JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) 2028

JEE (MAINNURTURE COURSE

+ ADVANCED) 2028
NURTURE COURSE
MATHEMATICS RACE # 03
TIME : 30 Min. M.M. : 22
READ THE FOLLOWING THEOREMS :
(A) Congruence Theorems
Theorem 1 (SSS Congruence) :
If two triangles have corresponding equal sides then they are equal in all aspects.
A P

B C Q R

N
∆ABC ≅ ∆PQR
Theorem 2 (SAS Congruence) :
If two triangles have two sides of one equal to corresponding two sides of the other and the
angles included by those sides are equal, then the triangles are equal in all respects.
A P
E
B C Q R
LL
∆ABC ≅ ∆PQR
Theorem 3 (AAS Congruence) :
If two triangles have two angles of one equal to corresponding two angles of the other and any
side of the first equal to the corresponding side of the other, the triangles are equal in all respects.
A P
A

B C Q R
∆ABC ≅ ∆PQR
Theorem 4 (RHS Congruence) :
Two right angled triangles which have their hypotenuses equal, and one side of one equal to one
side of the other, are equal in all respects.
A P

B C Q R
∆ABC ≅ ∆PQR

MATHEMATICS /RACE # 03 E-1/4

 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) 2028
NURTURE COURSE
(B) Equiangular or Similar Triangles
Theorem 1 :
If two triangles are equiangular to one another, their corresponding sides are proportional.
P
A

B C Q R
∠A = ∠P, ∠B = ∠Q and ∠C = ∠R
AB BC CA
⇒ = =
PQ QR RP
Theorem 2 :
If two triangles have their sides proportional when taken in order, the triangles are equiangular to
one another, and those angles are equal which are opposite to corresponding sides.

N
P
A

B C Q R
AB BC CA
= =
PQ QR RP
E
⇒ ∠A = ∠P, ∠B = ∠Q and ∠C = ∠R
LL
Theorem 3 :
If two triangles have one angle of the one equal to one angle of the other, and the sides about the
equal angles proportional, the triangles are similar.
P
A

B C Q R
A

∠B = ∠Q
AB BC
= ⇒ ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR
PQ QR
Theorem 4 :
Consider two triangles ABC and PQR such that
P
A A P

B C Q R Q R
BC CA
∠B = ∠Q and = , then
QR RP
∠P = ∠A or ∠P = 180° – ∠A

E-2/4 MATHEMATICS /RACE # 03

 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) 2028
NURTURE COURSE
Theorem 5 :
In a right-angled triangle, if a perpendicular is drawn from the right angle to the hypotenuse, the
triangles on each side of it are similar to the whole triangle and to one another.
B

A C
P
∆ABC ~ ∆APB ~ ∆BPC
Theorem 6 :
The internal & external bisector of an angle of a triangle divides the opposite side in the ratio of
their sides containg the angle.

N
A

∴
BD BD ' AB
=
E
=
B D C D′

DC CD ' AC
Proportion Applied to Area
LL
Theorem 7 :
The areas of similar triangles are proportional to the squares on corresponding sides.
P
A

h2
h1
B C Q R
A

[ ABC] AB 2
BC CA 2
h 2 2
= = = = 1

[ PQR ] PQ QR RP h
2 2 2 2
2

Where [XYZ] denotes Area of Triangle XYZ.

Straight Objective Type (3 Marks each, –1 for wrong answer)
1. In ∆ABC and ∆DEF , ∠A = 50°, ∠B = 70°, ∠C = 60°, ∠D = 60°, ∠E = 70°, ∠F = 50°, then
∆ABC is similar to
(A) ∆DEF (B) ∆EDF (C) ∆DFE (D) ∆FED
2. Triangle ABC is such that AB = 9 cm, BC = 6 cm, AC = 7.5 cm. ∆DEF is similar to ∆ABC,
If EF = 12 cm then DE is
(A) 6 cm (B) 16 cm (C) 18 cm (D) 15 cm

MATHEMATICS /RACE # 03 E-3/4

 JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED) 2028
NURTURE COURSE
3. In a right angled ∆ABC, ∠C = 90° and CD is the perpendicular on the hypotenuse AB, AB = c,
BC = a, AC = b and CD = p, then
B
D

C A

p p 1 1 1 1 1 1
(A) = (B) 2
+ 2 = (C) p2 = b2 + c2 (D) = +
a b p b a2 p 2
a 2 b2
4. The areas of two similar triangles are in the ratio of 25 : 36. What is the ratio of their respective
heights ?
(A) 5 : 6 (B) 6 : 5 (C) 1 : 11 (D) 2 : 3

N
5. In a triangle ABC as shown in the diagram, where AB = 5, AC = 10 and BD = 2 then perimeter
of triangle ABC is
A
E A/2 A/2

B C
LL
D
(A) 9 (B) 21 (C) 20 (D) 30
6. Let ABC be a triangle with ∠B = 90°. Let AD be the bisector of ∠A with D on BC. Suppose
AC = 6 cm and the area of the triangle ADC is 10cm2. Then the length of BD (in cm) is equal to
3 3 5 10
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 10 3 3
A

7. The distance between the top of two trees 20 m and 28 m high is 17 m. The horizontal distance
between the trees is
(A) 11 m (B) 31 m (C) 15 m (D) 9 m
Multiple Correct Answer Type (4 Marks each, –1 for wrong answer)
8. D, E, F are the mid points of the sides BC, CA and AB respectively of ∆ABC. Then
Area of ∆ABC Area of ∆DEF
(A) =4 (B) =1
Area of ∆EDF Area of ∆BFD
Area of ∆ABC
(C) =2 (D) Area of ∆AFE = Area of ∆DEC
Area of ∆BFD + Area of ∆DEC

E-4/4 MATHEMATICS /RACE # 03