.01(c)
2122, 2152.02(b) Seiko Koko Kabushiki Kaisha, Ex parte,
Schreiber, In re, 128 F.3d 1473, 44 USPQ2d 225 USPQ 1260 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter.
1429 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ..... 2111.02, 1984) ................................................................ 2258
2112, 2114, 2141.01(a), 2173.05(g) Self, In re, 671 F.2d 1344, 213 USPQ 1
Schulhauser, Ex parte, Appeal 2013-007847 (CCPA 1982) ............................................... 2131.05
(PTAB April 28, 2016) ................................ 2111.04 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co. v.
Schulze, In re, 346 F.2d 600, 145 USPQ Samsung Electronics Co., 204 F.3d 1368,
716 (CCPA 1965) ..... 716.01(c), 2145, 54 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 2000) .....
2164.06(c) 609.04(a), 609.05(b), 2004
Schwendimann v. Neenah, Inc., 82 F.4th Sernaker, In re, 702 F.2d 989, 217 USPQ 1
1371, 2023 USPQ2d 1173 (Fed. Cir. (Fed. Cir. 1983) ................................................ 2144
2023) ............................................................... 2145 Shaffer Tool Works v. Joy Mfg. Co., 687
SciMed Life Sys., Inc. v. Advanced F. Supp 80, 167 USPQ 170 (S.D. Tex.
Cardiovascular Sys., Inc., 242 F.3d 1337, 1970) ........................................................... 1701.01
58 USPQ2d 1059 ([Link]. 2001) ..... Shatterproof Glass Corp. v. Libbey-Owens
2111.01 Ford Co., 758 F.2d 613, 225 USPQ 634
Scott v. Brandenburger, 216 USPQ 326 (Bd. (Fed. Cir. 1985) ...................................... 2133.03(b)
App. 1982) ....................................................... 2137 Shepherd, In re, 172 F.2d 560, 80 USPQ
Scott v. Finney, 34 F.3d 1058, 32 USPQ2d 495 (CCPA 1949) .......................................... 716.07
1115 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ..... 2107.01, Scherl, In re, 156 F.2d 72, 70 USPQ 204
2107.03, 2138.05, 2164.05 (CCPA 1946) ............................................... 2144.05
Scott v. Koyama, 281 F.3d 1243, 61 Sherwood, In re, 613 F.2d 809, 204 USPQ
USPQ2d 1856 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ..... 537 (CCPA 1980) ..... 608.01(h),
2138.06 2161.01, 2165.04
Scragg, In re, 215 USPQ 715 (Comm’r Pat. Shell Dev. Co. v. Watson, 149 F. Supp. 279,
1982) ................................................................ 2285 113 USPQ 265 (D.D.C. 1957) .....
Scripps Clinic and Res. Found. v. 2106.03
Genentech, Inc., 927 F.2d 1565, 18 Shindelar v. Holdeman, 628 F.2d 1337, 207
USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ..... USPQ 112 (CCPA 1980) ............................. 2138.03
2165.04
Shoes by Firebug LLC v. Stride Rite
Scudder, Ex parte, 169 USPQ 814 (Bd. App. Children’s Grp., LLC, 962 F.3d 1362,
1971) ................................................. 1402, 1412.04 2020 USPQ2d 10701 (Fed. Cir. 2020)
Scully Signal Co. v. Electronics Corp. of ...................................................................... 2111.02
America, 570 F.2d 355, 196 USPQ 657 Shokal, In re, 242 F.2d 771, 113 USPQ 283
(1st Cir. 1977) ............................................... 716.04 (CCPA 1957) ................................................. 715.03
Seabed Geosolutions (US) Inc. v. Magseis Sichert, In re, 566 F.2d 1154, 196 USPQ
FF LLC, 8 F.4th 1285, 2021 USPQ2d 209 (CCPA 1977) ... 2107.01, 2107.02,
848 (Fed. Cir. 2021) ................................... 2111.01 2107.03
Seal-Flex, Inc. v. Athletic Track and Court Signtech USA Ltd. v. Vutek, Inc., 174 F.3d
Construction, 172 F.3d 836, 50 USPQ2d 1352, 50 USPQ2d 1372 (Fed. Cir. 1999)
1225 (Fed. Cir. 1999) ....................................... 2181 ........................................................................... 2181
Searles, In re, 422 F.2d 431, 164 USPQ 623 Silvestri v. Grant, 496 F.2d 593, 181 USPQ
(CCPA 1970) ..................................... 2132.01, 2274 706 (CCPA 1974) ........................................ 2138.04
Seattle Box Co. v. Industrial Crating & Simon, In re, 302 F.2d 737, 133 USPQ 524
Packing, Inc., 731 F.2d 818, 221 USPQ (CCPA 1962) .................................................... 2174
568 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ............................... 2173.05(b)

