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Transformations
A transformation changes the position or the size of a 2-D shape in a particular way. You will deal with the six basic ways of
using transformations to change a shape:
(1) translation, (4) enlargement,
(2) reflection, Isometric Transformations (5) stretch, Non-Isometric Transformations
(3) rotation, (shape and size of an image is the same as the original) (6) and shear. (shape and/or size of an image is not same as the original)
When a transformation is carried out, the shape’s original position is called the object and its ‘new’ position is called the image.
For translations, reflections and rotations, the object and image are congruent.
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[2]reflection (M)
A reflection is a transformation of a 2-D shape so that it becomes the mirror
image of itself.
Notice that each point on the image is the same perpendicular distance from the
mirror line as the corresponding point on the object.
So, if you could ‘fold’ the whole diagram along the mirror line, every point on
the object would coincide with its reflection.
The mirror line (axis of symmetry or line of reflection) is the perpendicular
bisector of a line joining any point to its image.
Points that lie on the mirror line are called invariant points. Invariant points are those points which are unaffected by
transformation.
The shape and size of the image does not change under a reflection.
Example 1 Solution:
Find the image of Δ PQR under reflection in the line
x = 3 and label it with P’Q’R’.
Instructions:
Draw the mirror line, mark image point P’ such that
the perpendicular distance of P and P’ from the mirror
line is same. Repeat the procedure with each point.
Pak-Turk International School Boys Campus Lahore Teacher: Ashan Anwar
Maths 4024 Transformation email: [Link]@[Link] 2
Example 2
Find the image of ΔABC under reflection in the line
y = 2x + 2 and label it with A’B’C’.
Instructions:
Draw the mirror line, mark image point A’ such that the perpendicular
distance of A and A’ from the mirror line is same. Repeat the procedure
with each point.
To describe a reflection, state the equation of line of reflection.
Example 3
Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle A
onto triangle B.
Instructions:
Mark the mid point between original point and its image.
Repeat the procedure for each pair of points. All these three
mid points lie on a straight line. This line is a line of
reflection.
Solution:
Reflection in the line x = − 1
Practice Questions:
Q1:
(a) Reflect the triangle A in the line y = 1 and label it with B.
(b) Reflect the triangle A in the line x = 0 and label it with C. A
(c) Reflect the triangle A in the line y = − x and label it with D.
Pak-Turk International School Boys Campus Lahore Teacher: Ashan Anwar
Maths 4024 Transformation email: [Link]@[Link] 3
Q2: Draw the image after a reflection in the given mirror line.
Q3: Draw these figures on squared paper and then draw the reflection of each in the given mirror line.
Pak-Turk International School Boys Campus Lahore Teacher: Ashan Anwar