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Simpson, Ex parte, 218 USPQ 1020 (Bd. Smith, In re, 714 F.2d 1127, 218 USPQ 976
App. 1982) .................................... 2173.05(u), 2175 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ..... 2133.03(a),
Sinclair & Carroll Co. v. Interchemical 2133.03(e)
Corp., 325 U.S. 327, 65 USPQ 297 Smith, In re, 815 F.3d 816, 118 USPQ2d
(1945) .......................................................... 2144.07 1245 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ... 2106.04(a)(2),
SiRF Tech., Inc. v. Int’l Trade Comm’n, 2106.05(d), 2106.07(a)
601 F.3d 1319, 94 USPQ2d 1607 (Fed. Smith v. Hayashi, 209 USPQ 754 (Bd. of
Cir. 2010) ........................................... 2106.04(a)(2) Pat. Inter. 1980) ........................................... 2144.06
Sisvel Int’l S.A. v. Sierra Wireless, Inc., 81 Smith v. M & B Sales & Mfg., 13 USPQ2d
F.4th 1231, 2023 USPQ2d 1030 (Fed. 2002 (N.D. Cal. 1990) ............................ 1504.01(c)
Cir. 2023) .................................................... 2111.01 Smith v. Nichols, 88 U.S. 112 (1874) .....
Sitrick v. Dreamworks, LLC, 516 F.3d 993, 2144.05
85 USPQ2d 1826 (Fed. Cir. 2008) ..... Smith & Davis Mfg. Co. v. Mellon, 58 F.
2161.01 705 (8th Cir. 1893) ............................. 2133.03(e)(6)
Sivaramakrishnan, In re, 673 F.2d 1383, SmithKline Beecham Corp. v. Apotex
213 USPQ 441 (CCPA 1982) ..... Corp., 403 F.3d 1331, 74 USPQ2d 1398
2131.02 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ................................................ 2112
Skil Corp. v. Lucerne Products Inc., 503 Smyth, In re, 189 F.2d 982, 90 USPQ 106
F.2d 745, 183 USPQ 396 (7th Cir. 1974) (CCPA 1951) ................................................. 716.09
................................................................. 2133.03(e)
Smythe, In re, 480 F.2d 1376, 178 USPQ
Skil Corp. v. Rockwell Manufacturing Co., 279 (CCPA 1973) ..... 2163, 2163.05,
358 F. Supp. 1257, 178 USPQ 562 (N.D. 2163.07(a)
Ill. 1973) ............................................. 2133.03(e)(3)
Sneed, In re, 710 F.2d 1544, 218 USPQ 385
Skrivan, In re, 427 F.2d 801, 166 USPQ 85 (Fed. Cir. 1983) ...................................... 1445, 2145
(CCPA 1970) ............................................... 2164.08
SNIPR Techs. LTD v. Rockefeller Univ.,
Skuballa, Ex parte, 12 USPQ2d 1570 (Bd. 72 F.4th 1372, 2023 USPQ2d 827 (Fed.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1989) .......................... 2173.05(c) Cir. 2023) .................................................... 2159.03
Sinex, In re, 309 F.2d 488, 135 USPQ 302 Sobin, Ex parte, 139 USPQ 528 (Bd. App.
(CCPA 1962) .............................................. 2111.02 1962) ....................................................... 2173.05(t)
Slayter, In re, 276 F.2d 408, 125 USPQ 345 Soli, In re, 317 F.2d 941, 137 USPQ 797
(CCPA 1960) .................................. 715.03, 2131.02 (CCPA 1963) ................................ 2144.02, 2144.03
Slip Track Systems, Inc. v. Metal Lite, Inc., Soll, In re, 97 F.2d 623, 38 USPQ 189
159 F.3d 1337, 48 USPQ2d 1055 (Fed. (CCPA 1938) ............................................... 2164.03
Cir. 1998) .................................................... 1449.02
Solomon v. Kimberly-Clark Corp., 216 F.3d
SmartGene, Inc. v. Advanced Biological 1372, 55 USPQ2d 1279 (Fed. Cir. 2000)
Labs., SA, 555 Fed. App'x. 950 (Fed. Cir. ............................................................ 2172, 2173.02
2014) .................................................. 2106.04(a)(2)
Solutran, Inc. v. Elavon, Inc., 931 F.3d
Smernoff, Ex parte, 215 USPQ 545 (Bd. 1161, 2019 USPQ2d 281076 (Fed. Cir.
App. 1982) ....................................................... 2109 2019) ....................................................... 2106.04(d)
Smith, Ex parte, 83 USPQ2d 1509 (Bd. Pat. Soni, In re, 54 F.3d 746, 34 USPQ2d 1684
App. & Int. 2007) ............................................. 2143 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ............................... 707.07(f), 2145
Smith, In re, 77 F. 2d 513, 25 USPQ 359, Sony Computer Entertainment America,
1935 C.D. 565 (CCPA 1935) ..... Inc. v. Dudas, 85 USPQ2d 1594 (E.D.
1504.01(d) Va. 2006) ......................................................... 2240
Smith, In re, 77 F.2d 514, 25 USPQ 360, Sorenson, Ex parte, 3 USPQ2d 1462 (Bd.
1935 C.D. 573 (CCPA 1935) ..... Pat. App. & Inter. 1987) .............................. 2163.05
1504.01(d)
Spada, In re, 911 F.2d 705, 15 USPQ2d
Smith, In re, 458 F.2d 1389, 173 USPQ 679 1655 (Fed. Cir. 1990) ........................ 2112.01, 2182
(CCPA 1972) ..................................... 2163, 2163.05
Spectra-Physics, Inc. v. Coherent, Inc., 827
F.2d 1524, 3 USPQ2d 1737 (Fed. Cir.

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

1987) ..... 608.01(h), 2161.01, Steed, In re, 802 F.3d 1311, 116 USPQ2d
2164.01(b), 2165.02, 2165.04 1760 (Fed. Cir. 2015) ..... 715.07,
Spencer, In re, 273 F.2d 181, 124 USPQ 715.07(a)
175 (CCPA 1959) ........................................ 1449.02 Steele, In re, 305 F.2d 859, 134 USPQ 292
Spiegel, Ex parte, 1919 C.D. 112, 268 O.G. (CCPA 1962) ................................ 2143.03, 2173.06
741 (Comm’r Pat. 1919) ............................ 1503.01 Steenbock, In re, 83 F.2d 912, 30 USPQ 45
Spiller, In re, 500 F.2d 1170, 182 USPQ (CCPA 1936) ................................................ 211.05
614 (CCPA 1974) ............................. 715.02, 715.03 Steierman v. Connelly, 192 USPQ 433 (Bd.
Sponnoble, In re, 405 F.2d 578, 160 USPQ Pat. Int. 1975) ................................................... 2004
237 (CCPA 1969) ........................................ 2141.02 Steierman v. Connelly, 192 USPQ 446 (Bd.
Sport Dimension, Inc. v. Coleman Co. Inc., Pat. Int. 1976) ................................................... 2004
820 F.3d 1316, 118 USPQ2d 1607 (Fed. Steierman v. Connelly, 197 USPQ 288
Cir. 2016) .................................................... 1504.02 (Comm’r Pat. 1976) .................................... 2138.03
SRI Int'l, Inc. v. Internet Sec. Sys., Inc., 511 Steigerwald, Ex parte, 131 USPQ 74 (Bd.
F.3d 1186, 85 USPQ2d 1489 (Fed. Cir. App. 1961) .................................... 2173.05(d), 2175
2008) ....................................................... 2152.02(e) Steinberg v. Seitz, 517 F.2d 1359, 186
Staats, In re, 671 F.3d 1350, 101 USPQ2d USPQ 209 (CCPA 1975) ........................ 2133.03(c)
1930 (Fed. Cir. 2012) .................................. 1412.03 Stemniski, In re, 444 F.2d 581, 170 USPQ
Staeger v. Commissioner, 189 USPQ 272 343 (CCPA 1971) ......................... 2144.08, 2144.09
(D.D.C. 1976) ........................ 409.03(b), 602.08(b) Stempel, In re, 241 F.2d 755, 113 USPQ 77
Staehelin v. Secher, 24 USPQ2d 1513 (Bd. (CCPA 1957) ................................................. 715.03
Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) ................................... 2109 Stencel, In re, 828 F.2d 751, 4 USPQ2d
Stalego, Ex parte, 154 USPQ 52 (Bd. App. 1071 (Fed. Cir. 1987) .................................. 2111.02
1966) .................................... 901.01, 2127, 2136.02 Stepan, In re, 868 F.3d 1342, 123 USPQ2d
Standard Oil Co. v. Montedison, S.p.A., 494 1838 (Fed. Cir. 2017) .................................. 2144.05
F. Supp 370, 206 USPQ 676 ([Link]. Steppan, In re, 394 F.2d 1013, 156 USPQ
1980) ........................................................... 2165.01 143 (CCPA 1967) ................................... 2173.05(o)
Standish, Ex parte, 10 USPQ2d 1454 (Bd. Stern, Ex parte, 13 USPQ2d 1379 (Bd. Pat.
Pat. App. & Inter. 1988) ..... 716.03(a), App. & Inter. 1987) ..................................... 2144.04
716.03(b), 2138.01
Stevens, Ex parte, 16 USPQ2d 1379 (Bd.
Stanley, Ex parte, 121 USPQ 621 (Bd. App. Pat. App. & Inter. 1990) .............................. 2107.03
1958) ................................................................ 2181
Stevens, In re, 173 F.2d 1015, 81 USPQ 362
Star Fruits S.N.C. v. United States, 280 (CCPA 1949) .......................................... 1504.01(c)
[Link].2d 512 (E.D. Va 2003) .....
704.12(a), 2005 Stevens, In re, 212 F.2d 197, 101 USPQ 284
(CCPA 1954) ............................................... 2144.04
Star Fruits S.N.C. v. United States, 61393
F.3d 1277, 73 USPQ2d 1409 (Fed. Cir. Stevenson v. International Trade Comm’n,
2005) ................................................... 704.10, 2005 612 F.2d 546, 204 USPQ 276 (CCPA
1979) ....................................................... 2141.01(a)
Starhome GmbH v. AT&T Mobility LLC,
743 F.3d 849, 109 USPQ2d 1885 (Fed. Stewart Sys. v. Commissioner of Patents
Cir. 2014) .................................................... 2111.01 and Trademarks, 1 USPQ2d 1879 (E.D.
Va. 1986) .......................................................... 2258
State Contracting & Eng’g Corp. v.
Condotte America, Inc., 346 F.3d 1057, Sticker Indus. Supply Corp. v. Blaw-Knox
68 USPQ2d 1481 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ..... Co., 405 F.2d 90, 160 USPQ 177 (7th
2131.05, 2141.01(a) Cir. 1968) ............................... 201.06(d), 211.01(b)

State Street Bank & Trust Co. v. Signature Stoddard, In re, 213 USPQ 386 (Comm’r
Fin. Grp., 149 F.3d 1368, 47 USPQ2d Pat. 1982) ......................................................... 2285
1596 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ....................................... 2106 Stored Value Solutions, Inc. v. Card
Activation Technologies, 499 [Link]’x
5 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ............................................. 2163

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Stratoflex, Inc. v. Aeroquip Corp., 713 F.2d Superguide Corp. v. Direct TV Enterprises,
1530, 218 USPQ 871 (Fed. Cir. 1983) Inc., 358 F.3d 870, 69 USPQ2d 1865
..... 716.01(a), 2141, 2141.01(a), (Fed. Cir. 2004) ........................................... 2111.01
2141.02, 2144.08 Superior Fireplace Co. v. The Majestic
Strijland, Ex parte, 26 USPQ2d 1259 (Bd. Products Co., 270 F.3d 1358, 60 USPQ2d
Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) ..... 1503.01, 1668 (Fed. Cir. 2001) ...................................... 1481
1504.01(a), 1504.04 Supernus Pharm., Inc. v. Iancu, 913 F.3d
Striker, In re, 182 USPQ 507 (Comm’r Pat. 1351, 129 USPQ2d 1240 (Fed. Cir. 2019)
1973) ....................................... 409.03(b), 602.08(b) ........................................................................... 2732
Strong v. General Electric Co., 434 F.2d SurgiSil, L.L.P., In re, 14 F.4th 1380, 2021
1042, 168 USPQ 8 (5th Cir. 1970) ..... USPQ2d 1008 (Fed. Cir. 2021) .....
2012, 2016, 2133.03(b) 1502, 1504.02
Stryker, In re, 435 F.2d 1340, 168 USPQ Sus, In re, 306 F.2d 494, 134 USPQ 301
372 (CCPA 1971) .......................................... 715.02 (CCPA 1962) .................................... 2163, 2163.05
Studiengesellschaft Kohle m.b.H. v. Susi, In re, 440 F.2d 442, 169 USPQ 423
Northern Petrochemical Co., 784 F.2d (CCPA 1971) ..................................... 2123, 2144.08
351, 228 USPQ 837 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ..... Suska, In re, 589 F.2d 527, 200 USPQ 497
804.01, 804.04 (CCPA 1979) ............................................... 2138.03
Studiengesellschaft Kohle m.b.H. v. Shell Swanson, In re, 540 F.3d 1368, 88 USPQ
Oil Co., 112 F.3d 1561, 42 USPQ2d 1674 2d 1196 (Fed. Cir. 2008) ..... 2242,
(Fed. Cir. 1997) ..... 211.05, 2133.01, 2286, 2816
2146.03(a)
Swartz, In re, 232 F.3d 862, 56 USPQ2d
STX LLC. v. Brine, 211 F.3d 588, 54 1703 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ..... 2107.01,
USPQ2d 1347 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ..... 2164.07
2111.02, 2133.03(c)
Sweet, In re, 136 F.2d 722, 58 USPQ 327
Suffolk Tech v. AOL and Google, 752 F.3d (CCPA 1943) ............................................... 1211.02
1358, 110 USPQ2d 2034 (Fed. Cir. 2014)
........................................................................... 2128 Swett, In re, 541 F.2d 631, 172 USPQ 72
(CCPA 1971) ............................................... 1504.06
Suh v. Hoefle, 23 USPQ2d 1321 (Bd. Pat.
App. & Inter. 1992) ..................................... 2138.05 Swinehart, In re, 439 F.2d 210, 169 USPQ
226 (CCPA 1971) ..... 2114, 2161.01,
Suitco Surface, Inc., In re, 603 F.3d 1255, 2173.01, 2173.05(g), 2183
94 USPQ2d 1640 (Fed. Cir. 2010) .....
2111, 2111.01, 2173.01 Switzer, In re, 166 F.2d 827, 77 USPQ 156
(CCPA 1948) ................................................. 901.02
Sullivan, In re, 498 F.3d 1345, 84 USPQ2d
1034 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ....................................... 2145 Switzer v. Sockman, 333 F.2d 935, 142
USPQ 226 (CCPA 1964) ..... 1403,
Sundance, Inc. v. DeMonte Fabricating Ltd., 1412.03, 2304.02(c)
550 F.3d 1356, 89 USPQ2d 1535 (Fed.
Cir. 2008) ......................................................... 2143 Sylgab Steel & Wire Corp. v.
Imoco-Gateway Corp., 357 F. Supp 657,
Sun Pharm. Indus., Ltd. v. Eli Lilly & Co., 178 USPQ 22 (N.D. Ill. 1973) .....
611 F.3d 1381, 95 USPQ2d 1797 (Fed. 2165.01
Cir. 2010) ........................................................... 804
Symbol Tech. Inc. v. Lemelson Med.,
Sunoco Partners Mktg. & Terminals LP v. Educ., & Research Found., 422 F.3d
U.S. Venture, Inc., 32 F.4th 1161, 2022 1378, 76 USPQ2d 1354 (Fed. Cir. 2005)
USPQ2d 417 (Fed. Cir. 2022) ..... ........................................................................... 2190
2133.03(e)(1), 2133.03(e)(2)
Symbol Techs., Inc. v. Opticon Inc., 935
Sunrace Roots Enter. Co. v. SRAM Corp., F.2d 1569, 19 USPQ2d 1241 (Fed. Cir.
336 F.3d 1298, 67 USPQ2d 1438 (Fed. 1991) ..... 804.01, 804.02, 804.04,
Cir. 2003) .................................................... 2111.01 2121.01, 2158
Sun Studs v. ATA Equipment Leasing, Inc., Synopsys, Inc. v. Mentor Graphics Corp.,
872 F.2d 978, 10 USPQ2d 1338 (Fed. 839 F.3d 1138, 120 USPQ2d 1473 (Fed.
Cir. 1989) ..................................... 2136.02, 2136.03 Cir. 2016) ..... 2106, 2106.04,

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 MANUAL OF PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE

2106.04(a), 2106.04(a)(2), 2106.05, 2017) .... 2106, 2106.04(a), 2106.05(a),

2106.05(a), 2106.07(b) 2106.05(f)
Tabuchi v. Nubel, 559 F.2d 1183, 194 Theis, In re, 610 F.2d 786, 204 USPQ 188
USPQ 521 (CCPA 1977) ............................. 2404.02 (CCPA 1979) ..... 2133.03(b),
Takeda Chem. Indus., Ltd. v. Alphapharm 2133.03(e)(1), 2133.03(e)(3),
Pty., Ltd., 492 F.3d 1350, 83 USPQ2d 2133.03(e)(6)
1169 (Fed. Cir. 2007) ....................................... 2143 The NutraSweet Co., Ex parte, 19 USPQ2d
Talbott, In re, 443 F.2d 1397, 170 USPQ 1586 (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 1991) .....
281 (CCPA 1971) ........................................ 2135.01 716.02(a)

Tanaka, In re, 640 F.3d 1246, 98 USPQ2d Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson v. TCL

1331 (Fed. Cir. 2011) ............................. 1402, 1414 Corp., 941 F.3d 1341, 2019 USPQ2d
428076 (Fed. Cir. 2019) ............................. 2128.01
Tanczyn, In re, 347 F.2d 830, 146 USPQ
298 (CCPA 1965) .......................................... 715.02 The Telephone Cases, 126 U.S. 1 (1888)
........................................................ 2106.05(f), 2163
Tangsrud, In re, 184 USPQ 746 (Comm’r
Pat. 1973) ................................................... 214, 215 Theodor Groz & Sohne & Ernst Beckert
Nadelfabrik KG v. Quigg, 10 USPQ2d
Tansel, In re, 253 F.2d 241, 117 USPQ 188 1787 (D.D.C. 1988) ............................... 2265, 2272
(CCPA 1958) ............................................... 2146.02
Therasense, Inc. v. Becton, Dickinson &
Tarczy-Hornoch, In re, 397 F.2d 856, 158 Co., 649 F.3d 1276, 99 USPQ2d 1065
USPQ 141 (CCPA 1968) ........................ 2173.05(v) (Fed. Cir. 2011) ........................ 2000.01, 2016 2803
Tas v. Beachy, 626 Fed. App'x. 999 (Fed. Thomas & Betts Corp. v. Litton Sys., Inc.,
Cir. 2015) ..... 2301.03, 2304.02(c), 720 F.2d 1572, 220 USPQ 1 (Fed. Cir.
2304.02(d) 1983) ........................................................... 2141.03
Teague, In re, 254 F.2d 145, 117 USPQ 284 Thomas D. Sykes v. Jon W. Dudas, 573
(CCPA 1958) .................................... 715.05, 804.02 F.Supp2d 191, 89 USPQ2d 1423 (D.D.C.
Technicon Instruments Corp. v. Alpkem 2008) ................................................................ 2710
Corp., 664 F. Supp 1558, 2 USPQ2d Thompson, Ex parte, Appeal 2011-011620
1729 (D. Ore 1986) ................................ 2164.05(b) (March 21, 2014) ......................................... 716.04
Tech. Licensing Corp. v. Videotek, Inc., Thomson, Ex parte, 24 USPQ2d 1618 (Bd.
545 F.3d 1316, 88 USPQ2d 1865 (Fed. Pat. App. & Inter. 1992) .............................. 2121.03
Cir. 2008) ......................................................... 2181
Thorington, In re, 418 F.2d 528, 163 USPQ
Telcordia Techs., Inc. v. Cisco Systems, 644 (CCPA 1969) ................................ 804, 1504.06
Inc., 612 F.3d 1365, 95 USPQ2d 1673
(Fed. Cir. 2010) ................................................ 2181 Thorner v. Sony Computer Entertainment
America LLC, 669 F.3d 1362, 101
Tennant Co. v. Hako Minuteman, Inc., 4 USPQ2d 1457 (Fed. Cir. 2012) .....
USPQ2d 1167 (N.D. Ill. 1987) ........................ 2293 2111.01
Teva Pharms. Int’l GmbH v. Eli Lilly & Thorpe, In re, 777 F.2d 695, 227 USPQ 964
Co., 8 F.4th 1349, 2021 USPQ2d 866 (Fed. Cir. 1985) ...................................... 2113, 2148
(Fed. Cir. 2021) ....................................... 716.01(b)
3M Innovative Properties Co. v. Tredegar
Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc v. Sandoz, Corp., 725 F.3d 1315, 107 USPQ2d 1717
Inc., 574 U.S. 318, 35 S. Ct. 831, 113 (Fed. Cir. 2013) ........................................... 2111.01
USPQ2d 1269 (2015) ..... 2111.01,
2131.01 Thumm, Ex parte, 132 USPQ 66 (Bd. App.
1961) ......................................................... 716.02(a)
Texas Instruments, Inc. v. Int’l Trade
Comm’n, 988 F.2d 1165, 26 USPQ2d Tiffin, In re, 443 F.2d 394, 170 USPQ 88
1018 (Fed. Cir. 1993) .................................... 716.04 (CCPA 1971) ....................................... 716.04, 2142

Thaler v. Vidal, 43 F.4th 1207 (Fed. Cir. Tiffin, In re, 448 F.2d 791, 171 USPQ 294
2022) ............................................................... 2109 (CCPA 1971) ............................................ 716.03(a)

Thales Visionix, Inc. v. United States, 850 Tilghman v. Proctor, 102 U.S. 707 (1880)
F.3d 1343, 121 USPQ2d 1898 (Fed. Cir. ............................................. 2106.04(b), 2106.05(c)

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Tillotson Ltd. v. Walbro Corp., 831 F.2d Transmatic, Inc. v. Gulton Indus., Inc., 601
1033, 4 USPQ2d 1450 (Fed. Cir. 1987) F.2d 904, 202 USPQ 559 (6th Cir. 1979)
...................................................................... 1412.03 ...................................................................... 1504.06
Titanium Metals Corp. of America v. Trans Texas Holdings Corp., In re, 498 F.3d
Banner, 778 F.2d 775, 227 USPQ 773 1290, 83 USPQ2d 1835 (Fed. Cir. 2007)
(Fed. Cir. 1985) ..... 2112.01, 2131.01, ................................................................. 2259, 2286
2131.03, 2144.05 TransWeb v. 3M, 812 F.3d 1295, 117
TLI Communications LLC v. AV USPQ2d 1617 (Fed. Cir. 2016) .....
Automotive LLC, 823 F.3d 607, 118 2004
USPQ2d 1744 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ..... TriMed, Inc. v. Stryker Corp., 514 F.3d
2106, 2106.04(a), 2106.04(a)(2), 1256, 85 USPQ2d 1787 (Fed. Cir. 2008)
2106.05(a), 2106.05(b), 2106.05(d), ........................................................................... 2181
2106.05(f)
Trimless Cabinets, In re, 128 USPQ 95
Tol-O-Matic, Inc. v. Proma Produkt-Und (Comm’r Pat. 1960) ........................................... 103
Mktg. Gesellschaft m.b.H., 945 F.2d
1546, 20 USPQ2d 1332 (Fed. Cir. 1991) Tronzo v. Biomet, Inc., 156 F.3d 1154, 47
...................................................................... 2107.02 USPQ2d 1829 (Fed. Cir. 1998) .....
211.05, 2163, 2163.03, 2163.05
Tomlinson, In re, 363 F.2d 928, 150 USPQ
623 (CCPA 1966) ........................................ 2112.02 Trs. of Bos. Univ. v. Everlight Elecs. Co.,
LTD., 896 F.3d 1357, 127 USPQ2d 1609
Tone Brothers, Inc. v. Sysco Corp., 28 F.3d (Fed. Cir. 2018) ........................................... 2161.01
1192, 31 USPQ2d 1321 (Fed. Cir. 1994)
............................................. 1504.02, 2133.03(e)(6) Tucker, Ex parte, 1901 C.D. 140, 47 O.G.
187 (Comm’r Pat. 1901) ............................. 1503.02
Toro Co. v. Deere & Co., 355 F.3d 1313,
69 USPQ2d 1584 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ..... Tucker v. Naito, 188 USPQ 260 (Bd. Pat.
2112 Inter. 1975) ....................................................... 2109

Toro Co. v. White Consol. Indus., Inc., 199 Tucker v. Natta, 171 USPQ 494 (Bd. Pat.
F.3d 1295, 53 USPQ2d 1065 (Fed. Cir. Inter. 1971) .................................................. 2138.06
1999) ................................................... 804, 2111.01 Tucker Aluminum Prods. v. Grossman, 312
TorPharm., Inc. v. Ranbaxy F.2d 393, 136 USPQ 244 (9th Cir. 1963)
Pharmaceuticals, 336 F.3d 1322, 67 ............................................................ 2133.03(e)(1)
USPQ2d 1511 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ..... Tvngo Ltd. (BVI) v. LG Elecs. Inc., 861
2116.01 Fed. Appx. 453, 2021 USPQ2d 697 (Fed.
Townsend v. Smith, 36 F.2d 292, 4 USPQ Cir. 2021) .................................................... 2173.03
269 (CCPA 1929) ........................................ 2138.04 Twin Disc, Inc. v. United States, 231 USPQ
TP Labs., Inc. v. Professional Positioners, 417 (Cl. Ct. 1986) ....................................... 2131.05
Inc., 724 F.2d 965, 220 USPQ 577 (Fed. Tyco Healthcare Grp. v. Ethicon
Cir. 1984) ................................................ 2133.03(a) EndoSurgery, Inc., 774 F.3d 968, 112
TQP Development, LLC v. Intuit Inc., 2014 USPQ2d 1979 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .....
WL 651935 (E.D. Tex. 2014) ..... 2138.06
2106.04(a)(2) Typhoon Touch Inc. v. Dell Inc., 659 F.3d
Trading Techs. Int'l, Inc. v. CQG, Inc., 675 1376, 100 USPQ2d 1690 (Fed. Cir. 2011)
Fed. App'x. 1001 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ..... ........................................................................... 2181
2106.04(a)(1), 2106.05(a) Tytgat, Ex parte, 225 USPQ 907 (Bd. Pat.
Transco Products, Inc. v. Performance App. & Inter. 1985) ..................................... 2308.03
Contracting, Inc., 38 F.3d 551, 32 Uber Techs., Inc. v. X One, Inc., 957 F.3d
USPQ2d 1077 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ..... 1334, 2020 USPQ2d 10476 (Fed. Cir.
211.05, 2107.01, 2165.01 2020) ................................................ 2141.03, 2145
Translogic Technology Inc., In re, 504 F.3d UCB, Inc. v. Actavis Labs. UT, Inc., 65
1249, 84 USPQ2d 1929 (Fed. Cir. 2007) F.4th 679, 2023 USPQ2d 448 (Fed. Cir.
................................................................. 2114, 2286 2023) ..... 716.02, 716.03(b), 2131.03,
2144.05, 2145

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Ulead Systems, Inc. v. Lex Computer & University of Rochester v. G.D. Searle &
Management Corp., 351 F.3d 1139, 69 Co., 358 F.3d 916, 69 USPQ2d 1886
USPQ2d 1097 (Fed. Cir. 2003) ..... (Fed. Cir. 2004) ................................................ 2163
509.02 Univ. of Utah v. Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Ultramercial, Inc. v. Hulu, LLC, 772 F.3d zur Forderung der Wissenschaften E.V.,
709, 112 USPQ2d 1750 (Fed. Cir. 2014) 734 F.3d 1315, 107 USPQ2d 1989 (Fed.
.... 2106.04, 2106.04(a), 2106.04(a)(2), Cir. 2013) ........................................................ 2109
2106.05(b), 2106.05(d), 2106.05(f), University of Utah Research Foundation v.
2106.05(g), 2106.05(h) Ambry Genetics, 774 F.3d 755, 113
UMC Elecs. Co. v. United States, 816 F.2d USPQ2d 1241 (Fed. Cir. 2014) .....
647, 2 USPQ2d 1465 (Fed. Cir. 1987) 2106.04(a)(2), 2106.04(b), 2106.04(c),
................................... 2133.03(b), 2133.03(c), 2163 2106.05, 2106.05(d)
Unidynamics Corp. v. Automatic Prod. Int’l, Unwired Planet, LLC v. Google Inc., 841
157 F.3d 1311, 48 USPQ2d 1099 (Fed. F.3d 995, 120 USPQ2d 1593 (Fed. Cir.
Cir. 1998) ......................................................... 2181 2016) ...................................................... 2141.01(a)
Unimed, Inc. v. Quigg, 888 F.2d 826, 12 Upsher-Smith Labs v. Pamlab, LLC, 412
USPQ2d 1644 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ..... F.3d 1319, 75 USPQ2d 1213 (Fed. Cir.
2754.01 2005) ................................................. 2123, 2131.05
Union Carbide Corp. v. Borg-Warner Corp., Urbanski, In re, 809 F.3d 1237, 117
550 F.2d 355, 193 USPQ 1 (6th Cir. USPQ2d 1499 (Fed. Cir. 2016) .....
1977) ................................................................ 2165 2143, 2143.01
Union Oil of Cal. v. Atlantic Richfield Co., U.S. Industries v. Norton Co., 210 USPQ
208 F.3d 989, 54 USPQ2d 1227 (Fed. 94 (N.D. N.Y. 1980) ......................................... 2004
Cir. 2000) ................................................... 2163.05 Ushakoff v. United States, 327 F.2d 669,
Union Pacific Resources Co. v. Chesapeake 140 USPQ 341 (Ct. Cl. 1964) .....
Energy Corp., 236 F.3d 684, 57 USPQ2d 2133.03(e)(1)
1293 (Fed. Cir. 2001) ............................. 2164.06(a) Vaeck, In re, 947 F.2d 488, 20 USPQ2d
Uniroyal, Inc. v. Rudkin-Wiley Corp., 837 1438 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ..... 2107.01,
F.2d 1044, 5 USPQ2d 1434 (Fed. Cir. 2144.08, 2164.01, 2164.01(c), 2164.03,
1988) ........................................................... 2144.08 2164.06(b), 2164.08
United Carbon Co. v. Binney & Smith Co., Valmont Industries, Inc. v. Reinke
317 U.S. 228, 55 USPQ 381 (1942) ..... Manufacturing Co., 983 F.2d 1039, 25
2173.05(g) USPQ2d 1451 (Fed. Cir. 1993) .....
United States v. Adams, 383 U.S. 39, 148 2183, 2184, 2186
USPQ 479 (1966) .. 716.01(b), 716.05, Valve Corp. v. Ironburg Inventions Ltd., 8
2141, 2143, 2143.01, 2144.05,2145 F.4th 1364, 2021 USPQ2d 867 (Fed. Cir.
United States v. Morgan, 313 U.S. 409, 61 2021) ................................................................ 2128
S. Ct. 999 (1941) ......................................... 1701.01 Vamco Machine and Tool, Inc., In re, 752
United States v. Telectronics, Inc., 857 F.2d F.2d 1564, 224 USPQ 617 (Fed. Cir.
778, 8 USPQ2d 1217 (Fed. Cir. 1988) 1985) ......................................................... 716.03(b)
....................................................... 2164.01, 2164.06 Vandenberg v. Dairy Equipment Co., 740
United States Indus. Chem., Inc. v. Carbide F.2d 1560, 224 USPQ 195 (Fed. Cir.
and Carbon Chem. Corp., 315 U.S. 668, 1984) ............................................................. 716.06
53 USPQ 6 (1942) ....................................... 1411.02 Vander Wal, Ex parte, 109 USPQ 119, 1956
United States Gypsum Co. v. National C.D. 11, 705 O.G. 5 (Bd. Pat. App. 1955)
Gypsum Co., 74 F3d 1209, 37 USPQ2d ................................................................... 608.04(a)
1388 (Fed. Cir. 1996) ............................... 608.01(v) Van Esdonk, In re, 187 USPQ 671 (Comm’r
United Therapeutics Corp. v Liquidia Pat. 1975) ..................................................... 216.01
Techs., Inc., 74 F.4th 1360, 2023 Van Geuns, In re, 988 F.2d 1181, 26
USPQ2d 862 (Fed. Cir. 2023) ... 2113, USPQ2d 1057 (Fed. Cir. 1993) .....
2164.05(b), 2164.08 707.07(f), 2145

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 LIST OF DECISIONS CITED

Van Langenhoven, In re, 458 F.2d 132, 173 Vogel, In re, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619
USPQ 426 (CCPA 1972) ..... 211.05, (CCPA 1970) ..... 804, 804.01, 804.02,
2004, 2135.01, 2152.02(b), 2217, 2258 1504.06
Vanmoor v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc ., 201 Voter Verified, Inc. v. Premier Election
F.3d 1363, 53 USPQ2d 1377 (Fed. Cir. Solutions, Inc., 698 F.3d 1374, 104
2000) ...................................................... 2133.03(c) USPQ2d 1553 (Fed. Cir. 2012) .....
Van Ornum, In re, 686 F.2d 937, 214 USPQ 2128, 2128.01, 2152.02(e)
761 (CCPA 1982) ..... 804, 804.02, Volvo Penta of the Americas, LLC v.
1504.06 Brunswick Corp., 81 F.4th 1202, 2023
Van Os, In re, 844 F.3d 1359, 121 USPQ2d USPQ2d 1000 (Fed. Cir. 2023) .....
1209 (Fed. Cir. 2017) ..... 2143, 716.01(b), 716.01(d), 2145
2144.03, 2144.05 Wadlinger, In re, 496 F.2d 1200, 181 USPQ
Varga, Ex Parte, 189 USPQ 209 (Bd. App. 826 (CCPA 1974) ........................................ 1412.02
1973) ........................................................... 2012.01 Wagenhorst, In re, 62 F.2d 831, 16 USPQ
Varma, In re, 816 F.3d 1352, 118 USPQ2d 126, 20 CCPA 829 (CCPA 1933) .....
1342 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ................................. 2111.01 715.05

Vas-Cath, Inc. v. Mahurkar, 935 F.2d 1555, Wagner, In re, 371 F.2d 877, 152 USPQ
19 USPQ2d 1111 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ..... 552 (CCPA 1967), ......................................... 716.02
608.04(a), 1504.20, 2152.02(b), 2161, Wahl v. Rexnord, Inc., 624 F.2d 1169, 206
2161.01, 2163, 2163.02, 2164, 2181 USPQ 865 (3rd Cir. 1980) .......................... 1504.06
Vasudevan Software, Inc. v. MicroStrategy, Wakefield, In re, 422 F.2d 897, 164 USPQ
Inc., 782 F.3d 671, 114 USPQ2d 1349 636 (CCPA 1970) ..... 715.02,
(Fed. Cir. 2015) ................................. 2161, 2161.01 2173.05(i)
Vectra Fitness Inc. v. TNWK Corp., 162 Waldemar Link, GmbH & Co. v. Osteonics
F.3d 1379, 49 USPQ2d 1144 (Fed. Cir. Corp., 32 F.3d 556, 31 USPQ2d 1855
1998) ........................................................... 1412.03 (Fed. Cir. 1994) ......................................... 608.04(a)
Venezia, In re, 530 F.2d 956, 189 USPQ Walter, In re, 618 F.2d 758, 205 USPQ 397
149 (CCPA 1976) ..... 2163, 2163.05, (CCPA 1980) .......................................... 2183, 2184
2172.01, 2173.05(g) Wands, In re, 858 F.2d 731, 8 USPQ2d
Venner, In re, 262 F.2d 91, 120 USPQ 193 1400 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ..... 2107.02,
(CCPA 1958) ..................................... 2114, 2144.04 2161.01, 2164.01, 2164.01(a), 2164.04,
Verdegaal Bros. v. Union Oil Co. of 2164.06, 2164.06(b), 2164.08, 2166
California, 814 F.2d 628, 2 USPQ2d Wang Labs., Inc. v. Toshiba Corp., 993 F.2d
1051 (Fed. Cir. 1987) ....................................... 2131 858, 26 USPQ2d 1767 (Fed. Cir. 1993)
VerHoef, In re, 888 F.3d 1362, 126 F.2d ......................... 2164.01, 2163, 2164.06, 2164.06(b)
1561 (Fed. Cir. 2018) ........................ 2137, 2138.04 Ward, In re, 236 F.2d 428, 111 USPQ 101
Versata Dev. Group v. SAP Am., Inc., 793 (CCPA 1956) .................................... 715.05, 804.02
F.3d 1306, 115 USPQ2d 1681 (Fed. Cir. Warmerdam, In re, 33 F.3d 1354, 31
2015) ..... 2106.04(a)(2), 2106.05(a), USPQ2d 1754 (Fed. Cir. 1994) .....
2106.05(b), 2106.05(d), 2106.05(f), 2106.05(c)
2106.07(a) Warner, In re, 379 F.2d 1011, 154 USPQ
Vickers, In re, 141 F.2d 522, 61 USPQ 122 173 (CCPA 1967) ............................................. 2142
(CCPA 1944) ............................................... 2164.03 Warner-Jenkinson Co. v. Hilton Davis
Visual Memory LLC. v. NVIDIA Corp., Chemical Co., 520 U.S. 17, 41 USPQ2d
867 F.3d 1253, 123 USPQ2d 1712 (Fed. 1865 (1997) ..... 2144.05, 2183, 2184,
Cir. 2017) ............................ 2106.04(a), 2106.05(a) 2186
Vitronics Corp. v. Conceptronic Inc., 90 Water Technologies Corp. v. Calco Ltd.,
F.3d 1576, 39 USPQ2d 1573 (Fed. Cir. 850 F.2d 660, 7 USPQ2d 1097 (Fed. Cir.
1996) ........................................................... 2111.01 1988) ........................................................... 2111.03

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Watkinson, In re, 900 F.2d 230, 14 USPQ2d Wetmore v. Quick, 536 F.2d 937, 190
1407 (Fed. Cir. 1990) .... 803.05, 1201, USPQ 223 (CCPA 1976) ............................. 2138.05
1412.01, 1457 Wetterau, In re, 356 F.2d 556, 148 USPQ
Watson, In re, 517 F.2d 465, 186 USPQ 11 499 (CCPA 1966) ............................................... 804
(CCPA 1975) ................................ 2107.01, 2107.03 White, Ex parte, 127 USPQ 261 (Bd. App.
Watson v. Allen, 254 F.2d 342, 117 USPQ 1958) ....................................................... 2173.05(o)
68 (D.C. Cir. 1958) ............................ 2133.03(e)(3) White, In re, 405 F.2d 904, 160 USPQ 417
Watts v. XL Systems, Inc., 232 F.3d 877, (CCPA 1969) ...................................................... 804
56 USPQ2d 1836 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ..... White Consol. Indus. v. Vega
2181 Servo-Control, Inc., 214 USPQ 796
Waymouth, In re, 486 F.2d 1058, 179 USPQ ([Link]. 1982) .................................... 2164.06(c)
627 (CCPA 1974) ................................... 1207.03(a) White Consol. Indus. v. Vega
Waymouth, In re, 499 F.2d 1273, 182 USPQ Servo-Control, Inc., 713 F.2d 788, 218
290 (CCPA 1973) .......................................... 716.02 USPQ 961 (Fed. Cir. 1983) .....
WBIP, LLC v. Kohler Co., 829 F.3d 1317, 608.01(p), 2161.01, 2164.06(c)
119 USPQ2d 1301 (Fed. Cir. 2016) ..... Whitelaw, Ex parte, 1915 C.D. 18, 219 O.G.
716.01(b), 2145 1237 (Comm’r Pat. 1914) .....
Weatherchem Corp. v. J.L. Clark, Inc., 163 2173.05(n)
F.3d 1326, 49 USPQ2d 1001 (Fed. Cir. Whittle, In re, 454 F.2d 1193, 172 USPQ
1998) .................................. 2133.03(b), 2133.03(c) 535 (CCPA 1972) ........................................ 2136.05
Webb, Ex parte, 30 USPQ2d 1064 (Bd. Pat. Wiechert, In re, 370 F.2d 927, 152 USPQ
App. & Inter. 1993) ................................ 1504.01(c) 247 (CCPA 1967) ..... 1207.03(a),
Webb, In re, 916 F.2d 1553, 16 USPQ2d 2144.09
1433 (Fed. Cir. 1990) .............................. 1504.01(c) Wiesner v. Weigert, 666 F.2d 582, 212
Weber, In re, 405 F.2d 1403, 160 USPQ USPQ 721 (CCPA 1981) ............................. 2138.05
549 (CCPA 1969) .......................................... 716.07 Wiggins, In re, 488 F.2d 538, 179 USPQ
Weiler, In re, 790 F.2d 1576, 229 USPQ 421 (CCPA 1973) ... 2121.02, 2131.04,
673 (Fed. Cir. 1986) ..... 803.05, 2173.02, 2173.05(b)
1412.01 Wikdahl, Ex parte, 10 USPQ2d 1546 (Bd.
Welker Bearing Co., v. PHD, Inc., 550 F.3d Pat. App. & Inter. 1989) ..... 1412.02,
1090, 89 USPQ2d 1289 (Fed. Cir. 2008) 1412.03, 2258
........................................................................... 2181 Wilder, In re, 563 F.2d 457, 195 USPQ 426
Wells, In re, 56 F.2d 674, 12 USPQ 430 (CCPA 1977) ................................ 2144.08, 2144.09
(CCPA 1932) ............................................... 2144.05 Wilder, In re, 736 F.2d 1516, 222 USPQ
Wells v. Fremont, 177 USPQ 22 (Bd. Pat. 369 (Fed. Cir. 1984) ..... 1402, 1414,
Inter. 1972) .................................................. 2138.05 2163, 2163.05

Wende v. Horine, 225 F. 501 (7th Cir. 1915) Wilkinson, In re, 304 F.2d 673, 134 USPQ
................................................................. 2133.03(b) 171 (CCPA 1962) .......................................... 715.07

Wenger Mfg., Inc. v. Coating Mach. Sys., Williams, In re, 36 F.2d 436, 4 USPQ 237
Inc., 239 F.3d 1225, 57 USPQ2d 1679 (CCPA 1929) ............................................... 2144.05
(Fed. Cir. 2001) ................................................ 2181 Williamson v. Citrix Online, 792 F.3d 1339,
Wertheim, In re, 541 F.2d 257, 191 USPQ 115 USPQ2d 1105 (Fed. Cir. 2015) .....
90 (CCPA 1976) ... 608.04(a), 1302.01, 2144.05, 2181
2144.05, 2163, 2163.03, 2163.04, Willingham, In re, 282 F.2d 353, 127 USPQ
2163.05 211 (CCPA 1960) ......................... 1302.04, 1412.02
Wertheim, In re, 646 F.2d 527, 209 USPQ Wilson, In re, 311 F.2d 266, 135 USPQ 442
554 (CCPA 1981) ....................................... 2141.01 (CCPA 1962) .................................................... 2124
Western Elec. Co. v. Piezo Technology, Wilson, In re, 424 F.2d 1382, 165 USPQ
Inc., 860 F.2d 428, 8 USPQ2d 1853 (Fed. 494 (CCPA 1970) ......................... 2143.03, 2173.06
Cir 1988) ..................................................... 1701.01

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Winkhaus, In re, 527 F.2d 637, 188 USPQ Wyers v. Master Lock Co., 616 F.3d 1231,
129 (CCPA 1975) ................................... 2173.05(q) 95 USPQ2d 1525 (Fed. Cir. 2010) .....
Winter v. Fujita, 53 USPQ2d 1234 (Bd. Pat. 716.06, 2141.01(a), 2143
App. & Inter. 1999) .......................................... 2303 Wyeth & Cordis Corp. v. Abbott
Winkler v. Ladd, 221 F. Supp. 550, 138 Laboratories, 720 F.3d 1380, 107
USPQ 666 (D.D.C. 1963) ......................... 711.03(c) USPQ2d 1273 (Fed. Cir. 2013) .....
2164.01(a), 2164.08
Wise, In re, 340 F.2d 982, 144 USPQ 354
(CCPA 1965) .......................................... 1504.01(d) Wyeth v. Kappos, 591 F. 3d 1364, 93
USPQ2d 1257 (Fed. Cir. 2010) ........................ 2731
Wiseman, In re, 596 F.2d 1019, 201 USPQ
658 (CCPA 1979) ..... 2141.02, 2145, Wyeth Holdings Corp. v. Sebelius, 603 F.3d
2164.06(c) 1291, 95 USPQ2d 1233 (Fed. Cir. 2010)
........................................................................... 2757
W.L. Gore & Assoc., Inc. v. Garlock, Inc.,
721 F.2d 1540, 220 USPQ 303 (Fed. Cir. Xiao, In re, 462 Fed. App'x. 947 (Fed. Cir.
1983) .... 2132, 2133.03(a), 2133.03(c), 2011) ........................................................... 2112.01
2141.01, 2141.02, 2144.08, 2164.08, Yale, In re, 434 F.2d 666, 168 USPQ 46
2165.04, 2173.05(b) (CCPA 1970) ................................................. 716.07
WMS Gaming, Inc. v. Int’l Game Tech., Yamaguchi, Ex parte, 61 USPQ2d 1043
184 F.3d 1339, 51 USPQ2d 1385 (Fed. (Bd. Pat. App. & Inter. 2001) .....
Cir. 1999) ......................................................... 2181 1412.02
Wolfensperger, In re, 302 F.2d 950, 133 Yamamoto, In re, 740 F.2d 1569, 222 USPQ
USPQ 537 (CCPA 1962) ..... 2163, 934 (Fed. Cir. 1984) .... 2111, 2173.01,
2181 2173.02, 2240, 2258
Wooddy, In re, 331 F.2d 636, 141 USPQ Yamazaki, In re, 702 F.3d 1327, 104
518 (CCPA 1964) ........................................ 2107.03 USPQ2d 2024 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ........................ 1490
Woodland Trust v. Flowertree Nursery, Inc., Yardley, In re, 493 F.2d 1389, 181 USPQ
148 F.3d 1368, 47 USPQ2d 1363 (Fed. 331 (CCPA 1974) .............................. 1504.03, 1512
Cir. 1998) ................................................ 2152.02(c) Yarn Processing Patent Validity Litigation,
Woodruff, In re, 919 F.2d 1575, 16 USPQ2d 183 USPQ 65 (5th Cir. 1974) .....
1934 (Fed. Cir. 1990) .................................. 2144.05 2128.01
Wright, 1876 C.D. 217, 10 O.G. 587 Yeda Research and Development Co. v.
(Comm’r Pat. 1876) .................................... 1410.02 Abbott GMBH Co., 837 F.3d 1341, 120
Wright, In re, 569 F.2d 1124, 193 USPQ USPQ2d 1299 (Fed. Cir. 2016) .....
332 (CCPA 1977) ..... 707.07(f), 2125, 2163, 2163.07(a)
2145 Yeo, Ex parte, Appeal No. 2020-001116
Wright, In re, 866 F.2d 422, 9 USPQ2d (PTAB March 2, 2020) ............................... 1412.01
1649 (Fed. Cir. 1989) ........................ 2163, 2163.03 Yita LLC, v MacNeil IP LLC, 69 F.4th
Wright, In re, 999 F.2d 1557, 27 USPQ2d 1356, 2023 USPQ2d 667 (Fed. Cir. 2023)
1510 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 2107.01, ......................................................... 716.01(b), 2145
2161.01, 2164.03, 2164.01(a), 2164.04, York Products, Inc. v. Central Tractor Farm
2164.05(a), 2164.06(b), 2164.08 & Family Center, 99 F.3d 1568, 40
Wu, Ex parte, 10 USPQ 2031 (Bd. Pat. App. USPQ2d 1619 (Fed. Cir. 1996) ........................ 2181
& Inter. 1989) .... 2144.04, 2173.05(h), Youman, In re, 679 F.3d 1335, 102 USPQ2d
2175 1862 (Fed. Cir. 2012) ..... 1412.01,
Wu v. Jucker, 167 USPQ 467 (Bd. Pat. 1412.02
Inter. 1968) ................................... 2138.05, 2138.06 Young, In re, 75 F.2d 996, 25 USPQ 69
Wyer, In re, 655 F.2d 221, 210 USPQ 790 (CCPA 1935) .................................................... 2115
(CCPA 1981) ..... 901.05, 2127, 2128, Young, In re, 927 F.2d 588, 18 USPQ2d
2152.02(e) 1089 (Fed. Cir. 1991) .................................. 2143.01
Young v. Dworkin, 489 F.2d 1277, 180
USPQ 388 (CCPA 1974) ............................. 2138.03

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Yuasa Battery v. Comm’r, 3 USPQ2d 1143

(D.D.C. 1987) .................................................. 2279
Zahn, In re, 617 F.2d 261, 204 USPQ 988
(CCPA 1980) ..... 1502, 1503.02,
1504.04, 2172
Zechnall, Ex parte, 194 USPQ 461 (Bd.
App. 1973) .............................................. 2164.05(b)
Zenith Labs., Inc. v. Bristol-Myers Squibb
Co., 19 F.3d 1418, 30 USPQ2d 1285
(Fed. Cir. 1996) .......................................... 1302.14
Zenitz, In re, 333 F.2d 924, 142 USPQ 158
(CCPA 1964) ............................................. 716.02(f)
Zeroclick, LLC v. Apple Inc., 891 F.3d
1003, 126 USPQ2d 1765 (Fed. Cir. 2018)
........................................................................... 2181
Zickendraht, In re, 319 F.2d 225, 138 USPQ
22 (CCPA 1963) ..... 804, 804.03,
1504.06
Ziegler, In re, 443 F.2d 1211, 170 USPQ
129 (CCPA 1971) ..... 804.01, 809.03,
821.04, 821.04(a), 821.04(b)
Ziegler, In re, 992 F.2d 1197, 26 USPQ2d
1600 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ..... 2103,
2107.01, 2107.02, 2163, 2163.03
Zimmerley, Ex parte, 153 USPQ 367 (Bd.
App. 1966) ....................................................... 2181
Zletz, In re, 893 F.2d 319, 13 USPQ2d 1320
(Fed. Cir. 1989) ... 715, 2111, 2111.01,
2111.03, 2138, 2171, 2173.01, 2173.02,
2173.05(a), 2181, 2286
Zonenstein, In re, 172 F.2d 599, 80 USPQ
522 (CCPA 1949) ....................................... 1504.02
Zup v. Nash Mfg., 896 F.3d 1365, 127
USPQ2d 1423 (Fed. Cir. 2018) .....
2143.01
Zurko, In re, 258 F.3d 1379, 59 USPQ2d
1693 (Fed. Cir. 2001) ........................ 2143, 2144.03

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